vetoing the corresponding items of the current appropriation act, in flagrant viola- tion of the Organic Law. He has made appointments to positions and authorized the payment of salaries therefore after having vetoed the appropriations for such solories. He has used certain public funds to grant additional compensator officials in clear violation of low. He has arrogated unto himself the right of exercising the powers granted by low to the Emergency Board after abolishing said board on the ground thot its powers involved an unlawful delegation of legislative authority. He hos unduly interfered in the administration of justice. He hos refused to obtain the advice of the Senate in making appointments where such advice is required by the Organic Act. He hos refused to submit to the Senate appointment for vacancies occurring during the recess of the Legislature in the contravention of the Organic Act. He has continued in office nominees whose appointments had been rejected by the Senate. He has usurped legis! sures approved by him. He has, in the administration of affairs in Mindanao, brought about a condition which has given rise fo discord and dissension between certain groups of Christian and Mohammedan Filipinos. He has by his policies created strained relations between resident Americans and Filipi He hos endeavoured, on the pretext of getting the government out of business, to dispose of all the companies capitalized by the government worth many millions of the people’s money to powerful Americans interests. He hos sanctioned the campaign of insidious propaganda in the United States ageinst the Filipino people ‘ond their aspirations. in to public ve powers by imposing conditions on legislative mea- He hos attempted to close the Philippine National Bank so necessary to the economic development of the country. He hos adopted the practice of intervening in, and controlling directly, to its minute details, the offoirs of the Philippine Government, both insular and local, in violotion of self-government. He hos insistently sought the amendment of our land laws approved by the Congress of the United Stotes, which amendment would open up the resources of our country to exploitation by predatory interests, Not content with these and other arbitrary acts, the Governor-General has recently promulgated Executive Order No. 37, decloring that the laws creating and defining the powers of the Board of Control which is authorized to vote the stocks ‘owned by the government in certain private corporations, are absolute nullities In the same order the Governor-General also announced his purpose to exercise 206 | Salavsay at Savsay: Scanned with CamScannersolely and by himself the powers and dulies developing upon the said board. This executive order is purported to be based on an opinion rendered by the Judge Advocate General of the United States Army and the confirmatory opinions of the Acting Advocate General on November 7. Despite this fact, he has found it conve- nient to withhold the publication of his order until November 10, a few hours after the Legislature had adjourned, thus depriving the Legislature of the opportunity to consider the matter. The lows creating and defining the powers of the Board of Control have been in force and acted upon by the present Governor-General and other officers of the government for a number of years, and they have neither been repealed by the Leg- islature, annulled by Congress, the Governor-General by a mere executive order con set them aside, is to subvert the whole system of constitutional government and destroy the theory of separation of powers which the Governor-General has always been so intent in upholding. In the foce of this critical situation, we, the consfitufional representatives of the Filipino people, met to deliberate upon the present difficulties existing in the Government of the Philippines Islands and to determine how best to preserve the supremacy and majesty of the laws and to safeguard the rights and liberties of our people, having faith in the sense of justice of the people of the United States and inspired by her patriotic example in the early days of her history, do hereby, in our behalf and in the name of the F ilipino people, solemnly and publicly make known our most vigorous protest against the arbitrary acts and usurpations of the present Governor-General of the Philippine Islands, particularly against Executive Order No. 37. The consciousness of our sacred and inescapable duly to our country and our sense of loyalty to the people of acts of the present Governor-General as arbitrary, oppressive and undemocratic. We appec! to the judgement and conscience of the ‘American people in justification of our stand and for the vindication of our rights. NN el This petition also produced nothing to keep, Wood away from doing his job. On November 26, 1926 was pay-back time for Wood. He promulgated Executive Act No. 37, abolishing the Board of Control. Quezon and the rest of the politicians petitioned the Philippine Supreme Court in order to challenge the order, but the high court sustained Wood's decision, branding the law that created the Board of Control unconstitutional. At the same time, Wood also won in the case that challenged the constitutionality of Public Act No. 2803 which diminished the power of the governor-general (Agoncio and Guerrero, 1977, pp. 368-369). Nothing that the Filipino politicians did was able to derail Wood into doing his mission. But he induced a huge amount of bitterness among Filipino politicians who acted like spoiled brats into insisting to continue on their corrupt ways. What made Wood to finally leave the Philippines was not the victory of the Filipino politicians but a brain tumor that he was rushed back to the US and died on August 7, 1927. Readings in Philivoine History | 207 Scanned with CamScannerBackground of the Author Gregorio Zaide, bom on May 25, 1907 in am famous Filipino his is one of the most Laguna, is 06 ot ved as basis of many Phill ime. His works $2 a t pandful of these works secondary sources in studying 7 Seen a Filipino Historiographers.” He obtained PAD degrees from the University of Santo Tomas. Gegree from the University of the Philippines. Gregorio Zaide taught in University of the Philippines, University of University of Manila, Far Eastern University, and oof Hawaii, He became professor emeritus of His Eastern University after his retirement in 1964. ‘Aside from being active in the academe, he ‘of the founders of the International Association’ of Asia and served as president of the Philippine 2a for three years. He was also active in politics. He served " a Le as mayor of Pagsanjan, La various schools i Historical Background of the Document scam Leonard Wood first arrived in the Phi a es services in Cuba. He was a foro Province which compris islands and Mindanao. At the same timer Conall accepted by, of Cuba, giving However, Wood filipinization policy Executive Order no. Board of Control ‘The Board of Filipinos, was