Adamas International School

Half Yearly Examinations 2021-22 Date: 22.09.2021

Subject: Sociology Time: 1 hour 30 minutes
Class: XII Starting Time: 09:00 AM
Full Marks: 70 Ending Time: 10:30 AM
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ALL QUESTIONS ARE COMPULSORY
Each question / subpart of a question carries one mark
Select the correct option for each of the following questions
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 1
__________ establishes for every individual a network of social positions in
which he participates.
a) Rule of residence
b) Rule of descent
c) Lineage
d) Kinship Types

Question 2
Ego’s stepmother is ego’s _________.
a) Primary affinal kin
b) Secondary affinal kin
c) Secondary kin of primary kin
d) Secondary consanguineous kin

Question 3
Who said that Family is ‘The biological social unit composed of husband, wife
and children’?
a) M.F. Nimkoff
b) Eliot and Merrill
c) MacIver
d) Burgess and Locke

Question 4
Varun gets married to his maternal uncle’s daughter Priti. The marriage that
takes place between Varun and Priti is:
a) Levirate
b) Cross-cousin marriage
c) Parallel cousin marriage
d) Sororal Polygyny

1
Question 5
Sacred and Profane are two constituents of religion. This was put forward by:
a) Bronislaw Malinowski
b) Emile Durkheim
c) Radcliffe-Brown
d) E.B. Tylor

Question 6
Institutions come into being due to the collective activities of the people. What
does this statement indicate?
a) Institutions are Social
b) Universality of Institutions
c) Institutions are abstract in nature
d) Institutions are relatively permanent

Question 7
Amongst which tribe, the son-in-law is not supposed to see the faces of his
mother-in-law and father-in-law?
a) Veddas
b) Aruntas
c) Oraons
d) Yukafir

Question 8
Panchayat at the Block level is called __________.
a) Zila Parishad
b) Gram Panchayat
c) Panchayat Samiti
d) Panchayati Raj

Question 9
The belief or notion connected with old ideas about magic is:
a) Religion
b) Superstition
c) Science
d) Taboo

2
Question 10
Statement: Marriage not only brings two individuals of the opposite sex
together but also their respective families, groups and kindreds.
Reason: Marriage leads to the establishment of the family
a) Both the statement and the reason are correct and the reason matches with
the statement
b) Both the statement and the reason are correct but the reason does not match
with the statement
c) The statement is true and the reason is false
d) Both the statement and the reason are incorrect

Question 11
Which of the following is not a cause of polygyny?
a) The desire to keep the property intact
b) Economic Advantage
c) Women as Badges of Distinction
d) Earlier ageing of the female

Question 12
The theory of Animism was criticized because:
a) Tylor’s theory of dry funeral and green funeral was considered superstitions
b) Tylor’s theory was proved illogical by Max Muller
c) Tylor emphasized on the aspect of religion focusing on ghosts and spirits
d) Tylor did not consider primitive man to be a rationalistic being

Question 13
The states with population _________ are not required to establish Panchayat at
the intermediate level.
a) Less than thirty lakhs
b) More than five lakhs, but less than ten lakhs
c) Less than twenty lakhs
d) More than twenty lakhs, but less than thirty lakhs

Question 14
_________ refers to the social recognition of the biological relationship that
exists between the individuals.
a) Kinship
b) Degree of Kinship
c) Descent
d) Kinship usages

3
Question 15
The tribes that practice polygyny for economic reasons are _________.
a) Plains Indians and Eskimos
b) African Negroes
c) Longos and the Thongas
d) Tibetans

Question 16
Which of the following is not a function of religion?
a) Religion provides Peace of Mind
b) Religion promotes Welfare
c) Religion promotes Fanaticism
d) Religion promotes Social Solidarity

Question 17
An/Some important role(s) of traditional markets in Rural India is:
a) Cultural Intermingling
b) Tribals sell forest produce at haats and in exchange procure things that they
need for daily use
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of the above

Question 18
What does the word ‘soror’ stand for?
a) Husband
b) Sister’s sister
c) Brother
d) Sister

Question 19
Rohit belongs to the group Shivalli Brahmin and gets married to Varsha who
also belongs to the same group. What would this kind of marriage be called?
a) Endogamy
b) Caste Endogamy
c) Subcaste Endogamy
d) Class Endogamy

4
Question 20
Tylor says, “Primitive man must have thought there must be two souls in a
human being; a free soul which could go out of him and have experiences, and a
body soul which if left the body, resulted in its death.” In which of his literary
works did Tylor mention this?
a) The Elementary Forms of Religious Life
b) Primitive Culture
c) The Sociology of Religion
d) Religion and Society among the Coorgs

Question 21
With reference to the theories of religion, select the correct option:
a) Durkheim’s definition of religion consists of the parts – ‘beliefs’ and
‘rituals’
b) The function of religion is not to purge fear and other emotional strains from
the human mind, but to instil a sense of dependence in it
c) Radcliffe-Brown and Malinowski’s sociological explanations are derived, in
part, from Durkheim’s theory of religion
d) All of the above

Question 22
The Year of the Women as declared by the United Nations and the Women’s
World Conference in _________ was _________.
a) United States; 1985
b) Paris; 1985
c) Nairobi; 1975
d) Tokyo; 1975

Question 23
In India, the famous ________ furnish a classic example of Pastoral economy.
a) Naga
b) Toda
c) Bhotiya
d) Kadar

Question 24
Which of the following is not a cause of exogamy?
a) The desire on the part of a few to show that they are distinct from others
b) It helps to preserve the property
c) The practice of female infanticide
d) Close in-breeding would affect the biological quality of the off-springs

5
Question 25
The function of family for provision of home is:
a) Primary Function
b) Secondary Function
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Neither (a) nor (b)

Question 26
_________ pay a share of the crops but usually work under the supervision of
the landlord.
a) Share-cash Tenants
b) Crop-share Tenants
c) Croppers
d) Cash Tenants

Question 27
In Meghalaya, children receive their mother’s last name, husbands move into
their wife’s home and the youngest daughters inherit the ancestral property.
Daughters have the liberty to live in their ancestral home or move out, except
for the youngest daughter who is the custodian of the property. Even after her
marriage, she never leaves home. She looks after her parents and eventually
becomes the head of the household after her mother’s death.

i. The type(s) of family referred to in the above passage is:

a) Matriarchal family
b) Matrilineal family
c) Matrilocal family
d) All of the above

ii. The tribe referred to in the above passage is:

a) Garo
b) Angami
c) Khasi
d) Bhils

6
iii. With reference to the above passage, match the following by selecting the
correct option.

A B

I. Consanguineous family 1) Marriage bond that ties a

family together
II. Conjugal family 2) Family that consists of parents
and children
III. Avuncupotestal family 3) Blood ties exist between
family members
IV. Nuclear family 4) Authority of maternal uncle

The correct match for numbers I, II, III, IV is:

a) 1 2 3 4
b) 3 1 4 2
c) 4 1 2 3
d) 3 2 1 4

iv. ___________ is a family where authority is exercised by mother or

mother’s blood relatives.
a) Matrilocal family
b) Matripotestal family
c) Matriarchal family
d) Matrilineal family

Question 28
It was in 1959 that the Panchayati Raj system came into existence in a formal
way under the leadership of:
a) P.V. Narasimha Rao
b) Balwanti Mehta
c) A.R. Desai
d) Atal Vihari Bajpayee

Question 29
Jajmani System declined after the advent of _________ in India.
a) Portuguese
b) Dutch
c) British
d) French

7
Question 30
The full form of MGNREGA is __________ and it came into effect in
________.
a) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Empowerment Generating Act; 2003
b) Mahatma Gandhi Natural Rural Employee’s Guarantee Act; 2005
c) Mahatma Gandhi National Regional Employment Guarantee Act; 2001
d) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act; 2005

Question 31
Among __________, the same term is used for members of opposite sexes.
a) Hopi
b) Kuki
c) Angami Naga
d) Sema Naga

Question 32
What is Hypogamy also known as?
a) Anuloma
b) Marrying up
c) Pratiloma
d) Marriage within the same group

Question 33
The family is the earliest social environment which surrounds, trains and
educates the child. What does this statement indicate?
a) Emotional Basis
b) Formative Influence
c) Nuclear Position
d) Responsibility of the members

Question 34
The dry funeral among the Ho tribes is called:
a) Varldau
b) Jangtopa
c) Bonga
d) Pasdau

Question 35
Joint family is also known as:
a) Family of Procreation
b) Consanguineous family
c) Undivided family
d) Conjugal family

8
Question 36
Statement: Urban living weakens joint family pattern and strengthens nuclear
family patterns
Reason: Educated persons in urban areas are less in favour of joint family
norms
a) Both the statement and the reason are correct and the reason matches with
the statement
b) Both the statement and the reason are correct but the reason does not match
with the statement
c) The statement is true and the reason is false
d) Both the statement and the reason are incorrect

Question 37
The payment provided under MGNREGA is:
a) Equal for both men and women
b) More for women than men
c) More for men than women
d) Applicable only for women who fall below the poverty line

Question 38
The main purpose of religious code is to insist on religious conformity.
Religious conformity will mostly be in consonance to social conformity
because:
a) Religious code intends to make man good and helpful to others
b) Religious code brings a fear in man about facing the wrath of God
c) Religious code instils the pressure of conscience in a man
d) Religious code brings about a sense of morality in a man

Question 39
The vast number of tribal people, totaling up to nearly 20 million who live in
India are to be found at various levels of economic development or rather
under-development. Generally speaking, the tribal economy in almost every
case has been found to be mixed. When a tribe takes to one specialized
occupation it behaves like a caste, for example, the Biyar and the Kharwar of
Mirzapur who have taken to the manufacture of catechu and are popularly
known as the Khairahi. On the basis of racial, linguistic and geographical data,
it is possible to locate Indian tribal communities in three geographical zones in
the country. There is the north-eastern group, the central Indian group and the
southern group. In the north-east, terrace agriculture of a more or less settled
kind is dominant, in the middle zone shifting axe-cultivation is the method of
agriculture. Shifting cultivation is also found to some extent in the north-eastern
as well as the southern zones. Employment by the Government to make roads or
work in forest is also regular mode of occupation for these people.

9
i. With reference to the above passage, match the following by selecting the
correct option.

A B

I. Malapantaram 1) Jhum

II. Kharwar 2) Handicrafts

III. Naga 3) Food Gathering

IV. Korwa 4) Agriculture

The correct match for numbers I, II, III, IV is:

a) 4213
b) 3142
c) 1243
d) 3412

ii. With reference to shifting axe-cultivation, find the odd one out:
a) Inefficient, wasteful, uneconomic
b) Practiced by tribes like Saora, Chenchu and Ho
c) Maria of Bastar term shifting axe-cultivation as ‘penda’
d) The crops are scarce and are of inferior quality

iii. The tribe that practices terrace cultivation in India is:

a) Rengma Naga
b) Santhal
c) Munda
d) Khasi

iv. With reference to tribal economy, find the odd one out:
a) Jhuming
b) Agricultural Labour
c) Plough Cultivation
d) Totem

10
Question 40
Rituals can be best explained as:
a) Unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things
b) Certain restrictions communicated through verbal Do’s and Don’ts
c) Actions involving gestures and objects designed to be performed in some
typical manner
d) A religious act which can be a social custom, practice or conventional act

Question 41
_________ refers to common parentage.
a) Pravara
b) Clan
c) Gotra
d) Pinda

Question 42
__________ tribe has the practice of marrying outside the village.
a) Munda
b) Santhal
c) Toda
d) Hopi

Question 43
Family is no longer united by shared work, for its members work separately.
What kind of change in the family pattern does this statement indicate?
a) The Protective Function
b) The Reproductive Function
c) The Economic Function
d) The Socialization Function

Question 44
With reference to agrarian economy, choose the odd one out:
a) Owner
b) Cropper
c) Barter Exchange
d) Mazdoor

11
Question 45
Scientific knowledge should not be influenced by the personal opinions or
biases of the researchers, but knowledge in many religious traditions is a matter
of personal faith and close spiritual experience. What does this statement
indicate?
a) Open versus Closed Belief Systems
b) Evolving versus Absolute Knowledge Systems
c) Empirical versus Spiritual World
d) Objectivity versus Subjectivity

Question 46
The Indian family is by and large ________ in structure.
a) Patriarchal
b) Matriarchal
c) Neolocal
d) None of the above

Question 47
With reference to the characteristics of Political Organization, point the odd one
out:
a) Non-governmental organizations
b) Community Organizing
c) Advocacy Groups
d) 73rd Amendment Act

Question 48
With reference to the functions of family, choose the odd one out:
a) Status Ascription
b) Educational Function
c) Social Regulation
d) Reproduction

Question 49
Communalism has become one of the biggest menaces of modern India. It is a
form of extreme antagonism between religious communities. This is an example
of:
a) Religious Dysfunction
b) Glorification of Religion
c) Social Solidarity
d) Religious Participation

12
Question 50
__________ outlined the model of agrarian class structure in India into Malik,
Kisan and Mazdoor.
a) Jagdish Bhagwati
b) Daniel Thorner
c) A.R. Desai
d) Milton Friedman

Question 51
Which of the following is not a structural change that has taken place in the
family pattern?
a) Most families in urban areas have one or two generation members
b) People started having separate households
c) Families are no more the place of protection for the physically handicapped,
mentally challenged and aged people
d) The family is no longer patriarchal in the true sense of the term

Question 52
The reason(s) for limited success of the Family Planning Programme in India is:
a) The problem of convincing illiterate people in India
b) It has remained only a programme of the Government
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Neither (a) nor (b)

Question 53
From time immemorial, it is prevalent in Indian society to worship the nature
and various objects of nature as a sign of reverence towards them. Various
paintings are testament to this. Even today, after decades we see Indian families
celebrating festivals to pay their offerings to the objects of nature like the Sun,
Moon, Trees etc.

i. The theory of religion mentioned in the above passage is:

a) Animism
b) Totemism
c) Naturism
d) Fetishism

13
ii. With reference to the above passage, match the following by selecting the
correct option.

A B

I. Superstition 1) Attitude of love and reverence

which invests lifeless things
with life and all the power that
is associated with life

II. Taboo 2) Connects man to the

supernatural forces of nature

III. Religion 3) Considered to be illogical,

weird and mysterious

IV. Naturism 4) Concept which says that all

these practices are
undocumented laws

The correct match for numbers I, II, III, IV is:

a) 3 4 2 1
b) 2 3 4 1
c) 4 3 2 1
d) 2 4 1 3

iii. The word ‘Taboo’ is not an English word. It is derived from a ________
word, meaning _________.
a) Dutch; Forbidden
b) Spanish; Forbid
c) Polynesian; To Forbid
d) Greek; To Forbid

iv. Totemism is characterized by:

a) Exogamy
b) Endogamy
c) Polyandry
d) Monogamy

14
Question 54
Religion helps to bring about social control because:
a) It is a body of rules concerned with good and evil that is manifested to us by
conscience which limits man from doing anti-social work
b) It has a supra-social sanction to enforce obedience to religious code by
which man surrenders to the divine force, suppressing his own selfish needs
c) It is a moral code that when violated leads to social disapproval
d) It is a religious code that when violated leads a man to face the wrath of God

Question 55
Bal Panchayat is an initiative supported by:
a) United Nation Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
b) Government of India
c) United Nations Children’s Fund
d) Child Rights and You

Question 56
With reference to Jajmani System, choose the odd one out:
a) Interdependence of Caste
b) The relationship between the Jajman and the Praja
c) System of Barter Exchange
d) System of Exchange in kind for services rendered

Question 57
A conjugal family is defined by a/an ________ bond.
a) Affinal
b) Consanguineous
c) Patriarchal
d) All of the above

Question 58
Among the Todas, a Toda woman when married was automatically married to
her husband’s brothers. When the wife became pregnant, one husband would
ceremonially give a bow and arrow to the wife, and would be the father of that
child. When the next child arrived, another husband would perform the
ceremony and become the father.

i. The kind of marriage mentioned in the above passage is:

a) Group Marriage
b) Fraternal Polyandry
c) Non-fraternal Polyandry
d) Polygyny

15
ii. Select the odd one out:
a) Hypogamy
b) Group Marriage
c) Polygyny
d) Polyandry

iii. With reference to the above passage, match the following by selecting the
correct option.

A B

I. Polygamy 1) Wives are not related as sisters

II. Exogamy 2) ‘Marrying up’ in the social

status
III. Non-sororal Polygyny 3) Marriage outside one’s social
group
IV. Hypergamy 4) Marrying multiple spouses

The correct match for numbers I, II, III, IV is:

a) 4 1 3 2
b) 2 4 3 1
c) 4 3 1 2
d) 3 1 2 4

iv. The marriage of two or more women with two or more men is:
a) Polygyny
b) Monogamy
c) Group Marriage
d) Polygamy

16