Name: GICALE, JAY MARK S.

Course/year: BSCE-IV Date: 09-10-21

Topic: SOIL PROPERTIES Subject: FOUNDATION ENGINEERING
QUIZ 1
1. A soil sample weighs 14.46N and has a volume of 0.000991m3. The
specific gravity is 2.65. The volume of air is 0.000167 m3. Find the dry
unit weight of the original sample in KN/ m3.

Solution: W= Ws+Ww = sVs + wVw

W =14.46N
V=0.000991m3 0.01446= 25.9965Ws+9.81Ww (eq.1)
G =2.65 V= Vs+Vw+Va
Va=0.000167m3 0.000991-0.000167= Vs+Vw (eq.2)
w=9810N/m
3

Vs= 0.000393943m3
Vw = 0.00040057m3
s= G w
dry =
__ ____________ 3
Ws = 25.9965kN/m(0.000393943m)
3

s= 2.65(9810)N/m
3
V 0.000991m3
s= 25.9965kN/m
3

dry =10.334kN/m3 Ans.

2. Soil solids have specific gravity of 2.71. Find the unit weight of the
solids in SI units.
Solution:
G= 2.71
w =9.81kN/m
3

s =G w
3
s =2.71(9.81kN/m)
s =26.585kN/m3 Ans.

3. A mold having a volume of 0.10ft3 was filled with moist soil. The weight
of the soil in the mold was found to be 12lbs. the soil was oven dried and
the weight after drying was 10.5lbs. The specific gravity of solids was known
to be 2.70.
• Determine the water content in percentage
• Find the void ratio
• Find the porosity
• Find the degree of saturation in percentage
• Find the total unit weight in English unit
• Find the dry unit weight in English unit
Solution:
V=0.10ft3
W=12lbs
Ws =10.5lbs
G= 2.71
 Porosity:
Moisture Content:
MC=
___
(W-Ws)
X 100 n=
__ = ____ = 0.37678 or 37.68%
e 0.60457
Ws 1+ e1+ 0.60457
MC=
____
(12-10.5)
X 100 Degree of Saturation:
Ans.

10.5
GMC = Se
MC= 14.29% Ans. (2.7)(0.14286)= S(0.60457)
Dry unit weight:
dry=
__ ____
Ws = (10.5lbs)
=105lb/ft3
S= 0.6380 or 63.80%
Ans.
V 0.10ft3 Ans. Total unit weight:
Void ratio:
dry
__= G w
s=G w
s =(2.7)(62.4)lb/ft
3
1+ e
_____
105 =(2.7)(62.4)
1+ e s = 168.48lb/ft3
Ans.
e =0.60457
Ans.

4. One cubic meter of wet soil weighs 19.8 KN. If the specific gravity of
soil particles is 2.7 and water content is 11%.
• Find the void ratio
• Dry unit weight in SI unit
• Find the degree of saturation in percentage
Solution:
V= 1m3
W= 19.8kN
G= 2.7
w = 9.81kN/m
3

MC= 0.11 b). Dry unit weight:

a).Void ratio:
__ ____
dry=
Ws = 17.84kN
=17.84kN/m3 Ans.
V
__
dry = G w
1m3
1+ e c).Degree of Saturation:
_____
17.84 =(2.7)(9.81)
G MC = Se
1+ e (2.7)(0.11)= (0.4847)S
e =0.4847
S = 0.61275 or 61.28%
Ans. Ans.

5. Sample size 3.81cm diameter and 7.62 cm height

Wet weight: 1.668N Oven-dried weight: 1.4N
Specific gravity: 2.7
• Determine the water content in percentage
• Determine the dry unit weight in SI unit
• Determine the bulk unit weight in SI unit
• Determine the void ratio
• Determine the degree of saturation
Solution:
2
V= 0.25(3.14)(0.0381)(0.0762)
V= 0.000086874m3
Ws = 1.4N
G= 2.7
w = 9.81kN/m
3
 c). Bulk unit weight:
__ ______
1.668N
a).Moisture content:
(W-Ws)
MC = Ws x100
___ m =
W
V = 0.000086874m3

MC =
(1.668-1.4) x100______ m = 19.20 kN/m3 Ans.

1.4 d). Void ratio:

dry=
Gw__
MC = 19.14% Ans. 1+ e
_____
16.115 =(2.7)(9.81)
b). Dry unit weight:
dry=
Ws 1.4N __ _______ 1+ e

V = 0.000086874m3
e =0.64362
Ans.
e).Degree of Saturation:
dry = 16.115kN/m3 GMC = Se
Ans. (2.7)(0.1914)= (0.64362)S
S = 0.8029 or 80.29%
Ans.

6. The porosity of a soil sample is 35% and the specific gravity of its
particle is 2.70.
• Calculate the void ratio
• Calculate the dry unit weight in SI unit
• Calculate the saturated unit weight in SI unit
• Calculate the submerged unit weight in SI unit
Solution:
n =0.35
G= 2.7
w = 9.81kN/m
3

a). Void ratio:

e=
__ = ___ = 0.53846
n 0.35
1-n 1-0.35 Ans.
b). Dry unit weight:
__ _____
= G1+we = 2.7(9.81)
1+ 0.53846 = 17.22kN/m Ans.
dry 3

c). Saturated unit weight:

__ ______
=(G+e) (2.7+0.53846)
sat
1+ e w = 1+ 0.53846 (9.81)
sat = 20.65kN/m3 Ans.
d). submerged unit weight:

b = - w =20.65-9.81)= 10.84kN/m3
sat

Ans.
7. It is known that the natural soil at a construction site has a void ratio
of 0.92. At the end of compaction, the in-place void ratio was found to be
0.65. If the moisture content remains unchanged, then determine:
a. Percent decrease in the total volume of the soil due to compaction
b. Percent increase in the field unit weight
c. Percent change in the degree of saturation
Solution:
a). Percentage decrease in
c). Degree of Saturation:
the total volume:
e=
__
Vv __
Sr(%)= Vw X 100
Vs
V1 = Vs+Vv1 ____ Vv
(Sr2 -Sr1 )
V2 = Vs+Vv2
( _ _ (____
____ _ _)
Sr1

__ ___V-
Vs = Vs
1 V2 = Vv1-Vv2
=
)
Vw - Vw
_ = _
V Vv1
v2
1 1
V -V v2 v1

V-
1 V2 Vv1-Vv2
= Vs+ Vw 1
V1 Vv1 Vv1 Vv1
_____
(____ _ ____
_ - Vs _1 - _1
=
(Vv1/Vs-Vv2/Vs)
__ 1+V1
Vs
= V _V
v2
) =
( _
v1 ) e2 e1
__ _____
(e-1 e2)
Vs
= (0.92-0.65)
Vs
V
1
e1
=
1+e1 (1+0.92) _1_ - _1_
______
v1

= 0.1406 or 14.06% Ans.

=
( 0.65
_1_ ) 0.92

0.92
b). Percentage increase in = 0.4153 or 41.53% Ans.
the unit weight:
__ = W
V
(___- ) ( _W - _W
____
=
2 1 )
X 100 = V _ V X 100 2 1
Let:
W V1 = Vs+Vv1 orig.vol.
_V -_
1
V V2 = Vs+Vv2
1
vol.after
=( V V)X 100
1 V 1

=(
_____
2

V
1

(1-0.1406)V )X 100
-1
1

= 16.36% Ans.

8. A 2-m-high sandy fill material was placed loosely at a relative density

of 47%. Laboratory studies indicated that the maximum and minimum void ratios
of the fill material are 0.92 and 0.53, Respectively. Construction
specifications required that the fill be compacted to a relative density of
80%. If Gs 2.65, determine:
A.) Dry unit weight of the fill before and after compaction.
B.) Final height of the fill after compaction.
 Solution:
____
emax - e
Dr = emax emin X 100
-
____
e = emax - Dr(emax-emin)
100
e1= 0.92-0.47(0.92-0.53) void ratio before compaction
e1= 0.7367
e2= 0.92-0.8(0.92-0.53) void ratio after compaction
e2= 0.608

__ _____
a).Dry unit weight before and after compaction:
G =
(before) dry = 1+
2.65 3
= 1.526(g/cm)
e1 1+0.7367 Ans.
__ _____
G 2.65 3
(after) dry = 1+ e2 = 1+0.608 = 1.648(g/cm) Ans.

b). Percentage of volume decrease:

=((e-e)/(1+e))x100
1 2 1

=((0.7367-0.608)/(1.7367))x100 F
O
U
= 7.4% N
D E
N
A
Final Height: T
G
I
h =(1-0.074)(2) I
O
N
E
N
h =1.852 m Ans. E
R
I
N
G

INSTRUCTOR: Engr. Sherman Macasojot