DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND

PHYSICAL SCIENCES
SMA 2220: CALCULUS IV BY DR.KANYI

STOKES THEOREM
It state that if S is an open two sided surface bounded by
closed simple curve, if F has continuous partial
derivatives then
  ^  ^
 F  dr   CurlF  n ds     F  n ds

EXAMPLE
Verify Stoke’s theorem for the vector field

F  2 x  y i  yz 2 j  y 2 zk
over the upper half surface of

x2  y2  z 2  1 bounded by its projection on the x, y plane.

SOLUTION
  ^
By Stokes theorem,   dr 
F    F  n ds

L.H.S

  dr
F

In x, y plane z  0 therefore x  y  1 which is

2 2

equation of circle center 0,0 radius 1 .

 y

x  cost and y  sin t , dx   sin tdt therefore


F  2 cost  sin t i

dr  idx  jdy

F  dr  2 cost  sin t i  idx  jdy

F  dr  2 cos t  sin t dx

F  dr  2 cost  sin t   sin tdt

  dr   (2 cost sin sin t )dt
2
F

 2
 1 cos 2t 
 F  dr  0  2  2   sin 2t )dt
2
 1 sin 2t cos 2t 
 F  dr   2 t  4  2  0
 1  1 
 F  dr   2 2   0  2   0  0  2   
1

R.H.S
 ^

 F    n ds
 i j k
   
F  
x y z
F1 F2 F3

i j k
   
F  
x y z
2x  y 0 0

      
F    i y z  j x z  k x y
0 0 2x  y 0 2x  y 0

F    i0  0  j 0  0  k 0  1  k
 ^ ^

 F    n ds   k  n ds   dxdy
Which is area of a
circle center 0,0 radius 1 .
area  r 2    12  

L.HS=R.H.S Hence verified.

EXAMPLE
Evaluate  A.n ds where A  z i  x j  3y2 z k and S is
S

the surface of the cylinder x  y  16 included in the

2 2

first octant between z  0 and z  5 projection on

the xz – plane
 z

z  x 2  y 2  16

G 2x i  2 y j xi  y j
n  
G  2x
2
 2y
2 4

 xi  y j  xz  xy

A  n  z i  x j  3y2z k  

 4

 4

G 4
dS  dA  dA
G  j y

xz  xy 4
 A.n ds  
S
4
 dA
y
4 5
 xz 
   
x 0 z 0  16  x 2
 x  dzdx

5

z 0
  4 z  8   90
EXERCISE
a) Use Stokes’ theorem to evaluate  Fˆ  drˆ , given
C

F   x  2 y  i  3z j  x k
and S is the surface of the sphere
2 x  y  2 z  6 bounded by x  0, x  1 , y  0, y  2

b) Verify Stokes’ theorem for A   2 x  y  i  yz j  y z k

2 2

where s is the upper half surface of the sphere and

x  y  z  1 C is the boundary.
2 2 2

DIVERGENCE THEOREM
It state that if V is the volume bounded by a surface S and
F is continuously differentiable function then
  ^

 divF dv   F  n ds
or
  ^

   divFdxdydz   F  n ds
EXAMPLE
Verify the divergence theorem for A   2 x  z  i  x j  xz 2 2
k

taken over the region bounded by the surfaces

x  0 , y  0 , y 1 , z  0 , z 1
,
SOLUTION
  ^

   divAdV   A  n ds

G  0, 0,1 F
D EE

C  0,1, 0
A 1, 0, 0 B
 A  n dS  
S OABC
 
DEFG
 
ABED
 
OCFG
 
OADG
 
BCFE

OABC
 A  n dS   xz
2
dydx    0  dydx  0 n  k and z  0
S

DEFG
 A  n dS   xz dydx   x dydx n  k and z  1
2

S
1 1
   x dxdy
0 0
1
1 
1
   x 2  dy
0 
2 0
1
1 1
 dy 
0
2 2

ABED
 A  n dS   2 x  z dydx    2  z  dydz
S
n  i and x 1

1 1
    2  z  dzdy
0 0
1
 1 
1
   2 z  z 2   dy
0 
2  0
1
3 3
  dy 
0
2 2

OCFG
 A  n dS    z  2 x  dydx   z dydz
S
n  i and x  0

1 1
   z dzdy
0 0
1
1 
1
   z 2  dy
0 
2 0
1
1 1
  dy 
0
2 2

OADG
 A  n dS    x dzdydx    x 2 dxdz nj
2

S
1 1
    x 2 dxdz
0 0
1
 1 
1
    x 3  dz
0 
3 0
1
1 1
  dy  
0
3 3

BCFE
 A  n dS   x dzdydx   x n j
2 2
dxdz
S
1 1
 x
2
dxdz
0 0
1
1 
1
   x 3  dy
0 
3 0
1
1 1
  3 dy  3
0
 A  2x  z  i  x 2 j  xz 2 k
divergence theorem

 A  dA   div  FdV

diu A  2  2 xz
1 1 1

    2  2 xz dxdydz
0 0 0
1 1

   2x  x 
2
z dydz
0 0
1 1

   2  z dydz
0 0
1 1
  2 y 
0
yz dz    2  z  dz
0

1 2 5
 2z  z 
2 2

1 3 1 1 1 5
 A  n dS
S
 0
2

2

2
 
3 3

2

Example
 ^

Use divergence theorem to evaluate  F 

wheren ds

F  4 zxi  y j  yzk
2
and S is the surface bounded by
x  0, x  1, y  0, y  1, z  0, z  1
.
SOLUTION
By divergence theorem
  ^

 divFdv   F  n ds

  F1 F2 F3

divF    F   
x y z

divF  4 z  2 y  y  4 z  y
1 1 1

   4 z  y dzdydx
0 0 0

  2 z 
1 1
2
 yz dydx
0 0 0

1 1

  2 
0 0
y dydx

1
1
 y2 
0  2 y   dx
2 0

 1
1 1

0 2  2 dx  1.5dx

0

1.5 x 10  1 .5

EXERCISE
 ^
Verify divergence theorem to evaluate   n ds
F
where

F  4zxi  y j  yzk
2
and S is the surface bounded by
x  0, x  1, y  0, y  1, z  0, z  1
.
SOLUTION
By divergence theorem
  ^

 divFdv   F  n ds
 Z

O C

A B

TAYLORS THEOREM OF FUNCTION OF TWO

VARIABLES

f x, y   f a, b  
1
1!
  
x  a  f x   y  b f y  1 x  a 2 f xx  2x  a  y  b f xy   y  b2 f yy
2!


1
3!
 
x  a 3 f xxx  3x  a 2  y  b f xxy  3x  a  y  b2 f xyy   y  b3 f yyy  ...
 a0 b0
When and we get Maclaurins theorem of
fuction of two variables

f x, y   f 0,0 
1
1!
 
x  f x 0,0   y  f y 0,0 
1
2!

x 2 f xx 0,0  2x  y  f xy 0,0   y 2 f yy 0,0 
1
3!
 
x 3 f xxx 0,0  3x 2  y  f xxy 0,0  3x  y 2 f xyy 0,0   y 3 f yyy 0,0  ...

EXAMPLE
Expand e sin y using Maclaurins theorem up to
x

3 degree term
rd

SOLUTION

f x, y   f 0,0 
1
1!

x  f x 0,0   y  f y 0,0

1
2!

x 2 f xx 0,0  2x  y  f xy 0,0   y 2 f yy 0,0 
3!

 x  f xxx 0,0  3x   y  f xxy 0,0  3x  y  f xyy 0,0   y  f yyy 0,0  ...
1 3 2 2 3
