Volume 6, Issue 12, December – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Information Management of Aquaculture Farms

Using GIS Technology and Spatial Data Analysis
Heherson B. Albano Marifel Grace C. Kummer, DIT
Isabela State University Cabagan, Saint Paul University
Philippines Philippines

Abstract:- GIS Technology provides a systematic spatial Longley et al. (2015) noted that spatial issues must be
and attribute representation and has been a tool to solve investigated, analyzed, and assessed to ensure sustainable
complex problems in spatial data analysis. Aquaculture planning and management of aquaculture. However, several
farm data collection and assessing the suitability of ways to achieve this are the most commonly used in
various site locations are unique problems in Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
aquaculture farm information management. The
research aims to create a system that will aid Pogsonn and Smith (2015) also mentioned that spatial
information management of aquaculture farms on data analysis could be a beneficial tool in discovering
decision-making by improving data processing to patterns and examining modeling linkages of behavior
provide accurate information, automating data processes of geographical phenomena such as aquaculture
organization, and collecting spatial data for analysis. The site selection.
system can compare the spatial data generated to the
region's actual distribution of aquaculture farms. The Geographic Information System (GIS) technology can
study used descriptive methods such as interviews, be used for anything from simple spatial queries to more
observations, field visits, and data collection to address complicated analyses can even be applied as a modeling
challenges associated with the collection of non-spatial method for aquaculture farms. The process and results are
and spatial data. The software development process uses often used in decision support, enabling stakeholders to
the Scrum framework as a guide during the system's make well-informed decisions.
development. The developed system used the GMapGIS Aquaculture businesses have had a spotty life in
application, integrated with the Visual Basic.Net Wisconsin during the previous decades. Part of the issue is
framework and SQL Server creation of the database. the inability to pinpoint appropriate farm locations and
The point pattern analysis technique was applied to determine all the critical aspects of running a profitable fish
determine the most general commodities and culture farm. The difficulty of doing the necessary studies on the
type to establish the point locations of the various aquaculture industry's potential is a problem for its
aquaculture farms. The application used a network of expansion.
interconnected clients to connect to the central server.
The general assessment of the developed system gave In the study of Puniwai et al. (2014) to provide some
"very great extent" of compliance based on the user-end decision support to aquaculture and coastal planning
evaluation in terms of the ISO/IEC 25010 Software complex issues, GIS is often used to develop spatially
Quality Standards and a 5-point Likert Scale. explicit approaches to natural resource decision-making. As
a result, the information demand often presents coastal
Keywords:- GIS, Spatial Data Analysis, Aquaculture Farm, managers with complex problems regarding where
Information Management. aquacultures should ideally be located. In the study, the
I. INTRODUCTION framework provides a tool for managers facing these issues
that incorporate physical and biological parameters and
One approach to information management is to use geospatial infrastructure. In addition, the development of the
Geographic Information System (GIS) technology as a key system and underlying data included was undertaken with
to implementing spatial analytic approaches, making them careful input and consideration of local population concerns
more accessible to a wider range of users and, ideally, and cultural practices that were integrated into an end-user
allowing them to be used more widely in successful system for aquaculture siting.
decision-making scientific research. A similarly relevant
application is in aquaculture, where parts of it have a spatial In the Philippines, Pampanga has become a key hub of
element, and geographical considerations influence aquaculture production because of its poly culture system.
significant decisions in information management of The country's largest river basin, the Pampanga River, is
aquaculture farms, such as the site, commodity, system, and responsible for tilapia production. The river was the
technology utilization. One particular issue about managing principal supply of water for the area's aquaculture. Despite
aquaculture farms is monitoring and assessing the suitability the rapid growth of the tilapia business in Pampanga, the
of a site location, one of the most critical steps in management of inland fishery resources such as fishponds
aquaculture farming. To date, it is one of the most common and river systems has received little attention. It is difficult
GIS applications in aquaculture. to monitor and appraise the province's inland resources'
existing ecological challenges due to unregulated
aquaculture activities and a scarcity of baseline data.

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Volume 6, Issue 12, December – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
However, using geographic information techniques to management. The development strategy will also be used to
create a spatially georeferenced multi-layer database will be manage aquaculture farms for the Bureau of Fisheries and
extremely valuable in building overall inland fishing Aquatic Resources, relying on GIS technology and spatial
resource management plans, particularly for aquaculture data analysis.
management. Fishpond compartments were mapped using
Arc GIS software. Data from the field can be used to B. Architectural Network Design
attribute ponds that have been mapped.

The fishery sector benefits greatly from the aquaculture

farms in Cagayan Valley. In the third quarter of 2020,
overall fisheries production in the Cagayan Valley Region
increased by 1%. (http://rsso02.psa.gov.ph). The Bureau of
Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Regional Office 02 is
currently facing significant challenges in terms of
information management of aquaculture farms to monitor
the sustainability of diverse site locations and collect data
regarding the information on aquaculture farms. As a result,
a system or technology that can efficiently organize data and
enable aquaculture farm information management to Fig. 1: Network Design of the Developed System
improve decision-making is required.
The architectural network design of the developed
Developing information management of the system of the Bureau of Fishery and Aquatic Resources at
aquaculture farms to solve the problems described in the regional office 02 allows any interconnected clients to
study is one way to manage the information on the connect to the central server through the internet. The
aquaculture farms. Hence, the study aims to create a system technique consists of the access of the staff of the BFAR
that will support decision-making using GIS technology and regional office from the Aquaculture Department and
spatial data analysis technique in information management Planning Department, the assigned Fishery Livelihood
of aquaculture farms by improving data processing to Development Technicians (FLDT) within the municipality,
provide accurate information, automate the organization of and the Provincial Fishery Officers (PFO) in the different
data, and provide digital maps for analysis of spatial data. provinces. The network connection will be established and
The system's development can also be utilized to compare configured through an access point on the server, allowing
the maps generated with the actual distribution of terminals from the aquaculture department and planning
aquaculture farms in the area. department to access data on information management of
aquaculture farms. The existing centralized hardware server
The researcher considers this research beneficial to the located at the planning department will be utilized as the
Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Regional Office computer network to store, retrieve, and send computer files
02, the Provincial Fishery Offices, and the Local and data for the information management of the aquaculture
Government Units. Since the system will aid them in the farms.
information management of their aquaculture farms, it will
save time and money by eliminating the need to collect data Based on the information needed, each department in
from various sources. the BFAR regional office will be provided access to the
information management and security of the aquaculture
The system's ability to generate data, timely reports, farms, including at the municipal and provincial levels.
and actions that result in successful processes, as well as the
tool's ability to visualize spatial data in order to make better As the farm's information source, the aquaculture
decisions in planning programs and activities in aquaculture section manages and builds information on the farm,
farms. With the system's ability to use SMS technology to including storing, changing, deleting, viewing, printing, and
send information directly to fisher folks, information can be arranging geographic data. The planning department will be
disseminated instantly. limited in the searching, viewing, and printing reports for
the information management of aquaculture farms. At the
The introduction of the GIS tool will also serve to municipal level, assigned Fishery Livelihood Development
develop cooperation with Fish Framers, Academic Technicians (FLDT), after collecting or updating the
Institutions, Department of Agriculture, Philippine Statistics information about the aquaculture farms, can directly input
Regional Office, and other fishery sectors to improve the the data using the application to be sent to the provincial
information management of aquaculture farms in the region. office for consolidation of the aquaculture farm data. These
processes are also applicable to the provincial level, wherein
II. METHODOLOGY assigned Provincial Fishery Officers (PFO) can consolidate
and verify the submitted data from the municipal level for
A. Research Design
The study employed both descriptive and developmental submission at the Regional Office of the Bureau of Fisheries
research designs. The descriptive approach collects data via and Aquatic Resources. A text message sending multiple
numbers to a recipient will be created as part of the feature
interviews and questionnaires, which are then analyzed to
of the application services using Frontline SMS, a free,
determine the pertinent information on aquaculture farm

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Volume 6, Issue 12, December – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
open-source software program that enables large-scale, two- E. Software Development Process
way text messaging communication. This system feature The SCRUM framework served as a guide during the
will keep Provincial Fishery Officers, Fishery Livelihood development of the developed system. It was used to format
Development Technicians, and Fisher folks informed and up the developed system's content, and the procedures were
to date on the program and activities of aquaculture farms. adopted for the developed system. This software method
was useful in designing, providing, and maintaining
C. Data Gathering Procedures software products based on the current situation and existing
The following procedures were followed to collect the framework in information management of the aquaculture
data needed for the study properly: farms.
 The researcher prepared a formal communication
addressed to the Office of the Regional Director to seek
permission to conduct the study at the Office of the Bureau
of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Regional Office 02.
 Upon approval of the study by the Regional Executive
Director, a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between
the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Regional
Office 02 and the researcher was prepared to delineate the
details of the study, specifically the tasks of each party for
the conduct of the research and the development of the
information management system for aquaculture farms.
 Conducted a discussion with the aquaculture department
officer from the aquaculture department to understand the
process of the existing system on the information
management of the aquaculture farms. Fig. 2: SCRUM Framework
 The researcher used proper instruments to gather the
information from the various datasets, such as non-spatial III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
and spatial data. Furthermore, the researcher conducted
field visits to geo tag the locations of the existing A. Problems, Issues, and Challenges
aquaculture farms in the different provinces using smart The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Regional
phone devices and camera GPS map applications to collect Office 02 manage aquaculture farm information using
spatial data for the information on aquaculture farms. Microsoft Excel. The lack of automation of the system on
 Document scanning was done to get sample records on the the information management of aquaculture farms causes
list of aquaculture farms and reports to be produced for the slow processing on record organization, record submission,
information management of aquaculture farms. and report production. In terms of decision making, the lack
 A questionnaire based on ISO/IEC 25010 software quality of spatial data analysis for map representation will make it
standards was designed to be used by IT experts in challenging to handle crucial issues on the information
assessing the developed system’s extent of compliance management of aquaculture farms. To properly manage the
with the software development requirements standard. volume of data, a central database is required. The lack of a
method for alerting their clients about aquaculture programs
D. Data Analysis and services causes a delay in sending information.
The researcher used a quantitative approach to analyze
the respondents' responses using the Google survey B. Geographic Information System (GIS) Application for
questionnaire. The respondents' answers were compiled to the Information Management of Aquaculture Farms
obtain information about the information management of The Information Management of Aquaculture Farms
aquaculture farms in Region 2.Using descriptive statistics, Using GIS Technology and Spatial Data Analysis was
the data collected from the ISO/IEC 25010 Product Quality developed to assist the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic
Questionnaire was tabulated, summarized, analyzed, and Resources Region 2 in improving decision-making, which
interpreted. The developed system's compliance with the will automate data processing and organization. Non-spatial
ISO/IEC 25010 Software Quality Standards was determined and spatial data are the critical components of aquaculture
using the weighted mean. The derived means were farm information and were built for storage, editing,
interpreted using the Likert scale. deleting, updating, exporting, and visualization. To find
information on an aquaculture farm, the commodity and
Weight Weighted Mean Descriptive Rating operator attributes were employed. The system will also
5 4.20 - 5.00 Very Great Extent include spatial data for geographical analysis, which can be
4 3.40 - 4.19 Great Extent used to compare the real distribution of aquaculture farms in
3 2.60 - 3.39 Moderate Extent Region 2 in terms of commodity and culture type. The
2 1.80 - 2.59 Little Extent developed system generates reports on commodity
1 1.00 - 1.79 Very Little Extent distribution by province and provides spatial data for
analysis, which is the main output of the system. Thus,
Table 1: Measurement of the Extent of Compliance to
employing the developed system would enable improved
ISO 25010 Software Quality Standard.
information on aquaculture farms, notably on record

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Volume 6, Issue 12, December – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
keeping, maps for spatial data analysis, and charts for more
accessible data presentation.

Fig. 5: Location and Distribution of Aquaculture Farms

According to Commodity and Culture Type in 2-
Dimensional Format
Fig. 3: The Main Menu

C. Spatial Data Analysis Technique

The spatial data analysis technique helps develop maps
that allow spatial data to be presented since they can readily
express complex data. In this study, point pattern analysis
was used to determine point characteristics in spatial data
analysis about the geographical location of aquaculture
farms. The goal is to illustrate point features to choose the
most dominant commodity and culture type based on
information from aquaculture farms in Region 2. Actual
field visiting was conducted to get the longitude and
latitude, which provide the location of the aquaculture
farms. Figure 4 shows how to obtain the coordinates of the
actual location of the aquaculture farms from the various 1 Fig. 6: Location and Distribution of Aquaculture Farms
municipalities in Region 02. The device captured the According to Commodity and Culture Type in 3-
orientation and displayed the records from a specific Dimensional Format
location of the aquaculture farms using a GPS App Camera.
D. Evaluation of the Developed Application in Compliance
to the ISO 25010
ISO/IEC 25010 Criteria Descriptive
Characteristics Criteria Mean Rating
Functional Suitability 4.56 Very Great Extent
Performance Efficiency 4.57 Very Great Extent
Compatibility 4.59 Very Great Extent
Usability 4.67 Very Great Extent
Reliability 4.59 Very Great Extent
Security 4.64 Very Great Extent
Maintainability 4.55 Very Great Extent
Portability 4.59 Very Great Extent
Category Mean 4.60 Very Great Extent

Table 2: Summary of the Software Evaluation in

Compliance with the ISO/IEC 25010 Criteria

As depicted in Table 2, when the developed system

was evaluated using the Likert scale, it received an overall
Fig. 4: Location of Aquaculture Farm
mean of 4.60, describing it as "Very Great Extent" in terms
As shown in figures 5 and 6, various commodities and of the ISO/IEC 25010 characteristics criteria extent of
culture types were mapped, and the most common compliance. The table also shows that security, usability,
commodities and culture types were displayed. A three- and reliability were the top five (5) most rated criteria
dimensional perspective diagram was also created to among the eight (8) ISO/IEC 25010 characteristics, with a
visually examine the geographical distribution of the mean of 4.67, 4.64, and 4.59, and were described as "Very
commodity and culture type that provides real-time Great Extent." Responses follow this in other criteria such as
information about aquaculture farms. system performance efficiency, functional suitability, and

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Volume 6, Issue 12, December – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
maintainability with a mean of 4.57, 4.56, and 4.55, all of cotton yield, water use, 532–557. Precision agriculture.
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ISSN No:-2456-2165
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