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8
RESEARCH
QUARTER 2
Week 2

CapSLET
Capsulized Self - Learning Empowerment
Toolkit
Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City
Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

SUBJECT & Research QUARTER 1 WEEK 7 DAY ______________________________

Written by: Marizon O. Librando

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GRADE/LEVEL Grade 8 dd/mm/yyyy

TOPIC Research Hypothesis
LEARNING 13. Describe the types of hypothesis.
COMPETENCY 14. Formulate research hypothesis. (SSP_RS8-HY-If-9)
IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on the
Learner’s Activity and Assessment Sheets provided separately.

UNDERSTAND
TYPES OF HYPOTHESIS AND FORMULATING HYPOTHESIS

SAQ-1: What is a hypothesis?

SAQ-2: How do you differentiate null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis?
SAQ-3: What are the two types of alternative hypothesis?

HOW DO YOU FORMULATE HYPOTHESIS?

1. Identify specifically the dependent variable and independent variable in your

study.
2. Be logical and precise in the language being used. Keep the words as
simple as possible. State hypothesis concisely and straight to the point.
Written by: Marizon O. Librando
3. Make sure that the stated hypothesis can be tested with research and
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SAQ-4: What are the things to remember in stating the research hypothesis?
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A researcher wanted to find out if the amount of organic fertilizer affects

the vertical growth of the plants. He planned on applying different amount of
organic fertilizer (10 g, 30g and 50g) on a lettuce plant.
Note: in this simple experiment, the independent variable is the
different amount of organic fertilizer (10g, 30g and 50g) while
the dependent variable is the vertical growth of the lettuce
plants which is referring to the height of the plant.
Null Hypothesis (Ho):
There is no significant difference in the vertical growth of the
lettuce plants when different amount of organic fertilizer was applied.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha):
There is a significant difference in the vertical growth of the
lettuce plants when different amount of organic fertilizer was applied.

Let’s Practice!
(Write your answer on the separate sheets provided.)

Read the following simple science experiments. State one null hypothesis and one
alternative hypothesis for each of the experiments.

1. Steven wanted to find out if the amount of light affects the growth of his snake
plants. He prepared three pots of same size of snake plants and placed them
at the 3 different areas. Pot 1 was placed outside the house where there is
direct exposure to light (sun). Pot 2 was place inside the house where there is
minimal amount of light present for the plant. Pot 3 was placed in a corner
where light (artificial and natural) is impossible for the plant to reach. What is
the possible null and alternative hypothesis for this experiment?

2. While reading a magazine, Jessica was able to cross on the concept/idea that
music affects the growth of the plants. She got curious and wanted to find out
more if what she had read is true. She used two same plants (same size) and
exposed one plant to music while the other plant was kept in a quiet place. She
records the height of the plant every 7 days. What are the possible null
hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for this experiment?

REMEMBER

 Hypothesis is a testable statement of what the researcher predicts to happen or

will be the outcome of the experiments or study.
 There are two forms of hypothesis which are usually written/included in a study:

Written by: Marizon O. Librando

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null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis.

 An alternative hypothesis emphasizes the significant relationship/different
between or among the variables used in the study while null hypothesis is the
exact opposite. This hypothesis states that there is no significant
difference/relationship between or among the variables being used in the study.
 In writing hypothesis, you should take note of the following:
 Identify specifically the independent and dependent variables in the
study
 State hypothesis in a simple and concise form
 Hypothesis should be testable and be proven through experiments and
research

TRY
Let’s see how much you have learned today!
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
(Write your answer on the Learner’s Activity and Assessment sheets.)

1. Which of the following is a characteristic of a well-written research

hypothesis?
A. Asks a pertinent question
C. Should be long and detailed
B. Based on researcher’s instinct
D. Is testable
2. This hypothesis proposes that there is no significant relationship between
the variables included in the study.
a. directional hypothesis
b. non-directional hypothesis
c. null hypothesis
d. alternative hypothesis

For question numbers 3 & 4, refer to the following choices:

A. Eggplant will grow best using horse manure than urea.
B. There is a significant difference between the effects of horse manure and
urea on the average height of an eggplant.
C. There is no significant difference between the effects of horse manure and
urea on the average height of an eggplant.
D. If there is a difference between the effects of horse manure and urea, then
the growth of eggplant will differ significantly in terms of its average height.

3. Which of the statement/s above is/are an example/s of a null hypothesis?

a. A only
b. B and D only
c. C only
d. A, B and D only

4. Which of the statement/s above is/are example/s of alternative hypothesis?

a. A, B and C only
b. B, C and D only

Written by: Marizon O. Librando

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c. A, B and D only
d. C, D and A only

5. Which hypothesis predicts the nature of effect of the independent variable on

the dependent variable?
a. Null Hypothesis
b. Alternative hypothesis
c. Directional Hypothesis
d. Non-directional Hypothesis

2020.Research Hypotheses. https://www.soas.ac.uk/cedep-

demos/000_P506_RM_3736-Demo/unit1/page_25.html

2020.Research Objective https://www.soas.ac.uk/cedep-

demos/000_P506_RM_3736-Demo/unit1/page_26.htm

2020.Examples of research statements.

https://www.soas.ac.uk/cedep-demos/000_P506_RM_3736-
Demo/unit1/page_27.htm

BF03337026.pdf.link.springer.com:https://link.springer.com/content/p
df/10.3758/BF03337026.pdf

Directional Hypothesis-SAGE Research Methods.

http://methods.sagepub.com/reference/encyc-of-research-
design/n114.xml

Directional Test (Directional Hypothesis)-Statistics How to.

https://www.statisticshowto.com/directional-test/
REFERENCE/S
Encyclopedia pf Research Design_Hypothesis.pdf.
http://web.utk.edu/~ewbrewer/pdf/encylopedia/Encyclopedia%20of
%20Research%20Design_Hypothesis.pdf

Nondirectional Hypotheses - SAGE Research Methods.

http://methods.sagepub.com/Reference/encyc-of-research-
design/n270.xml#:~:text=A%20nondirectional%20hypothesis
%20is%20a,used%20in%20statistical%20significance
%20testing.&text=In%20contrast%2C%20a%20directional
%20alternative,null%20value%2C%20but%20not%20b

Non-Directional Hypothesis/Topics/Psychology/tutor2u.2020.
https://www.tutor2u.net/psychology/topics/non-directional-
hypothesis

What is Hypothesis?/Simply Psychology.

https://www.simplypsychology.org/what-is-a-hypotheses.html

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of which has not been specifically authorized by the copyright
DISCLAIMER owner. We are developing this CapSLET in our efforts to provide
printed and e-copy learning resources available for the learners in
reference to the learning continuity plan of this division in this time
Written by: Marizon O. Librando

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of pandemic.
This material is not intended for uploading nor for commercial
use but purely for educational purposes and for the utilization of
Zamboanga City Division only.

Written by: Marizon O. Librando

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”