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Apparatus:: Use The Vernier Caliper To Measure The Dimension of Pins

The document describes how to use a Vernier caliper to measure the dimensions of pins. It explains that a Vernier caliper allows for more precise measurements than a standard scale by using two scales: a main scale and an adjustable Vernier scale. The procedure outlines cleaning the caliper and the workpiece, positioning the jaws, tightening the screws, reading the measurement, and recording or marking the measurement. Calculations are shown for finding the least count of 0.02 mm and example measurements of pins, bars, and an L-shape are reported to the hundredths place.

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itezaz ahmed
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364 views

Apparatus:: Use The Vernier Caliper To Measure The Dimension of Pins

The document describes how to use a Vernier caliper to measure the dimensions of pins. It explains that a Vernier caliper allows for more precise measurements than a standard scale by using two scales: a main scale and an adjustable Vernier scale. The procedure outlines cleaning the caliper and the workpiece, positioning the jaws, tightening the screws, reading the measurement, and recording or marking the measurement. Calculations are shown for finding the least count of 0.02 mm and example measurements of pins, bars, and an L-shape are reported to the hundredths place.

Uploaded by

itezaz ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No 1

Use the Vernier caliper to measure the dimension of pins.

Apparatus:
 Vernier Caliper
 Pins

Theory:

What is Vernier Caliper?


Vernier caliper is used to measure the dimensions of the given specimen like diameter (Outer Diameter and Inner
diameter), length and depth, etc. very accurately that's the reason it is also called as Precision Measuring Instrument.
Diagram:
Vernier caliper is a measuring instrument consisting of an L-shaped frame with a linear scale along its longer arm  and an
L-shaped sliding attachment with a Vernier, used to read directly the dimension of an object represented by the
separation between the inner or outer edges of the two shorter arms.

Parts of Vernier Caliper:


The main elements of the vernier caliper are the
 Main Scale
 Vernier scale
 Thumbscrew
 Lock screw
 Depth Rod
 Fixed jaw, and
 Sliding jaw
The Principle of Vernier Caliper:
A scale cannot measure objects which are smaller than 1mm but a vernier caliper can measure objects up to 1mm. As
already know that vernier caliper has two scales the main scale and the vernier scale together this arrangement is used
to measure very small lengths like 0.1mm.
Vernier Caliper Least Count:
Least count of vernier caliper is the smallest value that we can measure from this device. To calculate the least count of
vernier caliper is the value of one main scale division divided by the total number of division on the vernier scale.

value of one main scale division


Least count=
total no of dividsion on veriner scale

Vernier Caliper Zero Error:


Zero error in the vernier caliper is a mathematical error due to which, the zero of the vernier scale does not coincide
with the zero of the main scale.

Types of Zero Error:


There are three types of zero error.
 No Zero Error
 Positive Zero Error
 Negative Zero Error
No Zero Error:
In no zero error, when we bring two jaws together. You will see zero of the Main scale is coinciding with the zero of the
vernier scale. they are exactly in a straight line so this vernier caliper is free from zero error or you can say there is no
zero error in this vernier caliper.

Positive Zero Error:


In positive zero error, Let’s bring these jaws together. you see, the zero of vernier scale is ahead of main scale zero. Or
you can say zero of vernier scale is at the right side of main scale zero.

Negative Zero Error:


In negative zero error, we will bring the two jaws together. Here you can see zero of vernier scale is the back side of
main scale zero. Or to the left of main scale zero.
Procedure:
1. Clean both the part and the caliper completely so that it is free from burrs and other obstacles.

2. Loose clamping screws on both sliding jaws. Set the sliding jaw slightly larger than measurable features.

3. Clamp nut carries to the beam. Snug up but do not lock the clamping screw on the movable jaw.

4. Place the fixed jaw in contact with the reference point of the part feature.

5. Align the beam of the caliper in both planes to be almost parallel to the line of measurements as much as
possible.

6. Turn the adjusting nut so that movable jaw just touches the part.

7. Tighten clamp screw on the movable jaw without disturbing the feel between the caliper and the part.

8. Read in place without disturbing part of a caliper, if possible, otherwise remove the caliper.

9. Record the reading on paper, mark on the part, or part drawing.

10. Repeat the measurement steps a sufficient number of times to rule out any obviously incorrect reading and
average the others for the desired measurement.

11. Loosen both clamps, slides movable jaw open, remove work, if not already done.

12. Clean, lubricate, and replace instruments in its box.

13. Check yourself, what errors may remain in my measurement.

Observation & Calculations:


value of one main scale division
Least count=
total no of dividsion on veriner scale
1
Least count= =0.02 mm
50
Main Scale Vernier Scale Total Reading
Reading Reading Main scale Reading + Vernier scale
Reading
( Length of pin ) 77 mm (45 mm) × 0.02 = 0.9 mm 77 + 0.9 = 77.9 mm
( Length of bar ) 62 mm 5 mm × 0.02 = 0.1 mm 62 + 0.1 = 62.1 mm
( Length of L-shape) 44 mm 31 mm × 0.02 = 0.62 mm 44 + 0.62 = 44.62mm

Comments:
 Vernier calipers are rugged and have long-lasting accuracy.
 The human eye can easily detect this alignment of lines which is the main fact that drives a Vernier caliper.

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