TOEFL for

(Structure and Written Expression)

1. When __ from milk, the remainder is called skim (A) to transport

milk. (B) transported
(A) all the butterfat is removed (C) for transportation
(B) removing all the butterfat that (D) that transported
(C) is all the butterfat removed
(D) the removal of all the butterfat 9. Insulin is manufactured by specialized cells in the
pancreas and released __ glucose reaches a
2. The Buffalo River in Arkansas was designated __ certain concentration in the bloodstream.
in 1972. (A) which
(A) A national river and (B) whenever
(B) Which a national river (C) how
(C) a national river (D) during
(D) being a national river
10. One of the basic principles of wildlife
3. Much of northern Canada lies within the Arctic conservation involves __ adequate natural food
Circle, and __ ice or the sparse vegetation and shelter to maintain populations of each
known as tundra. species in a given habitat.
(A) it is permanently covered by (A) the provision
(B) by permanently it is covered (B) that provision
(C) is permanently covered by it (C) to provide
(D) it is covered by permanently (D) providing

4. Manipulation of the spinal column, massage, and 11. In 1974 the space probe Mariner 10 discovered
dietary adjustments __ used in chiropractic __ Mercury‟s surface is cratered by meteorite
therapy. impacts.
(A) the principal methods are (A) that the planet
(B) are the principal methods (B) of the planet
(C) how are the principal methods (C) the planet that
(D) are there the principal methods (D) which planet is

5. Giant corporations __ to dominate the United 12.In the diurnal type of tidal oscillation, the
States economy in the late nineteenth century, alternate rise and fall of sea level, a single high
grew steadily larger during the 1920%. water and a single low water occur __ tidal day.
(A) which began (A) each
(B) in which began (B) each of
(C) they began (C) each of the
(D) which they began (D) of each

6. The tradition of the bowhead whale hunt __ back 14. By focusing on the interesting, __ the
a thousand years and is a vital part of Inuit significant, the penny press newspapers of the
culture. 1830‟s helped to change the concept of news.
(A) goes (A) which does not necessarily
(B) if it goes (B) not necessarily
(C) gone (C) was not necessarily
(D) that went (D) nor necessarily being

7.__ the son of an impoverished farmer, was born 15. Documentary evidence supports claims that __
on Long Island. the New World about AD 1000.
(A)The poet was Walt Whitman (A) reached the Vikings
(B)When the poet Walt Whitman (B) the Vikings reached
(C)The poet Walt Whitman (C) reaching the Vikings
(D)That the poet Walt Whitman (D) the Vikings that reached

8. The primary digestive function of the throat and

esophagus is __ swallowed materials from the
mouth to the stomach.
Written Expression

16. Fog and mist, like clouds, can formed only in

the presence of dust particles. 29. Four different types of remembering are
ordinarily distinguished by psychologists:
17. The Spanish claiming title to all of North recollection, recall, recognize, and relearning.
America and established the oldest city in the
United States, St. Augustine, Florida, in 1565. 30. Harbors are protected areas of water that can be
used the transfer of passengers and cargo
18. The federal system of government in Canada is between ships shore.
similar to it of the United States.
31. Fossil remains reveal that the farther back in
19. It may be argued that genetics, the study of time an animal lived, the smaller than was its
heredity and variation, underwent the most brain in proportion to the size of its skull.
rapid development of any science biological in
the twentieth century. 32. As do all insects, a butterfly has a hard outer
covering, called it an exoskeleton, that both
20. Music involves the interaction of three supports and protects the body.
elements: rhythm, melodic, and harmony.
33. In the early 1900‟s Pennsylvania‟s industries
21. The Medicare program was established in 1965 grew rapidly, a growth sometimes
to helping elderly United States citizens pay accompanied by disputes labor.
the increasing cost of health care.
34. Also known as a movie or a film, the motion
22. Researchers have found subtle neurological picture is one of the most popular form of art
differences between the brains of men and and entertainment throughout the world.
women either in physical structure and in the
way they function. 35. The soil in which coffee is grown must be rich,
moisture, and absorbent enough to accept
23. Scientists have traditionally classified plants by water readily, but sufficiently loose to allow
grouping them according to similarities in their rapid drainage.
overall appear, their internal structure, and the
form of their reproductive organs. 36. A merger is achieved when a company
purchased the property of other firms, thus
24. Geometric figures first appeared more than absorbing them into one corporate structure
15,000 years ago in both practically and that retain its original identity.
decorative forms, such as shapes of buildings,
cave paintings, and decorations on pottery. 37. Under the certain conditions, a rainbow appears
at the end of a rain shower in the quarter of the
25. In the early nineteenth century, the Cherokee sky opposite the Sun.
nation of American Indians was adopted a
written constitution based on that of the United 38. During the nineteenth century the molecular
States. theory of matter was developed, which
considered all matter to be composed of tiny,
26. The able of writers to precisely record indivisible entity called molecules.
observations made about others enables them
to include in their work a great deal of material 39. A cardinal role for players of the lute, a stringed
outside their own experience. instrument, are that every note is sustained for
as long as possible.
27. In Connecticut, hundreds of houses dating from
the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries are 40. It was the split of eleven southern states from
preserved by more as 100 local or national the Union in 1861 that leading to the Civil War
historical societies. in the United States.

28. In 1899 Mary Elizabeth Brown donated hers

collection of over 200 musical instruments to
the Metropolitan Museum of art.
 TOEFL TEST 1

1. Ellen Swallow Richards became the first (A) Beginning

woman to enter, graduate from, and………..at (B) He began
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (C) Having begun
(A) teach (D) The beginning was
(B) a teacher
(C) who taught 9. …………., the sails of a distant ship are visible
(D) to teach before the body of the ship.
(A) The curve of the Earth makes
2. Coins last approximately twenty (B) The Earth, in that it curves, makes
times……….paper bills. (C) Because the curve of the Earth.
(A) Longer (D) Because of the curve of the Earth
(B) As long
(C) Long 10. Printing ink is made…………..of a paste that is
(D) Longer than applied to the printing surface with rollers.
3. It has been estimated that…………species of (A) To form
animals. (B) The form
(A) More than a million (C) In the form
(B) It is a million or more (D) So that it forms
(C) There are over a million
(D) Are over a million of 11. Although………….cold climates, they can
thrive in hot, dry climates as well.
4. Dr. Seuss, ………..was Theodor Seuss Geisel, (A) Sheep adapted well
wrote and illustrated delightfully humorous (B) Well-adapted sheep
books for children. (C) Sheep, well adapted to
(A) His real name (D) Sheep are well adapted to
(B) Who had as his real name
(C) With his real name 12. Rarely…………seen far from water.
(D) Whose real name (A) Spotted turtles
(B) Spotted turtles are
5. ………….American landscape architects was (C) Are spotted turtles
Hideo Sasaki. (D) Have spotted turtles
(A) The most famous one of
(B) One of the most famous 13. ………one of Laura Ingalls Wilder‟s many
(C) Of the one most famous books about the American frontier are based on
(D) The one most famous of her awn childhood experiences.
(A) Except
(B) All but
6. Most young geese leave their nests at an early (C) Without
age, and young snow geese are (D) Not only
……….exception.
(A) Not 14. One of the first industries to be affected by the
(B) No Industrial Revolution…………
(C) None (A) Was the textile industry
(D) Never (B) The textile industry
(C) In the textile industry
7. Vancouver, British Columbia, has a temperate (D) The textile industry was
for a city situated ……….far north.
(A) as 15. …………the outer rings of a gyroscope are
(B) so turned or twisted, the gyroscope itself continues
(C) very to spin in exactly the same position.
(D) by (A) However
(B) Somehow
8. ………….in 1849, Manuel, A. Alonso recorded (C) Otherwise
the customs, language, and songs of the people (D) No matter
of Puerto Rico in his poetry and prose.
 TOEFL TEST 2

1. Quasars __________ emitting extremely intense (D) new dance is the twist
radio waves and visible radiation.
(A) Star-like objects are 9. In sculpture __________”modeling” denotes a
(B) Star-like, they are objects way of shaping clay, wax, or other pliable
(C) are star-like objects materials.
(D) are they star-like objects (A) to the term
(B) is termed
2. Mary Cassatt specialized __________ mothers (C) the term
with their children. (D) to term
(A) painted
(B) who painted 10. The capacity for flight __________insects from
(C) paintings the other invertebrates.
(D) in painting (A) to distinguish
(B) distinguishes
3. Gorillas are quiet animals, __________ they are (C) which distinguishes
able to make about twenty different sounds. (D) distinguishing
(A) how
(B) in spite of 11. Although pecans are most plentiful in the
(C) because of southeastern part of the United States, they are
(D) even though found __________ Ohio and Illinois.
(A) far north
4. From 1946 to 1949, __________ William Henry (B) north as far
Hastie served as governor of the Virgin (C) farthest north
Islands. (D) as far north as
(A) the lawyer
(B) he was the lawyer 12. __________ of caffeine can result in
(C) the lawyer who restlessness, insomnia, and even delirium.
(D) was the lawyer (A) Consuming in excess
(B) Excessive consumption
5. __________ struck, a tuning fork produces an (C) To consume excessively
almost pure tone, retaining its pitch over a long (D) The consumption excessive
period of time.
(A) When is it 13. Considered one of the leading poets in America
(B) One is today,__________.
(C) When it is (A) a number of books and plays have also been
(D) Is one written by Sonia Sanchez
(B) Sonia Sanchez has also written a number of
6. __________ one time, Manchester, New books and plays
Hampshire, was the home of the most (C) A number of Sonia Sanchez books and
productive cotton mills in the world. plays have been written
(A) On (D) There have been a number of books and
(B) At plays written by Sonia Sanchez
(C) By
(D) To 14. Variables such as individual and corporate
behavior __________ nearly impossible for
7. The edible tube mushroom __________ a economists to forecast economic trends with
cushion-like, moist cap that is light brown or precision.
darkish red. (A) make
(A) which has (B) make it
(B) to have (C) it makes
(C) having (D) makes it
(D) has
15. __________ by transferring the blame to others
8. In 1961 the entertainer Chubby Checker is often called scapegoating.
introduced a __________ to New York‟s (A) Eliminate problems
rock‟n „ roll fans. (B) The eliminated problems
(A) new dance, the twist (C) Eliminating problems
(B) twist, was the new dance (D) Problems are eliminated
(C) twist, the new dance that
 TOEFL TEST 3

1. Resin is a substance that ---in water. (A) and becomes

(A) does not dissolve (B) became
(B) do not dissolve (C) becoming
(C) not dissolving (D) to become
(D) not dissolved
9. --- that of iron construction, the technology for
2. ---hardiness, daylilies can be cultivated constructing buildings with reinforced concrete
particularly easily. developed rather rapidly.
(A) Their (A) Dissimilar
(B) Since their (B) Different
(C) It is their (C) Not likely
(D) Because of their (D) Unlike

3. A biologist does not merely describe organisms, 10. Although adult education in the United States
but tries to learn ---act as they do. began in colonial times, --- chief growth has
(A) what cause them to taken place since the 1920‟s.
(B) causes them to what (A) its
(C) what to cause them (B) so it
(D) what does to them (C) but its
(D) it is
4. Vaporization in connection with general --- has a
marked effect on long – term climate. 11. Hot objects emit --- do cold objects.
(A) atmospheric conditions that (A) rays more than infrared
(B) conditions are atmospheric (B) rays are more infrared than
(C) are atmospheric conditions (C) more than infrared rays
(D) atmospheric conditions (D) more infrared rays than

5. The oldest city in the state, --- . 12. An Olympic marathon is 26 miles and 385
(A) the Hudson‟s Bay Company founded yards, approximately --- from Marathon to
Vancouver, Washington, in the early Athens.
nineteenth century (A) the distance is
(B) the founding of Vancouver, Washington, by (B) that the distance is
the Hudson‟s Bay Company in the early (C) is that the distance
nineteenth century (D) the distance
(C) Vancouver, Washington, was founded by
the Hudson‟s Bay Company in the early 13. Although --- rigid, bones exhibit a degree of
nineteenth century elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand
(D) In the early nineteenth century with the considerable impact.
founding of Vancouver, Washington, by the (A) apparently
Hudson‟s Bay Company (B) are apparently
(C) apparently their
6. --- raw materials into useful products is called (D) are they apparently
manufacturing.
(A) Transform 14. One of the oldest types of aesthetic theory is that
(B) Transforming of formism, --- .
(C) Being transformed (A) reference to the imitation theory is popular
(D) When transforming (B) the imitation theory is popularly referred to
(C) is the reference to the popular imitation
7. Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that theory
he would rather be remembered as a teacher of (D) popularly referred to as the imitation theory
the deaf ---of the telephone.
(A) than inventing 15. A panda‟s primary activity is sleep, --- its
(B) than as the inventor waking hours looking for food.
(C) the invention (A) that it spends
(D) as the inventor (B) for spending
(C) and it spends
8. Because its leaves remain green long after being (D) will spend
picked, rosemary --- associated with the idea of
remembrance.
 TOEFL TEST 4

1. Orchestral instruments --- under the following

types: strings, woodwind, brass, and percussion. 9. Research into the dynamics of storms is directed
(A) grouped toward improving the ability to predict these
(B) can group events --- to minimize damage and avoid loss of
(C) can be grouped life.
(D) to be grouped (A) and thus
(B) so
2.--- depressions in the ocean floor are called (C) however
trenches. (D) because
(A) There are the deep
(B) Are the deep 10. --- lived on the North Saskatchewan River long
(C) Where deep before the Hudson‟s Bay Company built a fur
(D) Deep trading post there.
(A) Cree people
3. In the course of her life, Mary Anne Sadlier ---, (B) For Cree people
some fifty of them original novels and (C) It was Cree people
collections of stories. (D) Where Cree people
(A) Produced nearly sixty books
(B) Produced sixty books nearly 11. --- has been a topic of continual geological
(C) Nearly sixty books produced research.
(D) Sixty books nearly produced (A) Did the continents originate
(B) How did the continents originate
4.--- xenon could not form chemical compounds (C) Have the continents originated
was once believed by scientists. (D) How the continents originated
(A) For
(B) It was 12. Because the papaya grows readily from seed, ---
(C) That spread from its home in Central America and
(D) While now grows throughout the tropics.
(A) to be
5.Eastern meadowlarks abound in places ---, but eat (B) it
harmful insects rather than grain. (C) the
(A) land is cultivated there (D) its
(B) there is land cultivated
(C) where land is cultivated 13. The elimination of inflation would ensure that
(D) where is cultivated land the amount of money used in repaying a loan
would have ---as the amount of money
6.Amplifiers such as those in computers and sound borrowed.
–reproducing systems are responsible for --- an (A) as the same value
erratic input signal. (B) the same value
(A) strengthening (C) value as the same
(B) being strengthened (D) the value is the same
(C) strengthen
(D) to strengthen 14. Futurism, ---early twentieth-century movement
in art, rejected all traditions and attempted to
7.--- John Aaron Lewis pioneered in the glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the
development of “third stream music,”a blend of machine and motion.
jazz and classical music. (A) an
(A) A composer, who was (B) was an
(B) He was a composer (C) that it was an
(C) As a composer (D) that an
(D) When a composer he
15. All living organisms constantly absorb carbon
8.In reorganizing the curriculum of Mt. Holyoke 14 ---their existence.
College in the late 1800‟s Elizabeth Mead laid (A) out
the foundation --- the modern college rests. (B) about
(A) is which (C) around
(B) on which (D) throughout
(C) which is on
(D) on it
 TOEFL TEST 5

1. ---a bicameral, or two-chamber parliament. (C) Moreover

(A) Canada has (D) While
(B) Having Canada
(C) Because Canada has 9. John Lone‟s physical grace and ---age, sex, and
(D) That Canada is having culture make him an extraordinary performer.
(A) his ability to transcend
2. ---time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the (B) is able to transcend the
hands of their characters with only three fingers (C) the transcending ability
and a thumb. (D) with his ability transcending
(A) Saved
(B) Saves 10. Before ---of synthetic dyes, yarns were often
(C) To save colored by dyes obtained from natural vegetable
(D) The saving and mineral matter.
(A) introducing
3. The recent discovery of a novel by Harriet (B) introduction
Wilson, published in 1859, ---a landmark in (C) the introduction
Black American literature. (D) introducing that
(A) has brought to light
(B) light to brought has 11. Ducks have been domesticated for many
(C) brought to light has centuries ---commercially for their meat and
(D) has light to brought eggs.
(A) raised
4. ---telescopes of the 1600‟s magnified objects (B) and are raised
thirty-three times their original size. (C) raised as
(A) That the (D) are raised
(B) The
(C) This is the 12. Maggie Lena Walker, an insurance and banking
(D) Being where the executive, ---and spent her entire life in
Richmond, Virginia.
5. Thyme, ---, yields a medicinal oil containing (A) and was brought up
thymol. (B) brought up with
(A) a fragrant garden herb (C) who was brought up
(B) garden herb which is fragrant (D) was brought up
(C) fragrant garden herb
(D) is an herb in a fragrant garden 13. The activities of the international marketing
researcher are frequently much broader than ---.
6. Until the ninth century, written words were not (A) the domestic marketer has
actually separated, ---in some literary writing, (B) the domestic marketer does
dots or points were used to indicate divisions. (C) those of the domestic marketer
(A) in spite of (D) that which has the domestic marketer
(B) contrary
(C) contrast to 14. Mercury differs from other industrial metals ---it
(D) but is a liquid.
(A) whereas
7. Nutritionists ---goat milk to be rich, nourishing, (B) in that
and readily digested. (C) because of
(A) consider (D) consequently
(B) is considered
(C) are considered 15. In black verse ---of ten syllables, five of which
(D) considering are accented.
(A) line consists of each
8. ---conventional black ink costs newspapers about (B) consists of each line
thirty cents a pound, most rub-resistant inks add (C) each line consists
at least ten cents more per pound to the bill. (D) it consists of each line
(A) Furthermore
(B) Meanwhile
 TOEFL TEST 1
(Written Expressions)

16. Not woman held a presidential cabinet position 28. Benjamin Franklin drew a political cartoon that
in the United States until 1933, when Frances is credited raising 10,000 volunteers for the
Perkins became secretary of labor. American Revolutionary War.

17. The human body relies on certainty nutrients for 29. The begins of the modern chemistry laboratory
its survival. go back to the workrooms of medieval
lchemists.
18. Too much electric current may flow into a
circuit as a result either of a fault in the circuit 30. In many pieces of music there is a dominant
and of an outside event such as lightning. theme on which the restful of the composition
is centered.
19. The Appalachian Trail, extending approximately
2,020 miles from Maine to Georgia, is the 31. Luminescence refers to the emission of light by
longer continuous marked footpath in the means another than heat.
world.
32.In a representative democracy, the people
20. For years, elephants were hunted for food and election delegates to an assembly.
ivory, and as a result theirs numbers have been
greatly reduced. 33.George Washington Carver found hundred of
uses for the peanut, the sweet potato, and the
21. Barges which carrier most of the heavy freight soybean and thus stimulated the cultivation of
on rivers and canals are usually propelled by these crops.
towing.
34. A citadel, a fortress designed for the defense of
22. Although afflicted by serious eyesight problems, a city, usually standed on top of a hill.
Alicia Alonso was one the principal stars of the
American Ballet Theater and later formed her 35. Conservative philosophers argue that the very
own dance company. structure of society is threatening by civil
disobedience, while humanists stress the
23. The ritual combat of animals are triggered by primacy of the individual conscience.
precise signals.
36. Since 1971 the regional corporations set up in
24. It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and Alaska by Congress managing everything from
effective than to employ flowery but vague fishing to banking.
expressions that only obscure one‟s meaning.
37. A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most
25. Different species of octopuses may measure rockets carry a supply that last just a few
anywhere from two inches to over thirty feet in seconds.
long.
38. Textile art is known for both its tactile and
26. According to some theories derived from vision qualities.
psychoanalysis, life is supposedly easier and
mo re pleasant when inhibitions overcoming. 39. The metal aluminum has been first isolated early
in the nineteenth century.
27. When rainbows appear, they are always in the
part of the sky opposite directly the Sun. 40. Gulls can often be see swooping over large
bodies of water
.
 TOEFL TEST 2

16. The boiled point of any liquid is determined by 29. Although it is any longer the big business that it
the pressure of the surrounding gases. was in the forties, radio continues to be a
medium of essential communication, especially
17. The Ranger spacecraft it provided more than at the local level.
17,000 pictures of the moon.
30. The field of dynamics in physics is concerned
18. Many people who live in New York City thinks with a particle‟s motion in relation to the
that life in a large city offers special forces acting it.
advantages.
31. In the United States, both the federal and state
19. The scientific revolution of the early 1900‟s governments have laws designed to guard
affected education by change the nature of consumers against deceptive advertise.
technology.
32. Gore Vidal has steadily pursue a literary career
20. Meadowlarks are about the same size than remarkable for its productivity, versatility, and
robins, but they have heavier bodies, shorter unpredictability.
tails, and longer bills.
33. When overall exports exceed imports, a country
21. On May 20,1932, Amelia Earhart became the said to have a trade surplus.
first woman fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.
34. Instructors at the school of American Ballet first
22. Translated into terms of psychological theory, examine a young applicant‟s instep to see
association has been thought of as the basis of whether it is pliant and shows promising of a
to learn, conditioning, and creative thinking. good arch.

23. The Statue of Liberty was originally proposed in 35. Anthropologists agree that our primitive
1865 to commemoration the alliance of France ancestors who inhabited the tropics probably
with the American colonies during the have natural protection against the sun.
American Revolution.
36. Behavior modification techniques work best
24. Reptiles are widely distributed all over the with problems that manifest itself in overt
world, but are much abundant in warm regions actions.
and are virtually absent beyond the treeline in
the Arctic. 37. Because they are generally taken simply to
obtain a recognizable and relatively clear
25. Alike light waves, microwaves may be reflected image, most nonprofessional photographs
and concentrated. demand few equipment.

26. Industrial buyers are responsible for supplying 38. At birth, an infant exhibits a remarkable number
the goods and services that an organization of motor response.
required for its operations.
39. Common to North America, those cinnamon
27. The most easiest process for mining gold is fern is found in wet places.
panning, which involves using a circular dish
with a small pocket at the bottom. 40. The origins of the Democratic party is often
traced to the coalition formed behind Thomas
28. Farm animals have been regardless by nearly all Jefferson in the 1790‟s to resist the policies of
societies as a valuable economic resource. George Washington‟s administration.
 TOEFL TEST 3

16. Abraham Lincoln delivery his most famous

address at the dedication of the soldiers 29. The waterwheel is a mechanism designed to
cemetery in Gettysburg. harness energy from a source instead than
animals.
17. Stalagmites are produced when water to
drop directly to the floor of a cave. 30. If they are prepared skillfully, soybeans
they can be appetizing as well as
18. Regulation of public utilities in the United nutritious.
States is carried out by locally, state, and
federal governments. 31. Studies of either vision and physical optics
began almost as early as civilization itself.
19. The poet Marianne Moore was initially
associated with the imagist movement, but 32. James Whitcomb Riley, the “Hoosier Poet,”
later develops her own rhyme patterns and wrote many of his work in standard
verse forms. English,but he wrote his most popular
poems in the dialect of his home state,
20. The most worst economic reversal of the Indiana.
twentieth century, the Great Depression of
the 1930‟s, began in the United states and 33. The city of Green Bay, established in 1745,
spread abroad. was the first permanent settler in
Wisconsin.
21. Many narcotic plants and its products, such
as nicotine, are effective in controlling 34. Whichever they may differ widely in
insects. function, all cells have a surrounding
membrane and an internal, water-rich
22. In some occupations, the computer has substance called cytoplasm.
already replaced the motor vehicle as the
principal conserve of time and laboring. 35. Booker T. Washington, an educational
leader, worked throughout the lifetime to
23. Farming becomes more expensive when improve economic conditions for Black
farmers are forced to apply greater people in the United States.
quantities of costly fertilizers for to sustain
yields. 36. In the Middle Ages, books called bestiaries
were prepared in an attempt to describe
24. The metaphors we use routinely are the animals, real or imagine, that exemplified
means which by we describe our everyday human traits.
experiences.
37. Pumps can operate under pressures ranging
25. Scientists finding out that the universe is between a fraction of a pound to more than
even larger and more complex than anyone 10,000 pounds per square inch.
has ever imagined.
38. Approximately fifty percent of the package
26. Because their properties differ from those of utilized in the United States are for foods
their constituents, proper alloys can great and beverages.
increase the corrosion resistance of a
metal. 39. Whether as statesman, scientist, and
philosopher, Benjamin Franklin was
27. The ability to retain a mental record of destined to gain lasting honor throughout
earlier experiences are referred to as much of the world.
“memory”.
40. A traditional Halloween decoration is a
28. The aging process is not entirely determined jack-o-lantern, which is a hollowed-out
by heredity, but is influenced by different pumpkin with a scary face cut into them.
environmental and social circumstances as
good.
 TOEFL TEST 4

16. Porcelain is not a single clay, and a

compound of kaolin, ball clay, feldspar, 29. To produce one pound of honey, a colony
and silica. of bees must fly a distance equals to twice
around the world.
17. The bison, know for the hump over its
shoulders, is usually called a buffalo in 30. The domestic dog, considered to be the first
North America. tamed animal, is coexisting with human
beings since the days of the cave dwellers.
18. Perspiration, the body‟s built-in cooling
mechanism occurs as a natural reaction to 31. Nature not only gave the Middle Atlantic
nervousness, intense heat, or vigorously region fine harbors, however endowed it
exercise. with a first-class system of inland
waterways.
19. Because of the rising cost of fuel, scientists
are building automobile engines who will 32. All matter resists any change in their
conserve gasoline but still run smoothly. condition of rest or of motion.

20. The primary function of a sonometer is to 33. Swans, noted for graceful movements in the
calculate and demonstrate the relations water, have been the subject of many
mathematical of melodious tones. poetry, fairy tales, legends, and musical
compositions.
21. The most useful way of looking at a map is
not as a piece of papers, but as a record of 34. Since peach trees bloom very early in the
geographically organized information. season, they are in danger for spring frosts.

22. The most useful way of looking at a map is 35. Like some other running birds, the
not as a piece of papers, but as a record of sanderling lacks a back toe and has a
geographically organized information. three-toed feet.

23. Vitamin A is essential to bone grow and to 36. Lucretia Mott‟s influence was too
the healthiness of the skin and mucous significant that she has been credited by
membranes. some authorities as the originator of
feminism in the United States.
24. The Moon, being much more nearer to the
Earth than the Sun, is the principal cause 37. Large bodies of water and the prevalence of
of the tides. moisture-bearing winds often produce a
condition of tall humidity, affecting the
25. One of the wildest and most inaccessible local weather.
parts of the United States are the
Everglades where wildlife is abundant and 38. Manganese does not exist naturally in a
largely protected. pure state because it reacts so easily with
other element.
26. The dromedary camel is raised especially to
racing. 39. Scientists estimate that as many as hundred
millions visible meteors enter the Earth‟s
27. The founding of the Boston Library in 1653 atmosphere every day.
demonstrate the early North American
colonists interest in books and libraries. 40. Although not abundant in nature, zinc is
important for both the galvanization of
28. Public recognition of Ben Shahn as a major iron and the preparation of alloys as such
American artistic began with a brass and German silver.
retrospective show of his work in 1948.
 TOEFL TEST 5

16. Some art historians have say that too many the early twentieth century to win
artists have tried only to imitate previous politically and legal rights for Canadian
painting styles. women.

17. Inventor Granville Woods received him 30. Metabolism consists of a complicated series
first patent on January 3, 1984, for a steam of chemicals reactions carried out by
boiler furnace. living cells.

18. Throughout history, shoes have been worn 31. Duke Ellington was the first person to
not only for protection and also for compose extended jazz works and gives
decoration. regular jazz concerts.

19. Worker bees labor for the good of the hive 32. Seismology has not reached yet the stage
by collecting food, caring for the young, where earthquakes can be foretold with a
and to expand the nest. great deal of accuracy.

20. Pathologists use their knowing of body 33. The design of the University of Virginia
tissues and body fluids to aid other came at the end of Thomas Jefferson‟s
physicians. long career as theoretician, statesman, and
architecture.
21. Objects falling freely n a vacuum have the
same rate of speed is regardless of 34. At night the desert floor radiates heat back
differences in size and weight. into the atmosphere and the temperature
may be drop to near freezing.
22. The construction of sundials was considered
to be an acceptable part of a student‟s 35. Although they are in different countries,
educator as late as the seventeenth century. Windsor, Ontario and Detroit, Michigan
are close neighbors and cooperate on
23. Historians have never reached some general numerous matters of mutually interest.
agreement about the precise causes of the
Civil War in the United States. 36. First incorporated in 1871, Dallas, Texas,
had become the seventh largest cities in
24. Of all the Native Americans in the United the United States by 1976.
States, the Navajos from largest group.
37. Will Rogers was widely recognized for his
25. A neutron star forms when a star much daily newspaper column, in which he
more massive than the Sun dies and humorously criticized and commented in
exploded. the politics of his time.

26. A thorough study of mythology requires 38. The free silver movement, promoting
familiarity for the properties of properties unlimited silver coinage, gained
of plants and trees, and the habits of wild prominent, in the late 1800‟s.
birds and beasts.
39. The continental divide refers to an
27. Quartz may be transparency, translucent, or imaginary line in the North American
opaque, and it may be colorless or colored. Rockies that divides the waters flowing into
the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the
28. In an adult human, the skin weighs about Pacific.
seven pounds and covers it about thirty-six
square feet. 40. The Petrified Forest of eastern Arizona are
made up of tree trunks that were buried in
29. A leading Canadian feminist and author, mud, sand, or volcanic ash ages ago and
Nellie McClung, struggled relentlessly in have turned to stone.
 Post Test
(Structure and written Expression)

1. Wind motion can be observed in the mesosphere (B) Whereas

by _____ the trails of meteors passing through (C) Which
it. (D) Whether
(A) to watch
(B) watching 9. Many modern photographers attempt to
(C) watched manipulate elements of photography other
(D) watch _____ in their photographs.
(A) than light is
2. Thomas Edison‟s first patented invention was a (B) than light
device_____ in Congress. (C) being light
(A) votes counted for (D) light
(B) had been counting votes
(C) for counting vote 10. For any adhesive to make a really strong bond,
(D) be a counted vote _____ to be glued must be absolutely clean and
free from moisture or grease.
3. Clara Bow, a popular actress in the 1920‟s, (A) and surfaces
retired _____ she was unable to make the (B) when surfaces
transition from silent films to sound films. (C) the surfaces
(A) nevertheless (D) surfaces that
(B) in spite of
(C) because 11. Although still underwater, Loihi Seamount, the
(D) and for newest Hawaiian island, _____ closer to the
surface by frequent volcanic eruptions that add
4. Built in 1882, the Kinzua Viaduct in Mckean layers of lava to the island.
County, Pennsylvania, is open only to those (A) brought
visitors _____ are able to walk its 2,058 - foot (B) to be brought
length. (C) being brought
(A) who (D) is being brought
(B) to whom
(C) which they 12. _____ unstable and explodes as a supernova is
(D) that which not known.
(A) For a star to become
5. A bridge must be strong enough to support its (B) How a star becomes
own weight _____ the weight of the people and (C) A star becomes
vehicles that use it. (D) That a star is becoming
(A) as well
(B) so well 13. Not until linoleum was invented in 1860 _____
(C) as well as hard - wearing, easy - to - clean flooring.
(D) so well as (A) any house did have
(B) did any house have
6. The swallows of Capistrano are famous _____ to (C) house had any
the same nests in California each spring. (D) any house had
(A) to return
(B) who returned 14. Hiram Revels, the first Black member of the
(C) they returned United States Senate, served as senator from
(D) for returning Mississippi, an office _____ he was elected in
1870.
7. In the fourteenth century, _____ that glass coated (A) which
with silver nitrate would turn yellow when fired (B) to which
in an oven. (C) and which
(A) the discovery (D) being which
(B) it was discovered
(C) with the discovery 15. Oceans continually lose by evaporation much of
(D) if it was discovered the river water _____.
(A) to constantly flow into them
8. _____ recurring fear is out of proportion to any (B) is constantly flowing into them
real danger, it is called a phobia. (C) constantly flows into them
(A) When (D) constantly flowing into them
16. Because of it consists only of a relatively 29. Some psychologists believe that those who
short strand of DNA protected by a shell are encouraged to be independent,
of protein, a virus cannot eat or reproduce responsible, and competent in childhood
by itself. are likely more than others to become
motivated to achieve.
17. The oxygen in the air we breathe has no
tasted, smell, or color. 30. The central purpose of management is for
making every action or decision help
18. In 1977 Kathleen Battle was hired by the achieve a carefully chosen goal.
New York Metropolitan Opera, Where her
became the star soprano. 31. As a poetry Nikki Giovanni makes
effective use of jazz and blues rhythms.
19. The aardvark is a mammal that burrows into
the ground to catches ants and termites. 32. Unlike wood, paper, and fabric, which
tendency to disintegrate after being buried
20. Because of the availability of trucks and for many years, ceramics and glassware
easy access to modern highways, the although easily broken, survive well in the
locate of farms has become relatively ground.
unimportant with respect to their distance
from markets. 33. Margaret Mead achieved world famous
through her studies of child - rearing,
21. The homes created by the legendary personality, and culture.
architect Frank Lloyd Wright are still
viewed as uniquely, innovative, and 34. The discovery of the antibiotic penicillin in
valuable. 1928 has not produced antibiotics useful
for the treatment of infectious diseases
22. Geologists find it useful to identification until 1940.
fossils in a rock sample because certain
assemblages of species are characteristic 35. In the United State, the Cabinet consist of a
of specific geologic time periods. group of advisers, each of whom is chosen
by the President to head an executive
23. Many poets enhance their work by creating department of the government.
a contrast among realism and symbolism
in a given poem. 36. Colleges in the newly formed United States,
in recovering from the adverse effects of
24. Most countries depend to few extent on the American Revolution, inaugurated a
cereal imports to augment their own crops. broad curriculum in response of social
demands.
25. The fragrant leaves of the laurel plant to sell
commercially as bay leaves and are used 37. Humus is formed during soil
for seasoning foods. microorganisms decompose animal and
plant material into elements usable by
26. When contented, and occasionally when plants.
hunger, cats frequently make a purring
sound. 38. Ozone is an unstable faintly bluish gas that
is the most chemical active form of
27. The evolution of fishes is a history of oxygen.
constant adaptation to new possibilities,
and a refined of these adaptations. 39. The development of professional sports in
the United States dates back to nineteenth
28. In 1991 Antonia Novello, the United States century.
Surgeon General launched several
programs to address particular problem 40. Long before his death, John Dewey saw his
that young people have. philosophy have a profound influences on
education and thought in the United States
and elsewhere.