Carlos Hilado Memorial State College

Alijis Campus | Binalbagan Campus | Fortune Towne Campus | Talisay Campus

MODULE 1

LEA 103

Lesson 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF INDUSTRIAL SECURITY MANAGEMNET

Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to;

1. discuss and recall the historical background of security.
2. define and identify the different types of security
3. recognize and enumerate the major division of security
4. explain the legal bases of ISM in the Philippines.

II. Introduction

The need for security of lives and properties is an old as the history of man.
Man’s existence is characterized by constant exposure to dangers; those hazards
caused by nature; and those dangers posed by man’s fellowman. The means and
methods of human beings to secure themselves are also as old as the history of
policing
In this module, the general concept of the need for security, the basic
principles of industrial security management, the types of security applied in
modern industries and enterprises, the major division of security, and the
development of industrial security in the Philippines.

III. Lesson/ Unit/ Study Guide/ Notes

➢ Security in General

Definition
• Security – is defined as the state or quality of being secured, freedom from
fear or danger, assurance, or certainty. To secure is to make safe or to be
protected.
• Necessity of security-
-Security measure is inevitable or necessary for the attainment of the goals
and objectives of a certain individual, groups or organization. It follows that

Greening CHMSC: Transformative Journey to Sustainable Futures, Today.

www.chmsc.edu.p
h (63-34) 712-0420
 Carlos Hilado Memorial State College
Alijis Campus | Binalbagan Campus | Fortune Towne Campus | Talisay Campus

when an individual or organization is exposed to hazard, their productivity

is adversely affected.
-The economic growth of the Philippines for instance is moving a turtlepace
because of the impending internal and external threat
-Among business enterprise, their productivity is restrained if the hazards
surrounding their personnel, properties, and operation are not eliminated
or controlled.
• The role of the Philippine national police (PNP) and other government law
enforcement agencies
- Industrial security is an indispensable part of the Philippine economy
because it serves as a partner of law enforcement agencies in the country
such as the PNP. With its doubtless significance, the PNP takes
responsibilities in the supervision, control and training, and operation of
security agencies and in the issuance of license to operate and license to
practice the security profession.
• Hazards -refers to conditions that may cause damage to property, injury, or
loss of life. It also defined as exposure to chance to loss or injury. Hazard is
caused either by nature or by man himself.

➢ Fundamentals of industrial security management

• Industry – The terms denote “earnest or constant application to work or

business” or “a special branch of productive work, or capital or workers
employed in it.”
• Industrial – This is defined as pertaining to or engaged in industry. The word
industrial may also mean: industry relating to, used in, or created by
industry; and / or of industry’s workforce or relating to or involving workers
in industry.
• Security – this term means “the state or quality of being secured, freedom
from fear or danger, assurance, or certainty.”
• Management – This term means the “skillful use of means to accomplish a
purpose. Management can also be defined as “the planning, deciding, or
exercising of control and supervision on some functions of the organization.
• Industrial security – The term may mean: security measure applied to
business industries; or the business of providing security and protection to
private individuals, business enterprises, or government or nongovernment
industries.
• Industrial security management- with the proceeding discussion, industrial
security management could be defined as “the skillful handling of the

Greening CHMSC: Transformative Journey to Sustainable Futures, Today.

www.chmsc.edu.p
h (63-34) 712-0420
 Carlos Hilado Memorial State College
Alijis Campus | Binalbagan Campus | Fortune Towne Campus | Talisay Campus

security and safety measure of business enterprises and industrial

establishment.

➢ Security and safety measures

• The security of any business establishment today is a complex process.

Security work involves actives active and passive measures so those
effective defenses can be established against crime.

➢ Types of security

• Physical security – It is the broadest branch of security which is concerned

with the physical measures adopted to prevent, unauthorized access to
equipment, facilities, materials, and document, and to safeguard them
against espionage, sabotage damage and theft.
• Communication security – It is the protection resulting from the application
of various measures that prevent or delay the enemy or unauthorized
persons in gaining information through the communication system.
a. Transmission security
b. Cryptographic security
c. Physical security
• Hotel security – It refers to the protection of assets, guest, personnel
effects and other properties in hotels, inns, and other similar
establishments.
• Bank security- a specialized type of physical security protecting the assets,
personnel, and operation of the bank, with special emphasis on precaution
and measures to safeguard the cash and assets while the storage, in transit,
and during transaction.
• Document security – It is the physical security involving the protection of
documents and classified papers and from loss access by unauthorized
persons, damage, theft and compromise through disclosure.
• Personnel security – This involves the protection of personnel especially
ranking officials from any harm, kidnap, and others, very important people
(VIP) security is a type of personal security.
• Crises security – This is a part of VIP security involved in hostage and
kidnapping of VIPs.

Greening CHMSC: Transformative Journey to Sustainable Futures, Today.

www.chmsc.edu.p
h (63-34) 712-0420
 Carlos Hilado Memorial State College
Alijis Campus | Binalbagan Campus | Fortune Towne Campus | Talisay Campus

• Industrial security – This is a type of security applied to business groups

engaged in industries like manufacturing, assembling research and
development, processing warehousing and even agriculture.
• Operational security – This is a type of security that deals primarily with the
protection of processes, formula, patents and other industrial and
manufacturing activities from espionage, infiltration, loss, compromise, or
photocopying.
• Other special types of security;
a. air cargo security- This is applied to minimize, if not prevent, losses of
cargo during in transit, storage or transfer.
b. school security- This applied in response to the increase of violence
crimes committed against students and school personnel, and school
properties.
c. supermarket security- This applied in response to the mushrooming of
bazaars, mart, supermalls, and the like.
d. Personnel security- This is involved in the background checks of
individuals commensurate with the security requirement of their work.

➢ Major Divisions of Industrial Security

• Physical security – defined as those measures taken to prevent physical
access or entry to an installation or area by unauthorized personnel.
• Personnel security – this division of security is applied to check the
background of persons as well as the protection of company personnel
against potential harmful acts or conditions.
• Document and information security – This includes every measures
designed to safeguard company documents from unintentional or
intentional harmful acts or against unauthorized disclosure of the
information contained therein.

➢ Historical background of security

• Historical background of security - Many thousand years ago, some form of
law and consequently some form of enforcement can be traced back to
dawn of civilization. Four thousand years before the birth of Christ in the
Nile, Valley, man knew law enforcement which is security. The Chinese, the
greeks, the Hebrews, the Persians and the Roman empires are replete with
historical background of security.
• In the Christian era or after the birth of Christ, the watchmen, forerunner of
security guard was known in the old testaments.

Greening CHMSC: Transformative Journey to Sustainable Futures, Today.

www.chmsc.edu.p
h (63-34) 712-0420
 Carlos Hilado Memorial State College
Alijis Campus | Binalbagan Campus | Fortune Towne Campus | Talisay Campus

• In 1748, author and magistrate Henry fielding proposed a permanent,

professional and adequately paid security force. His most valuable
contribution was “foot Patrol” to make the streets safe and mounted patrol
for the highways.

➢ Historical Background of Industrial Security in the Philippines

• PADPAO – stands for the Philippine Association of Detective and Protective
Agency Operators. It is a non-stock private organization, and it was formed
in May 1958.
• R.A. 5487 – is an act that regulates the organization and operation of the
private detective, watchmen or security guard agencies. - it is known as
Private Security agency Law.
• Before R.A. 5487 there is no law, what they need is only a permit from the
city or municipal mayor to hire a security guard.
• PCSUSIA – Philippine Constabulary Supervisory Unit for Security and
Investigation Agencies – was formed as a result of the approval of R.A.
5487, which directs the Chief PC to issue rules and regulations concerning
the implementation of R.A. 5487
• later was change to PNPSOSIA- when the Philippine Constabulary was
dissolved and the personnel was merged to the PNP.
• PNPSOSIA – PNP Supervisory Office for Security and Investigation Agencies
– before it is responsible for the issuance of implementing orders regarding
the rules and regulations affecting security agencies operation.
• At present
PNPSAG/SD – PNP Security Agency Guards/ Supervision Division – for
national and PNP FE/SAGS – PNP Firearm and Explosives/ Security Agency
Guard Services – for local
- it directs the Chief of PNP to issue rules and regulations concerning the
implementing rules of R.A. 5487.
Effectivity date – Oct. 3, 1972 and Jan. 17, 1975 and amended by P. D. # 11
and 11A
- and again, amended in 2003 with Title 2003 Revised Rules and Regulations
Implementing R.A. 5487 as amended.

➢ Legal basis of industrial security in the Philippines

a. Natural authority – The highest law of self-preservation.
b. Constitutional authority- The prime duty of the Government is to serve
and protect the people.

Greening CHMSC: Transformative Journey to Sustainable Futures, Today.

www.chmsc.edu.p
h (63-34) 712-0420
 Carlos Hilado Memorial State College
Alijis Campus | Binalbagan Campus | Fortune Towne Campus | Talisay Campus

c. Statutory authority
- The Revised Penal Code (Act No. 3815, as amended)
- Private Security Agency Law (Republic Act 5487 as amended)

Greening CHMSC: Transformative Journey to Sustainable Futures, Today.

www.chmsc.edu.p
h (63-34) 712-0420