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1
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k|yd kq (Paper I): General Subject
Section (A) : - General Awareness & General Ability Test (50% Marks)

1. General Awareness and Contemporary Issues(25 ×1 Mark = 25 Marks)

1.1 Geography of Nepal and the World (5 Marks)

1.1.1Continent, ocean, pole, latitude, longitude, time, distance, mountains,
deserts, rivers, glaciers, lakes, climate, trade winds, monsoon.
1.1.2Physical, socio-cultural and economic geography, major natural
resources and demography of Nepal.

1.2 History & Culture (5 Marks)

1.2.1Major historical events of the World.
1.2.2Notable events, personalities and socio-cultural aspects of ancient,
medieval and modern history of Nepal.
1.2.3Customs, traditions, values, religions, ethnicity, languages, cultures,
arts, literature, music and heritages of Nepal.

1.3 Economic aspects of Nepal (5 Marks)

1.3.1Economic indicators (economic growth, GDP, GNP, per capita
income, remittance, foreign aid & investment)
1.3.2Infrastructures of development (agriculture, industry, trade, tourism,
transportation, communication, health, electricity)
1.3.3Government planning and budgeting.

1.4 Governance & Organisations (5 Marks)

1.4.1The Constitution of Nepal; federal, provincial and local governments
1.4.2General information on the UNO, WTO, ITU, WB, ADB, AIIB,
SAARC & BIMSTEC.

1.5 Contemporary Issues (5 Marks)

1.5.1Information on sustainable development, environment, pollution,
climate change, biodiversity, demography, urbanization, science and
technology.
1.5.2Recent advance and major achievements in telecommunication
sectors.
1.5.3Major Events and Current Affairs of National and International
Importance.

2
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2. General Ability Test (15 ×1 Mark = 15 Marks)

2.1 Verbal and Non- Verbal Ability Test (8×1 Marks = 8 Marks)
Jumble words, Coding-Decoding, Ranking Order Test, Direction and
Distance Sense Test, Logical Reasoning, Statement and Conclusions,
Series, Analogy, Classification, Matrix, Analytical Reasoning, Figure
Formation and Analysis, Rule Detection, Water images, Mirror images,
Cubes and Dice & Venn-diagram

2.2 Numerical Ability Test (7×1 Marks = 7Marks)

Series, Analogy, Classification, Coding, Arithmetical reasoning/operation,
Percentage, Ratio, Average, Loss & Profit, Time & Work, Data
interpretation & Data verification

3. Mathematics and Statistics (10 ×1 Mark = 10 Marks)

3.1 Function and Limit, Maxima and Minima, Differentiation and Integration
and their interpretation, Equations of straight lines, circle, parabola,
hyperbola, spheres, cylinders and cones, Linear differential equations (up
to second order), Fourier series, Fourier Transforms, Fourier integral,
inverse Fourier integral formula, odd and even function, Laplace
transforms, Line, surface and volume integral, Taylor series, Zeros and
Poles, Z-transforms
3.2 Introduction of statistics and descriptive statistics, Mean, Mode, Variance,
Dispersion, Probability, Discrete random variables and probability
distribution, continuous random variables and probability distributions,
Samples, Sampling theorems, Linear regression, Population mean &
sample mean and accuracy, pi & bar diagrams, error functions.

Section (B) : - Management and Institutional Awareness Test (50% Marks)

4. Management Concepts (10 Marks)

4.1 Concept of Management, Modern approaches to management
4.2 Vision, Mission, Goal, Objectives, Targets, Strategies, Organization
Structure, Authority and Power Delegation, Leadership, Control,
Coordination, Motivation, Teamwork and Group Dynamics
4.3 Managing work force diversity and appreciative inquiry
4.4 Quality management & TQM techniques
4.5 Time Management, Conflict Management, MIS, Customer Care, Decision
Support System, Outsourcing, Inventory Control, Job Description,
training, service portfolio and tariff structure of Nepal Telecom.
4.6 Corporate and strategic planning and management, corporate social
responsibility,
4.7 Ethics, Integrity and responsibility in business/service like institution

3
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5. Project Management & Marketing (10 Marks)
5.1 Definitions, the project life cycle, Setting project objectives & goals,
Network model: CPM & PERT, Gantt Chart, Project scheduling, Resource
leveling, Systems of project control, Cost control, Preparation of
operational budget, Introduction to budgetary control, Planning of quality,
time & cost dimensions, Negotiating for Materials, Supplies & Services,
project monitoring and evaluation, Bringing the project to a successful
conclusion.
5.2 Concept of EIRR(Economic internal rate of return) and FIRR(Financial
internal rate of return)
5.3 Business Strategic planning, Marketing Process, Product Planning,
Developing the Marketing Program
6. Finance and General Accounting Principles (10 Marks)
6.1 Essential business & accounting terminology, Cost classification &
analysis, Interest & time value of money, Basic methodology of
engineering economics, cost and benefit analysis, risk analysis, investment
decisions, demand analysis and sales forecasting,
6.2 Basic knowledge of trial balance & Balance Sheet, income statements,
revenue and capital expenditure, budgeting and capitalization, depreciation
and subsidy, Procurement procedures (FOB, CIF, Liquidated Damages,
Letter of Credit, Insurance, Invoice, Bid Security, performance
bond),Competitive bidding.

7. ;+:yfut 1fg / ;Dj4 sfg'gx? (20 Marks)

7.1 g]kfn b"/;+rf/ sDkgL :yfkgfsf] p2]Zo, ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf, sfo{If]q / r''gf}tL
7.2 g]kfn b"/;+rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8sf] z]o/ ;+/rgf, vision, mission, goal, objectives,
strategies
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5
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låtLo kq (Paper II): Technical Subject
Section (A) : - (50% Marks)
1. Digital Signal Processing
1.1 Theory of discrete-time linear systems
1.2 Digital filtering
1.3 Discrete Fourier analysis
1.4 Application to voice and image processing, communications
1.5 Hardware for digital signal processing, including digital signal processors

2. Digital Systems Design

2.1 Boolean algebra
2.2 Design of combinatorial and sequential logic
2.3 Implementation using simple gates
2.4 Programmable logic devices and gate arrays
2.5 Characteristics of digital integrated circuit families
2.6 Analysis and design for controllers, processors, and memories
2.7 Microprocessors, including components, data flow, signals, and timing
2.8 Small system design, interconnection of associated devices
2.9 Computer interfacing, including parallel and serial I/O, interrupts and DMA
2.10 Common bus structures

3. Computer Architecture
3.1 Architecture, programming and I/O
3.2 Computer structure and typical processor architecture
3.3 CPU and memory organization, buses
3.4 Characteristics of I/O and storage devices
3.5 Processing unit and controller design, hardwired and micro program control
3.6 Instruction sets and addressing modes; assembly language programming, I/O
and interrupt servicing
4. Advanced Computer Architecture
4.1 Architecture of high speed work station and personal processors and systems
4.2 Instruction set design for pipelined machines
4.3 Multiple processor architectures, highly parallel machines, systolic arrays
4.4 Neural networks, multitasking machines, real-time systems, interconnection
of multiple processor systems
4.5 Architectures for specialized purposes, array processors, vector processors.
4.6 Virtual machines

5. Principles of VLSI
5.1 Very large scale integrated circuits
5.2 Simplified design rules
5.3 Static and dynamic logic, multiphase clocking

6
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5.4 Memory elements and memory structures
5.5 Gate arrays and standard cell technology; placement and routing
5.6 Programmable logic devices
5.7 I/O devices
6. Computer Communications
6.1 Data communications, including signals, modulation and reception
6.2 Error detecting and correcting codes
6.3 Multiplexing, including time, frequency and code division multiplexing
6.4 Protocols: the ISO/OSI reference model, X.25
6.5 Internetworking and router-based networks: the TCP/IP suite of protocols,
routing and flow control
6.6 Internet addressing and domain names
6.7 Local area networks, topologies, access schemes, medium access and logic
layers; CSMA/CD and token ring protocols; segmented and hubbed LANs.
7. Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems
7.1 Concepts of artificial intelligence
7.2 Overview of knowledge-based and expert systems
7.3 Logic programming
7.4 Programming languages (LISP and Prolog) for AI
7.5 Knowledge representation
7.6 Rule-based and object-based systems

8. Distributed Systems
8.1 Characteristics of distributed systems
8.2 Networked vs. centralized systems
8.3 Fundamental concepts and mechanisms
8.4 Client-server systems
8.5 Process synchronization and inter process communications
8.6 Principles of fault tolerance
8.7 Transaction processing techniques
8.8 Distributed file systems
8.9 Operating systems for distributed architectures

Section (B) : - (50% Marks)

9. Program Design and Data Structures
9.1 Programming language syntax and semantics
9.2 Design of structured and modular programs in a high-level language (C,
C++)
9.3 Basics of object-oriented programming classes
9.4 Non-numerical processing
9.5 Design and construction of programs involving structured data: arrays,
stacks, queues, lists, trees and records

7
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10. Operating Systems

10.1 Operating system principles, components, and usage
10.2 Design and implementation of operating systems
10.3 Synchronization of concurrent processes, resource allocation, scheduling,
protection, and privacy
10.4 Data, task, and job management: loading, linking; I/O control
10.5 Multitasking and multiprocessing
10.6 Real-time aspects
10.7 Basic characteristics of modern operating systems: UNIX, Windows

11. Software Engineering

11.1 Software cycles and requirements analysis
11.2 Design, implementation, test, verification and validation, documentation,
quality assurance, control and life-cycle management of correct, reliable,
maintainable, and cost effective software
11.3 Object Oriented design
11.4 Graphical design tools, design in high-level languages, and data flow driven
designs
11.5 Planning and management of software projects
11.6 Software maintenance and configuration management
11.7 Source code management

12. Databases and File Systems

12.1 Data models, data normalization, data description languages, query facilities,
data integrity and reliability, concurrency
12.2 Databases: hierarchical, network and relational databases; data organization
12.3 Relational query languages: relational algebra and calculus, SQL
12.4 Relational database design
12.5 Transaction processing, query processing, reports
12.6 Security and integrity; concurrency control
12.7 File organization: sequential, indexed and direct access, multiple key, and
hashing
12.8 File processing: records, files, compaction
12.9 Sorting, merging and updating files.
12.10 Algorithms for inverted lists, multilist, indexed sequential and hierarchical
structures
12.11 File I/O: control, utility, space allocation, and cataloging
12.12 Index organization

13. Internet Programming

13.1 Common Gateway Interface (CGI) application
13.2 Input to CGI: environment variables, accessing from input
13.3 Output from CGI: CGI and response headers

8
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13.4 Forms and CGI: Sending data to the server using HTML tags
13.5 Executing external program and CGI program
13.6 Hypermedia documents: Creating dynamic pages using CGI, PHP
13.7 Introduction to JAVA: JAVA evolution, JAVA history, JAVA features,
Difference between JAVA and C/C++, Simple JAVA program, JAVA
program structure, JAVA Statements, JAVA virtual machine – Introduction
and implementation basics
14. Client Server Computing
14.1 Client server computing concepts: Building blocks, the state of client server
architecture
14.2 SQL database services: fundamentals of database servers, functions,
procedures, triggers and rules
14.3 SQL middleware basics: SQL API, Open SQL Gateway
14.4 Concept of Data Warehouses
14.5 Client server transaction processing: transaction concepts, transaction
models, transaction
14.6 Processing monitors, transaction management standards
14.7 Caching and cache servers

15. Cryptography and Network Security

15.1 Introduction to Cryptography: Security attacks, conventional encryption
model, simplified DES, Block Cypher principle
15.2 Principles of Public-Key Cryptosystems: RSA algorithm, Diffie-Hellman
Key exchange, Number Theory-Prime and Relatively Prime Numbers
15.3 Message Authentication and Hash function
15.4 Digital Signature and authentication protocols: Digital signatures, Digital
signature standards, authentication protocols
15.5 Network Security: Authentication applications – Kerberos, electronic mail
security
15.6 Web security: Web security requirements, secure sockets layer and transport
layer security, secure electronic transaction
15.7 Intruders and Virus related threats
15.8 Firewall design principles
15.9 Introduction to Trusted systems
15.10 Concept of Block Chain

16. Basic Electricity and Electronics

16.1 Circuit elements, series & parallel circuits, resistance, resistivity, Ohm’s
laws, Kirchoff’s laws, Single phase & three phase circuit analysis,
Measurement of current, voltage, power, energy, insulation resistance,
Primary & Secondary cells, Cells in series & parallel, star & delta
connections, Fundamentals of transformers, Generators and Induction
motors, Electrical shock hazards, Earthing and shielding techniques for

9
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telecom equipments, Lightning protections. Diode, Zener diode, LEDs,
Transistors, PNP, NPN, FET, MOSFETS, Op-Amps, Integrated circuits,
NMOS, CMOS, MOSFET amplifiers, Junction field effect transistor,
quadratic characteristics, JFET Amplifiers, The bipolar transistor andits
configurations, Load line biasing in CE configuration, Number systems,
power supplies & voltage regulators, Half wave rectifier, full wave rectifier,
Bridge rectifier, Logic gates: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR

10