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Lab Report# 07: To Analyze The Effect of Parallel Compensation On Reactive Power Flow of Transmission Line

The document summarizes a lab report on analyzing the effect of parallel compensation on reactive power flow of a transmission line. The lab involves connecting different load configurations including resistive, inductive, and capacitive loads. Measurements are taken of voltage, current, power factor and other parameters. Initially with just resistive loads, reactive power is zero and power factor is unity. Inductive loads cause reactive power draw and reduce the power factor. Capacitive loads are then connected, which improve the voltage profile and power factor by supplying leading reactive current. The conclusion is that power factor and voltage can be improved by increasing the capacitive compensation on the load side.

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248 views

Lab Report# 07: To Analyze The Effect of Parallel Compensation On Reactive Power Flow of Transmission Line

The document summarizes a lab report on analyzing the effect of parallel compensation on reactive power flow of a transmission line. The lab involves connecting different load configurations including resistive, inductive, and capacitive loads. Measurements are taken of voltage, current, power factor and other parameters. Initially with just resistive loads, reactive power is zero and power factor is unity. Inductive loads cause reactive power draw and reduce the power factor. Capacitive loads are then connected, which improve the voltage profile and power factor by supplying leading reactive current. The conclusion is that power factor and voltage can be improved by increasing the capacitive compensation on the load side.

Uploaded by

muhammad irfan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sukkur IBA University

Department of Electrical Engineering


ELE-412 Power System Stability & Control, Fall 2021

Lab Report# 07: To analyze the effect of parallel compensation on


reactive power flow of transmission line
Instructor: Engr. Ghulam Akbar

Note: Submit this lab hand-out in the next lab with attached solved activities and exercises
Submission Profile
Name: Mehran Ullah Submission date (2/12/2021)
C.M.S ID: 041-18-0026 Receiving authority name and
Comments: signature:
Instructor
Signature
Objective:
 To Analyze the Effect of parallel compensation by capacitors.
 To improve the overall power factor
 To improve the voltage profile of the system

Background Theory:
In shunt compensation, FACTS are connected in parallel with the power system transmission line. It works
as a controllable current source. A reactive current is injected into the line to maintain constant voltage
magnitude by varying shunt impedance. Therefore, the transmittable active power is increased but at the
expense of increasing the
The power factor. Whenever an inductive load is connected to the transmission line, power factor lags
because of lagging load current. To compensate it, a shunt capacitor is connected, which draws current
leading to the source voltage. The net result is improvement in power factor. reactive power demand. There
are two methods of shunt compensations:
Shunt capacitive compensation.
This method is used improve

Hardware used:
o 3-phase power supply
o 3-phase transformer
o Circuit breaker
o Transmission line
o RL loads
o Power meter
o Digital power factor meter
o Capacitor bank
Procedure:
In this lab actually we are compensating the reactive power on the transmission line by capacitor bank. The
reactive power has direct impact on power factor. And when there is large inductive load in the system then
reactive power will be drawn more. And there will be voltage drop. Then the leading current will be injected
to compensate the drop.

Block Diagram:

Capacitor bank

Transmission RL
Transformer C.Bs Meters load
Power supply C.B line
Phasor Diagram of Compensator:

Block Diagram:

Figure 1 hardware implementation of the LAB


RESULTS, OBSERVATION AND DISCUSSION:

"Initially set the nominal value to 220V. Actually there will be no current flow because of no load
connected. Power meter shows the parameters of sending end while power factor meter will give us
the values at receiving end. After that we will connect resistive load and gradually increase its
value.

The voltages will be reduced but current and active power will be increased. At this instant the
value of reactive power (Q) will be zero because resistive load has a unity power factor and it will
not affect reactive power. Apparent Power (Total Power) will be equal to active power.

Load (R = L = 1, C=0)
As we will connect inductive load, the power factor will start to get reduced because of lagging
nature of inductive load. The voltages at receiving end will be reduced and current will be
increased. Inductive load will absorb reactive power and hence reactive power will be increased."

 No LOAD Operation

Figure 2 Normal voltages at no load condition


 CONNECTING LOAD (R1,L1):

Figure 3 connecting resistive Load R1 and L1

In this figure we can see by connecting load R1 and L1.

Figure 4 PM for R1 and L1


This figure shows the effect on current by adding resistive load with the generator.

Figure 5: DFPM for R1 & L1


 CONNECTING Loads (R2 AND L2)

Figure 6: connecting R2 and L2

The above figure, as we add the inductive load to the system, the current decrease as shown in
figure.

Figure 7 PM for R2 and L2


This figure shows the increase in voltage drop by addition of inductive load. the voltage
decreases to 187.4.

Figure 8: DFM for R2 and L2


This figure shows the effect of capacitive load on current. From figure it is clear that the current
decreases with C1 load.

 CONNECTING Loads (R3 AND L4)

Figure 9 : Connecting R3 and L4

Figure 10: PM for R3 and L4


Figure 11:DFPM

The figure 9 shows improvement in voltage, by adding capacitive load.

 CONNECTING CAPACITVE Loads to improve power factor:


The figure 9 shows improvement in voltage, by adding capacitive load.
CONCLUSION:
In this Lab we analyzed that how different types of loads i.e. Resistive, capacitive and resistive
effect the power factor and other parameters such as reactive power, voltage and current. Also
we improve the power factor and voltage from load side i.e by connecting and increasing the
capacitive load.

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