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Types of Noise

This document discusses different types of noise in communication systems. It classifies noise into external noise and internal noise. External noise includes atmospheric noise from natural sources like lightning, industrial noise from sources like vehicles and equipment, and extraterrestrial noise from solar and cosmic sources. Internal noise is generated within the communication system and includes shot noise from random particle behavior, partition noise from circuit path divisions, low-frequency flicker noise increasing at lower frequencies, high-frequency transit-time noise in semiconductor devices, and thermal or Johnson noise in resistors from atomic movements. The document provides examples and explanations of different noise sources.

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24 views2 pages

Types of Noise

This document discusses different types of noise in communication systems. It classifies noise into external noise and internal noise. External noise includes atmospheric noise from natural sources like lightning, industrial noise from sources like vehicles and equipment, and extraterrestrial noise from solar and cosmic sources. Internal noise is generated within the communication system and includes shot noise from random particle behavior, partition noise from circuit path divisions, low-frequency flicker noise increasing at lower frequencies, high-frequency transit-time noise in semiconductor devices, and thermal or Johnson noise in resistors from atomic movements. The document provides examples and explanations of different noise sources.

Uploaded by

Surya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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·r Noise bul co nveni ently Noi se is clas sifi ed as
r1w,c ,1, c scvc ,JI w.1 y to cIJ SSI Y ,

1) Exte1n,ll Nois e

2) l11t e1nal Noise


Ext ernal Noi se:

Exte rn al nois e is defined as the type of Noise which is general externally due to communication system .
Ex tern al Noi se are analysed qualitatively. Now, External Noise may be classified as

a) Atm os ph eri c Noise: Atmospheric Noise is also known as static noise which is the natural source of
di sturbanc e caused by lightning, di scharge in thunderstorm and the natural disturbances occurring in

the nature.

b) Industrial Noise: Sources of Industrial noise are auto-mobiles, aircraft, ignition of electric motors and
switching gear. The main cause of Industrial noise is High voltage wires . These noises is generally
produced by the discharge pres ent in the operations .

c) Extraterrestrial N~ise: Extraterrestrial Noise exist on the basis of their originating source. They are

subdivided into

i) Solar Noise

ii) Cosmic Noise

Internal Noise:

Internal
or · th Noise· are the
h type of Noise which are generated internally or within th e Commu111cat1on
. . System
rn .e receiver.
des· f h T ey may be treated qualitatively and can also be reduced or m1111m1zed
. . . by the proper
rgn1ng O t e system. Internal Noises are cla ssified as

1) Shot Noise : These Noise are generally arises in the active devices due .
Charge particles or carries. In case of electron t b h . . to the random behaviour of
of electron form cathodes. u e, s ot Norse is produces due to the random emission

2) Partition Noise : When a circuit is to divide in between t


known as Partition noise . The reason for th . . wo or mo re path s then the noise generated is
e generation is random fluctuation ,·nth e dIVISIOn
. .. .
-----
--
3) Low- Frequenc y Noise : They are also known as FLICKER NOISE. These type of noise are generally
observed at a frequency range below few kHz. Power spectral density of these noise increases with the
decrease in frequency . That why the name is given Low- Frequency Noise.

4) High- Frequenc y Noise : These noises are also known TRANSIT- TIME Noise. They are observed in t he
semi-con ductor devices when the transit time of a charge carrier while crossing a junction is compared
with the time period of that signal.

5) Thermal Noise : Thermal Noise are random and often referred as White Noise or Johnson Noise .
Thermal noise are generally observed in the resistor or the sensitive resistive compone nts of a complex
impedanc e due to the random and rapid movemen t of molecules or atoms or electrons.

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