A Practical activity Report submitted

for Engineering Design Project-II (UTA-024)

by

Name of student: Avni Gupta Roll number: 102006158

Submitted to

Dr. Rana Pratap Yadav

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

THAPAR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, (A

DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY), PATIALA, PUNJAB
INDIA
July-Dec 2021
 NOTE: Select an appropriate objective only from the following list of
experiments while making a softcopy of your report.
TABLE OF CONTENT

Sr. No. Experiment no. Objective

1 1 (a) To draw a schematic diagram of pulse width modulation (PWM)
based transmitter for generating specified pulse width waveforms
for gantries placed at different locations on the path using CAD
tool (Eagle).
2 1 (b) To design a printed circuit board layout of pulse width modulation
(PWM) based transmitter circuit using CAD tool (Eagle).
 Experiment: 1

Objective:
(a) To draw a schematic diagram of pulse width modulation (PWM) based transmitter
for generating specified pulse width waveforms for gantries placed at different
locations on the path using CAD tool (Eagle).

(b) To design a printed circuit board layout of pulse width modulation (PWM) based
transmitter using CAD tool (Eagle).

Software Used: Eagle Software

Component Used:
Sr. No Name of Components Value Specifications
1. Resistor 330 Ω Carbon Resistor with 5% Tolerance
2. Capacitor 1uF,10pF Electrolytic Capacitor
3. LED LED 3mm
4. IC 78L05Z +5V Positive Voltage Regulator
5. Attiny 45-20p Microcontroller
6. DCJ 0202 DC power jack
7. 22-23-2031 PCB Header

Theory :

1. Resistor: Resistors are passive components used in electrical circuits that create obstruction to
the flow of current in the circuit and are found in several circuits . Their resistance is measured in
ohms(Ω)

Fig. 1.1 Various types of resistors

2. Capacitor: A capacitor is a device that uses electric field to store electrical
current. It is made of one or more pairs of conductors separated by an insulator.

Fig1.2Various types of capacitors

3. LED LAMP: The light emitting diode is an electric component that emits light when
the electric current flows through it. This light source is based on semiconductors.

Fig. 1.3Various types of standard LED

4. IC 78L05Z: This component is a positive fixed regulator for voltage. It has three
terminals. They are input, output and ground.

Fig. 1.4 Voltage regulator 78L05Z

5. Attiny 45-20p: This device is an 8bit microcontroller that gives great performance on low
power. nIt is based on the advanced RISC architecture and has 4K bytes of in-system
programmable flash, paired with 256 bytes of EEPROM and 256 bytes of SRAM.

Fig 1.5 Attiny 45-20p

 6. DCJ0202: It is a common barrel type DC power jack component used in many
electronic devices for supplying direct current power.

Fig. 1.6 DCJ 0202

7. 22-23-2031: It is a 2.54 mm pitch wire to board connectors. It allows you to join

connections to a PCB with a single block.

Schematic diagram:

Fig. 1.7 Schematic diagram of Transmitter circuit

 Printed Circuit Board layout:

Fig. 1.8 PCB layout of Transmitter circuit

Discussion:
In this experiment, we learnt about the various listed components and using them we drew a schematic diagram
of pulse width modulation based transmitter which generates specified pulse width waveforms for
gantries placed at different locations using Autodesk Eagle software.
.

Signature of Faculty member

 A Practical activity Report submitted

for Engineering Design Project-II (UTA-024)

by

Name of student: Avni Gupta Roll number: 102006158

Submitted to

Dr. Rana Pratap Yadav

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

THAPAR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, (A

DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY), PATIALA, PUNJAB
INDIA
July-Dec 2021
Experiment: 2
Objective:
(a) To draw a schematic diagram of pulse width modulation (PWM) based receiver to
 receive IR signals from gantries connected to transmitter circuit using CAD tool (Eagle).

(b) To design a printed circuit board layout of pulse width modulation (PWM) based
receiver circuit using CAD tool (Eagle).

Software Used: Eagle Software

Component Used:
Sr. No Name of Components Value Specifications
1. Resistor 120k,100k,22k,1k Carbon Resistor with 5% Tolerance
(Ω)
2. Capacitor 10 pf Electrolytic Capacitor
3. MBD701 Photodiode
4. LM311D Operational Amplifier
5. 22-23-2031 PCB Header

Theory:
1, Resistor: Resistors are passive components used in electrical circuits that create obstruction
to the flow of current in the circuit and are found in several circuits. Their resistance is
measured in ohms(Ω).

Fig. 1.1 Various types of resistors

 2. Capacitor: A capacitor is a device that uses electric field to store electrical current. It is made of one
or more pairs of conductors separated by an insulator.

Fig1.2Various types of capacitors

3,MBD701: Designed primarily for high efficiency UHF and VHF detector applications., the Schottky
diode is readily adaptable to many other fast switching RF and has several digital applications.

Fig. 1.3 MBD701 DIODE

4. LM311D: These devices are single high-speed voltage comparators. These devices are designed to
operate within a wide range of power supply voltages, including ±15 V supplies for operational
amplifiers and 5-V supplies for logic systems. The output levels are compatible with most TTL and
MOS circuits

Fig. 1.4 LM311D Operational Amplifier

5. 22-23-2031: It is a 2.54 mm pitch wire to board connectors. It allows you to join

connections to a PCB with a single block.

Schematic diagram:

Fig. 1.7 Schematic diagram of Receiver circuit

 Printed Circuit Board layout:

Fig. 1.8 PCB layout of Receiver circuit

Discussion:

In this experiment, we studied about the details and functions of the various components like
MBD701D, LM311D and PCB and using them learnt how to design a PWM receiver and make PCB
layout.

Signature of Faculty member

 A Practical activity Report submitted

for Engineering Design Project-II (UTA-024)

by

Name of student: Avni Gupta Roll number: 102006158

Submitted to

Dr. Rana Pratap Yadav

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

THAPAR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, (A

DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY), PATIALA, PUNJAB
INDIA
July-Dec 2021
 Experiment: 3

Objective:
(a) To draw a schematic diagram of IR sensor module circuit (required to
move Buggy module on a predefined the path) using CAD tool (Eagle).
(b)To design a printed circuit board layout of IR sensor module circuit using
CAD tool (Eagle).
Software Used: Eagle Software

Component Used:
Sr. No. Name of Components Value Specifications
1. Resistor 10K ohm Carbon Resistor with 5% Tolerance
2. Resistor 330K ohm Carbon Resistor with 5% Tolerance
3. LMV358MM Operational Amplifier
4. BPX65 Photodiode
5. SFH482 Photodiode
6. Potentiometer 3-terminal resistor
7. MTA02-100 AMP Connector
8. LED A two-lead semiconductor light source

Theory:
1. Resistor: Resistors are passive components used in electrical circuits that create obstruction to the
flow of current in the circuit and are found in several circuits . Their resistance is measured in
ohms(Ω).

Fig. 1.1 Various types of resistors

2. LMV358MM: It is a single general purpose low voltage Operational Amplifier with rail-to-rail
output swing capability and the input common-mode voltage range includes ground. It has bipolar
input and output stages for improved noise performance and higher output current drive.

Fig1.2 LMV358MM

3. BPX65: This electrical component transforms light into electric current. As photons absorbed
in the photodiode, a current is generated. They may contain optical filters or built-in lenses.

Fig. 1.3 BPX65

4. SFH482: This component is used in schematic circuit as a transistor to complete in the IR

receiver circuit.

Fig. 1.4 SFH482

5.Potentiometer: It is a voltage divider used for measuring electric potential or voltage. It has a three-
terminal resistor with a sliding or rotating contact that forms an adjustable voltage divider. If only two
terminals are used, one end and the wiper, it acts as a variable resistor or rheostat.

Fig 1.5: A potentiometer

6.MTA02-100: The MTA connector system is a wire-to-board and wire-to-wire system based on
insulation displacement contact (IDC) technology. MTA 100 connectors have contacts in a single
row on .100 [2.54] centers.

Fig 1.6: MTA02-100

7.LED: The light emitting diode is an electric component that emits light when the electric current
flows through it. This light source is based on semiconductors.
 Schematic diagram:

Fig. 1.7 Schematic diagram of IR Sensor circuit

Printed Circuit Board layout:

Fig. 1.8 PCB layout of IR Sensor circuit

Discussion:
In this experiment, we learnt to draw a schematic diagram of IR sensor module circuit which is required to move
Buggy module on a predefined the path using CAD tool (Eagle).

Signature of Faculty memb