METHOD STATEMENT -1-

MTS/TL/12
Rev:0/01-02-09

12 METHOD STATEMENT FOR STRINGING

1.STRINGING METHOD

1.1 Introduction

The stringing method follows the requirement of the relevant

clauses in the contract specification. Stringing work will be
proceeding between tension towers at suitable distances (section to
section or including several sections to maximize pullout from
conductor drums).

1.2 Method

1.2.1 Preparation Work

The preparatory work pulling, sagging, clamping and fixing of

accessories will be performed by separate gangs continuously.

1.2.2 Drum, Tensioner & Winch Locations

Conductor and Earth-wire Drums together with Tensioner will be

delivered to “Drum Yard” and Engine Winch to “Engine Yards”. The
locations for this equipments are preselected considering the
stringing distances, access roads, tower types, availability of
space with minimum damage to property etc..

1.2.3 Insulator Cleaning, Assembling & Hoisting

Insulator will be transported and assembled at site. Insulator

shall be bright and metal portion free of dirt and corrosion or
other damages to the galvanizing. Cracked, chipped or otherwise
damaged insulators shall not be used. Similarly, hardware with
galvanizing defects or partly corroded shall also not be used. If
insulators are dirty, they are cleaned with cloth whenever
necessary. No other material i.e. any type of oil shall not be used
for cleaning purpose. The assembled insulators will be hoisted with
a help of a winch carefully avoiding any damage during hoisting.
Before lifting the string of assembled insulators from the ground,
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proper checking will be made to check whether the insulator string

is fixed with all the relevant hardware as per the approved
drawing.

1.2.4 Pilot Wire Paying-out Procedure

First Nylon pilot wire will be paid out through the rollers hanged
on the suspension towers in the section manually. After pulling the
entire length of Nylon pilot, puller end of the Nylon pilot will be
fixed in the puller capstan and tensioned slightly. Earthwire will
be coupled to the Nylon Pilot using swivel and wire meshed sock.
OPGW will be coupled to the Nylon Pilot using swivel and a Head
Board.
For the paying out of conductor, steel pilot will be used. Steel
Pilot wire of 12 to 13mm diameter available in the suitable reels
will be coupled to the Nylon pilot using swivel joint. After paying
out the steel pilot, end of the steel pilot toward the tensioner
will be coupled to the conductor using swivel and wire meshed
socks.

1.2.5 Conductor & Earthwire Paying-out Procedure

The conductor drum will be mounted on the drum setting jacks. The
conductor will pass through the tensioner and connected to the
pilot wire using socks and swivel. The puller will be stationed at
the other end, and the end of the other side of the pilot wire will
be secured to the puller and initial load will be given. While the
pilot wire gets tightened, care will be taken on all the spans to
see that the wire does not get stuck or damaged due to any
obstruction.
Once the pilot wire is tighten and communication system switched on
with controlling staff at crucial points, the pulling of conductors
will be started by simultaneously releasing the brake of the
tensioner and switching on the puller. Adequate number of staff
shall be engaged to monitor the stringing work and paying out
throughout the section to avoid any problems.
Depending on the height above the ground level at which the
conductors are desired to travel, the brake / tension is adjusted.
Control will be made to check that the conductor presses smoothly
through the roller and pulling speed will be made adjusted to
maintain required tension. After paying out of the drum, the end of
the conductor at tensioner point will be anchored by
automatic/bolted clamps to ensure that the paid out conductor does
not release to the ground.
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To match the sub-section length, additional conductor drum placed

on drum stand behind the drum being paid out, will be jointed
through two end socks and passed through capstan of tensioner. The
end of the conductor so through is required to be jointed with the
end of paid out conductor by a mid span joint. Mid span joints will
be carried out at ground level and the dead end clamping will be
done at the cross-arm level. Each conductor will be pulled
separately using pilot wire.

The above procedure will be repeated for Earthwire.

1.2.6 Methodology of Joints :

2.6.1 Dead End Clamps

2.6.2 Mid Span Joints
2.6.3 Compression of Jumper Lugs
2.6.4 Fixing of Repair Sleeves
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1.2.6.1 - Joining instructions for the installation of

compression dead ends for ACSR Conductor

1. Slide aluminium body over conductor well sway from the end.
2. The Conductor to be terminated should be out square and the
outer surface should be clean and dry. To prevent
inadvertent un-stranding or deformation of the aluminium
wires, it is advisable to apply a tape or wire binder at
approximately 20mm from the intended cutting position.
STEEL TAIL
3. Cut back aluminum strands making sure not to cut steel
strands to allow steel core to be inserted fully into the
steel tail.
LENGTH OF STEEL TAIL +10mm

4. Insert steel core fully into eye or tongue tail. There

should be a gap of 10mm between the end of the tail and the
aluminum strands.

5. Compress the steel using the nominated AF hexagon dies

starting from the convoluted end towards the conductor and
wipe clean any surplus grease. The dies must close fully at
the end of each bite. The flats of each bite should be
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aligned with and over lap the previous ones by a minimum of

5mm.

6. Scratch brush the conductor and coat with approved grease

such as “ALMINOX” or “EJC 2”.
7. Slide aluminium body over conductor to within 5mm of clevis
end removing the tape or binders as required.
8. Using the nominated AF size regular hexagon dies, compress
the aluminium body between the knurl marks on to the eye or
tongue tail ensuring that the tongue or eye is in correct
alignment with the flag. Continue compressions from the
next knurl mark on the aluminium body to the end of the
tapered section. The dies MUST CLOSE FULLY at the end of
each bite. The flats of each bite should be aligned with,
and overlap the previous ones by a minimum of 5mm.

9. Remove any flash or burrs

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1.2.6.2 - Joining instructions for the installation of

compression mid span joints for ACSR Conductors
1. Slide the aluminium sleeve over and along one of the
conductors to a position well away from the end.
2. The conductors to be joined should be cut square and the
outer surfaces should be clean and dry. To prevent
inadvertent un-stranding or deformation of the aluminium
strands, it is advisable to apply a tape or wire binder at
a position approximately 20mm the intended cutting
position.
STEEL SLEEVE

3. Cut back the aluminium strands on both conductors as shown,

making sure not to cut the steel strands.
HALF LENGTH OF STEEL SLEEVE +10mm

4. Insert steel cores fully into the steel sleeve, making sure
they meet at the centre of the sleeve.
5. Using the nominated AF hexagon dies and commencing at the
center of the sleeve, apply overlapping compressions to the
conductor ends. The dies MUST CLOSE FULLY at the end of
each bite. The flats of each bite should be aligned with
and overlap the previous ones by a minimum of 5mm. Wipe
clean any surplus grease.

BODY
6. Mark the conductor to ensure that the aluminium sleeve can
be located centrally over the steel sleeve.
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7. Clean and scratch brush conductor and coat with approved

grease such as “ALUMINOX” or “EJC2” or equivalent.
8. Remove tape or wire binder and slide aluminium body to
where conductor was previously marked.

9. Using the nominated AF hexagon dies commence compression of

the aluminium tube from the knurl and apply overlapping
compressions marks to the end of the tapered section. The
dies MUST CLOSE FULLY at the end of each bite. The flats of
each bite should be aligned with and overlap the pervious
ones by a minimum of 5mm.

10. Remove any flash or burrs.

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1.2.6.3 - joining instruction for the installation of jumper

lugs for ACSR, AAC/AAAC Conductor
1. The conductor to be terminated should be cut square and the
outer surface should be clean and dry. To prevent
inadvertent un-stranding of deformation of the aluminium
wires. It is advisable to apply a tape or wire binder
approximately 20 mm form the intended cutting position.
2. Clean conductor scratch brush and coat with approved grease
such as “ALMINOX” or “EJC2”.
3. Insert conductor up to the stop after removing tape or
binder.
4. Using the nominated AF hexagon dies compress the aluminium
sleeve starting at the palm end. The dies MUST CLOSE FULLY
at the end of each bite. The flats of each bite should be
aligned with and overlap the previous ones by a minimum of
5mm.

5. Remove any flash or burrs.

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1.2.6.4 - fixing of Repair Sleeve

• If damage occur during the stringing of the conductor first
inspect the damaged area carefully.
• Clean the damaged area with a cloth or a wire brush.
• Then keep the displaced wires in right position as far as
possible.
• Insert the repair sleeve to cover the damaged area.
• Then crimp the sleeve using specified press head and up to
length specified by the manufacture.
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1.2.7 Initial Tensioning of Conductor & Earthwires

As soon as the paying out is completed for the section under

consideration, one end of the conductors will be either anchored on
the ground or fixed permanently on the tower. Where ground
anchoring is required, come-along clamps will be fixed to the
conductor and clamps will be connected to the guy wire with D-
shackle. Sufficient length of conductor will be left free from the
clamp for easy permanent jointing.
In the other end, ground-anchoring arrangements will be made
independently for each conductor and keep ready. Depending upon the
number of spans and approximate distance from anchoring points, a
temporary anchor will be made ready and one end of four-sleeve
pulley blocks will be connected to this. The other end will be
connected with come-along clamps, which is fixed to the conductor.
The lead wire of the four sleeve blocks will be tighten using
winch/tractor. The initial tension applied should not exceed 75% of
final tension of the sag charts.
Now the tension in the lead wire will be released to make the four-
sleeved pulley block free. The same operation will be done for all
the conductors.
After operation completed, temporary anchor points will be checked
again for proper bolting etc. and all the loose wires (conductors)
will be rolled up and kept over wooden platform until tensioning is
completed.

1.2.8 Clipping Procedure of the Conductor

The required materials such as Suspension Clamps, Armour Rods,

tools like wire rope, suspension ladder, four-sleeve pulley,
clipping saddle are made available at site.
Using plumb bob, the exact plumbing point on the conductor is
located and marked on the conductor.
With the help of four-sleeve pulley and clipping saddle, the
conductor will be lifted and the roller will be released and
removed.
The armour rods are placed around the conductor making sure the
centre of the armour rod will coincide with centre of the clamp
marked on the conductor earlier.
The suspension clamp is fixed as per the marked position and
properly tighten to ensure firm clamping.
The clipping work will be done in the order of top conductor
towards bottom conductors.
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1.2.9 Jumpering of the Conductor at Tension Tower

The conductor required for jumper purposes will be cut to slightly

more than required length and transported to the site along with
terminals and pilot string insulator sets.
The pilot string insulators are first lifted and fixed to the cross
arm.
The conductor for jumper will be taken upto the tower, one end
connected to the jumper arm of the tension assembly and the other
end will be held at the other jumper arm with the help of a rope.
Maximum clearances as required will be maintained and the length of
the conductor adjusted accordingly by pulling at the free end and a
mark will be made on the conductor for compressing the jumper arm.
Jumper loop will be made as per the approved wire clearance diagram
and the jumper will be round in shape with necessary clearance to
the tower. All the jumpers will be uniform in shape.
Conductor will be brought down and the extra length will be cut.
The second jumper arm will be pressed and fixed in position after
passing through the pilot string insulator wherever applicable.

1.2.10 Anchoring of Towers

Sub sections are selected as per the site conditions and the
pulling and breaking capacity of stringing machines. However,
paying out tension of the conductors should not exceed the 75% of
the final tension.
• The anchor blocks will be laid inside the pit of depth 2.2m
(approximately) and duly backfilled and compacted. Each anchor
points must be anchored separately.
• The blocks will be laid at a distance of 11/2 times the tower
height.
• Steel wire ropes (18-20mm) will be used to connect the blocks
with all the cross arms and earthwire peaks of the tower.
• The ends of the wire of the anchor block will be tied with
turn-buckle and secured by bulldog clamps.
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1.2.11 Scaffolding for Important Crossings

The locations and spans, where major road, power line or

communication cable crossing exist, are all identified earlier and
necessary scaffolding will be erected at such major crossings
taking care of following aspects.
1. Number of scaffolding will be decided according to the nature
and size of crossing encountered.
2. The scaffolding will be of GI pipes or wooden frame as per the
actual situation and the importance of the crossings and
supported by anchor ropes / wires.
3. Following safety precaution points will be enforced at the
time of scaffolding, caution board, light, tape and stand-by
flag man.

1.2.12 Providing of Joins for Phase and Earth Conductors

The fullest possible use shall be made of the maximum conductor

length in order to reduce the number of joints to the minimum. The
number and location of line and earth conductor tensions joints
shall be approved. Mid-span joints shall not be less than 15m from
the nearest conductor clamps. There shall be more than such joints
per conductor in any one span.
Mid-span joints shall not be used in the following locations:
1. At locations which would allow less than 2 clear spans between
mid-span joints on a given conductor. (this means 2 clear span
irrespective of the support types used).
2. In spans crossing power lines, telecommunication lines, public
roads or buildings, railways.
3. In single span sections.
Conductor repair sleeves shall not be used without the permission
of the engineer, which will be used only in exceptional
circumstances.
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2. METHOD OF MEASURING SAG

2.1 Introduction : Sagging Conductors

The amount of sag in each conductor should be accordance with

stringing sag (initial sag) tables approved by the Engineer.

The sag of any one conductor shall not deviate more than 150mm from
the sag of the line conductors in the span.

The temperature should be obtained each time a sag is made by an

accurate centigrade thermometer inserted in a short sample length
of conductor and suspended freely in the open air at a height of
not less than 1.5m above the ground.

If line is passing through hilly terrain we have to adopt different

type of sag observation methods as illustrated in Fig. A. One of
the six methods described in sub paragraphs will be used to
determine the sag conductors.

2.2 Sequence of Work

a. Sag adjusting is made by Tirfor / Hand-Winch through wire

ropes and snatch blocks equipped between come-along clamps
and cross-arm tension plate.
b. Sag observation will be made in a manner in Fig A Case 1
through 5 in accordance with the configuration of the site.
The method in case of uplift condition is given in Case 6.
c. After final adjustment of the sag measurement, the
conductor is cut to the measured length and compressed with
a tension clamp, and terminated to the tower or the tension
insulator strings.
d. Suspension insulator sets will be adjusted in consideration
of clipping off-sets so that the strings will be vertical
within 20mm.
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2.3 Methods of Checking Sag

2.3.1 - Case 1

Supports at equal or unequal elevations and lower point of sag

above bases of supporting structures:

a. From the structure list ascertain the horizontal distance

between the two structures where the sag measurement is to be
made.

b. Obtain the required sag ‘D’ corresponding to the span and the
ambient temperature.

c. At one end of the span, measure distance ‘D’ vertically down

the structure from the conductor support and place a mark on
the structure.

d. Repeat the measurement on the structure at the other end of

the span and place a mark on the structure.

e. Mount sag-scope at the mark on one structure, sight to the

mark on the adjacent structure and adjust the conductor sag
tangent to the line of sight.
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2.3.2 - Case 2

Supports at equal elevations and lowest point of sag below bases

of supporting structures:

a. Obtain corresponding sag for the span at the correct ambient

temperature.

b. Establish a bench mark about 1.0m below the point of maximum

sag (while on sheaves).

c. Set a level mark so that the horizontal line of sight on the

centre of the target.

d. Adjust the conductor sag tangent to this line of sight.

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2.3.3 - Case 3

Supports at unequal elevations and lowest point of sag above

base of lower supporting structure:

a. Obtain the corresponding sag for the span at the correct

ambient temperature

b. Determine the difference in elevation between the upper and

lower conductor supports (H).

c. Determine D1 as shown by formula.

D1 = D [1 – H/4D]2
Where D is the sag measured from the conductor support point.

d. measure the distance D1 vertically down the lower structure

from the conductor support and set up a level with its
telescope at this elevation

e. Set the level for a horizontal line of sight and adjust the
conductor sag tangent to this line of sight.
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2.3.4 - Case 4

Supports at unequal elevations and lowest point of sag below

base of lower supporting structure:

a. Obtain the sag for the span corresponding to the correct

ambient temperature at the time of sagging.

b. Determine the difference in elevation between the upper and

lower conductor supports.

c. Determine D1 as in Case 3.

d. Establish a bench mark about 1.0m below the point of maximum

sag.

e. Set a level rod on the bench mark with the target adjusted to
the elevation of a point at distance D1 below the lower
conductor support.

f. Set up a level so that the horizontal line of sight is on the

centre of the target.

g. Adjust the conductor sag tangent to this line of sight.

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2.3.5 - Case 5
Conductor sagging by calculated angle of sight:

This method will be used as an alternative to cases 1, 2, 3 and 4,

provided the following limitations are observed.
1. if the span is inclined, the sag-scope should be placed at
the structure at the lower end of the span.
2. The span lengths does not exceed 455m.
3. The distance D1 where the sag-scope is placed below the
elevation of the conductor support is not less than three
times the conductor sag ‘D’.

Method of Use
a. Obtain sag for the span corresponding to the ambient
temperature.
b. Set up a sag-scope at the structure at the lower end of
span.
c. Measure the vertical distance D1 from the conductor support
to the line of sight of the sag-scope.
d. Calculate the angle of sight ‘F’ by the formula.

tan F = [H – 4D + 4D√(D1/D)] / A

where,
H = Deference in elevation between conductor supports(m)
D = Sag (m)
D1 = Distance the sag-scope is set below cond. support(m)
A = Span (horizontal distance between the supports)
e. Set the sag-scope at the angle of sight calculated above.
f. Adjust the conductor sag tangent to the line of sight.
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2.3.6 - Case 6
Supports at unequal elevations and lowest point of sag falls
outside the span.

Legend:
A - Span (m)
H - Elevation difference at supports (m)
T - Tension on conductor (kg)
W - Weight of conductor (kg/m)

X = A/2 + T/W × [H/A] ……………………………………(1)

Obtain sag ‘D’ corresponding to span length ‘X+A’
X2 = 4ay where a = T / 2W
X2 = 2T/W . y
y = W/2T [ A/2 + T/W×(H/A)]2 ………………………(2)
tanF = (H+y+D)/(X+A)………………………………………………………(3)

D1 = X tanF ………………………………………………………………………(4)

D2 = y – (D1-D) ……………………………………………………………(5)
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Method
1. At one end of the span measure distance ‘D2” vertically down
the structure from the conductor support and place a mark on
the structure.
2. Similarly place a mark in the other structure at a distance
‘D’ below the conductor support point.
3. Mount sag-scope at the mark on one structure, sight to the
mark in the adjacent structure and adjust the conductor sag
tangent to the line of sight.
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2.4 Measuring procedure of the Temperature of the conductor

Note:
1. Conductor shall be about 45cm long.
2. Thermometer should be installed sufficiently prior to the
actual sagging operation to allow temperature stabilization.
3. Remove steel core and insert thermometer in end of cable.
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2.5 Insulator sags in short Dead-End (DE) spans

In short DE spans where DE insulator string assemblies are quite
heavy allowance should be made for the sag of the DE assembly.
The method of computation:

Nomenclature:
H = Horizontal component of the conductor tension (kg)
V1 = Vertical load at support (kg)
W = Weight of conductor per unit length (kg/m)
Wc = Weight of conductor from low point to DE assembly
Ws = DE assembly length (m)
Xs = Ls and Lc

S of Vertical Forces = 0

V1 = Ws + Wc ………………………… (1)
S of moments about point p = 0

V1.Xs – H.ds – Ws.Xs/2 = 0

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ds = [(V1.Xs) – (Ws.Xs)/2] / H
= [(Ws+Wc).Xs – (Ws.Xs)/2] / H
For dead-end assembly in semi-span replace by conductor length Lc
with vertical load at support equal to V2
V2 = Wc + W.Xs
P V2.Xs – H.dc – WXs.Xs/2 = 0
dc = [(V2X2) – (WXs.Xs/2] / H
= [(Wc+WXs).Xs – WXsXs/2] / H
Increase in conductor sag due to weight of
dead-end assembly = d s – dc
ds – d c = [(Ws+Wc).Xs – Ws.Xs/2]/H – [(Wc+WXs)Xs-WXsXs/2]/H
= Xs.(Ws – WXs) / 2H
Normally the above correction is considered whenever its value
is more than 5% of the conductor sag.
Typical Values:
Xs = 2.52 m
H = 1700 kg
Ws = 78 kg
W = 0.849 kg
Substituting the values
ds – dc = 2.52 × [78 – 0.849 × 2.52] / [2 × 1700]
= 0.056 m
As per above, sag correction is required when the sag is less
than 0.056×100/5 = 1.12m
Calculation of corresponding span:
Sag = W . (Span)2 / 8 × (Tension)
Span = [(sag) × 8 × (Tension) / W]½
= [1.12 × 8 × 1700 / 0.849]½
= 134 m
Therefore weight of the insulator assembly will be considered
when the span between two dead-ends is less than 134m.
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3. OPGW STRINGING MANUAL

3.1 Scope
OPGW (Composite fiber-optic overhead ground wire) is generally
composed of optical fibers in the stainless tube and AS wires
(Aluminium-clad steel wires), aluminium alloy wires or EC-grade
aluminium wires. Accordingly, it is necessary to take care of OPGW
during its stringing to avoid any damages not only for its
mechanical and electrical properties, but also its optical
properties.
Installation procedure for OPGW is basically similar to that for
conventional overhead ground wires in overhead transmission line
construction, however particular attention must be taken for the
protection of optical component.
This paper describes the stringing manual of OPGW briefly in the
above mentioned view point.

3.2 Attention in general

3.2.1 Water Proof
Each ends of OPGW are usually sealed as water-proof at
the factory before shipment. Keen attention must be taken to
maintain these water-proof treatment without spoiling and such
sealing should not be opened until the time of optical fiber
jointing after completion of stringing. Even though the
sealing is opened at the stage of pre-treatment of OPGW end
during installation of stringing clamp, proper re-sealing
practice shall be made accordingly.

3.2.2 Bending
For the protection of optical components housed inside
the OPGW, it is very important to avoid the bending at sharp
angle or the kink of OPGW during handling.
For instance, following general attention shall be paid.
a) Minimum diameter for coiling at site = 1 m
b) Ditto but for stringing sheave = 450 mm
c) Ditto but for tensioner’s capstan = 1.2 m
d) (When OPGW is lifted up, hook is prohibited to use and
suitable devices such as conductor saddle should be used.

X Hook (Prohibited to Use) O Conductor Saddle (Similar

one shall be used)
Fig. 1 Attention when OPGW is lifted up
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3.2.3 Stringing tension

In order to avoid unbalanced tension or over-tension to
OPGW, it is not recommended to pay off OPGW together with
phase conductor or other wires paid in parallel. For the
smooth operation of stringing works, OPGW should be paid off
one by one in a length from individual reel to each stringing
section. Attention must be paid to prevent OPGW from
unbalanced, surging or excess tension throughout paying out
and stringing works.

3.2.4 Compression
For the protection of optical components housed inside
the OPGW, it is very important to minimize the stainless tube
deformation during construction. For instance, all the bolts
of accessories and fittings, especially for clamp, must be
correctly tightened up to the specified torque by means of
qualified torque wrench respectively. The short of fastening
torque causes the lack of gripping force and excessive
fastening causes the deflection of stainless tube.
Furthermore, it is important to use suitable wedge type
of come-along when OPGW is temporarily clamped. Any device to
apply compression force and deform the stainless tube, such as
so-called “Chicago Grip” or “Kito Grip”, should not be used
throughout the stringing operation.

X Chicago Grip x Kito Grip

(Prohibited to use) (Prohibited to use)

O Wedge Type of come-along (should be used)

Fig.2 Attention when OPGW is temporarily clamped

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Table 1 : Tightening torque of bolt for typical accessories

Fittings Specified Torque

Strain Clamp 9.8 kN-cm (1,000 kgf-cm)
PG Clamp 3.9 kN-cm ( 400 kgf-cm)
Fixing Clamp 3.9 kN-cm ( 400 kgf-cm)
Damper 4.9 kN-cm ( 500 kgf-cm)
Note : The above torque should be specified by the
accessory manufacturer in consideration of suitability to
OPGW, when the accessories are supplied from other supplier.

Fig.3 : Arrangement of accessories at the splicing tower

3.2.5 Twisting
Preventing OPGW from twisting during paying out and
stringing works, following general attention shall be paid.
(i) Use the running board with two counter weight
tail
(ii) Use special stringing sheaves for OPGW
(iii) Use the tensioner of double-capstan type or shoe-
chain wheel type
(iv) Use the pulling wire with same lay direction as
OPGW for paying out work
METHOD STATEMENT - 28 -
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3.3 Attention for major equipment

3.3.1 Tensioner
It is recommended to use the tensioner of double-capstan
type or shoe-chain wheel type, which is free from surging of
tension throughout the stringing works and also prevent OPGW
from twisting during paying off.
The minimum diameter of the capstan or wheel is
recommended as 1.2m.

3.3.2 Stringing Sheave

It is well known that the
amount of conductor twisting
during the paying out process
from the drum to the towers is
subjected to design and
(a) Sheave arrangement with line
performance of the stringing horizontal angle
sheave as well as its arrangement
at the tower. The grove width of
conventional type of sheaves is
usually too big for OPGW, since
it is generally design for the
phase conductors.
If the sheave is hung at the
tower with some line horizontal
angle as shown in Fig. 4, it
tends to incline as result OPGW
trends to be twisted by the self- (b) Twisting on conventional
movement along the grove surface. sheave groove
If the weight of sheave is
heavy, the twisting of OPGW is
accelerated as shown in Fig.4(c).
The above mentioned special
sheave has bee developed in
consideration of these phenomena
and has high performance against
OPGW twisting.

(c)Acceleration of twisting on
conventional when weight of
sheave is heavy

Fig.4 : Twist of OPGW on sheave

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This sheave has been developed in order to decrease the

OPGW twisting during paying out from the reel to the tower. In
addition, when the stringing sheaves are arranged at the heavy
holding angle exceeding 60º at the tower, they have to be
replaced by double sheave type in order to reduce angle.
The holding angle shall be calculated by the following
formula.
cos F = cos α – sin2 (E/2) × (cos α + 1)
F – Holding Angle
α = α1 + α2
tan α1 = [W . S1 / (2.T)] + [H1 /S1]
tan α2 = [W . S2 / (2.T)] + [H2 /S2]
E – Horizontal line angle (degree)
W – Conductor weight (kg/m)
T – Stringing tension (kgf)
S1 , S2 - Adjacent spans

Fig.5 : Detail required for calculation of holding angle

Single Sheave (F < 60º) Double Sheave (F ≥ 60º)

Fig.6 : Holding Angle

METHOD STATEMENT - 30 -
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Dimensions (mm)
Type of Suitable dia. of Weight
block OPGW (mm) (kg)
A B C D E F G H
F450 x 60 F 11.4 - 13.0 12.0 450 535 814 273 136 65 50 28
F450 x 170 F 13.1 - 19.4 16.5 450 546 907 342 143 75 50 32
F450 x 290 F 19.5 - 24.5 24.0 600 726 1,065 340 149 80 50 32

Fig.9 : Stringing block for OPGW

3.3.3 Twin Counter Weight

The running board with twin counter weight tandem shall
be installed between wire rope and OPGW in order prevent OPGW
from twisting during the stringing works. This is because of
the following mechanism :
(i)When the foregoing counter weight passes through a
stringing sheave, the behind once can restrain for OPGW
from twisting
(ii) After that, when behind counter weight passes
through a stringing sheave, the foregoing once can
restrain for OPGW from twisting. Attention must be paid
not to install swivel between counter weight and OPGW,
otherwise there is no meaning to install counter weight.
METHOD STATEMENT - 31 -
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Dimension (mm)
Weight of Tail Total Weight
Dia. Of OPGW Weight (kgf) (kg)
A B C
F 11.4 - 15.2 1,367 2,543 700 7.5 39
F 15.3 - 24.5 2,050 3,948 767 11.0 55

Fig.10 : Two tail counter weight

3.3.4 Stringing Clamp

The stringing clamp at leading end of OPGW should provide
enough gripping force against pulling tension throughout
stringing operation, and clamp such as braid clamp and
compression type of clamp are recommended in proper size.

Fig.11 : Braid Clamp

METHOD STATEMENT - 32 -
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Table 2 :Braid Clamp

OPGW
A (mm) B (mm) C (mm) D (mm)
2
Size (mm ) Diam. (mm)
70 11.4 110 110 850 13
120 15.2 110 110 890 13

In order to avoid the decline of the gripping force, some

solid space, preferably solid stainless tube with equivalent
diameter to the stainless tube of optical unit should be
inserted to OPGW in place of optical unit along with the
stringing clamp length. In case of compression type of
stringing clamp, of course the suitable size of dies for
compressor and enough numbers of clamp should be prepared in
advance.

Fig.12 : Compression type stringing clamp

3.3.5 Come-along
Wedge type of come-along should be used for OPGW, but the
wedge must be suitable to it in size and diameter in order to
prevent the stainless tube form excess deformation. When come-
along is installed on OPGW, rubber or similar suitable tube
shall be installed for protection of OPGW surface as shown in
Fig. 13.

Fig.13 : Wedge type come-along

METHOD STATEMENT - 33 -
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3.3.5 Paying out wire for OPGW

It is recommended to use the paying out wire with the
equivalent weight to that of OPGW in order to avoid unbalanced
sagging throughout of the paying off. In addition, the lay
direction of wire shall be same direction as OPGW.

3.4 Arrangement of stringing equipment

The stringing equipment should be arranged in consideration of

sufficient distance from the first tower to each tensioner, which
and temporary anchor position, as shown in Fig.14. Also the
tensioner should be arranged in the straight position to the
stringing sheave at the first tower. The distance ‘L’ between
tensioner and the first sheave is required to be longer than the
required OPGW length to lead down along with tower, which will make
the OPGW handling easier.

Fig.14 : Arrangement of equipment

The holding angle of the sheave at each tower should be

checked in advance and when holding angle is exceeded 60º, double
stringing sheaves should be provided in order to avoid excess
bending of OPGW during stringing works.
The stringing tension shall be calculated in consideration of the
obstacle height and preferably not exceed 1 ton.

3.5 Optical Fiber Attenuation Check

3.5.1 Inspection Flow

Fibers are easily deteriorated their efficiency or gotten
some flaw due to the rough handling etc.. To proof their
METHOD STATEMENT - 34 -
MTS/TL/12
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efficiency as communication link, proper inspection shall be

undertaken in each work steps such as before paying out (after
transportation), after stringing and at each splicing works
individually from the view point of quality assurance. Fig.15
shows a sample flow chart for fibers’ quality assurance
inspection at site.

Fig.15 : Sample flow chart for fiber inspection

3.5.2 Inspection
All tests shall be carried out accordingly and all OTDR
charts shall be printed out and recorded.
METHOD STATEMENT - 35 -
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3.5.2.1 Inspection before paying out

This test is so-called the continuity test to be
carried out for confirming any damage of fibers during
transportation and also for collecting the required data to
assess the comparison from the data obtained after stringing.
Test shall be carried out at the condition of delivered drum,
whose test item shall be :Optical fiber length in each drum”,
“Continuity of fiber”, and “Attenuation loss of fiber”. Such
measurement shall be made by means of OTDR (Optical Time
Domain Reflect meter). OTDR measurement shall be made from
both direction and get mean value.

3.5.2.2 Inspection after stringing

After completion of stringing including sagging and
leading down OPGW to the joint box, this test should be
carried out to confirm any damage of fibers during stringing
works. This test shall be carried out one by one for each
individual drum. The test items are same as above clause 1.

3.5.2.3 Inspection of splice loss

This test shall be carried out for assessing the
performance of splicing works and there are two major items,
namely appearance test at spliced fiber and measurement of
splice loss.
The appearance should be monitored at the screen of
splicing machine, whose criteria is shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Monitor at screen in splicing machine

Appearance Judge Note

Good This is occurred due to the optical
cause. But no influence will be applied
on fiber characteristic.

Good In case of Fiber with big eccentricity

error. But core is in linear.

Good This is occurred due to distortion of

monitor screen.

Bad If the black line is disappeared after

re-discharge and estimated splice loss
is within the criteria., the result
shall be judged as Good.
METHOD STATEMENT - 36 -
MTS/TL/12
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Bad Sometimes estimated splice loss shown

within criteria, however this shall be
rejected.

Bad Sometimes estimated splice loss shown

within criteria, however this shall be
rejected.

3.5.2.4 Fiber loss entire route between repeater stations

After completion of OPGW laying and splicing, completion
test shall be executed by so-called” Cut back method” by means
of power meter and light source to verify that the total line
loss between repeater stations is within the budget loss
value. The expected line loss is
PA – PB ≤ a x L + b x n + C
Where, PA – PB : Actual measured loss (dB)
(Expected line loss)
L: Total fiber cable length (km)
N: Number of Splicing of optical fiber (position)
a: Cable attenuation specified (dB/km)
b: Specified splice loss per joint (dB/point)
C: Connector loss

3.5.2.5 Summary
The required test items are concluded as shown in Table
4.
When OTDR measurement is carried out, the proper scale
range on screen shall be selected to monitor fiber’s
characteristics accurately.
Table 4 Test item for fiber

Test item Timing Test Test Criteria

description method
Continuity Before Fiber length By OTDR As
paying Continuity specified
out Attenuation Point loss
loss <0.1 dB
As
specified
After
stringing
Splice Appearance During Splicing Monitor in As per
loss splicing performance splicer Table 3
Splice loss Splice loss By OTDR As
specified
Entire Attenuation At final Fiber loss By cut PA – PB ≤
route stage (dB) back a.L+b.n+C
method
METHOD STATEMENT - 37 -
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3.6 Stringing manual for OPGW

3.6.1 Packing condition

Usually OPGW is packed and delivered in wooden drum.
Approx. 1.5 meters’ length of rigid stainless tube is also
packed at the internal space provided on the side of drum as
shown in Fig. 16. This rod is used for treatment of both ends
of OPGW during installation of stringing clamp. (Please refer
to clause 3 (4) and 6 (2).)

Fig.16 : Packing condition of OPGW

3.6.2 Treatment of OPGW ends

Optical unit, where fibers are housed inside stainless
tube, shall be prevented from applying tension force during
stringing works. Both ends of this optical unit, therefore,
shall be cut off in the almost same length as holding length by
stringing clamp, and replaced to the above mentioned rigid a
stainless tube. The sequence of this treatment is described as
follows.
METHOD STATEMENT - 38 -
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3.6.2.1 Un-strand of OPGW end

After taking off the vinyl cap installed on OPGW end,
the outer layer of wire strands shall be un-stranded
approx. L1 length from the end as shown in fig. 17. Then
the exposed stainless tube with optical fiber shall be cut
off by pincers or similar tool with the cut length of L2.
This L2 length shall be longer than holding strength
by stringing clamp.

Fig.17 : Un-stranding of OPGW end

3.6.2.2 Installation of vinyl cap

The cut end of stainless tube may be deformed by

pincers and restrain the optical fiber between both face
of cut walls. Not to make fiber free from slide inside
stainless tube, the cut end of stainless tube should be
kept deforming.
For the keeping fiber from slipping in the optical
unit, it is recommendable to deform the tube, about 20
mm, from face of cut walls.
To maintain water-proof condition, the cut end of
deformed tube shall be covered with vinyl cap again and
sealed by vinyl tape and it there is a gap between
deformed tube and the vinyl cap, the gap shall be filled
up by vinyl tape
This vinyl caps are also equipped at the side of
drum together with solid stainless tube.

Fig.18 : Installation of vinyl cap

METHOD STATEMENT - 39 -
MTS/TL/12
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3.6.2.3 Installation of rigid stainless tube

In replace to the stainless tube, similar length of

stainless tube shall be installed at the center position
of OPGW, and outer layer of wires shall be re-stranded
back by hand. As the stringing clamp is
compressed/installed in this stainless tube’s range, the
optical fiber is free from any stringing tension during
paying out operation. It is recommended to have a space
of 30 – 50 mm between vinyl cap and aluminum rod.

Fig.19 : Rigid Stainless Tube and Stringing Clamp

3.6.3 Paying-out and leading down of OPGW

Though a lot of procedure/method for paying-out/leading down
works of OPGW are
Available, on this paper we introduce the efficient high degree
process based on our several experiences.
This plan, of course, is only a model plan, and you can arrange
your own method considering the circumstances and some
restrictions based on peculiar regulation.

3.3.3.1 OPGW paying out

OPGW shall be paid out with the two tail counter weight as
explained in clause 3 (3). During this operation mutual
communication must be made closely between tensioner’s and
puller’s site, and stringing tension should be kept as low as
possible (preferably not exceed 1 ton.)
Preparation of wire A, which leads down OPGW into tower by
means of come-along, should be made on GW arm at the end tower
nearest to the puller side. The lay direction of the wire for
paying out should be same as that of OPGW in order to prevent
from untwisting. And also, the weight of pulling wire should be
METHOD STATEMENT - 40 -
MTS/TL/12
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equivalent to that of OPGW in order to avoid unbalanced

sagging.

Fig.20 : Paying out works

3.6.3.2 Installation of Come-Along at the end tower to puller

side
The required length, to lead down OPGW from top of the
tower to Joint Box at the last tower to puller side, should be
measured and marked in advance at the tensioner side. When
this mark passes through the last second tower, install a
Come-along with pulling wire B (Length : Approx. 120 meters)
at the said marked position. At this stage, a Counter weight
(Approx. 5 kg) should be installed to avoid OPGW twisting.
To make it easy to lead down OPGW into tower in the next
step, pulling wire B and OPGW are to be tightened each other
by means of tightening rope as shown in Fig.21 accordingly.
METHOD STATEMENT - 41 -
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Fig.21 : Installation of Come-along

3.6.3.3 Leading down at puller’s side tower

Upon arrival of OPGW end at the last tower, tight the above
mentioned pulling wire A and B each other, and lead down into
the tower.
Then OPGW is free from any tension between the come-along
and the OPGW end and this end is easily taken out manually.
Pulling the pulling wire A and B by winch carefully and lead
down the released OPGW into tower by hand with paying the
special attention to the bending radius as described in clause
2.
This work step is completed at the stage of the mark’s
arrival at the last tower. Then install the tension clamp
which anchors OPGW with the specified torque and install/clamp
OPGW by means of fixing clamp installed on tower members at 1
– 1.5 meter’s intervals.
METHOD STATEMENT - 42 -
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Fig.22 : Leading down work at puller’s side tower

3.6.3.4 Installation of Come Along at the end tower to

tensioner’s side

During the leading down activities at the puller’s side

tower, Come-Along same manner as mentioned in above clause 2
accordingly. If the OPGW end comes out from drum and
tensioner, this end should be clamped by stringing clamp (or
braid clamp) with counter weight and leading down works at the
puller’s end should be continued.(When OPGW tail is clamped,
the end treatment should be referred clause 6 (2).
METHOD STATEMENT - 43 -
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Fig.23 : Activity at the tensioner’s side tower

3.6.3.5 Leading down at the last tower to tensioner’s side

After clamping OPGW at the last tower to puller side,

OPGW is pulled back by means of winch at the last tower to the
tensioner’s side. In the same manner as described in clause
(3) 3, OPGW end comes free from tension. Taking out pulling
wire and two tail counter weight from OPGW, carry up the cable
end up to GW arm and lead it down into tower body manually.
Upon determination of sag, anchor OPGW by means of strain
clamp and install fixing clamps accordingly.
METHOD STATEMENT - 44 -
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Fig.24 : Activity at the puller’s side tower

3.6.3.6 Protection of OPGW

All of above mentioned sequences from 1 to 5 shall be

completed in one day for each reel. If stringing works
including sagging can not be completed and OPGW has to stay on
aluminum block for one night, OPGW should be tied up and
restrained from movement by means of nylon rope at each
suspension tower. This is because, if OPGW move through
aluminium block at a particular part, OPGW will get
concentrated fatigue and sometimes the inner stainless tube
will be deteriorated.

Fig.25 : Arrangement of OPGW on aluminum block

METHOD STATEMENT - 45 -
MTS/TL/12
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3.7 Model List of Tools OPGW Stringing Works

For the smooth execution of OPGW stringing works. The model
list of the necessary tools is shown in Tables 5 for your
reference.
Table 5 model list of tools for OPGW stringing works
No Description Q’ty/crew Note
1 Shoe chain type of tensioner ( or 1 Unit Groove diameter of wheel
Double-Capstan type) Min 1.2 m
2 Reel Winder 1 Unit -
3 Wire reel 4 Sets -
4 Engine puller 1 Unit Line speed : Max. 30 m
5 Wedge type of come-along 8 Sets Wedge shall be suited to
the OPGW size (diameter)
6 Drum stand (With shaft) 2 Sets -
7 Engine winch for sagging 1 Unit -
8 Stringing block for OPGW 20 Sets Diameter of sheave: min
.450 mm
Polyurethane gum lining
Aluminum alloy casting
9 Portable Telephone 10 Sets or Walkie-talkie
10 Steel pully block 10 sets Sheave diameter : Min.200
(For steel rope used as pulling mm
rope)
11 Snatch block (Single Wheel) 10 Sets -
12 Snatch block (Double wheel) 04 Sets -
13 Screw anchor 10 Sets For Back guy
14 Steel wire rope 4,000x2 Same lay direction as
OPGW
15 Wire connector Depend on -
No. of wire
Rope
16 Sling wire 20 Sets -
17 U-clevis 20 Sets -
18 Lever block 4 sets -
19 Conductor saddle 4 Sets -
20 Braid clamp 2 Sets In case stringing clamp
(or Stringing clamp) (No. of Dies an Compressor are
Drum) required
21 Stringing connector 2 sets -
22 Sagging transit 1 Set -
23 Sagging board 1 Set -
24 Turn-buckle (Hook type) 6 Sets -
25 Torque wrench 4 Sets Torque 400 – 1,000 kgf-cm
26 Socket for torque wrench 4 sets M12, M16, M20, M22
27 Hand winch 2 Sets -
28 Chain hoist 2 Sets -
29 Hydraulic cutter 2 Sets -
30 Pincers 10 Sets -
31 Wire grip 4 Sets -
32 Nylon rope 200 m -
33 Rubber tube 8 pcs. -
34 Vinyl tape As required For OPGW end treatment
METHOD STATEMENT - 46 -
MTS/TL/12
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3.8 Model List of Tools OPGW splicing Works

For the smooth execution of OPGW splicing works. The model list of
the necessary tools is shown in Tables 6 for your reference.

Table 6 model list of tools for OPGW splicing works

No Description Q’ty/crew Note
1 Fusion splicing machine 1 Unit With tube heater /
spare fuse
2 OTDR (with fiber unit) 1 Unit With spare fuse
3 L.D. light source 1 Unit -
4 Optical power meter 2 Unit Optical sensor
5 Fiber connector plug 1 Unit -
6 Portable engine generator 2 Unit -
7 Scaffolding and tent 3 Unit -
8 Cable cutter 2 Sets -
9 Tube cutter 2 Sets -
10 Jacket stripper 3 Sets -
11 Fiber cutter 3 Sets -
12 Pincers 2 Sets -
13 Scissors 2 Sets -
14 Tweezers 2 Sets -
15 Cutter knife 2 Sets -
16 Screw driver (+) (-) 2 Sets -
17 Hexagonal wrench 2 Sets -
18 Torque wrench (with socket) 1 Set -
19 Hacksaw 2 Sets With spare blade
20 Fiber cleaver 3 Sets -
21 V-groove temporary splicer 1 Unit -
22 Dummy fiber 2,000 m -
23 Hand-rap container for washing 2 Sets -
agent
24 Washing agent (Alcohol) 2 Sets -
25 Gauze 2 Sets -
26 Electrical extension cord 2 Sets With tap and cord reel
27 Measuring tape 1 Set -
28 Light stand 2 Sets -
29 Adjustable wrench 2 Sets Coverage : M 12 – M 40
30 Open ended spanner 1 Set -
31 Nippers 1 Set -
32 Hexagon socket screw key 1 Set -
33 Optical telephone 2 Units -
34 Vinyl tape As required -
35 Quick bonding adhesive 2 Sets -
36 Optical patch cord 2 x 5 m With 2 x FC connector
37 Plastic number plate Nos. of
joint Box x
2
METHOD STATEMENT - 47 -
MTS/TL/12
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3.9 Model Schedule

In order to proceed the stringing works smoothly,

Site whose main duties are as follows :

3.9.1 Preparation gang

(i) Transportation of OPGW reel to each stringing section.
(ii) Installation of temporary anchor for tensioner and
puller.
(iii) Construction and dismantle of scaffolding if required.

Being the work value of this gang not very much, these
works can be taken compatibly by the preparation gang of
phase conductor stringing or others.

3.9.2 Stringing gang

(i) Transportation and installation of stringing equipment

such as puller, tensioner, aluminum block and facility
for fiber inspection before paying out.
(ii) Installation of telephone cable along with the route for
stringing work.
(iii) Paying out of pilot wire.
(iv) Paying out and sagging of OPGW.
(v) Clamping OPGW by tension clamps at both ends of tower.
(vi) Leading down of both ends of OPGW along with tower leg.

3.9.3 Fixing gang

(i) Clamping OPGW by suspension clamps.
(ii) Installation of dampers.
(iii) Dismantlement of stringing blocks etc. from tower
structures.
(iv) Clamping OPGW end around joint box. (The OPGW end should
be fixed to the tower structure by nylon rope etc. with
setting up the cable end upward to avoid leakage of rainy
water from the vinyl cap.)
(v) Coiling OPGW end around joint box. (The OPGW end should
be fixed to the tower structure by nylon rope etc. with
setting up the cable end upward to avoid leakage of rainy
water from the vinyl cap.)
(vi) Installation of joint box at the specified location on
tower.
METHOD STATEMENT - 48 -
MTS/TL/12
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Fig.26 : Setting up OPGW end upward

3.9.4 Stage Construction gang

(i) Construction, dismantlement and transportation of
temporary working stage together with tent, generator,
air conditioner and other facilities to protector against
direct sunshine, sandy wind and high temperature during
jointing works.

3.9.5 Pre-installation test gang

(i) Fiber inspection before stringing (This test should be
carried out before starting the stringing works.
(ii) Treatment of OPGW cable ends before starting the paying
out works.
(iii) Insertion of OPGW end into the joint box after stringing
works.
METHOD STATEMENT - 49 -
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3.9.6 Jointing gang

(i) Fiber inspection after stringing.
(ii) Jointing works together with the splice loss measurement.
(iii) Fiber loss measurement between repeater stations.

This gang shall be divided into three (3) teams at the

separated towers consisting of light source gang, jointing
gang and measurement gang throughout the works. Accordingly,
three vehicles shall be provided for the transportation of
jointers and necessary equipment to each required tower spots.
The model activities by each gang are shown in Table 7 for
your reference.

This document included appendix of 2 pages.

METHOD STATEMENT - 50 -
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METHOD STATEMENT - 51 -
MTS/TL/12
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Appendix
Fiber Protector
This appendix is instructed about handling of “Fiber Protector” is
assembling joint boxes.
A. Material
Fiber protector is shown in the following photo.
This fiber protector shall be used to prevent optical fibers from
the sharp edge of optical tube after cutting it.

B. Instruction

B.1 Manual to fit ‘Fiber Protector’ to the optical tube

Please fit this protector to the optical tube along the following
instruction.

No. Process Figure Explanation

1 Cutting Cut the surface of the
Optical tube optical tube with pipe
cutter to a certain
extent.
* Cute the tube not to
damage the optical
fibers.
METHOD STATEMENT - 52 -
MTS/TL/12
Rev:0/01-02-09

2 Breaking off Break off the tube not

optical tube to damage the fibers
carefully.

3 Pulling the Pull out the only tube

optical tube but don’t pull out the
fibers, and remove the
jelly inside carefully.
Take care not to pull
fibers.
4 Inserting Insert the fiber
fiber protector on the fibers.
protector

5 Securing Secure the fiber

fiber protector to the edge of
protector the tube and fix it
without fail.
• If the fiber protector
is not inserted into
the tube smoothly,
repeat No. 1,2,3 and 4
processes.

• Finally, please confirm

that the fiber
protector cannot be
pulled out easily
METHOD STATEMENT - 53 -
MTS/TL/12
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After this process is finished, insert OPGW to joint box and

assemble it.

B.2 Others
Regarding others, please assemble the joint box (splice case) in
accordance with splice case maker’s instructions manual not to
damage fibers carefully.
METHOD STATEMENT - 54 -
MTS/TL/12
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4. MACHINERY AND TOOL LIST FOR STRINGING

4.1 Conductor and Earth Cable Stringing

No. Description
S-120 Hydraulic Puller ARS 400
S-220 Hydraulic Tensioner FRS 402
S-520 Hydraulic Reel Elevator CVI 600
S-540 Anti-twisting Steel Pilot Rope + Nylon Rope
S-570 Single Conductor Pulleys CAS 500 + CAS 404
S-630 Fixed Joint + Swivel Joint
S-650 Self Gripping Clamps MOT 001 + MOT 010
S-690 Thermometer + Cover Joints
S-720 Service Snatch Blocks
S-750 Lifting Tackles + Lifting Hoist
S-760 Tirfor
S-770 Zoom Sag-scope + Shears
S-780 Hydraulic Dynamometer
S-800 Working Platforms
S-850 Grounding Device
Dynamometer (Enerpac)
Temporary Mesh Sock Joints
Wedge / Mouth type Come-along Clamp
METHOD STATEMENT - 55 -
MTS/TL/12
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4.2 OPGW Stringing

No. Description
S-120 Hydraulic Puller ARS 400
S-220 Hydraulic Tensioner FRS 402
S-520 Hydraulic Reel Elevator CVI 600
S-540 Nylon Pilot Rope
S-570 Single Conductor Pulleys CAS 500 + CAS 404
S-630 Fixed Joint + Swivel Joint
S-720 Service Snatch Blocks
S-750 Lifting Tackles + Lifting Hoist
S-760 Tirfor
S-770 Zoom Sag-scope + Shears
S-780 Hydraulic Dynamometer
S-800 Working Platforms
S-850 Grounding Device
Dynamometer (Enerpac)
Temporary Mesh Sock Joints
Head Board
Wedge / Mouth type Come-along Clamp