100 Kalrashukla Classes : JEE Main - Mathematics

Unit - 05

Mathematical Induction

Do you know ?

n(n  1)
1. The sum of first n natural numbers = n  2
.

2 n(n  1) (2n  1)
2. The sum of squares of first n natural numbers = n 
6
n 2 (n  1)2
3
3. The sum of cubes of first n natural numbers =  n   ( n) 2
4
4. The sum of first n even positive integers =  2n  n(n  1)
2
5. The sum of first n odd positive integers =  (2n  1)  n
n(n  1) (n  2)
6.  n(n  1)  3
n(n  1) (n  2) ( n  3)
7.  n(n  1) (n  2)  4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. 1 + 3 + 7 + 15 ... n terms =
(1) 2n+1  n  2 (2) n2 + n  2 (3) 2n + n2  n (4) (n + 1)2 + n + 2

 1 1 1  1 
2.  1    1   1   ...  1  
 2   3   4   n 1 
1 n n n
(1) (2) (3) (4)
n 1 n 1 2n  1 3n  1

3. 13 + 232 + 333 +  + n3n =

(2n  1) 3n 1  3 (2n  1) 3n 1  3 (2n  1) 3n1  3 (2n  1) 3n 1  3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 4 4 4

4. 11! + 22! + 33! +  + nn! =

(1) (n + 1)!  1 (2) (n 1)! + 1 (3) (n + 1)! + 1 (4) (n 1)! 1
Mathematical Induction - MCQs 101

5. (1) + (1  2) + (1 + 2 + 3) + ... n brackets =

n(n  1)(n  2) n(n  1) (3n 2  23n  46)
(1) (2)
6 12
n(27 n3  90n 2  45n  50) n(n  1) (2n  1)
(3) (4)
4 6

6. If (1) + (2 + 3 + 4) + (5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9) + . . ., then the sum of the terms in the nth bracket is

( n  1) ( n  2)
(1) (n 1)3 + n3 (2) (n + 1)3 + 8n2 (3) (4) (n + 1)3 + n3
6n
3 15 63
7.    ... n terms =
4 16 64
1 n 1 1 n 1 1 n 1 1 n 1
(1) n  4  (2) n  4  (3) n  4  (4) n  4 
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

8. cos cos 2 cos 4 ... cos 2n1 =

(1) sin 2n  n
(2) sin 2  (3) cos 2n  (4) cos 2 n 
2 n sin  sin  2 n cos  2 n sin 

9. Let S(k) = 1 + 3 + 5 + ... + (2k 1) = 3 + k2. Then which of the following is true ?
(1) S(1) is correct (2) Principle of mathematical induction can be used to prove the formula
(3) S ( k )  S ( k  1) (4) S (k )  S (k  1)

n(n  1)2
10. The sum of the first n terms of the series 12 + 2.22 + 32 + 2.42 + 52 + 2.62 + ... is when n is even.
2
When n is odd the sum is
2
3n ( n  1)  n (n  1)  n (n  1) 2 n 2 (n  1)
(1) (2)   (3) (4)
2  2  4 2
1 5 1 3 7
11. For nN, n  n  n is
5 3 15
(1) an integer (2) a natural number (3) a positive fraction (4) none of these

12. 102n1 +1 for all nN is divisible by

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 7 (4) 11

13. For all integers n 1, which of the following is divisible by 9

(1) 8n + 1 (2) 4n  3n  1 (3) 32n + 3n + 1 (4) 10n + 1

14. The sum of the cubes of three successive natural numbers is divisible by
(1) 7 (2) 9 (3) 25 (4) 26

(n  2)!
15. is divisble by
(n  1)!
(1) 6 (2) 11 (3) 24 (4) 26

16. If nN, then x2n+1 + y2n+1 is divisible by

(1) x  1 (2) x  y (3) x + y (4) y  1
102 Kalrashukla Classes : JEE Main - Mathematics

(2n)!
17. 
2 (n !)2
2n

1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3n  1 3n  2 3n  4 3n  4

18. If n > 1, then

(2n)! 4n (2n)! 4n (2n)! 4n
(1) 2
 (2) 2
 (3) 2
 (4) none of these
(n !) 2n  1 (n !) 2n  1 (n !) 2n  1

19. 10 n  3.4 n  2  k is divisible by 9 for all nN. Then the least positive integral value of k is
(1) 5 (2) 3 (3) 7 (4) 1

20. A student was asked to prove a statement by induction. He proved (i) P(5) is true and (ii) truth of
P(n) truth of P(n + 1), nN. On the basis of this, he could conclude that P(n) is true
(1) for no n (2) for all n  (3) for all n (4) none of these

21. Let P(n) denote the statement that n2 + n is odd. It is seen that P(n)  P(n + 1), P(n) is true for all
(1) n > 1 (2) n (3) n > 2 (4) none of these

22. If P(n) = 2 + 4 + 6 + ... + 2n, n  N, then P(k) = k(k + 1) + 2  P(k + 1) = (k + 1) (k + 2) + 2 for all k  N.
So we can conclude that P(n) = n(n + 1) + 2 for
(1) All n  N (2) n > 1 (3) n > 2 (4) Nothing can be said

23. If a1 = 1 and an = nan1 for all positive integer n , then a5 is equal to
(1) 125 (2) 120 (3) 100 (4) 24

24. Using mathematical induction, then numbers an s are defined by a0 = 1, an+1 = 3n2 + n + an, (n  0). Then an =
(1) n3 + n2 + 1 (2) n3  n2 +1 (3) n3  n2 (4) n3 + n2

1 1 1
25. Statement -I : For every natural number n  2,   ...   n
1 2 n
Statement -II : For every natural number n  2, n(n  1)  n  1

(1) Statement I is true, Statement II is true, Statement II is not a correct explanation for Statement I
(2) Statement I is true, Statement II is false
(3) Statement I is false, Statement II is true
(4) Statement I is true, Statement II is true, Statement II is a correct explanation for Statement I

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