DESIGN OF 75 PAX SOLAR

CATAMARAN FERRY
FINAL PROJECT PRESENTATION
GAURAV TEHLAN
21518019
DEPARTMENT OF SHIP TECH.
CUSAT - KOCHI

 CONTENTS
THIS PRESENTATION WILL GO AS FOLLOWS

Advantages of Cost Propulsion Parent Ship Various

SOLAR Ferry Analysis System Analysis Checks

Preliminary Resistance of Further

Lines Bonjean
General Ship Scope
Plan Curves
Arrangement

 1 4
Environment Zero

ADVANTAGES
Friendly emissions

OF SOLAR
Reduction in daily
operating cost 2 ENERGY 5
Long term
profitability

Cleanest, cheapest

3 6
Good source for
and most abundant
emergency lights
source of energy

 HOW A SOLAR FERRY

WORKS
BASIC OVERVIEW OF ENERGY GENERATION AND
CONSUMPTION

There are three different cases for the energy production and
1
generation in SOLAR ferry detailed as follows:- SUNNY DAYS

• Total energy consumption from solar panel and charging as DURING

OPERATION
well.
• Some energy consumption from solar panel and rest from
CASES OF
storage batteries.
• Total energy from grid.
2 OPERATION 3

CLOUDY DAYS OF SHORE

OPERATION CHARGING

 CASE

0NE

Month Report.
KeyNote Business Template
 CASE

TWO

Month Report.
KeyNote Business Template
 CASE

THREE

Month Report.
KeyNote Business Template
 Why Catamaran?

More transv. Statical stability due to

high B/D ratio
Large deck area for SOLAR panel
Less resistance due to low L/B ratio
Reduced wetted surface area.

11

 to be followed
HSC - CODE OF IRS CLASSIFICATION SOCIETY

The IRS class doesn't have separate rules for

inland vessels.
They have provided a clause stating that this
code can be used for inland ferry construction.

KERALA INLAND VESSEL RULES

It was last amended in 2010.

All inland vessels of kerala needs to comply
with it.

* However, there is a need of more appropriate rules for inland waterways of India.

 WHY GRP ? 5. MOULD

1. WEIGHT Once the mould is prepared, the
The weight is very less preparation of same prototypes is
comparable to another materials. very easy.

6. POWERING
2. COATINGS Low powering is required
The anti- corrosive coatings are because of less weight.
not at all required because of its
non-corrosive nature.

3. COST
The cost of GRP is very less 7. LABOUR COST
comparable to another hull Less amount of labour cost is
materials. required for construction.

8. CONSUMABLES
4. MAINTENENCE No consumables are required for
There is no periodic maintenance fabrication,such as welding rods,
required for GRP. gas, electricity etc.

 GRAPHICAL VIEW ! This graph gives comparison

between different materials to
be used for hull construction.
The illustrated materials are
as follows:

Steel
Aluminium
Glass Reinforced Plastic

Hence, GRP is best for

inland vessels.
14

 COST
FINANCE
COST
OPERATING
COST
ANALYSIS RECYCLING
COST
CAPITAL
COST

VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF COST

ESTIMATION

 NO 9.94 14.2
RECYCLING LAKH LAKH 3.65 CR

1 2 3 4
RECYCLING OPEX FINANCE CAPEX

This is the initial cost of

In the total cost of Finance cost is the cost
At the end of its life, owning the boat.
operating the boat,
there is a recycling cost, to be raised by
there are three broad
but the residual value of cost groups: investors for the
materials and i. Energy completion of vessel
equipment in the boat ii. Maintenance which is to be paid back
may be higher than this. iii. Crew and overheads in a duration of time.

17
OPTIONS FOR DIFFERENT GRADE OF BATTERIES

LCO
LTO
Lithium cobalt oxide
LFP
Lithium iron phosphate
Lithium titanium oxide

LMO NMC NCA

Lithium manganese oxide
Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium
Lithium nickel manganese cobalt
 SOME FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR
SELECTION OF BATTERIES
THE FACTORS WILL DECIDE THE SELECTION OF BATTERIES FOR THE FERRY FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF BATTERY GRADES

LCO,NMC and NCA

LTO and LFP have LTO has the highest
have the high
the greatest lifespan. performance quality.
specific energy.

01 03 05
02 06
SAFETY SPECIFIC 04 COST
LIFESPAN SPECIFIC
POWER PERFORMANCE
ENERGY

LTO and LFP have LTO is the most

LFP has the highest
the highest safety costly battery among
specific power.
properties. all listed here.

19

 LET’S COMPARE
Battery Speci c Speci c
Safety Lifespan Performance Cost
Types Power Energy

LTO High High Moderate High High Low

LFP High High High Moderate Low Low

COMPARISON
LCO Low Low Low Moderate Low High

NMC Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Low High

LMO Moderate Low Moderate Low Low Moderate

20 NCA Low Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate High

fi
fi
21
 PORT AND
STARBOARD
ARE
COMPLETELY
INDEPENDENT
AND NOT
CONNECTED
WITH EACH
OTHER

22
 Parent Ship Data Analysis
Ser L B D T Speed L/B B/T L/T L/D PAX
(Knots)
1 24 7 1.6 0.8 7.5 3.42 8.75 30 15 100
2 20 7 1.6 0.8 7.5 2.85 8.75 30 12.5 75
3 18 6.5 1.4 0.7 7 2.76 9.28 25.714 12.85 60
4 12 3.5 1.2 0.6 7 3.42 5.833 20 10 30

PAX vs L/D
L/T vs Pax 110
y = 0.0346x2.9604
100
y = 0.0122x2.6099

82.5
75

PAX
Pax

50 55

25
27.5

0
0 7.5 15 22.5 30 0
0 3.75 7.5 11.25 15
L/T
L/D
L V/S Pax B v/s Pax
110 100
y = 0.3886x1.749 y = 4.8372x1.4413

82.5 75
Pax

Pax
55 50

27.5
25
23

0
0 6 12 18 24 0
0 1.75 3.5 5.25 7
Length B
 MAIN DIMENSIONS
FINALISED BY USING PARENT SHIP ANALYSIS AND CONSIDERING PRELIMINARY GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

L =21 m b = 1.81 m D = 1.6 m S = 5.18 m B=7m

24
 ROUTE ANALYSIS WHERE IS IT GOING TO OPERATE

MANGLADEVI TEMPLE
• Ancient temple
1 • Dense woods 1
• Traditional Kerala architecture.

MULLAPERIYAR DAM
• Built by Britishers in 1895.
2 • Great source for Tamil Nadu.
• Used for watering paddy fields.

PERIYAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Rich jungles in Thekkaddy
3 2
3 •
Spread across 777 sq.km.
•

• Great source of tourist attraction.

25

26
 PICTURES MAKES IT MORE
CLEAR….

MANGLADEVI MULLAPERIYAR PERIYAR

TEMPLE DAM WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

 VARIOUS CHECKS
DIFFERENT CHECKS FOR DIFFERENT PARAMETERS

1. 2. 3. 4.
DISPLACEMENT STABILITY FREEBOARD TRIM
CHECK CHECK CHECK CHECK

The displacement The stability of the vessel is Trim check of the

The freeboard check
check has been done checked using regression vessel is done by
formulas given by Normand, is carried out in
with reference to the calculating individual
Schneekluth, Normand ii, accordance with KIV
HSC code of IRS and Dadzus-Danekuadth , and
trimming moments of
rules and design is
the clearance of average off all the values is all the components and
found safe.
0.091396 is found. taken and design is found safe. design is found safe.

28

 VARIOUS CHECKS
DIFFERENT CHECKS FOR DIFFERENT PARAMETERS

5. 6. 7. 8.
TURNING WIND OVERCROWDING
PRESSURE OF PASSENGERS COMBINED
ON 1 SIDE EFFECT
OF VESSEL

The passengers may The effect of turning, wind

The heeling moment Heeling moment due
get overcrowded on pressure and overcrowding
due to turning is to wind pressure is
one side of the vessel, is added and found to be
checked and found to calculated and found
considering the worst 7.52 degrees which is less
be 1.55 which is less to be 1.77 which is than 8 degrees. Hence
condition, it is found to
than 8 degrees. less than 12 degrees. design is safe .
be 4.2 < 10 degrees.

29

 Freeboard Check
KIV RULES

Freeboard(cm)
According to KIV rules, the freeboard of
80

y = 3.1667x + 19 Inland vessels is dependent on linear

constraints as shown in the graph.
60

Ser Length(m) Freeboard(cm)

Freeboard

40
1 6 38
2 18 76
20

0
0 4.5 9 13.5 18

Length
 Displacement
Check

Δ = WL + DWT = 13.2591396 t + 14.508 t

Δ = 27.76 tonnes

Now, for verification of the displacement check, calculating the values for the equation given below as follows:-

Δ’ = wsw* ▽’

▽’ = CB * LPP * B * T* K
Ref: Methodologies of Ship Design, Springer, Apostles Papanikolaou
▽’ = 0.5 X 18.64 X 1.8 X 0.8 X 1.006 = 13.501 IRS HSC-CODE
Δ = 13.501 X 1.025
Δ = 13.838
For 02 demihulls, 13.838 X 2 = 27.676 tonnes

The difference is, 27.76 - 27.76 = 0.091

Value of R is 0.386

*Hence, the design is safe, as the margin is less than the 3% of Light Ship weight.

 NPL ROUND BILGE SERIES DEVELOPMENT OF LINES PLAN

Scale = Lmodel/Lship = 2.54/18.64 = 0.1362 = 1/7.338

The reduced ship dimensions become :

L = 2.54m; B = 0.21 m; T = 0.1091 m

Now, Waterline ratio = 0.1091/0.14 = 0.77

Offset ratio = 0.2181/0.4064 = 0.53

Now, these ratios needs to be multiplied to the offset table

already provided by NPL Series by various methods.
32

33
 Body Plan

34
 Half Breadth Plan & Diagonal

35
 Pro le View

36
fi
 PRELIMINARY GENERAL
ARRANGEMENT
FOR MAIN DIMENSION SELECTION

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ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci
tation ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum
iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis
dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Nam liber tempor cum soluta nobis eleifend insitam; est usus legentis
in iis qui facit eorum saepius. Claritas est etiam processus dynamicus, qui sequitur mutationem
consuetudium lectorum. Mirum est notare quam littera gothica, quam nunc putamus parum claram,
anteposuerit litterarum formas humanitatis per seacula quarta decima et quinta decima. Eodem
modo typi, qui nunc nobis videntur parum clari, fiant sollemnes in futurum.

37
 PRELIMINARY GENERAL
ARRANGEMENT
FOR MAIN DIMENSION SELECTION

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt
ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci
tation ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum
iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis
dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Nam liber tempor cum soluta nobis eleifend insitam; est usus legentis
in iis qui facit eorum saepius. Claritas est etiam processus dynamicus, qui sequitur mutationem
consuetudium lectorum. Mirum est notare quam littera gothica, quam nunc putamus parum claram,
anteposuerit litterarum formas humanitatis per seacula quarta decima et quinta decima. Eodem
modo typi, qui nunc nobis videntur parum clari, fiant sollemnes in futurum.

38
 BONJEAN
AREAS
The curve contains the area
curves at different stations
with data for different
waterlines.

 BONJEAN
MOMENTS
The curve contains the
moment curves at different
stations with data for different
waterlines.

HYDROSTATICS
The curve contains the following
parameters:-
• Volume Displacement
• Mass Displacement
• KB & KMT (same scale)
• BML, IL, IT, LCF, LCB, MCT1cm, TPC
• CB, CP, CM, CW

 RESISTANCE OF SHIP
1. 2. 3.

Schwetz and Sahoo, Browne &

Millward’s Graph
Sahoo Series Salas Series

 WHY THESE SERIES, NOT

CONVENTIONAL METHODS?
Catamaran contains two Demi-hulls.
There is wave interference between both the demi-hulls.
This may be advantageous as well as disadvantageous
depending on type of interference of wave.

Anny Stark Extra factor has to be added to total resistance.

CTCAT = (1+ϕk) CF + CW
= velocity augmentation b/w hulls
(1+k) = form factor
ϕ and = (for practical purposes)
𝝈
𝝈
𝛾
𝝈

 DETERMINATION OF COEFF.’S
FOR VARIOUS RESISTANCE METHODS, REGRESSION COEFFICIENTS WERE DETERMINED
W.R.T. FROUDE NUMBERS

1 2 3

1.5 y = 0.0083x2 - 0.2496x + 2.6944 2E+12 y = 1.078E+12x - 8.261E+11

y = -7.4557x - 4.0982 3.75 y = -19.86x + 6.543

1.5E+12 y = 0.2938x - 0.3524

2.5 y = -4.36x + 1.308
1.125 y = 0.1672x - 0.274
y=0
1.25
1E+12
y = 0.0833x - 0.0403
y = 9.45x - 1.89

0.75 y = 0.9377x + 1.3952 0 y = 8.42x - 5.808

5E+11
y = -0.9048x - 1.7014
-1.25 y = 2.85x - 0.609

y = 0.0539x + 0.9098
-2.5 y = 2.86x - 0.771

0.375 y = -1.26x + 0.289

0E+00 -3.75 y = -0.06x + 1.007

-5
0 -5E+11
0 2.25 4.5 6.75 9 0 0.075 0.15 0.225 0.3
0 0.35 0.7 1.05 1.4

Millward’s Schwetz and Sahoo Sahoo, Browne and

Method Series Salas Series
44

DIFFERENT METHOD 1.9

ANALYSIS…..
1.8

The resistance output given by various method is as

follows:- 1.7

1. Millward’s method = 1.616 kN

1.6
2. Schewtz and Sahoo series = 1.823 kN

3. Sahoo, Browne and Salas series = 1.646 kN 1.5

method 1 method 2 method 3

Maximum value of resistance may be taken for design consideration.

 FURTHER SCOPE…
In ated Wing Sail
IWS is stable in every wind conditions.
There is no pressure on the boat‘s structure.
IWS offers a smooth balanced new way of
sailing.
No more winches, halyards, shrouds or complex
deck equipments.

IWS is made of:

A double skin forming a symetrical airfoil

Fans placed inside the leading edge, stabilizing
the sail’s shape for every wind conditions
Free-standing and retractable mast located at
the airfoil’s aerodynamic center
fl