Physical Education Project on

Basketball

Submitted By: Submitted To:

MR./MS. ______________ MR. Naresh Thombare
Class: _____________ (Physical Ed. Teacher)
Roll Number: _____
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr./Ms. ______________

student of class X11th (Science) has
successfully completed the project on
Basketball under the guidance of
Mr. Naresh Thombare during the academic year
of 2021-22 on the partial fulfilment
of physical education assignment conducted by
CBSE.

Signature Of Candidate Signature Of Teacher

Signature Of Principal Signature Of External

 Acknowledgement

I would like to thank my teacher Mr. Naresh sir for

guiding me through this project and for their valuable
inputs which provide me with a constant nudge for
improvement.

It is imperative to thank our principal, Ms. Preetika Das

for providing me the opportunity to work on this
project.

It goes without saying that my parents have

also helped me in this project. My thanks
also goes to them also.

This project and reading up on the same has provided

me with an in depth and understanding of the topic. It
has nurtured my scientific temperament and curiosity.
 Index

1. History of the Game

2. Invention of the Game
3. Rules
4. Field & Measurement
5. Terminologies
6. Warm Up Activities & Stretching
7. Fundamental Skill
8. How to treat Basketball Injuries
9. How to prevent Basketball Injuries
10. Tournaments
11. Important Personalities
 History Of Basketball

The history of basketball began with its invention in

1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts by Canadian
physical education instructor James Naismith as a less
injury-prone sport than football.

The game became established fairly quickly, very

popular as the 20th century progressed, first in America
and then throughout the world.

After basketball became established in American

colleges, the professional game followed; the American
National Basketball Association (NBA), established in
1949, grew to a multi-billion-dollar enterprise by the
end of the century, and basketball became an integral
part of American culture.
 Invention Of the Game

The game of Basketball, as we know it today was created by

Dr. James Naismith in December 1891 in Springfield,
Massachusetts to condition young athletes during the cold.

It consisted of peach baskets and a soccer style ball. He

published 13 rules for the new game. He divided his class of
18 into two teams of nine players each and set about to teach
them the basics of his new game.

The objective of the game was to throw the basketball into

the fruit baskets nailed to the lower railing of the gym
balcony.

Every time a point was scored, the game was halted so the
janitor could bring out a ladder and retrieve the ball. After a
while, the bottoms of the fruit baskets were removed. The
first public basketball game was played in Springfield,
Massachusetts, on March 11, 1892.
 Original Rules
1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or
both hands.

2. The ball be batted in any direction with one or both

hands.

3. A player cannot run with the ball, the player must throw
it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be
made for a man who catches the ball when running at
good speed.

4. The ball must be held in or between the hands, the arms

or body must not be used for holding it.

5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping or striking in

any way the person of an opponent shall be allowed.
The first infringement of this rule by any person shall
count as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the
next goal is made, or if there was evident intent to
 injure the person, for the whole of the game, no
substitute.

6. A foul is striking the ball with the fist, violation of rules

3 and 4, and such as described in rule 5.

7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall

count a goal for opponents.

8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted

from grounds into the basket and stays there if the ball
rests on the edge and the opponent moves the basket it
shall count as a goal.

9. When the ball goes out of bounds it shall be thrown into

the field and played by the person first touching it. In
case of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into
the field. The "thrower-in" is allowed five seconds. If
he holds it longer it shall go to the opponent. If any side
persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a
foul on them.
10. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall
note the fouls, and notify the referee when three
consecutive fouls have been made.

11. The referee shall be the judge of the ball and shall
decide when the ball is in play, in-bounds, and to which
side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide
when a goal has been made and keep account of the
goals with any other duties that are usually performed
by a referee.

12. The time shall be fifteen-minute halves, with five-

minute rests between.

13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be
declared the winner. In the case of a draw, the game
may, by agreement of the captains, be continued until
another goal is made.
 Field and Measurement

Basketball Sizes
Size Circumferenc Recommended For
e
Size 7 29.5 Men and Boys Ages 15 and UP
Size 6 28.5 Boys Ages 12-14. Women ages 12-UP
Size 5 27.5 Boys and Girls age 9-11
Size 4 25.5 Boys and Girls age 5-8
Size 3 22 Boys and Girls age 4-8
Size 1 16 Boys and Girls age 2-4
Nerf Toy 9-20 Great For Toddlers 0-4 Years Old

Field Dimensions
 Terminologies

 Backboard - The rectangular piece of wood or

fiberglass that the rim attaches to.

 Bench - The substitute basketball players.

 Blocked Shot - When a defensive basketball player

makes contact with the basketball while another
player is shooting the ball.

 Bounce Pass - In this pass, the basketball bounces

about two-thirds of the way from the passer to the
receiver.

 Charging - An offensive foul, which occurs when

an offensive player runs into a defender who has
established position.

 Dunk - A shot in which a jumping player slams the

ball down into the opponent's basket from above.
 Foul - Actions by players, which break the rules but
are not floor violations.

 Jump shot - Field-goal attempt by a player with

both feet off the floor, enabling the player to shoot
over the defender.

 Rebound - A term used to describe the actual

retrieving of the ball as it rebounds from the
backboard or the ring after a missed shot.
 Warm Up Activities &
Stretching

We start with the specific exercise down one side of the

court and jog out the rest of the lap to really warm-up.

1. Dynamic Warm-Up - High knee pulls, lunges,

high knees, power skips, high knees, reverse knee
pulls.

2. Stretch Lines - Arm circles forward and back,

shoulder stretch, ins and outs with arms straight at
the elbow, hanging hamstring stretch, toe grabber
ham-string stretch, seated right arm/left leg sit and
reach and reverse, right and left leg sit and reach
with both hands and knee bent, both legs straight
out sit and reach, groin stretch, standing splits and
25 old fashioned jumping jacks.
 At the end of this stretch and warm-up your
basketball players should be warm and ready to go.

Fundamental Skill

1. Dribbling - Dribbling is an important skill for

all basketball players. This skill will allow you to
move up and down the court, maneuver past
defenders and execute plays. Proper dribbling
requires ball-handling skills and knowledge of how
to spread your fingers for ball control.

2. Shooting - In order to score points in

basketball, you need to shoot the ball into the hoop.
This requires the ability to properly hold and throw
the ball into the air toward the basket while
avoiding defenders.

3. Running - Running is a big part of basketball.

In a full-court game, you will find yourself running
back and forth as the game quickly transitions
between offense and defense.
4. Passing - Passing is another skill that when
mastered can help you become a complete
basketball player. Basketball is a team sport that
involves finding a teammate who is open for a shot.

5. Jumping - Jumping is another skill that can

define how good a basketball player is. Jumping is
involved in offense during the jump ball in the
beginning, while taking shots and sometimes while
trying to catch a pass.
How To Treat Basketball
Injuries

1. Ankle Sprains - Treatment for an ankle sprain

involves rest, ice, compression, and elevation
(RICE). The need for X-rays and evaluation by a
physician is determined on a case-by-case basis
and depends on the severity and location of pain.
Pain and swelling over the bone itself may need
further evaluation. An injury to the ankle in a
child who is still growing could represent a simple
sprain or could be the result of an injury to the
growth plates located around the ankle and should
be evaluated by a physician.

2. Deep Thigh Bruising - Treatment includes rest,

ice, compression, and elevation. Commercially
available girdles with thigh pads are now
available for protection.
3. Knee Injuries - Basketball requires extensive stop
and go and cutting maneuvers which can put the
ligaments and menisci of the knee at risk. Injury
to the medial collateral ligament is most common
following a blow to the outside of the knee and
can be often be treated with ice, bracing and a
gradual return to activity.

4. Jammed Fingers - Jammed fingers occur when the

ball contacts the end of the finger and causes
significant swelling of a single joint. Application
of ice and buddy taping the finger to the adjacent
finger may provide some relief and allow the
athlete to return to play. If pain and swelling
persist, evaluation by a physician or athletic
trainer is recommended and an x-ray of the finger
may be needed.

5. Stress Fractures - Stress fractures can occur from

a rapid increase in activity level or training or
from overtraining. Stress fractures in basketball
most commonly occur the foot and lower leg
(tibia). Once diagnosed, a period of
 immobilization and non-weight bearing is
recommended. Return to play is permitted once
the fracture has completely healed and the athlete
is pain free.

6. Facial Cuts - Depending on the depth of the

injury, the cut may require stitches or a "butterfly"
sterile tape. Ice may provide pain relief and
decrease swelling. Players can return to play after
all blood is removed and the wound is dressed.
How To Prevent Basketball
Injuries

1. Have a pre-season physical examination and

follow your doctor's recommendations for
basketball injury prevention.

2. Hydrate adequately - waiting until you are

thirsty is often too late to hydrate properly.

3. Pay attention to environmental

recommendations, especially in relation to
excessively hot and humid weather, to help avoid
heat illness.

4. Maintain proper fitness - injury rates are higher

in athletes who have not adequately prepared
physically.
5. The athlete should return to play only when
clearance is granted by a health care professional.

6. After a period of inactivity, progress gradually

back to full contact basketball through activities
such as aerobic conditioning, strength training, and
agility training.

7. Avoid overuse injuries - more is not always

better! Many sports medicine specialists believe that
it is beneficial to take at least one season off each
year. Try to avoid the pressure that is now exerted
on many young athletes to over-train. Listen to your
body and decrease training time and intensity if pain
or discomfort develops. This will reduce the risk of
injury and help avoid "burn-out."

8. Talk with your coach and/or athletic trainer

about an ACL injury prevention program and
incorporating training principles into team warm-
ups.
 Tournaments

 Top Tournaments:
 Basketball World Cup
 Olympic Games

 American Tournaments:
 NBA
 Argentine League LNB

 European Tournaments:
 Euroleague
 Italian League
 Spanish ACB League

 National Teams Tournaments:

 European Championships
  South American Championships

Important Personalities

1. Michael Jordan
2. Wilt Chamberlain
3. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar
4. Bill Russell
5. Satnam Singh Bhamara
6. Larry Bird
7. Tim Duncan
8. Oscar Robertson
9. Shaquille O'Neal
10. Hakeem Olajuwon