2ND

EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY

1
LEAD-IN
INDEX
PARTS OF SPEECH
1A
1 changed  2 according  3 the  4 It’s being suggested 
UNIT 1  1 5 to forget  6 might  7 get hold of  8 remembering 
9 Interestingly  10 on

origins
UNIT 2 5 1 according  2 changed  3 to forget  4 Interestingly  5 the 
6 get hold of  7 might  8 It’s being suggested 
9 remembering  10 on

UNIT 3 8 ERROR CORRECTION

2A
1 One of the most interesting of things about my job is the
UNIT 4 12 people I meet.
2 I haven’t seen my parents for five years.
3 I studied geography at university so I know a lot about different
countries.
UNIT 5 15 4 I haven’t told anybody about my hobby.
5 It’s difficult to find work these days.
6 I’ve been to Spain many times in the last few years.
7 Do you think it’s warm enough for me to go without a coat?
UNIT 6 18 8 I adore living by the sea.
B
a) 3  b) 7  c) 4  d) 2  e) 5  f) 8  g) 6  h) 1
UNIT 7 21
PRONUNCIATION
3B
UNIT 8 24 1 seek  2 bought  3 aware  4 bear

C
1 badge
UNIT 9 27 2 this ’ll
3 off
4 vision
5 rice
UNIT 10 30 6 pig

MULTI-WORD VERBS
4A
1 get  2 come  3 look  4 make  5 carry  6 hold  7 watch 
8 work

REGISTER
5
Suggested answers: 
a) formal; a sports/country club or gym; If you’re bringing a friend,
write their name in the book.
b) informal; friends chatting; A number of people arrived at his house
in the early hours of the morning.
c) formal; at a meeting at work or in a report; They agreed to fire
him.
d) informal; two friends chatting; Do you expect to be present at
the game on Saturday?
e) informal; at a restaurant or someone’s house; This food is
delicious.
f) formal; a contract; We’ll pay you after you’ve done the work. 

1.1 WHAT’S IN A NAME?

VOCABULARY PHRASES WITH NAME
2A
1 after  2 up to  3 made  4 household  5 put  6 clear  7 by 
8 in  9 given  10 maiden

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 2ND
EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 1
B WRITING A PERSONAL PROFILE; LEARN TO PLAN
a) surname, middle name, given name, maiden name, married name  YOUR WRITING
b) surname, married name 8A
c) live up to my name, made a name for myself, clear her name This personal profile is from the ‘About’ page of a personal website or
d) address (someone) by name  blog.
e) put my name forward
f) a household name  B
g) in name only  It follows all of the guidelines.
h) named after
9A
READING Suggested answers: 
a blog/a social networking site: where you’re from, family
3B information, likes/dislikes, hobbies, favourite music/food, religious or
Suggested answer:  The main idea of the text is that the names spiritual beliefs, pet peeves, groups you belong to, trips and unusual
people are given by their parents are less traditional than in the experiences
past, but that names are still important for people’s careers and their a networking site for professionals/a job application: talents and
future. skills, education/grades/qualifications, goals and plans, address, job,
professional achievements
C
1 No, it isn’t. Normal people are also choosing strange names for B
their children. Suggested answers: 
2 Some names carry positive associations and are linked with You should only include information you are comfortable with and
success, while others carry negative associations. which you think is relevant for the purpose. Always consider the
3 Your name might help you to get call-backs from prospective reader and what he/she wants to know. It’s generally best to avoid
employers. certain topics, such as religious beliefs, anything too personal or
4 Celebrity culture and ethnic diversity are making people keen to confidential information about your work.
make more individual choices about names.
4B 10A
qualifications
1 choosing
2 becoming stranger and more unusual
3 reach a position of power or a top position (e.g. professionally)
4 referring to your career
5 settled, decided with little debate
1.2 WHAT ARE YOU LIKE?
6 when a company calls potential employees for an interview after GRAMMAR DESCRIBING HABITS
looking at their CV
7 for people or things such as 2A
2 I’m always watching videos, I’m always looking for opportunities
4 I’m inclined to be very analytical/I’m happy to take risks with
GRAMMAR THE CONTINUOUS ASPECT language
5 I have a tendency to focus on the grammar
5B 6 As a rule, I’m happy to take risks
a) 5  b) 4  c) 1  d) 2  e) 3  f) 6 7 nine times out of ten I’ll just know if something is wrong
8 I didn’t use to have the confidence to speak
9 I would spend hours studying grammar rules
 LANGUAGEBANK 1.1  p128–129 11 I kept making mistakes
A 1 a) isn’t working  2 b) haven’t finished  3 a) was having 13 I tended to get frustrated
4 a) is weighing  5 b) don’t know  6 a) was looking
7 a) am talking  8 b) didn’t hear  9 a) been studying B
10 a) am doing 1 He’ll spend hours on the computer.
B 1 Why are you crying? 2 They would complain all the time.
2 How long was he working/How long had he been working 3 She’ll disagree with everything you say.
3 What have you been doing C
4 How long have you been living The stress is on a different word in the two versions. In sentences 2, 4
5 Who were you talking and 6 the stress is on will/would and the effect is to make the speaker
6 What did you want sound irritated or annoyed about the habit.
7 Have you been waiting
8 Why didn’t you finish D
Sentences 6 and 8 need a simple form. Sentence 1

6B  LANGUAGEBANK 1.2  p128–129

1 be having (The action is still in progress.)
2 ’ve been waiting (It’s an unfinished action and emphasises the A 1 On Sunday mornings, I’ll get up early and go for a run …
length of time.) 2 I’ll sometimes wait for hours …
3 Correct 3 My mother-in-law will always bake a cake for us …
4 ’m trying (It’s an action in progress at this time.) 4 He will keep bothering me for my telephone number, …
5 ’d been expecting (It emphasises the length of time.) 5 The children won’t stop fighting. …
6 Correct 6 She’ll spend the first half an hour chatting …
7 Correct 7 My parents would take us on camping holidays …
8 ’ll have been living (It emphasises the length of time.) 8 My grandfather wouldn’t shout, or tell you off. …
9 ’m working (The action is still in progress.) B 1 has a tendency to cause  2 ’s inclined to buy
10 was making (It talks about something that was in progress 3 prone to arguing  4 keep wondering  5 always making
when I got home.) 6 kept cheating  7 a rule, don’t use  8 would always bring

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 2ND
EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 1
3A 7 old hand: someone who has a lot of experience at something
1 I have a tendency to sleep in late. 8 set in his/her ways: someone who is unlikely to change his/her
2 I’m not inclined to be very laid-back. habits or opinions
3 I’m always looking for new things to learn. 9 black sheep: someone who is regarded by other members of his/
4 As a rule, I try not to work at the weekend. her family group as not fitting in or an embarrassment
5 Nine times out of ten I’ll be right about my first impressions. 10 life and soul of the party: someone who enjoys social occasions
6 As a child I would spend hours reading. and is fun to be with

VOCABULARY PERSONALITY B
1 He is very set in his ways.  2 He’s an old hand.
4C 3 He’s/She’s a chatterbox.  4 She’s a dark horse. 
1 perceptive  2 prejudiced  3 apathetic  4 obstinate  5 It’s a pain in the neck.  6 He’s a whizzkid.  7 He’s a busybody. 
5 rebellious  6 solitary  7 neurotic  8 open-minded 8 She’s the life and soul of the party. 

D
Suggested answers:   VOCABULARYBANK  p148  Idioms for people
inspirational: does things which encourage other people to have ideas B 1 e)  2 c)  3 b)  4 a)  5 f)  6 d)
over-ambitious: tries to do too much
conscientious: works hard
insensitive: doesn’t notice or think about other people’s feelings
mature: behaves in a sensible, adult way
inquisitive: is curious to know more
1.3 PICTURE PERFECT
VOCABULARY IMAGES
 VOCABULARYBANK  p148 Personality 1B
A considerate/selfish, circumspect/impetuous, conservative/ Bailey feels it is important to get a reaction from the person to see
liberal, temperamental/easy-going, gregarious/introverted their true personality. He thinks you should see things as they are,
B 1 selfish  2 temperamental  3 conservative  4 introverted   not how you think they should be.
5 easy-going  6 circumspect  7 liberal  8 impetuous 
9 considerate  10 gregarious C
Suggested answers: 
captures the beauty: shows you how beautiful something is
LISTENING evocative: reminds you of, makes you think about
iconic: important and recognisable, well-known and memorable
5A revealing: telling us something about
1 It is a test of your personality. striking: strong and easily noticed
2 Anybody can use it, but it is widely used by companies for their provocative: creates a reaction, exciting to look at (maybe also
workers. sexually exciting) 
B
1 the people we work with FUNCTION SPECULATING
2 all kinds of people, often office workers
3 The interviewer asks questions about Mariella’s lifestyle, what
2B
The girl in the blue apron (A)
she does at the end of the day, whether she can put together
character/appearance: looks nice, mid-thirties, friendly, something in
flat-pack furniture, how she would react in certain situations and
her eyes, about to laugh, serene, you’d get on with her
how she does her shopping.
job: in a bakery or a posh deli because of the white marks on her
6A apron
1 people who make statements that are too general and do not The older lady (C)
consider all the facts character/appearance: looks dignified, intellectual, she’s seen a lot,
2 people who argue about small, unimportant details pretty, snazzy outfit, nice make-up
3 people who worry excessively about plans job: a lecturer in a university, something brainy, a model, something
4 people who leave doing their work until the last minute before it to do with fashion
needs to be finished. The young guy (B)
5 regain your energy/strength character/appearance: looks happy, pretty cool, big smile, bright
6 furniture that you can buy in warehouses which you unpack and T-shirt, creative, looks like a laugh, cool hair
assemble yourself at home. job: creative, something to do with computers, graphic design,
B something cool, designs bags, marketing, receptionist at a gym
1 b)  2 c)  3 b)  4 c) D
1 C  2 A  3 B  4 A  5 B  6 C
VOCABULARY PLUS IDIOMS FOR PEOPLE
8A  LANGUAGEBANK 1.3  p128–129
1 yes-man: someone who always agrees with and obeys his/her
employer, leader, wife, etc. 1 reckon, looks  2 hazard  3 sure  4 guess  5 wonder 
2 whizzkid: a young person who is very skilled or successful at 6 say, seems  7 give
something
3 busybody: someone who is too interested in other people’s 4
private activities 1 It seems to me that she’s a bit lonely.
4 chatterbox: someone (especially a child) who talks too much 2 He gives the impression of being angry.
5 pain in the neck: someone who or something which is very 3 I reckon she’s probably an actress.
annoying 4 If I had to make a guess, I’d say she was happy with her life.
6 dark horse: someone who doesn’t tell others very much about 5 I’m pretty sure he’s not telling us everything.
himself/herself, but has surprising qualities or abilities 6 I’d hazard a guess that she’s an only child.

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 2ND
EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 1
LEARN TO USE VAGUE LANGUAGE B
(It) has been in my family for four generations.;
5 My grandmother inherited it.; (It) was bequeathed to me.;
Vague language sounds casual. Also see the speakout tip.
I should repair it.
6A
1 a couple of things  2 at about eight-ish  3 stuffs  writeback a description of an object
4 got a plenty of  5 sort of finished  6 forty or so
9A
B It is associated with childhood memories and memories of the
1 I’ll be there soon. I just have a couple of things to do. writer’s grandfather.
2 Why don’t we meet at about eight-ish?
3 I left a lot of stuff at the hotel, but I can pick it up later.
4 Don’t worry. We’ve got plenty of time.
5 We’ve sort of finished the accounts.
1.5 LOOKBACK
6 There’ll be about forty or so people attending. PHRASES WITH NAME
D 1
1 It looks as if he’s got a lot of work to do. 1 clear  2 after  3 maiden  4 herself  5 household  6 nickname
2 She looks about fifty or so.
3 It’s a bit dark, isn’t it? THE CONTINUOUS ASPECT
4 I’ve got a couple of things to ask.
2A
1 a) is coming
b) comes
1.4 FRANCESCO’S VENICE 2 a) ’ve had
b) ’ve been having
DVD PREVIEW 3 a) was being
b) was
2 4 a) don’t get
Francesco is a good person to host the programme because he is a b) isn’t getting
historian and writer and his family has lived in Venice for centuries.  5 a) ’d worked
b) ’d been working
3
1 rotting (becoming destroyed by age)
2 bequeathed (left to someone after your death)
DESCRIBING HABITS
3 warehouse 3A
4 showroom 1 I’m prone to leaving things until the last minute, and then I always
have to rush.
DVD VIEW 2 I don’t tend to need as much sleep as I used to.
3 I keep forgetting her birthday.
4 4 My parents were always very strict, and they wouldn’t to let me out
1 b)  2 c)  3 d)  4 a) late at night.
5B 5 I’m more inclined to phone people than to send them a text.
1 Because the house is now rotting and in terrible condition. 6 I’m always tidying my house. I can’t stand it when it’s in a mess.
2 In the 13th century.
3 It was bequeathed to another family.
4 They did business there. They used their house as a warehouse, PERSONALITY
a showroom, a place to make money and a landing stage. 4A
1 mature
speakout  a possession 2 perceptive
3 obstinate
7A 4 conscientious
The object is a very old carpet. 5 open-minded
Background: Her great-grandfather took it from Calcutta to South 6 inquisitive
Africa. The speaker inherited it from her grandmother.
Physical description: brightly coloured, red, white, green and gold SPECULATING
with patterns like leaves; frayed.
5A
Value: it’s important because of the story of the great-grandfather 1 c)  2 e)  3 f)  4 d)  5 b)  6 g)  7 a)  8 h)
taking it from Calcutta to South Africa. Also because she inherited it
and will pass it on to her children.
Memories: Childhood memory of it hanging on her grandmother’s wall.

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 2ND
EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY

2
2.1 WORDS OF WISDOM VOCABULARY PLUS METAPHORS
7A
READING a)

2A B
a) 8  b) 9  c) 4  d) 1  e) 7  f) 5  g) 2  h) 6 2 Metaphors add colour to descriptions and help us to visualise a
subject.
VOCABULARY LEARNING AND EXPERIENCE 3 They help to communicate an idea because they allow us to
compare one thing to another.
3A

opinion
1 find our feet 8
2 take advantage of opportunities 1 go downhill  2 at a crossroads  3 (You’ll) go far. 
3 a setback 4 reach the peak
4 on a steep learning curve
5 learning the ropes
9A
p22: 1 regurgitate  2 hard to swallow  3 half-baked (idea) 
6 had a profound effect on
4 food for thought
7 trust your instincts
8 go with your gut feeling p159: 1 put aside some time  2 wasting precious time 
3 can’t afford to spend time  4 live on borrowed time
GRAMMAR HYPOTHETICAL CONDITIONAL: PAST 10
4A 1 You’ll go far.
Conditionals: But for his advice, I would have worked myself into 2 hard to swallow
the ground. (paragraph 4); If I’d known that statistic when I was 3 put aside some time
learning the ropes, I’d be selling insurance today. (paragraph 4 half-baked
6); Had I done this, I would have said ‘yes’ to some great books. 5 go downhill
(paragraph 9) 6 living on borrowed time
Regrets: I wish I’d spoken to him earlier. (paragraph 4); I now 7 the peak
regret rejecting some authors who went on to have good careers. 8 food for thought
(paragraph 9); If only I’d known then what I know now.
(paragraph 9)  VOCABULARYBANK  p149 Metaphors
B 1 bright = intelligent
1 If + past perfect + would + have + past participle 2 shone at maths = was especially good at something
2 But for his advice, I would have … (paragraph 4); Had I done this, 3 came to me in a flash of inspiration = a clever idea that
I would have … (paragraph 9) comes suddenly
3 more formal 4 dim = not very intelligent
4 No, they don’t. The first clause refers to the past (If I’d known … 5 constructed = developed
(past perfect)), but the second clause refers to the present 6 support = help prove
(… I’d be selling insurance today. (present continuous)). It’s 7 falls down = fails because of a particular reason
called a mixed conditional because it mixes different time 8 foundations = basis
periods (past and present). 9 a killing = a big profit
5 past perfect 10 launched an aggressive campaign = began an intense
series of actions
11 targeting = aimed at
 LANGUAGEBANK 2.1  p130–131 12 join forces = merge together 
A 1 had listened, wouldn’t be
2 becoming, had spent 
3 wouldn’t have found, hadn’t called 
4 had taken over, would have caused  2.2 CHANGING YOUR MIND
5 told, would be staying
6 arriving, would have died  LISTENING
7 had known, wouldn’t have cooked  2A
8 not pulled, would have won Alex was nervous at first and uneasy, but he found the experience
B 1 If we hadn’t gambled on red, we would have won. eye-opening. Saba enjoyed the experience and found it gave her
2 They wouldn’t have asked him to the party if he wasn’t/ a new perspective.
weren’t famous.
3 The boys regret borrowing your car. B
4 Had she known you were a vegetarian, she wouldn’t have 1 ‘lazy’, ‘politically apathetic’, ‘do useless degrees’, ‘waste tax
bought fish. payers’ money’, ‘can’t cook’ and ‘spends all his money on beer’
5 If only I hadn’t forgotten my keys, we wouldn’t be locked 2 Nervous that he wouldn’t be able to deal with the accusations.
out. 3 He expected him to make accusations against him.
6 If I hadn’t dropped out of university, I wouldn’t be 4 They talked about life as a student in the 1960s and compared
working in a boring, low-paid job. it with student life today.
7 Ahmed wishes he had spoken to you before you left. 5 That she was fiercely independent.
8 But for his injury, we would have won. 6 She is hoping to tackle the stigma often associated with being
blind (that it makes you helpless).
5A 7 She leads a fairly normal life, doing most things for herself, but
1 have  2 But  3 only  4 Had  5 regret  6 wish  7 have  she is unable to drive.
8 would/wouldn’t 8 She feels that she is able to ‘see’ people for who they really are,
on the inside, rather than just how they want to present
B themselves, by their appearance. She is less likely to judge
1 he’d’ve helped  2 wouldn’t’ve  3 we’d’ve  4 I’d’ve people for how they look. She is able to ‘see with her heart’
rather than her eyes.

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 2ND
EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 2
VOCABULARY COLLOCATIONS: OPINIONS WRITING A DISCURSIVE ESSAY; LEARN TO USE
LINKING DEVICES
3A 8
1 preconceptions  2 stereotypes  3 second  4 mind 
It follows all the advice:
5 narrow-minded  6 eye-opening  7 perspective  8 convincing
1 It has an introductory paragraph.
B 2 It uses paragraphs to explain the for and against arguments.
oOo ooOo Oooo 3 It includes linkers.
perspective preconceptions  have second thoughts 4 It has a concluding paragraph which includes the writer’s opinion.
convincing narrow-minded stereotypes 9A
eye-opening introduce additional information: Additionally, In addition to this,
C Furthermore, Likewise
1 I’m having second thoughts about getting married. indicate a contrast: however, On the other hand, Nevertheless
2 It was an eye-opening experience. It has given me a whole new follow a logical argument: Consequently, so, For this reason …
perspective. prove your point: in fact, In conclusion
3 I had some preconceptions about what he was going to be like.
4 I don’t find the arguments for nuclear power very convincing. B
5 Losing my job gave me a whole new perspective on what life is like 1 in conclusion, However
without work.  2 On the contrary
3 hence
4 thus
 VOCABULARYBANK  p149 Opinions 5 To conclude
A 1 general  2 keep  3 personal  4 opinionated  5 difference  6 In addition to this, obviously
6 divided  7 matter  8 entitled
B 1 personal  2 opinionated  3 difference  4 divided 
5 matter  6 entitled  7 keep  8 general
2.3 WHO DO YOU TRUST?
GRAMMAR VERB PATTERNS VOCABULARY IDIOMS OF OPINION
4A 2A
1 to say  2 to ask, being, feeling  3 to offer, to challenge  Dr David Bailey says, ‘I’ve got a real vested interest’.
4 talking, being  5 to be  6 Sleeping, to deal To have a vested interest means you are not neutral because you
have personal reasons for wanting things to be a particular way.
B Professor Justin Lewis says, ‘We don’t have an axe to grind’, which
1 wanted to offer (3)  means the opposite.
2 advised me to be (5) 
3 (given the) freedom to ask (2)  B
4 scared to say (1) / afraid to ask (1) / harder to deal with (6)  1 play devil’s advocate b)
5 to challenge stereotypes (3)  2 speak my mind b)
6 admit feeling (2)  3 sitting on the fence a)
7 worry about being judged (2) / arguments for being a vegan (4) / 4 beat about the bush b)
apologise for not being (4)  C
8 Sleeping outside (6) / Coping with how (6)  All of these can be used to introduce opinions or knowledge.
9 enjoyed talking (4)
C FUNCTION INTRODUCING OPINIONS
a) 3  b) 1  c) 2
3A
Issue: whether we can trust the news we read these days. Conclusion:
 LANGUAGEBANK 2.2  p130–131 that most journalists are honest but a few of them give all journalists
a bad name.
A 1 making  2 to underestimate  3 to impress  4 walking 
5 to have formed  6 to say  7 judging  8 to do  9 to give  B
B 1 Correct 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
2 I don’t know why you waste all your time sitting in front of
the computer. 4B
3 Cooder was encouraged to play the guitar by his father. 1 opinion
4 They hoped to meet up with some of the stars after the 2 frankly
show. 3 to
5 They were rumoured to have got married in secret. 4 gather
6 I gave up the idea of going into politics when I was in my 5 concerned
thirties. 6 ask
7 We were tempted to ask if we could stay the night, but we The following expressions are in the recording, in order:
thought it might seem rude. As far as I’m concerned; If you ask me; Quite frankly;
8 Correct From what I can gather (x2)

5A  LANGUAGEBANK 2.3  p130–131

1 to feel  2 Meeting, having  3 to ask  4 to imagine  5 leaving 
6 to marry  7 to have lost  8 being 1 a)  2 c)  3 i)  4 h)  5 f)  6 g)  7 b)  8 d)  9 e)

5A
1 In  2 gather  3 concerned  4 knowledge  5 ask  6 honest

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 2ND
EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 2
LEARN TO EXPRESS DOUBT B
I’d like to begin by stating that …; As I see it …; I think it’s ridiculous
6A to suggest …; I absolutely reject the idea that …; So, to conclude I
Phrases 1, 3 and 4 are used.
would have to argue that …; Does anyone have a question … ?/Are
B there any other questions?; That’s a good question because …
1
C
Introduce the argument: I’d like to begin by stating that …

2.4 CHESS MASTER Justify an opinion: As I see it …/What I think is…; I would say it
depends on…; What you need to consider is …; I think it’s ridiculous
to suggest …; I absolutely reject the idea that …
DVD PREVIEW Conclude: So, to conclude I would have to argue that …
1A Invite questions: Does anyone have a question … ?/Are there any
innate talent: a special ability that you were born with other questions?
put their success down to: attribute their success to Respond to questions: That’s a good question, because …
lifelong passion: something you have been dedicated to all your life
academically/artistically/physically gifted: particularly good at writeback  a summary
academic studies/art/physical activities
inherit: derive genetically from your parents/ancestors 8A
Suggested answer:
traits: distinguishing qualities or characteristics
The writer suggests that teaching a young child to play a musical
shape: help determine
instrument will offer them huge benefits in their later life, perhaps
2 helping them to develop other skills, such as reasoning and problem-
1 Her achievement is special because she is so young. solving, but certainly enabling them to broaden their understanding
2 Carissa’s father has been influential as he taught her to play and appreciation of the world.
chess when she was young.

DVD VIEW 2.5 LOOKBACK

3
1 Carissa would like to be world champion as soon as possible. LEARNING
4B 1
1 twice 1 I’ve only been working here for two weeks so I’m still learning
2 two the ropes.
3 aware 2 If you’re not sure, go with your guts feeling.
4 adolescent 3 Correct
5 deal 4 I decided to take advantage of the opportunity.
6 homework 5 David didn’t need to think because he trusted on his instincts.
7 thirty-one 6 Correct
8 good 7 Correct
8 It’s a difficult course and Frank’s on a steep learning curve.
speakout  a panel discussion
INTRODUCING OPINIONS
6A 5A
The speaker presents the ‘nurture’ side of the argument, suggesting 1 honest opinion, Quite frankly
that people do not inherit their abilities but that they develop them 2 According to, I’m concerned
through experience. She uses the example that a child born with a 3 my knowledge, If you
natural ability for music will not develop into a good pianist unless he 4 can gather, reality is
or she practises the piano.

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 2ND
EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY

3
3.1 LONELY PLANET 5

3
1 A slice of delicious, home-made chocolate cake with cherries on
VOCABULARY LANDSCAPES top.
2 A brand new, bright red, heavy-duty mountain bike with fifteen
1B gears.
1 run-down  2 tranquil  3 magnificent  4 ancient  5 unspoilt  3 It’s a small, Greek restaurant, which serves some of the best
6 bustling  7 picturesque  8 deserted fresh seafood in the area.
4 A traditional, Tuscan bean soup with freshly baked bread.
C 5 A fascinating, ancient, medieval castle on top of a very steep hill.
1 bustling

places
2 magnificent 6A
3 ancient (unspoilt is also possible) 1 custard tarts = compound noun; good coffee = adjective + noun
4 deserted (unspoilt is also possible) 2 delicious = adjective; hand-made = compound adjective;
extraordinarily good = adverb + adjective combination;
READING READ THREE strong black espresso = adjectives
3 with a sprinkle of cinnamon on top = prepositional phrase;
2B tiny cups of = adjective + noun
1 A 4 old = adjective; pastry shop = compound noun;
2 C in central Lisbon = prepositional phrase
3 B
WRITING A DESCRIPTION OF A PLACE;
C LEARN TO ADD DETAIL
1 in a long-tail boat 7A
2 the driver took them on a detour, the boys showed off their Location: southwestern coast of Portugal, overlooking the Rio Tejo
diving
History: old quarters of the city, the poet Pessoa, 1930s-era cafés
3 The Malecón is a long sea road with lots of dilapidated old
buildings in front of it. Habaneros get together there at the Nearby sights: Sintra, beaches, fishing villages
weekends and relax and enjoy themselves. Architecture: Gothic and Moorish, cathedrals, monasteries and a
4 waves crashing against the sea wall, the sunset and the car castle, narrow streets
5 They are built in caves. Things to see/do: visit museums and cathedrals, walk through
6 He felt humbled knowing that his hotel room once housed a the narrow backstreets, eat at a small patio restaurant, listen to
family of ten and their livestock. fado, sit in a 1930s café, go to bars/restaurants in Bairro Alto, or
to nightclubs in the docks or in old mansions, go shopping in
Optional extra activity Chiado, watch the sunset from the castle
Food and drink: fresh bread and wine, fresh pastries and espresso
1 detour  2 engine  3 moment  4 water  5 breeze 
coffee
6 essence  7 tumble
B
GRAMMAR NOUN PHRASES 1 Present tenses for giving information and facts about a place.
Makes the description more immediate.
4A 2 Fairly informal, and friendly (words like stroll, revellers partying
1 film set until dawn, scattered ) – also contractions like you’d, they’ve.
2 five-mile-long, six-lane sea road 3 The writer likes the place very much. We can see this from the
3 uniquely photogenic city positive language he/she uses to describe it.
4 longest wooden bridge
5 for a closer look 8A
6 approaching in the distance The writer has added a wider range of vocabulary and details such
as colours, shapes, sounds and feelings.

 LANGUAGEBANK 3.1  p132–133 B

A 1 I like small cups of freshly ground, strong, black coffee. hear the voices of the market sellers (sound); sweet smell of fruit
2 He bought the pretty little house by the river. (smell); ripened in the hot sun (touch); aroma of strong, fresh
3 She made two delicious, dark chocolate cakes with coffee and petrol fumes (smell); small, three-wheeled motorised
strawberries and fresh cream on top. vans (sight/sound); farmers, or ‘contadini’ (sight); mountains of
4 He smokes those hugely expensive, enormous Cuban different coloured fruits and vegetables (sight); firm red peppers,
cigars, which Juan gives him. purple beans, tomatoes of all shapes and sizes (sight/touch);
5 They carried the massive pile of ridiculously heavy books liveliness in the air (sound); old ladies haggle over the price of the
all the way up seven flights of stairs. cherries (sight/sound); wave their arms in rebuke at the younger
6 It was an incredibly smelly, hairy but rather friendly workers (sight/sound)
guard dog. 
B 1 I went to the shoe shop advertised on television.
2 He was an old man walking with a stick. 3.2 HOME FROM HOME
3 We ate the absolutely delicious, home-made cakes,
sitting in the sunshine. LISTENING
4 They rented a nice house with a swimming pool near the
airport. 2A
5  We went to a big pizza restaurant on the outskirts of 1 Houses are built in accordance with the habitat and the
town, run by two Italian brothers called Gino and Rino. surroundings. They provide protection: tree houses are a refuge
from wild animals, mosquitoes and earthbound evil spirits.
They also provide comfort. Igloos are cosy inside and the
B packed ice and snow acts as an insulator. Caves are cool in the
The main stress comes on the first word of the compound noun/ summer and warm in the winter, and give superb protection
adjective. (they won’t blow down in the wind), and they are well made for
decoration, e.g. paintings. Yurts are built so that nomads can
move as the season and the weather changes.

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 2ND
EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 3
B B
a refuge from wild animals: A refuge is a place where you can hide 3 anywhere I can put my feet up and let my hair down (defining)
from something. He describes tree houses as a refuge from wild 4 at which point I knew we needed an office (non-defining)
animals.; spirits are earthbound: Supernatural beings (e.g. angels, 5 on which I drew marks to show my children getting taller (defining)
demons) live on the earth and cannot fly. He says Indonesians believe 6 those whose major characteristic is brightness (defining) 
in these, so tree houses provide protection.; wooden stilts: Long poles
to support a structure built above land level. He describes houses on C
stilts.; acts as an insulator: does not transmit energy. He says the snow a) 5  b) 6  c) 4  d) 2  e) 3  f) 1
and ice of an igloo is an insulator (blocks out cold weather).; so-called
primitive dwellings: very basic places to live. The interviewer asks him
D
1 defining  2 where/that  3 b)
how these compare to modern housing.; adorned them with figurines:
decorated them with small figures (usually clay, metal or wood).
He says people decorated their cave homes with these.; nomads in  LANGUAGEBANK 3.2  p132–133
Central Asia: tribes who have no permanent home, but are constantly A 1 when  2 of  3 where  4 whose  5 about  6 whose 
travelling. They use yurts.  7 where  8 which  9 time  10 on  11 whom 
B 1 There were lots of children there, all of whom sang really well.
3 2 The fire alarm went off, at which point the lesson ended.
1 If you have an awakening, it means you suddenly realise or
3 That’s the woman whose house we stayed in.
recognise something important.
4 The person from whom I learnt the most is Clare.
2 If something takes your breath away, you feel amazed because this
5 You may get a scholarship, in which case you won’t need to
thing is so remarkable or incredibly beautiful. Breathtaking means
pay.
remarkable, amazing or incredibly beautiful.
6 There are two photocopiers in the office, both of which are
3 These houses are built in accordance with the habitat. means the
houses are built in a certain way because of the land/environment out of order.
that surrounds them.
8
1 a) both  2 c) which  3 a) on where the castle was built 
VOCABULARY -Y ADJECTIVES 4 b) whose  5 b) since when  6 c) what  7 b) that result 
4A 8 b) whom we relied
Suggested answers: 
1 a lecture: This is factual information, expressed in formal language, VOCABULARY PLUS PREFIXES
and it isn’t selling anything.
2 a piece of fiction: The extract uses the past tense to describe part
10
The hotel is famous because many celebrities have lived in it, such as
of a story and contains thoughts and actions as well as descriptions.
Madonna, Arthur C Clarke and Jack Kerouac.
3 an ad: It contains notes rather than full sentences and adjectives
that focus on positive aspects. 11B
4 a lecture: This is factual information, expressed in formal language,
prefix meaning example
and it isn’t selling anything.
5 a piece of fiction: This uses many adjectives to create an atmosphere de-, ir-, negatives/ degenerate, irreplaceable,
and is told in the past tense, which suggests it is a story. im-, non-, opposites/ immortalised, non-conformity,
un- reverse unfortunately
B under-, size or degree understatement, overexposed
1 shady: neutral – depends on whether you are in a hot or cold country
over-
2 gloomy: negative; dejected: negative; dreary: negative;
grey: neutral – depends on whether it’s describing the colour or mal-, mis- wrong or bad maladministration, misbehaviour
the mood pre-, post- time (before or pre-dates, post-war
3 roomy: positive; spacious: positive; good: positive; airy: positive; after)
large: positive pro-, anti- attitude or proactive, anti-establishment
4 native: neutral; chilly: negative opinion (for or
5 poky: negative; tiny: negative; cramped: negative; gaudy: negative; against)
red, purple, yellow: neutral
5B C
We use:
1 city (the others have long vowel sounds)
de-, ir-, im- and un-: with adjectives and adverbs
2 body (the others have long vowel sounds)
non-: nouns, adjectives
3 footie (the others have long vowel sounds)
under- and over-: nouns, adjectives, verbs
4 hockey (the others have long vowel sounds)
mal- and mis-: verbs, abstract nouns, adjectives
5 ready (the others have long vowel sounds)
pre- and post-: adjectives
6 airy (the others have short vowel sounds) 
pro- and anti-: nouns and adjectives

 VOCABULARYBANK  p150 Adjectives 12
1 F When we add a prefix to the root word, the spelling of the root
A 1 B  2 C  3 A  4 D word doesn’t usually change.
B a) vast  b) awe-inspiring  c) scenic  d) sprawling 2 F We can add more than one prefix at a time to root words, e.g.
e) quaint  f) ramshackle  g) secluded  h) overpopulated uninhabitable.
3 T
4 F There are no rules that tell us which prefixes we can add to
GRAMMAR RELATIVE CLAUSES each root word.

7A 13A
1 who work at home (defining)  1 unknown, underexposed
2 none of which mattered (non-defining) 2 non-descript, underrated
Non-defining relative clauses use a comma. 3 unattractive, overrated
4 uninhabitable, mismanaged
5 irreplaceable, impossible

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 3
2
 VOCABULARYBANK  p150 Prefixes Suggested answer:
A 1 supermodel, miniskirts  2 sub-zero, cooperate  When the writer says ‘London is a world in a city’, he/she is probably
3 bilingual, interacting  4 semi-retired, outlasted referring to the 8.6 million inhabitants, consisting of people who
B (in order from top to bottom) two, joint, between/among, come from all over the world. There are more than 300 languages
small, bigger/greater than something else, half, below, more/ spoken in the city, so there are representatives from many world
more powerful/larger countries living in London.
C 1 bimonthly  2 superhero  3 outgrow  4 sub-plot 
5 international  6 semicircle  7 co-founders  8 minibar  3
1 powerhouse
2 famous
3 twenty-five
3.3 WELCOME TO PERFECT CITY 4 fashion
4B
VOCABULARY CITY LIFE 1 We learn that London’s financial sector powers the UK economy,
that it has a global reach and that it is under pressure like never
2A before. Also, the market opens at 8a.m. and is the heart of the
1 amenities  2 infrastructure  3 abandonment, regeneration 
global financial community.
4 congestion, tolls
2 In London’s Savile Row you can find the hot shave, the tailored suit
B and the bowler hat.
congestion comes from congest, abandonment comes from abandon, 3 He loves that every day something new is happening. He loves
regeneration comes from generate the wonderful museums, the beautiful architecture and the nice
clothes.
4 Federer says that there used to be three grand slam tournaments
FUNCTION MAKING A PROPOSAL on grass courts but that now Wimbledon is the only one.
3A 5 The 1950s Routemaster had two decks, a conductor and a ‘hop on,
The idea is to introduce ‘cycle hubs’ in the city centre. The speaker hop off’ platform.
proposes getting everyone together to discuss the advantages and 6 ‘The energy of London itself’ inspires the fashion designers.
disadvantages.
speakout  your country
B
1 five  2 bike/bicycle/cycle  3 centre  4 city/centre/city centre  6B
5 cheap Canada:
1 incredible diversity, huge
4A 2 highs: one of the highest standards of living in the world, long
1 f)  2 a)  3 g)  4 e)  5 b)  6 c)  7 d)
life expectancy, one of the wealthiest countries; lows: bad winter
B weather, cold temperatures
Just to give you a bit of background information, …; The aim of the 3 geographically: massive, second largest country in the world
project is to …; What we plan to do is …; This solution will help us to after Russia; documentary: huge range of fresh water, great lakes
…; So, basically, what we’re proposing (to do) is to …; Does anyone and rivers, three coasts, incredible diversity of wildlife, climate
have any questions? and landscape (temperate rainforests, deserts, arctic prairies,
volcanoes, mountains, forests), longest coastline in the world
6 The USA and Canada both have a history of indigenous people and
 LANGUAGEBANK 3.3  p132–133 they share the longest border in the world.
1 background information  2 with  3 of  4 aim  5 what  The speaker doesn’t answer questions 4 or 5.
6 up with  7 feasible  8 solution  9 instance  10 long-term  Argentina:
11 what  12 sum up 1 people’s characteristics and values
2 highs: values, value of family and friends, great sense of solidarity
and care for friends, resourcefulness and laid-back quality of
5 people dealing with problems; lows: a lot of strikes and struggles
1 up  2 goals  3 ✓  4 but  5 too  6 of  7 ✓  8 the
and uncertainty
3 documentary: day in someone’s life showing what’s going on in the
LEARN TO SUGGEST MODIFICATIONS country
6 5 family get together on Sundays to catch up on the week, celebrate
1 a) I’d like to propose a compromise. Friends’ Day
d) How about if we combine our ideas? 6 very different from other parts of Latin America, e.g. Brazil
2 e) Is there any way we can reduce the costs? (Brazilians are upbeat while Argentinians have a melancholy
f) Is there any leeway regarding the schedule? temperament and yearning for the old way of life.)
3 b) Let’s try to come up with a solution. The speaker doesn’t answer the first part of question 3 (geographical)
4 c) Let’s look at it another way. or question 4.

C
(Canada) has one of the highest standards of living in the world.; On
3.4 LONDON the downside, I suppose, you have to deal with bad winter weather.;
I would describe (Canada) as geographically massive.; We’re very,
DVD PREVIEW very lucky in (Canada) to have a huge range of fresh water, great
lakes, rivers everywhere.; Undoubtedly one of the best things about
1 (Argentina) is the values.; People are very warm, very caring and
Suggested answers: we’ve got a great sense of solidarity.; (Argentinians), we’ve got a sense
Big Ben, the Houses of Parliament, Buckingham Palace, red double- of longing for the old world.
decker buses, the Tower of London, the London Eye, the British
Museum, the River Thames, Camden, Harrods, Covent Garden, London
police officers, Oxford Street, parks, etc.

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 3

3.5 LOOKBACK B
1 lead in a pencil
LANDSCAPES 2 a chick in an egg
3 Are you asleep?
1A 4 a hole
1 d)  2 c)  3 f)  4 a)  5 e)  6 b)
MAKING A PROPOSAL
NOUN PHRASES 5
2A 1 to, (you) a bit of
Suggested answers:  2 The, of our/my/the, is to 
1 I drink cups of steaming hot Japanese green tea to keep me awake. 3 The (main), of the, is to
2 They bought the old farmhouse on top of the hill. 4 What we, to do
3 I bought a brand-new top-of-the-range laptop computer with all 5 we’re going to, with 
the latest graphic technology. 6 The/This, is, because
4 She went for a five-mile-long cross-country run in the rain. 7 this, will, us (to)
8 In the, this would 
9 The, include
-Y ADJECTIVES 10 So, what we’re, to
3A 11 Does, have any
1 gloomy, poky  2 roomy, airy  3 gaudy, chilly

RELATIVE CLAUSES
4A
1 from which
2 in which I live alone
3 to which you can never answer ‘yes’
4 at which point

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY

4
4.1 FIGHT FOR JUSTICE 7 A: How much further is it?  B: It ’s not far now.
8 It ’s a pity that you won’t be able to make it to the lunch.
9 It was a warm day for the time of year.
READING 10 It appears that someone has made a mistake.
1B 7
She was arrested for suspected drug offences because her name a) It is the last thing …, It is regular practice …, How much
was given to police by an informant. further is it?, It’s not far now …, It was a warm day …
b) It’s surprising …, It’s no wonder …, It’s a pity …
2 c) It seems that …, It appears that someone …
1 She was charged with drug dealing.

justice
d) It has been reported …
2 No, they had no strong evidence (police found no drugs on
e) I could hardly believe it when …, We would appreciate it if …
her person or during subsequent searches). The evidence for
f) … you won’t be able to make it to the lunch.
her arrest came from an informant, who was also charged with
drug offences.
3 She had to decide whether to plead guilty and be allowed
home as a convicted criminal, or stay in prison and fight her
 LANGUAGEBANK 4.1  p134–135
conviction, risking a much longer sentence if she were to lose A 1 I can’t stand it when all it does is rain for days on end.
her case. 2 I’d appreciate it if you could give me a little more notice
4 She was pressurised by her family and her lawyer, probably next time.
because they felt it would be too risky to fight the case. 3 It’s no use just standing there. You’d better get on with it.
5 Perhaps because she had a strong sense of justice, and also 4 I find it hard to believe that the summer is here already.
didn’t want to have to live with a criminal record, which might 5 It appears that the police have video footage of the
affect her future ability to work and look after her family. incident.
6 According to the article, the system pays the police more 6 It’s pointless arguing with her when she’s in that kind of
money if they make more arrests. This encourages the police state.
to make racially motivated arrests, based on little evidence, 7 I’ll leave it to the others to decide what time we should
and then offer the defendants the opportunity to sign plea meet.
agreements. Some people often lack the courage or the 8 I’ve always made it clear that my family has to take
finances to be able to defend their rights. Prosecutors gain priority over my work.
good reputations for showing that they are gaining convictions B 1 pointless crying
in the war against crime. 2 essential to be trustworthy
3 seems (that) he has misplaced
VOCABULARY CRIME COLLOCATIONS 4 owe it to them to be
5 wonder she wasn’t very enthusiastic
4A 6 find it easy to keep abreast
1 prove  2 carry out  3 report  4 appeal against  5 driving 
6 drugs  7 dawn  8 previous
8A
B 1 It’s difficult to believe he would have left the money here.
1 protest  2 dawn  3 previous  4 carry out  5 appeal against  2 It’s no wonder you were scared. That car nearly hit you.
6 driving 3 It’s not my fault we didn’t finish on time.
4 I can’t help it if I keep making mistakes. Nobody’s perfect.
5 It’s important that we clear up any misunderstandings.
 VOCABULARYBANK  p151  Crime collocations 6 It was a shame that we didn’t see the beginning.
A 1 on  2 on  3 into  4 for  5 with  6 into  7 in  8 with  7 It appears to have been a mistake.
9 to  10 at 8 It’s funny how things always turn out OK in the end.
B a) 3 – comes into force 
b) 1 – put on probation  VOCABULARY PLUS LEXICAL CHUNKS
c) 9 – posed a serious threat to (the public) 
d) 4 – was given points on his licence 9C
e) 2 – went on the rampage  Because they’re lexical chunks. See speakout tip.
f) 5 – help the police with their inquiries
g) 8 – charged with assault 
D
1 a kind of  
h) 7 – held in custody 
2 It’s up to
i) 10 – fired tear-gas at (the protesters) 
3 take the law into your own hands 
j) 6 – An investigation is being held into 
4 It is imperative that
5 in the vicinity
GRAMMAR INTRODUCTORY IT 10A
6A Both films involve someone being convicted of a crime they
1 being arrested didn’t commit.
2 regular raids taking place
3 the situation
B 4.2 SOCIAL ISSUES
1 I could hardly believe it when the police officer told me what
had happened. VOCABULARY SOCIAL ISSUES
2 It has been reported that a number of people in the area were
affected.
2B
A
3 It ’s no use! I’ve looked everywhere for my wallet but I can’t
human rights: the basic rights that everyone has to say what they
find it anywhere.
think, vote, be treated fairly, etc.
4 We would appreciate it if you didn’t tell anyone about this.
intellectual property: the product of an intellectual activity (e.g. in
5 It ’s surprising how quickly I was able to master the skill.
artistic or commercial fields) that nobody else can legally copy
6 It ’s no wonder you couldn’t find your bag. You left it in the
café.

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 4
child labour: the regular and sustained employment of children (it is
illegal in many countries)  LANGUAGEBANK 4.2  p134–135
economic development: the process of improving the financial A 1 has been providing  2 had been living  3 will have been 
situation of a place (often a country) 4 have closed  5 appeared to have abandoned 
capital punishment: the practice of killing someone who has 6 will have been running
committed a serious crime B 1 Yes. The workers have been marching since 8.00 this morning.
religious freedom: the ability to practise any religion that you choose, 2 They’d been talking throughout the whole lesson.
without being arrested or otherwise persecuted 3 Yes. This time next year she’ll have been working here for
B forty years.
environmental awareness: understanding of problems related to the 4 Yes. It’s 8.00. They’ll have arrived by now.
land, water and air on Earth 5 He seems to have forgotten how to play!
gun control: laws that limit the ways in which guns can be sold, 6 That’s right. She’d only been working there for two months
owned and used when the company closed.
illegal immigration: when people cross international borders in a way
that breaks the immigration laws of the destination country 8
civil liberties: the right of all citizens to be free to do what they want 1 Sentence a) focuses on the completed action. The speaker finished
while respecting the rights of other people the book. Sentence b) focuses on the action of reading, but the
free trade: a situation in which the goods coming into or going out of speaker has not finished the book.
a country are not controlled or taxed 2 No difference
freedom of speech: the ability to say what you wish without being 3 No difference
censored 4 Sentence a) links the past to a time before that. So the question
3B is asked in reference to shared news about the topic. Sentence
1 civil liberties  2 human rights  3 free trade  b) could be a conversation opener, with no reference to a shared
4 freedom of speech  5 religious freedom  6 illegal immigration  previous event.
7 intellectual property  8 gun control  9 environmental awareness  5 In sentence a) the action is finished while in sentence b) the action
10 capital punishment  11 economic development  12 child labour isn’t finished.
6 Sentence a) links the past to a time before that. The conviction
took place earlier than the judge’s comment. Sentence b) links the
 VOCABULARYBANK  p151  Social issues past to the present. The conviction was recent.
7 In sentence a) the focus is on the number of immigrants helped
A 1 H  2 D  3 C  4 E  5 A  6 F  7 G  8 B
while in sentence b) the focus is on the length of time they have
B a) poverty  b) gender inequality  c) antisocial behaviour 
been helping.
d) white-collar crime  e) censorship  f) illiteracy 
8 In sentence a) the prediction is based on hope while in sentence b)
g) organised crime  h) ageism
it is stated as a fact.

WRITING A PROBLEM-SOLUTION ESSAY;

LISTENING LEARN TO USE PARALLELISM
5B 9A
Malala Yosafzai: involved in − education for schoolgirls/children’s reference to research, facts and figures, a description of a problem, a
rights; admires her − for her courage and determination conclusion, rhetorical questions, a plan of action
Rigoberta Menchu: involved in − campaigns against human rights B
violations; admires her − because she is brave and humble 1 It deals with gun control. 
Cornel West: involved in − civil rights for African Americans and the 3 It contains facts and figures, a description of a problem,
poor; admires him − because he speaks out about all kinds of issues; rhetorical questions, a plan of action and a conclusion.
for his charisma and because he is fearless
10
C (This) illustrates one of today’s most important issues …; One of
1 a beacon can be used to describe someone who inspires and the causes is …; This has led to/resulted in/brought about …; One
guides others, often in difficult situations; a tower of strength possible solution …; There are a number of (other) options. These
can be used to describe a person who is very strong and reliable; include …; In conclusion, …
a stellar figure means a star or a person who is recognised as
being outstanding at what they do; one in a million describes a 11A
person who has very rare qualities and gifts, or who is absolutely The problem is that these solutions have already been proposed,
outstanding at something passed into law and denounced as failures.
2 advocate for (something) means speak publicly in support of
an important issue; campaign against means speak publicly in B
opposition to something; shed light on means illuminate and Idea 4 is not a good answer.
explain something so that people can understand it
3 struggles are small battles or conflicts or tasks that require a lot of
C
1 b)  2 c)
effort to achieve; human rights violations happen when someone
breaks a law concerning human rights (e.g. prevent someone from
exercising their freedom); atrocities are actions of extreme cruelty
4.3 DO THE RIGHT THING
GRAMMAR THE PERFECT ASPECT
VOCABULARY DECISIONS
6
a) 4  b) 1  c) 3  d) 6  e) 7  f) 5  g) 2 1A
1 c)  2 d)  3 a)  4 b)
7
1 Sentences 1, 2 and 4 B
2 Sentences 3 and 6 1 in a predicament
3 Sentences 5 and 7 2 assessed the situation
4 Sentences 1, 5 and 6 3 to bear these points in mind
4 considered the benefits and drawbacks

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 2ND
EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 4
FUNCTION EXPRESSING HYPOTHETICAL DVD VIEW
PREFERENCES
3 3
1 forgery
1 Ann Timson had to decide whether to stop the robbers or not.
2 He used titanium white, a type of paint that was not available
4A when the original paintings (which he forged) were made.
The speakers wouldn’t do what Ann Timson did. 3 He paints and sells his own work and gives some of the earnings to
the people he conned.
B 4B
1 a have-a-go-hero: someone who gets involved when a crime occurs
1 c)  2 d)  3 e)  4 b)  5 a)
and tries to stop the criminal(s)
2 [if/when] push comes to shove: when faced with the reality rather
than the story speakout  recount a crime story
3 jumped on the bandwagon: did or supported what everyone else
was doing because it’s fashionable or might bring you personal 6B
gain The forger made mistakes: The horses’ reins in the relief were
4 I take my hat off to her: I respect her for what she did inconsistent with other reliefs of that period, and the forger made a
5 I’d probably leg it: it’s likely that I’d run away spelling mistake on the inscription. The father, George, then offered
6 I’d do my bit: I’d do what’s expected of me to sell the piece at a suspiciously low price.
In the end, Shaun was sentenced to four years in jail, and the family
5A had to pay back £400,000. The parents were spared prison sentences
1 up  2 choice  3 found  4 far  5 would  6 doubt
because of their age.
B C
If it was up to me, I’d …; If I ever found myself in that situation, I’d …;
All of the phrases are used.
No way would I …
Idioms: Let something slip means you accidentally reveal a secret.;
Give the game away means get caught by accidentally revealing
 LANGUAGEBANK 4.3  p134–135 something.; Be on the right track means your guess is not far from the
truth. 
1 d)  2 e)  3 b)  4 h)  5 c)  6 j)  7 f)  8 a)  9 i)  10 g)

6
1 Far better/It’s far better to weigh up the pros and cons than decide
4.5 LOOKBACK
now. CRIME COLLOCATIONS
2 If it was/were up to you, which of the two candidates would you
choose? 1A
3 Without a shadow of a doubt, we can come up with some better 1 suspended  2 protested  3 carry out  4 drugs-related 
ideas than these. 5 wrongly  6 previous
4 Given the choice, would you ban all web advertising?
5 I would ask my boss for advice if I (ever) found myself in this SOCIAL ISSUES
situation.
6 Instead of acting rashly, I’d sooner put important decisions on 3A
hold. 1 child labour
7 My preference would be to buy a house now rather than wait until 2 illegal immigration
the economy gets better. 3 religious freedom
8 She’d just as soon quit her job as do something unethical. 4 human rights
5 economic development
LEARN TO ADD EMPHASIS 6 intellectual property

7A THE PERFECT ASPECT

1 a)
2 d) 4
3 e) 1 have you been feeling
4 b) 2 have turned
5 c) 3 I’ve broken
4 it will have been
5 to have been ignoring
4.4 THE CON ARTIST HYPOTHETICAL PREFERENCES
DVD PREVIEW 5A
1 If it was up to me I’d have taken the cruise.
1A 2 I would sooner watch the film than read the book.
mastermind: someone who organises a large, important, difficult 3 I’d just as soon eat local food as dine in a fancy restaurant.
operation 4 If I found myself in that situation, I’d go to the nearest house and
conned: got money from someone by deceiving them beg for help.
fake: false but made to look real in order to deceive people 5 Far better to do that than buy presents for everybody!
provenance: the place where something originally came from 6 That would be by far the best option if you want to see places
forgeries: objects that have been copied illegally along the way.
7 I’d have done the same without a shadow of a doubt.
2 8 No way would I do that unless I really had to.
The subject of the programme is an artist. A ‘con artist’ is a term
which means someone who deceives others for money.

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY

5
5.1 FAMILY SECRETS  LANGUAGEBANK 5.1  p136–137
LISTENING A 1 We weren’t allowed to bring our own food to school.
2 I shouldn’t have told him that I cheated in the exam.
2A 3 You’d better turn your mobile phones off.
It means that people are more open, that they are more likely to 4 You have to hand this work in first thing in the morning.
talk about their experiences, both good and bad. 5 I didn’t dare tell them the truth.
6 They’re not supposed to have their lights on after 10p.m.
B B 1 You didn’t need to rush. There’s another five minutes
four secrets: how much her father earned, that a girl was going

secrets
before the film starts.
out with another girl’s boyfriend, accidentally telling someone 2 We’d better to leave plenty of time to get to the airport
what their Christmas present was, a romance with another man in case of heavy traffic.
3 You didn’t have got to buy a present. That’s very kind of
C you.
1 His daughter telling people how much money he earned.
4 You shouldn’t drive a car if you’re tired.
2 Yes, she was.
5 We didn’t have to stop at all on the way.
3 What her husband had bought her as a Christmas present.
6 They were supposed to deliver the furniture today.
4 Yes, she is.
7 You ought to try this programme – it’s very good.
5 Secrets that protect somebody or something in a way that
8 You shouldn’t to talk to people like that. It’s rude.
wouldn’t damage them when they ultimately find out.

VOCABULARY IDIOMS: SECRETS 7

1 were never allowed to  2 had to  3 used to  4 should have
3A 5 ’d better not  6 was supposed to know  7 could have 
1 themselves 8 would have
2 doors
3 let WRITING A NARRATIVE; LEARN TO USE TIME
4 beans PHRASES
5 stay
6 cat
9A
love letters
7 game
Expressions 1–5 are used in the recording. 10A
1, 2, 4, 5, 7 and 8
B
a) spill the beans 11A
b) behind closed doors  During that time
c) let it slip, let the cat out of the bag, give the game away 
d) to keep/stay schtum B
e) keep themselves to themselves after a year, subsequently, eventually, From then on,
Years later
Optional extra activity
Suggested answers:
C
1 As soon as/The moment
1 keep their affairs private  2 confidentially  3, 6 and 7 reveal
2 afterwards
4 divulge a secret  5 keep quiet, keep information confidential
3 meanwhile/in the meantime
4 instantly/immediately
5 subsequently/eventually
 VOCABULARYBANK  p152  Idioms: secrets 6 subsequently/eventually/immediately
A 1 c)  2 d)  3 b)  4 e)  5 a) 7 ever since
B 1 C  2 B  3 E  4 D  5 A 8 instantly/immediately/from then on
C 1, 2, 4, b), c), e)

GRAMMAR MODAL VERBS AND RELATED

5.2 TRUTH OR MYTH?
PHRASES READING
5A 1B
1 I did it, but it wasn’t a good idea
Student A
2 it wasn’t possible/I wasn’t able
1 The myths are: 1 that sugar makes children hyperactive; 2
3 I was obliged (strong)
that you get a cold from getting cold; 3 that it damages your
4 it’s possible
computer if you turn it off without shutting it down; 4 that
5 it’s expected
reading in the dark ruins your eyesight.
6 it isn’t a good idea
2 Experiments disproved 1, 2, and 3.
7 I was obliged (weak)
3 1 No studies have shown a link between levels of sugar in a
8 you did it but it was unnecessary
child’s diet and energy levels. 2 is partially true as getting a
B cold does make it more likely that you will develop a cold,
1 b)  2 a)  3 a)  4 b)  5 a)  6 b) provided that you already have the cold virus. In 3, although
you won’t damage your PC, you could lose data if you turn off
C when things are running. 4 Reading in the dark can make you
1 allowed = 5 permissible tired but it won’t damage your eyes.
2 forbidden = 7 banned Student B
3 obligatory = 9 compulsory 1 The myths are: 5 that picking up your food within five seconds
4 had the courage to = 8 dared to means it will be safe to eat; 6 that it’s safe to use a hands-
6 compelled to = 10 forced to free mobile while you’re driving; 7 that goldfish have short
memories; 8 that owls can turn their heads all the way round.

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 5
2 Experiments disproved 5, 6 and 7, and science shows that 8 isn’t VOCABULARY PLUS MULTI-WORD VERBS
logically possible.
3 5 Bacteria can survive for weeks on the floor and contaminate food 6B
within seconds. 6 Studies show that using a hands-free mobile 1 The message is that technology is not a negative influence on
is more dangerous than driving after drinking alcohol. 7 A study children and is actually ‘turning them into quick-thinking, multi-
by a schoolboy showed that goldfish have longer memories. 8 is tasking 21st-century citizens’.
partially true as owls can turn their heads 270 degrees.
7A
looked back, stood around, Take away, Switch off, thought it over,
VOCABULARY TRUTH OR MYTH boils down, carry on, speeds up, find out
2A B
1 a fallacy
(from top to bottom) (up) increase or improve; (on) continue; (off)
2 conventional wisdom, a commonly held perception, intuitively true
remove, cancel or end something; (out) be in the open; (down)
3 uncover
decrease or reduce; (away) removal or disposal; (back) return (to the
4 debunk, disprove
past); (around) with no direction or aim; (over) think or talk about
5 verify
B 8A
1 It is a commonly held perception that no one can survive a plane 1 down, on
crash. 2 up
2 Conventional wisdom says you shouldn’t swim soon after eating. 3 over, down
3 Scientists in Panama recently disproved the myth that sloths are 4 over
lazy. 5 up, off
4 The myth that you lose most of your body heat through your head B
has been debunked/disproved. The stress falls on the particle
5 It seems intuitively true that long-distance running is bad for your
knees, but recent research suggests otherwise. 9A
1 Cast your mind back
GRAMMAR THE PASSIVE 2 find out
3 narrow down
3C 4 mull over
1 cannot be seen, can be made out
2 had the dish named
3 is claimed  VOCABULARYBANK  p152  Multi-word verbs
4 is processed A 1 over  2 up  3 on  4 off  5 down  6 away  7 back 
5 isn’t expected to change 8 around
D
a) 4  b) 3  c) 2  d) 1  e) 5
5.3 TELL ME NO LIES
 LANGUAGEBANK 5.2  p136–137 VOCABULARY JOURNALISM
A 1 The case is being investigated by the police.
2 You are allowed to borrow a car for official business. 1B
3 Mike is having his washing machine delivered today. 1 Information which was previously kept secret by organisations or
4 It is claimed (that) the tradition began in the nineteenth governments.
century. 2 Anybody can send the information anonymously.
5 Wilhelm might have been recognised. 3 It is increasingly hard for them to keep information secret.
6 She had the players stretch before the game. 2
7 Our luggage is being checked in right now. 1 published more scoops
8 The product has only been tested on volunteers. 2 take out injunctions
B Because we want to emphasise the action rather than the 3 investigative journalism
agent. 1, 2, 4 and 8 might also be formal written English. 4 whistle-blowing
C 1 It is said 5 protect its sources
2 These secrets need to be kept  6 sensitive information
3 what can be done
4 brainwashing was considered  FUNCTION MAKING A POINT
5 it was discovered
6 certain memories could be erased 3A
1 e)  2 b)  3 d)  4 f)  5 c)  6 a)

4 B
1 has been passed on 1 reason
2 OK or It isn’t known 2 sure, evidence
3 it has been attributed 3 point
4 OK 4 put
5 The fear of the number thirteen is known 5 account
6 thirteen is considered 6 find
7 OK or This superstition can be seen 7 make
8 the number thirteen is omitted
9 the house between number 12 and 14 is given the number 12½
C
1 The reason why I say that is …
10 the unlucky number four is often omitted
2/3/4: Let me put it this way.; I think you’ll find that …; The point I’m
trying to make is that …
5/6/7: Can you be sure about that?; But that’s not the point.;
But that doesn’t take account of the fact that … 

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5
 LANGUAGEBANK 5.3 p136–137 Suggested answers: 
1 What I’m saying is 1 Because New York is a very busy city full of people and noise.
2 The facts suggest On North Brother Island it is quiet and there are no people.
3 the point is  2 The photographer feels like he is walking back in time when on the
4 Do you think that is always the case island, and yet the ice cream truck is a very modern noise
5 After all  that is ‘very alive’, in contrast with the quiet on the island.
6 There are several reasons why I think 3 He wants to show how quickly things can disintegrate, and how
7 if you think about it  powerful nature can be to take over. He seems to be successful in
8 I don’t see how you can say that that.
9 let me put it this way
10 the point that I’m trying to make is speakout  city secrets
6A
4A The website has information about hidden places you can visit that
1 put it this way you might not find in normal guidebooks, places that, in some cases,
2 don’t see how you can not even the locals will know about.
3 doesn’t take account of the fact
4 I’m basically saying B
5 you’ll find that Japanese Kyoto Friendship Gardens – in the grounds of Lauriston
Castle in Cramond; opened to celebrate the twinning of Edinburgh
LEARN TO MANAGE A CONVERSATION with Kyoto; a wonderful place to sit and relax, look at the blossom
on the trees, and enjoy the serenity of the place; very Zen
5B 2 Wellington Place, Leith – most people have never heard about
1 Where do you stand on this? it; just a normal-looking Edinburgh door; no plaque outside; Irvine
2 Sorry, and another thing … Welsh wrote novel Trainspotting in the top-floor apartment
3 I suppose, if you think about it … Rooftop Terrace, National Museum of Scotland – not a big secret;
4 Getting back to the point, which is …  really hidden away; can seem difficult to get to; worth it when you
C get there; fantastic views of the city and the castle; brilliant on a clear
1 P  2 A  3 P  4 A  5 P  6 A  7 P  8 A day; nice café

C
Secluded/Hidden away …; You would never believe it’s there …;
5.4 SECRET ISLAND Most people have never heard about …; It’s not what you’d call a big
secret, but …
DVD PREVIEW
1A
deserted: empty and quiet because there are no people there
5.5 LOOKBACK
abandoned: left by the people who owned or used it IDIOMS: SECRETS
uninhabited: not lived in
rehabilitation: the process of helping someone to live in a healthy, 1A
active way again 1 keeps  2 doors  3 Spill  4 schtum  5 slip
quarantine: keeping a person or animal apart from others for a time
in case they are infected with a disease MODAL VERBS AND RELATED PHRASES
B 2A
Suggested answers:  1 have gone to bed  2 supposed to finish 
2 Maybe there is nowhere for people to work, so they move away. 3 didn’t dare/dared not  4 needn’t have 
Perhaps a building is deteriorating and needs repair but there is 5 are banned/aren’t allowed  6 better not
no money. Perhaps an area is no longer desirable to live in.
3 People who have been ill, broken a bone or had surgery may need TRUTH OR MYTH
rehabilitation. Addicts or prisoners also need rehabilitation.
4 Infectious diseases (like the plague, cholera, tuberculosis, 3A
diphtheria, etc.) require quarantine.  1 Conventional (Perception)  2 debunked (conventional) 
3 verify (intuitively)  4 uncovered (debunked)  5 intuitively (verify) 
2 6 perception (uncovered)
It has been used as a quarantine hospital, to house war veterans and
their families and as a rehabilitation centre for drug addicts.
THE PASSIVE
DVD VIEW 4A
1 is believed  2 disappeared  3 had been stolen 
3 4 came  5 were being  6 was thrown  7 wasn’t recruited 
The photographer thinks the island is so special because we can see 8 helped  9 have been recognised
its history, and we can get a feel for what happened there. Also you
are able to be in the city, and yet completely alone.
It also shows how places can change so quickly when people leave MAKING A POINT
and how nature takes over. 5A
1 Is there any evidence to prove that?
4B 2 What I’m basically saying is we can’t afford to waste any more time.
1 hiding  2 home  3 alone  4 time  5 contrasts 
3 If you think about it, we’d be stupid to let this opportunity
6 Tuberculosis  7 disintegrate  8 alter
escape us.
4 I don’t see how you can argue that economics doesn’t have an
influence on the situation.
5 Can we be sure about that?

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY

6
6.1 FUTURE GAZING 8A
1 Both are possible. We use will be working to make a prediction.
READING We use are to work to describe an order from an authority.
2 Both are possible. Might is less certain than will.
1B 3 Families will be racially very mixed.
buildings – most will be destroyed by 3,000 4 By 2030, scientists will have found cures for most illnesses.
language – most words commonly used today will become extinct 5 Both are possible. Will suggests a strong prediction. Due to
by 3,000 due to the rapid evolution of language means the decision has already been made by the authorities.
global disasters – a global disaster may well have happened by 6 In fifty years’ time, most rich people will live until they are over
100,000: either a super-volcano or a large climate-altering 100.

trends
asteroid 7 Both are possible. There is little difference in meaning.
monuments like the Pyramids of Giza – might still exist in 1,000,000 8 By 2050, it’s possible that governments will have been
the Earth’s temperature – will be higher: by 4,000, the ice in censoring the web for years.
Greenland will have melted because of extreme global warming
VOCABULARY PLUS PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
2A
Suggested answers: 10A
1 A trigger is the part of a gun that you squeeze to make it fire. 4, 5, 6: at  7, 8, 9: by  10, 11, 12: in  13, 14, 15: out of
Here, ‘trigger’ means ‘start a rapid or powerful process’. 11A
2 ‘Collide’ means ‘crash into’. ‘Fuse together’ means ‘slowly 1 at risk of  2 in decline  3 out of control  4 at least 
become one mass’. ‘Collide’ is the more violent action. 5 by law  6 in danger  7 on average  8 At present
3 ‘Erode’ describes the process of land being destroyed over many
years. ‘Corrode’ means ‘destroyed by a chemical action’, e.g.
metal. ‘Decompose’ is used about organic matter, e.g. food.  VOCABULARYBANK  p153  Prepositional phrases
4 become extinct, become a thing of the past
A 1 b)  2 a)  3 c)  4 b)  5 c)  6 a)  7 b)  8 c)  9 a) 
VOCABULARY PREDICTIONS 10 c)  11 a)  12 b)

3A
1 a distant memory, become a thing of the past
2
3
may well, is likely to
The signs are 6.2 A GLOBAL LANGUAGE?
4 the days of -ing will be over
VOCABULARY LANGUAGE
B
1 the signs are  2 is likely to 1A
1 global language: a language used all around the world
GRAMMAR FUTURE FORMS 2 command of a language: ability to use a language; mind your
language: pay attention to the words that you use, e.g. in order
5 not to appear rude
1 b)  2 e)  3 a)  4 d)  5 c) 3 language barrier: a breakdown in communication as a
result of people not having a common language in which to
6 communicate
f) not certain 4 dead language: a language which is no longer in use, for
g) expected to happen or arrive at a particular time example Latin or ancient Greek; official language: the language
h) an official arrangement or order which is used for official (e.g. legal) purposes in a country;
7A everyday language: the language used to communicate on a
1 She’ll have been running.  2 I’ll be seeing him later.  day-to-day basis
3 I’ll be there.  4 We’re to be there at 1.00. 5 offensive language: language which can be used to offend
someone, e.g. swearing

 LANGUAGEBANK 6.1  p138–139

 VOCABULARYBANK  p153 Language
A ‘Yesterday we announced that we are to merge with Jonas
Inc. We are due to do this in May, so today I’m going to speak A 1 word  2 get  3 cross  4 catch  5 good  6 shop  7 run 
about the company’s history and the decision to merge. This 8 tail  9 least  10 stick
time next year, the company will have been building houses B a) 10  b) 8  c) 4  d) 1  e) 5  f) 7  g) 3  h) 2  i) 9 
for twenty-five years. By January we will have built more than j) 6
100,000 homes, and I hope that we’ll still be building houses
in 2050. Although we will be discussing the new situation
with you individually, we are sure your jobs will be secure. LISTENING
Through this merger, we will be expanding and so we will 2
be moving into unknown markets. By February, we will have 1 They discuss the evolution of English, and how it might change
sent you a document about the company’s plans. For now, I in the future.
promise there will be opportunities for all.’  2 i) the fact that far more people speak English as a second
B 1 By tomorrow, we will have been married for twenty years. language than a first
2 The London-Brussels flight arrives at 2.00/is due to arrive ii) the influence of computers and automatic translators
at 2.00. 3 changes in pronunciation and vocabulary
3 The government is to pass a law prohibiting guns.
4 I’ll be seeing John (in the office), so I can speak to him. 3A
5 By July, we’ll have been living here for five years. new Englishes, culture and identity, local languages/brands of
6 The committee is due to have a meeting with the owners. English, English as a mother tongue, English as a foreign
7 I imagine Roger will be putting up his Christmas language
decorations in November.
8 My son will be eighteen (years old) next March.

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 6
B WRITING A REPORT; LEARN TO DESCRIBE TRENDS
new Englishes: there are now many different types of English, for
example Nigerian English, Ghanaian English, Singaporian English, etc.
9A
Suggested answers:
culture and identity: different countries have adapted English to
The graph shows that Chinese, Arabic and Russian in particular, are
express their own culture and identity.
likely to be more important in the future as their rate of growth is
local languages/brands of English: when English is adopted by very high. Possible predictions are: In the future, perhaps English will
people, it changes according to how they use it, for example to not be the most dominant language. Chinese, Arabic, Russian and
describe local places and things that are important to them (it Spanish may become more important than English.
becomes their own local brand of English).
English as a mother tongue: there are about 400 million people for B
whom English is their mother tongue. 1 Chinese, because there is a huge increase in demand as the
English as a foreign language: there are 2 billion people who speak number of Chinese internet users increases.
English as a second or foreign language (five times more than the 2 Arabic, Russian and perhaps Portuguese are also important to
number of people who speak it as their mother tongue). mention because of their huge growth rates.

4A 10
4 English has been adopted by more than seventy countries around Points 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 are all exemplified. You would expect to find
the world. point 4 in the remaining part.
6 Around the world, one third of the population speaks English as a
second or foreign language.
11A
1 dropped alarmingly
2 a drop
GRAMMAR CONCESSION CLAUSES 3 plummeted
5A 4 surge, declined
1 While  2 Although, Though  3 Difficult though it may be   5 collapsed
4 Whichever  5 In spite of  6 despite  7 Whilst 6 sharp

6A B
In each case, the concession clause is the clause which is introduced 1 There has been an explosion in (the) demand for mobile
by the phrase in italics. The other clause is the main clause. technology in language learning.
2 The number of people communicating regularly using social
B networks has increased dramatically.
1 a comma 3 The number of students attending private language schools to
2 the concession clause study English has plummeted.
3 Despite, In spite of    4 There has been a sharp increase in the ability of learners to access
learning materials on the internet.
C 5 There has been a gradual decline in the appeal of traditional
The concession clause is higher in pitch. teaching methods.

 LANGUAGEBANK 6.2  p138–139

A 1 whereas  2 as  3 matter  4 whenever  5 despite 
6.3 TRENDSETTERS
6 spite  7 however  8 although 
B 1 Despite knowing that it’s bad for me, I spend too much time
VOCABULARY TRENDS
on the internet. 1B
2 Even though my grandmother/she is nearly ninety-six years Main idea: that the best way to explain a trend is as something that
old, she/my grandmother is still fully independent. spreads like an epidemic or virus. 
3 He’s an excellent manager, although he can be a bit scary to
work for. 2A
4 Hard as they tried, they couldn’t persuade him to give up 1 off  2 appeal  3 imagination  4 chord 
his work. 5 thing (can also say craze)  6 trend (can also say fad )  7 risen 
5 Whilst I understand how difficult the situation is, I’m afraid 8 mouth
I can’t help.
6 He’s very charming. However, I wouldn’t trust him at all. FUNCTION DESCRIBING CAUSE AND EFFECT
3A
7A 1 wearing trousers below the hip, and showing underwear; reality TV
1 I always try to speak to people in their local language, even if shows
I don’t speak it very well. 2 in US prisons, because belts weren’t allowed; early programmes in
2 I spend a lot of time studying grammar, though I still make the 1970s and 80s
mistakes. 3 through rappers such as Ice T; through programmes such as Big
3 Difficult though it may be, I always try to believe what people tell Brother and Pop Idol
me.
4 However you look at it, technology is changing education. C
5 While I agree that English is important, I think students need to 1 It all started …; It has its origins/roots in …; It led to …
learn several languages. 2 It all started …; It originated in/from …; It has caused …; Because
6 Strange as it may seem, I find it hard to remember facts and of this, …; It resulted in …
figures.
7 Despite the fact that I enjoy travelling, I don’t get the opportunity
very often.  LANGUAGEBANK 6.3  p138–139
8 Learning a language is difficult, whichever method you choose. 1 rise  2 back  3 led  4 resulted  5 stem  6 about  7 in
8 attributed

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 6
4 speakout  crowdfund a tech trend
1 Reggae has its roots in Jamaica.
2 The Mohican haircut, in the UK, has its origins in the punk era. 7B
3 Technology has given rise to new types of crime, such as hacking. A water carrier that purifies water. They think it’s worth investing in
4 Some say football can be traced back to China. and has potential.
5 Global warming has caused/is the cause of many recent
environmental disasters. C
6 Because of better healthcare and diet, plus fewer babies per One of the biggest benefits is …; It’ll go on the market for two
family, the population is ageing. pounds/a hundred pounds/ten euros.; Can we see any drawbacks?; I
7 The rising number of female world leaders stems from the can’t really see any negatives.; It seems like a great investment.; It’s a
women’s liberation movement. start-up.; My initial reaction is …; It has a lot of potential. 
8 The growth in online publishing has led to new laws.
9 It’s thought that chess originated in India over a thousand years
ago.
10 Medical procedures for disfigured soldiers resulted in the 6.5 LOOKBACK
development of cosmetic surgery.
PREDICTIONS
LEARN TO SUMMARISE YOUR VIEWS 1
5A 1 could/might/may  2 in  3 signs/chances  4 distant  5 be 
We usually use these expressions at the end of a long ‘turn’ or the 6 thing
end of a section of speech. Their purpose is to summarise what has
been said. LANGUAGE
B 3A
Basically, …; So what I’m really saying is, … 1 dead language
2 command of the language
7C 3 global language
In each case, the ‘a’ sound in ‘ally’ becomes ‘swallowed’ e.g. basically 4 mind their language
becomes /ˈbeɪsɪklɪ/. 5 language barrier

CONCESSION CLAUSES
6.4 TECH TRENDS 4A
1 e)  2 b)  3 c)  4 f)  5 a)  6 d)
DVD PREVIEW
2 DESCRIBING CAUSE AND EFFECT
take off: suddenly start being successful 
breakout: newly famous and successful 
5A
1 These can be traced back to the 1700s, …
pushed the boat out: spent a lot of money celebrating something
2 This fashion item is often attributed to British designer Mary Quant
because it is very special 
in the 1960s, …
take: opinion 
3 … but it has its origins in the ‘talking’ style of West African
to the fore: very noticeable
musician-poets.
4 These have their roots in ancient China, ….
DVD VIEW 5 … it led to a new sport.
4 6 … This resulted in the brand name Gatorade.
All the things are mentioned except interactive television and brain 7 … which gave rise to the term that describes a popular form of
imaging. electronic writing.
smart watch: one speaker wonders if Apple’s smart watch will break B
out (become more successful than others) 1 roller skates
smart thermostat: can control heating from afar 2 mini-skirt
driverless cars: there are more experiments with these 3 hip-hop
drones: these have been promoted at a convenient time for Amazon 4 sunglasses
(before the Christmas rush); they will fill the skies and raise concerns 5 snowboarding
about privacy and surveillance 6 energy drinks
genetic data: it defines you and is being stored and makes you 7 blog
vulnerable to hackers

5B
1 wearable  2 move  3 boat  4 out  5 connected  6 heating 
7 hackers  8 data

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7
7.1 THE GREAT ESCAPE 4
1 What I don’t understand is why Anne Darwin didn’t tell her
READING sons about their father.
2 The place where they planned to start a new life was Panama.
1B 3 It was the photograph of the couple buying a house in Panama
Suggested answer: that revealed the deception.
A man who had been presumed drowned at sea turned up at a 4 The thing that she couldn’t understand was why Anne had
police station claiming he couldn’t remember anything. decided to emigrate to Panama.
5 The reason why John Darwin flew back to the UK from Panama
D was that he was missing his sons.

freedom
Suggested answers:  6 What he found difficult was coming to terms with what his
1 He was tanned because he had been living in Panama. parents had done. 
2 He’d pushed his canoe out to sea.
3 He’d been hiding in his house for most of the time, but later VOCABULARY COLLOCATIONS
travelled to Greece and Panama.
4 His deception was uncovered and he and his wife were sent to 6A
prison. They were later released and got divorced. 1 search  2 the alarm  3 presumed  4 suffer from 
5 an investigation  6 shift
2A
1 financial difficulties/debts. B
2 hiding in the house next door when people visited, rarely Suggested answers: 
leaving the house and changing his appearance. 1 search to no avail and search in vain = search without success
3 start a new life, running a hotel business selling canoe search frantically = search quickly, with a sense of panic
holidays. search extensively = search very thoroughly
4 a colleague of Anne’s who had become suspicious. 2 set off the alarm = do an action (maybe deliberately) which
5 were sent to prison and their assets were taken from them. causes the alarm to sound
sound the alarm and raise the alarm = a deliberate use of an
GRAMMAR CLEFT SENTENCES alarm in order to warn people of what is happening
trigger the alarm = do something (maybe small) which sets off
3B the alarm, and may not be intentional
1 What police didn’t initially realise was that the man standing in 3 presumed rightly = people thought this and they were correct
front of them was John Darwin, ‘the missing canoe man’. presumed wrongly = people thought this and they were
2 It was only when he failed to arrive at work for a night shift incorrect presumed dead = people thought he/she/it was dead
that the alarm was raised. presumed innocent = people thought this person was innocent
3 What he did then was spend the next few years hiding inside (until there was evidence to the contrary)
the house and rarely leaving. 4 suffer from asthma = a disease affecting the lungs and
4 It was a colleague of Anne Darwin’s who eventually put the breathing suffer from migraines = intense headaches often
pieces of the puzzle together. associated with bright or neon lights
suffer from amnesia = memory loss
suffer from hay fever = a medical condition, like a bad cold, that
 LANGUAGEBANK 7.1  p140–141 is caused by breathing in pollen (dust from plants)
A 1 The reason he lost his job was that he kept breaking the 5 launch an investigation = start an investigation
rules. (be) the subject of an investigation = be the person who is being
2 It was only when he left the theatre that he recognised investigated
her. pursue an investigation = continue with the investigation
3 What I want to do is persuade them to come with us. lead an investigation = be the person in charge of the
4 All I worry about/I’m worried about is whether she will investigation
have enough money. 6 day/night shift = a session at work which lasts all day/all night
5 What is amazing is that they have such a fantastic range early/late shift = a session at work which starts early in the
of spices. morning/late at night
split shift = a session at work which is divided into two parts,
B 1 a) What elections have done is give these people their
e.g. one which starts early in the morning and one which is
first real opportunity to decide who will govern them.
later in the day
b) The thing that has given these people their first real 10-hour shift = a session at work which lasts for ten hours
opportunity to decide who will govern them is the
elections.
VOCABULARY PLUS SUFFIXES
c) It’s the elections that have given these people their
first real opportunity to decide who will govern them. 8A
2 a) It was the airports, roads and rail systems that See answers to Ex 8B.
suffered widespread disruption due to the heavy snow
and severe weather.
B
b) It was heavy snow and severe weather that caused verbs nouns adjectives adverbs
widespread disruption to the country’s airports, roads elaborate elaboration elaborate/elaborative elaborately
and rail systems. deceive deception deceptive deceptively
c) W  hat caused disruption to the country’s airports,
pretend pretence pretend ✗
roads and rail systems was the heavy snow and severe
weather. suspect suspicion suspicious suspiciously
3 a) What caused students to march through the city
centre in protest were the new laws. 9A
See answers to Ex 9B.
b) The reason hundreds of students marched through
the city centre was to protest against the new laws. B
c) What happened was hundreds of students marched 1 elaborate (vb)  2 pretence (n)  3 recollection (n) 
through the city centre to protest against the new laws. 4 suspicious (adj)  5 massive (adj)  6 realise (vb) 
7 extensively (adv)  8 supposedly (adv)

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 7
10A 4 What do her friends say her music/‘stuff’ sounds like?
1 elaborate  2 realise  3 recollection  4 pretence  5 What does he do to relax?
5 suspicious  6 massive  7 extensively  8 supposedly 6 Who does he play with/meet up with?

B C
1 motivate, hesitate, renovate, elaborate 1 ‘A hard slog’ means a difficult, long task.
2 darken, strengthen, brighten  2 ‘Go with the flow’ means proceed with no fixed plan. Liquids flow,
3 prioritise, legalise, modernise, realise e.g. rivers.
4 glorify, electrify, exemplify  3 ‘A remnant of childhood’ means a memory remaining from your
5 exhaustion, production, recollection childhood.
6 immediacy, accuracy, tendency  GRAMMAR PARTICIPLE CLAUSES
7 clarity, stupidity, opportunity
8 embarrassment, enjoyment, harassment 5A
9 loneliness, unhappiness, tiredness  She learnt the tango by taking classes and practising at home.
10 engineer, musician, professor
11 applicant, attendant, disinfectant B
12 clearance, reappearance, pretence Feeling jaded from life at a desk and armed with …; Having listened
13 dominant, redundant, independent to the music as a child, …; Not wanting to give up, …; Using a CD lent
14 scandalous, rebellious, suspicious  to me by a friend, …; Encouraged by my teacher, …; … having
15 capable, edible, visible struggled with it for months …; People looking for something a bit
16 persuasive, elusive, evasive, massive different …
17 respectful, helpful, resourceful
18 deeply, financially, dramatically, extensively, supposedly
6A
1 c)  2 b)  3 a)  4 d)

 VOCABULARYBANK  p154 Suffixes B
e) Having listened to the music as a child, I already knew the rhythms,
A verbs: fabricate, glorify
…
nouns: censorship, nationalist, governor, senility, likelihood,
f) … armed with nothing but a love of Argentinian culture, …
kindliness, repetition, sarcasm, expertise, remission
adjectives: exorbitant, nationalist, responsive, personable,
identical, troublesome, classy, anxious, heroic  LANGUAGEBANK 7.2  p140–141
B 1 sympathise  2 effective  3 imposition  4 frivolity  A 1 a) Making  b) Made  2 a) Told  b) Telling 
5 enviable  6 hesitant  7 enthusiasm  8 chauvinistic 3 a) Paying  b) Paid  4 a) worn  b) wearing 
5 a) written  b) Writing
B Armed with nothing …; Having graduated in economics, …;
One afternoon while discussing the world’s problems …;
7.2 SWITCHING OFF Given a caravan by a stranger, …; Asked what he misses …

VOCABULARY IDIOMS: RELAXING 7

1 Proven by experts to be a stress buster, jogging is a great exercise.
2 2 Having honed my technique, I spent all my free time painting.
1 have a breather  2 let your hair down  3 Not knowing how to relax, I always felt tense until I discovered
3 take time out from  4 take my mind off  5 switch off  6 unwind Pilates.
4 Given a/the chance to go to a dance school in Colombia, Paul
3A learnt salsa.
The underlined words are stressed: 5 While staying in Toulouse, she learnt French cooking.
1 have a breather  2 let your hair down  3 take time out from  6 Bought for me by my brother, my rollerblades are a great way for
4 take my mind off  5 switch off  6 unwind me to get around.
7 Not being naturally good at sports, he had to work incredibly hard.
 VOCABULARYBANK  p154  Idioms: relaxing 8 Alternative lifestyles are practised by many people looking for
freedom from modern life.
A 1 C  2 A  3 E  4 B  5 D  6 F
B 1 burn the candle at both ends  WRITING A LEAFLET; LEARN TO USE SUBHEADINGS
2 while away, chill out
3 hang out  10
4 Working all hours and burning the midnight oil mean you 1 Anyone who wants to stay somewhere where they can relax in a
are working extremely hard. They usually have a positive luxurious environment.
connotation (the person is working hard to achieve 2 Yes, it does.
something useful). 11A
Heading: Sparngall Spa Retreat
Subheading: Welcome, Accommodation, Facilities and Activities,
LISTENING Dining, Rates
4A Slogan: Relax, Rejuvenate, Recharge
Speaker 1 goes hiking. Doesn’t see another person. Focuses on the The heading describes the topic of the whole text (in this case, the
walk and doesn’t think about anything else. place). Subheadings describe the topic of individual sections of the
Speaker 2 plays the piano. Finds it relaxing, ‘goes with the flow’. text (in this case, details about the place). The slogan uses a ‘catchy’
Speaker 3 does team sports. Problems ‘melt away’. Running around phrase that is designed to attract the reader (e.g. as here, through
in the open air, getting sweaty, is a ‘remnant of childhood’ when you alliteration).
had nothing to worry about. B
The only idea which is not useful is idea 4.
B
1 Where does he go hiking?/Where are the hiking trails? C
2 What did he see on a trail (about a year ago)? Suggested answer:
3 What instrument does she play to unwind? Directions

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 7

7.3 FREE TO MAKE MISTAKES DVD VIEW

5
VOCABULARY RISK 1 To join a round table conference to discuss India’s future. His goal
was to win India’s freedom from the empire.
2A 2 He led 70,000 of his countrymen in a non-violent protest against a
1 She let him travel home on the subway in New York alone when he
tax that Indians were forced to pay for collecting their own salt.
was nine years old.
3 The British violent clampdown against the Indian protest, and the
2 Because he had been nagging her for weeks to be allowed out on
way Gandhi handled the issue (he ‘shattered the moral authority of
his own and because she believes in encouraging independence.
a superpower’).
3 She received support from some, and a lot of negative reactions
4 His manner was ‘understated’, i.e. modest and humble.
from others. She was accused of being ‘crazy’ and ‘America’s worst
5 The modesty of his lifestyle, and the fact that Gandhi didn’t see
mom’.
anything for himself in what he was doing, but tried to inspire
4 She thinks that if you are too over-protective then your children
other people.
do not learn about danger and about how to take risks, which then
6 India gained its independence from Britain.
becomes a danger in itself.
B speakout freedom
1 independence
2 mollycoddle 8B
3 deliberately, expose voting (man)  religion (man) 
4 reasonable risks, unsupervised access to information (woman)  speech (woman)  travel (woman)  
5 over-protective
6 risk-averse C
All of the phrases are used.
FUNCTION EXCHANGING OPINIONS
3
writeback  what freedom means to you
1 W  2 M  3 W  4 W  5 W  6 M  7 M  8 M
10A
4A personal freedom
a) joking  b) right  c) point  d) think  e) judgement  f) say 
g) sense  h) ridiculous

B 7.5 LOOKBACK
1 b)  2 c)  3–6 d), e), f), g)  7–8 a), h)
CLEFT SENTENCES
 LANGUAGEBANK 7.3  p140–141 1A
1 The reason I’ve come
1 sense  2 suppose  3 100 percent  4 Where  5 honestly  2 It was when I was reading that book
6 more 3 What most impresses me
4 One thing I’ve learnt is that
5 The person who
LEARN TO CONVINCE SOMEONE 6 What you should do is
7 All I want to say
5A 8 What they do
Speakers use a slightly higher pitch, keep their voice level and don’t
strongly emphasise any particular words.
COLLOCATIONS
6A 2A
1 Surely you don’t think people should never eat meat? 1 vain  2 alarm  3 presumed  4 shift  5 asthma  6 subject
2 All I’m trying to say is that children need to learn at some stage.
3 The point is that exams are a useful way to measure progress. B
4 Oh, come on! That doesn’t make any sense. Suggested answers:
Student A
search to no avail/in vain/frantically/extensively
7.4 GANDHI: THE ROAD TO to launch/(to be) the subject of/to pursue/to lead an investigation
day/night/early/late/split/10-hour shift
FREEDOM Student B
to set off/to sound/to raise/to trigger the alarm
DVD PREVIEW presumed rightly/wrongly/dead/innocent
to suffer from asthma/migraines/amnesia/hay fever
2
colonial domination: the state of being ruled and controlled by an
outside power, e.g. the British Empire
IDIOMS: RELAXING
revered: regarded with great respect 3A
figurehead: respected leader 1 unwind  2 let  3 mind  4 out  5 off
clampdown: a forceful attempt to make people obey rules
outrage: extreme anger because of something morally wrong EXCHANGING OPINIONS
galvanised: caused people to become active in seeking change
crowning moment: most successful moment or greatest achievement 5A
rested on his shoulders: relied on someone to achieve something 1 … up to a point.
important 2 That’s ridiculous!
3 I couldn’t agree more.
3 4 I suppose you’ve got a point, …
True

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY

8
8.1 HISTORY IN A BOX VOCABULARY PLUS PROVERBS
8A
READING actions speak louder than words
2A 9A
1 Antonio Carlos Jobim Group A: 1 d)  2 b)  3 e)  4 a)  5 c)  6 f)
2 Bulawayo, Zimbabwe Group B: 7 g)  8 l)  9 i)  10 k)  11 j)  12 h)
3 Ralph’s Fine Dining
4 Bharatpur, India 10
5 France’s National Library 1 A picture is worth a thousand words.

time
6 Professor Thornwell Jacobs 2 Better safe than sorry.
7 Panasonic and Mainichi Newspapers 3 Out of sight, out of mind.
8 in 2025 4 Home is where the heart is.
5 Practise what you preach.
VOCABULARY TIME EXPRESSIONS 6 Rome wasn’t built in a day.
7 There’s no place like home.
3A 8 Nothing ventured, nothing gained.
1 dates back to  2 the outset  3 at regular intervals  9 Don’t judge a book by its cover.
4 was about to  5 for the foreseeable future/in years to come 10 Actions speak louder than words.
11 Practice makes perfect.
B 12 Absence makes the heart grow fonder. 
1 In years to come, we will remember this as a golden age.
2 Scientific breakthroughs don’t happen at regular intervals; they
occur irregularly.  VOCABULARYBANK  p155 Proverbs
3 AIDS probably dates back to the early 20th century, but began A 1 f)  2 j)  3 d)  4 c)  5 i)  6 e)  7 a)  8 g)  9 b)  10 h)
to spread rapidly in the 1980s.
4 We are about to enter an age of natural disasters.
5 From the outset, the internet was able to unite people around
the world.
6 Poverty will be with us for the foreseeable future. 8.2 I REMEMBER …
GRAMMAR FUTURE IN THE PAST LISTENING
4A 2A
1 a) The time capsule was supposed to be opened in 2007. Childhood memories. The effect is called ‘the Proust
b) His capsule was to remain hidden for the foreseeable future. phenomenon’. 
c) The other wasn’t going to be touched for 5,000 years.
d) It was to have been the world’s biggest time capsule. B
2 a) was supposed to  c) wasn’t going to  d) was to have disinfectant: reminds him of school; cigarettes: horrible smell,
3 Paragraph 6: They were going to leave these untouched … reminds her of when she could smell cigarettes on her clothes,
(This example describes a plan that did not become reality.); … and would try to hide the smell so her parents wouldn’t find out;
a new air-conditioning system was about to be installed, … candles: when they have just been snuffed out, reminds him of
Paragraph 7: … the crypt wasn’t meant to be opened until when he used to sing in a church choir
8113. Paragraph 8: One of them would be opened at regular Also mentioned: vinegar and paint
intervals …; … in years to come people would find …
3
B 1 True
1 was/were  2 was/were  3 was/were  4 was/were 2 True
3 Psychologists think memories associated with smells are
stronger than those evoked by photos.
 LANGUAGEBANK 8.1  p142–143 4 Professor Chu uses familiar smells to trigger autobiographical
A 1 f)  2 d)  3 a)  4 c)  5 b)  6 e) memories.
B  1 We were about to ascend the mountain when … 5 True
 2 Correct 6 When the man smells candles, he is reminded of when he sang
 3 Melissa meant to tell you about the dinner invitation, … in the church choir.
 4 We were to have taken the 6.02 train to Manchester, …
 5 … she was on the verge of becoming a superstar.
4B
1 carried back in time
 6 Correct
2 evoking memories
 7 … where he would later meet his sixth wife.
3 takes me back in time
 8 I was but hoping to work with Donna again, …
4 evocative smell
 9 Correct
10 I was to meet Daley and his gang in the subway at
midnight.
GRAMMAR ELLIPSIS AND SUBSTITUTION
5A
5 1 A: (Do you/Can you) remember any special smells from your
1 Our time capsule was to be opened in 2020. childhood?
2 The document wasn’t to be seen until 2050. B: Yes, I do (remember special smells from my childhood)
3 The safe was supposed to be locked for ten years, but someone actually. (I remember) the smell of my grandmother’s
opened it. perfume.
4 We were going to visit Montevideo, but we didn’t have time. 2 B: Does it (remind you of holidays in Greece)? I’ve never been
5 It was to have been the world’s biggest outdoor festival, but there (to Greece).
then the rain came. 3 A: (Have you) got any photos of your family?
6 Jim went to Peru, where he would live/end up living for twenty B: Yes, (I’ve got) lots (of photos of my family).
years.

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 8
Words have been left out as a feature of spoken language (ellipsis),
without changing the meaning, because they are superfluous.  VOCABULARYBANK  p155 Memories
We can understand from the context or because of assumed A 1 nothing springs to mind  2 a once-in-a lifetime experience 
knowledge. 3 a (real) day to remember  4 it’s on the tip of my tongue 
5 I can’t for the life of me remember  6 I clean forgot. 
B 7 That’s going back.  8 I remember it like it was yesterday. 
1 (Have you) ever been to Spain?, (I’ll) see you (later/tomorrow/
9 I’ve had a complete memory lapse 
on Monday, etc.).
10 it’s etched on my memory
2 so = I’ve got everything I need. 
B remembering/forgetting: 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10;
past experiences: 2, 3, 7, 8
 LANGUAGEBANK 8.2  p142–143 C a) remember it like it was yesterday, etched on my memory
b) once-in-a-lifetime experience, day to remember
A 1 one  2 do  3 so  4 not  5 ones  6 there  7 mine 
c) it’s on the tip of my tongue
8 some
d) I can’t for the life of me remember, I clean forgot
B 1 I’m not sure if they’ve finished, but I think they have e) That’s going back
finished.
2 We could have met them later, but I didn’t want to meet
them later.
3 Do you want a coffee? I’ve just made some coffee. WRITING A PERSONAL STORY; LEARN TO IMPROVE
4 I’d be happy to help if you need me to help.
DESCRIPTIVE WRITING
5 B: We were supposed to arrive at six.
6 Erica had ice cream for dessert and Bill had chocolate cake. 10A
7 They’ll be here soon, but I don’t know exactly when they’ll 1 Because the writer had special memories of playing in the tree
be here. with his/her cousins as a child.
8 A: Have you got the time?  B: The time is half past two. 2 It became a doctor’s surgery.
B
6A The writer follows all the advice.
See answers to Ex 6B. 
11
B 1 adjectives: huge (house), ancient (fig tree), green (leaves),
Answers to A and B:  sticky (sap), crunchy (apples), lush green (leaves), juicy (figs),
1 A: Are you coming to the party?  smooth (bark); verbs: stood, chatter, feast, beckoning, sprinting
B: Yes, I think so. 2 onomatopoeia: sticky sap, crunchy apple, smooth bark;
2 A: Did you just delete the file?  texture: sticky sap, smooth bark
B: I hope not. 3 The writer uses the contrast of the house nowadays (as a doctor’s
3 A: Do you want to try this perfume?  surgery) with his/her memory of the house in the past. His/Her
B: No, but I’ll try that one. happy memories contrast with his/her feeling (sad) of seeing how
4 A: Do you think we’ll have enough time to discuss this later? the house and gardens had been changed.
B: We’ll have a little time. 4 personification of an object: ‘The fig tree knew all our secrets.’, The
5 A: Are you going away on holiday this year? branches ‘beckoned’; metaphor: ‘memories … flooding back’
B: No. Ann Marie doesn’t have enough money and nor do I.
6 A: Are you sure you’ve got enough copies for everyone?
B: Yes, I’ve got lots. 8.3 TIME SAVERS
7
Student A: VOCABULARY COLLOCATIONS WITH TIME
1 Have you ever been to China? – b) 2A
2 I don’t know why I can’t get this camera to work. – c) 1 world  2 pushed  3 hands  4 to  5 the  6 in, spare
3 I love olives. – d)
4 Have they nearly finished? – e)
5 What’s that? It looks wonderful. – a)
FUNCTION DISCUSSING IDEAS
Student B: 4A
1 Have you been in the job for long? – c) The job involves advising individuals/companies on how to maximise
2 Are you sure she’s coming today? – a) their time. He looks at the processes used to accomplish tasks, how
3 Someone called you earlier and left a message. – d) deadlines are set and met, and people’s working habits to find more
4 Do you want a tea or coffee? – e) efficient ways to do things.
5 Did you see the film last night? – b)
B
VOCABULARY MEMORIES what he does: advises individuals/companies on how to maximise
their time
8A who he works with: all kinds of companies − from very traditional
1 This place holds lots of memories for us. manufacturing firms to internet start-ups
2 … it brings back a lot of memories. observing: the first thing he does is observe the person’s routine
3 It’s one of my earliest memories. resources: journalists have great resources − people who can help,
4 I have very vague memories … contacts, archives
5 I only have a very hazy recollection … how people typically start their working day: most people check
6 … I remember it vividly. emails, read the news, go on social media sites, respond to messages
7 I remember her dress distinctly. … lists: some people use to-do lists, prioritised tasks and some have
8 … the memories come flooding back.  lists next to their lists (contacts and other information needed to
achieve the task)
B distractions: How much media (which means distractions) is around
Not strong: vague, hazy;
you? If you have text messaging, Facebook, the TV, the phone, the
Very strong: vividly, distinctly, flooding
mobile phone, you are probably distracted.

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 8
5A DVD VIEW
acknowledging an idea: Right. OK.; Sure.; Definitely.; I never thought
of that.; Yes, it’s true.; That’s a good idea.; I know what you mean.;
3
1 b)  2 d)  3 a)  4 c)
introducing an alternative: Having said that, …; But looking at it
another way, …; … but on the other hand …; But I’m looking at …; 4B
Alternatively, …; Yes and no. 1 jumbled up  2 onto glaciers  3 future  4 change 
5 tragedy  6 irreversibly changing
B
acknowledging an idea: That’s true.; That’s interesting.;
That makes sense.; Exactly.; I’m with you there. speakout  a turning point
introducing an alternative: Mind you, …; But you could argue that …
6A
6 1 i) to go to theatre school, ii) to leave theatre school and go to a
1 That’s true,  2 But looking at it another way,  normal school and get an education, iii) to have children
3 I never thought of that,  4 Yes and no.  5 Having said that.  2 Not really, although she wonders what might have happened had
6 Alternatively, she made different decisions.
3 Her sister had a more successful career from an earlier stage.
 LANGUAGEBANK 8.3  p142–143 B
1 I never thought of that go to a specialised theatrical school; no pressure either way; go to
2 I’m with you there a theatre school; it’s panned out; another decision; have children or
3 That makes sense not; what would have happened if …
4 But looking at it another way
5 I know what you mean
6
7
on the other hand
Having said that
8.5 LOOKBACK
FUTURE IN THE PAST
LEARN TO SOLICIT MORE INFORMATION 2A
7 1 meant to  2 was to have  3 were meant  4 going to 
Can you go into more detail? Can you think of anything else (you 5 was planning  6 were supposed  7 was going
might look at)? Any other suggestions (for how I might save time)?
ELLIPSIS AND SUBSTITUTION
8B
1 else  2 more  3 add  4 missed  5 come 3A
1 not  2 have  3 so  4 there  5 can’t  6 not one
TIP B
anyone 1 Do you, No I  2 Are you  3 Do you, Yes I  4 It’s  5 Will we 
6 Do you
9A
1 b)  2 a) MEMORIES
10 4
1 Can you tell us more? 1 holds  2 brings  3 vague  4 distinctly  5 flooding  6 earliest
2 Can you go into more detail?
3 Is there anything we’ve missed? DISCUSSING IDEAS
4 Can you think of anything else?
5 Anyone managed to come up with other ideas?  5A
1 a good
2 thought of
8.4 WHAT IS TIME? 3 makes sense
4 having said
5 that’s true
DVD PREVIEW 6 another way
1B 7 know what
Suggested answers: 8 other hand
9 I’m with
art, science
10 Mind you
2
The concept of the arrow of time, which describes how time is
characterised by irreversible change. 

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY

9
9.1 ICONS VOCABULARY PLUS THREE-PART MULTI-WORD
VERBS
VOCABULARY ADJECTIVES: THE ARTS 10A
1 a) stand up for (talk in support of)
1B b) came up with (thought of ideas, plans, etc.)
1 unconventional: very different from the way people usually c) put up with (tolerate)
behave, think, dress, etc.; thought-provoking: making people 2 No, it isn’t possible to split three-part multi-word verbs.
think seriously about a particular subject; bleak: without 3 The stress is on the first particle, i.e. up. 
anything to make you feel happy or hopeful; compelling: very
interesting or exciting, so you have to pay attention; charming: B

inspiration
very pleasing or attractive; well-received: accepted with The only piece of advice which is not a good idea is point 2. 
enthusiasm, e.g. by critics; poignant: making you feel sad or full
of pity; overrated: not as good or important as some people 11
think or say; offbeat: unusual and not what people normally 1 get away with  2 get round to  3 go in for  4 go along with 
expect, especially in an interesting way; stylish: attractive in a 5 come down to  6 come up with  7 put up with  8 put down to
fashionable way; striking: attractive in an unusual way that is 9 stand up to  10 stand up for  11 catch up with  12 catch on to
easy to notice; subtle: not easy to notice
or understand unless you pay careful attention  VOCABULARYBANK  p156 
2 Most of the words can describe most art forms, e.g. film, art, music.
3 Adjectives to describe people: unconventional, charming,
Three-part multi-word verbs
offbeat, stylish, striking. We can use the other adjectives A a) cut down on  b) go through with  c) go back on 
when we want to describe people’s performances. d) go down with  e) do away with  f) look down on 
g) keep up with  h) watch out for  i) look in on 
D j) get up to
thought-provoking, poignant, subtle

TIP
Silent letters: t in whistling, p in cupboard, o in leopard, 9.2 FEELING INSPIRED
b in plumber, c in fascinating, t in mortgage, g in foreigner
LISTENING
READING 1B
Speaker 1 − writer: switching off, doing something mundane like
2B washing-up
The text is about an art project that took place on the fourth
plinth in Trafalgar Square: members of the public were invited to Speaker 2 − works in advertising: inspired by people, stories,
‘perform’ on the plinth. nature, outdoor sport (skiing, snowboarding)
Speaker 3 − chef: old recipe books
3 Speaker 4 − entrepreneur: inspired by the people who didn’t
a) 4  b) 5  c) 6  d) 2  e) 1  f) 3 believe in her, the teacher who told her she wouldn’t get
anywhere or achieve anything worthwhile 
4
1 depict  2 engendering  3 orchestrate  4 preoccupations  2B
5 onlookers  6 at random  7 spectrum  8 overran  1 It takes his mind off his work, and that is when he often gets ideas.
9 peaceful, serene  10 voyeuristic 2 She gets lots of ideas for things she can do when she gets back
to work.
GRAMMAR TENSES FOR UNREAL SITUATIONS 3 They hold memories of enjoyable meals.
4 He told her she would never get anywhere or achieve anything
6B worthwhile, and this gave her the determination to prove him
1 The final verbs in the underlined phrases are in the past
wrong. This helped her to develop a determination to succeed
simple, except for 6, which is past perfect.
which has helped her as an entrepreneur.
2 b)
VOCABULARY IDEAS
 LANGUAGEBANK 9.1  p144–145
3B
A 1 prefer  2 as were  3 How about  4 the  5 want that  Suggested answers:
6 Rather  7 one time  8 as 1 He’s always coming up with novel ideas. – having new/
B 1 It’s high time you spoke to your mother. original ideas
2 Suppose I pressed this button, what would happen? 2 I’m toying with the idea of going back to college. –
3 They treat that girl as though she were a princess. considering the idea (but not in a very serious way)
4 Given the choice, I’d sooner learn Chinese than German. 3 What gave you the idea for the book? – was your inspiration
5 What if there were a volcanic eruption in a densely 4 The idea came to me while I was having a bath. – I had the idea
populated area? 5 Can we brainstorm ideas for the new advert? – quickly come
6 It’s about time she stopped smoking. up with as many ideas as possible (good and bad) without
7 They behave as if they own/owned the place. rejecting any
8 I’d rather you didn’t go there. 6 We hit on the idea of renting a cottage. – suddenly had the
idea
7 7 Whose bright idea was it to leave the washing out in the
1 was rain? – good idea (ironic, i.e. it was a bad idea)
2 hadn’t 8 The company is looking for people who can come up with
3 time original ideas. – have new ideas (that other people haven’t
4 had  thought of)
5 rather 9 It seemed like a good idea at the time. – We thought it was a
6 imagine good idea, but it wasn’t.
7 if 10 Camping in winter was a ridiculous idea. – bad/laughable idea
8 would

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 9
C
a) 7  LANGUAGEBANK 9.2  p144–145
b) 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 A 1 c)  2 b)  3 b)  4 a)  5 c)  6 b)  7 c)  8 a)  9 c)
c) 2 B 1 I just grab a sandwich to eat quickly at lunchtime if I’m in a
d) 7, 9, 10 hurry./If I’m in a hurry, I just grab a sandwich to eat quickly at
lunchtime.
4A 2 In the evenings my husband and I generally sit in front of the
1 He’s toying with the idea of going to university.
television too tired to talk.
2 You need to brainstorm some ideas/come up with some novel
3 I always carefully plan anything I write in English to reduce
ideas for selling the product.
the number of mistakes.
3 You hit on an idea/An idea came to you for what to do for your
4 Unfortunately, I consistently spend too much time in front
birthday.
of the computer.
4 It seemed like a good idea at the time.
5 They met online and enjoyed each other’s company for a
5B while.
See answers to Ex 5C. 6 I took up painting about six months ago to help me relax.
7 I left my things on the kitchen table when I left this
C morning.
1 /ʌ/ (some): coming, company (additional words: undercover, 8 I’ll probably have more time to see my friends when my
comfortable) exams are finished./When my exams are finished, I’ll
2 /ʊ/ (took): book, looking, good (additional words: cook, hook) probably have more time to see my friends.
3 /ɒ/ (on): novel, cottage (additional words: orange, obstacle)
4 /ɔɪ/ (coin): toying (additional words: boy, join) 8A
5 /ə/ (actor): original, ridiculous (additional words: orang-utan, 1 d) I totally forgot to call you yesterday to tell you about this great
incubator) idea I’ve had.
6 /u:/ (shoot): to, whose, who (additional words: choose, move) 2 f) We regularly go walking in the mountains near our house during
7 /aʊ/ (mouth): out (additional words: shout, loud) the holidays.
8 /ɔ:/ (door): brainstorm (additional words: story, more) 3 a) I can easily change the appointment for you to make it more
9 /əʊ/ (show): going (additional words: toe, know) convenient./I can easily change the appointment to make it more
convenient for you.
4 b) I generally like to chat with friends on Facebook in the evenings
 VOCABULARYBANK  p156  Collocations with ideas when I’m at home to find out what they’ve been doing.
1 have an idea 5 e) I usually like to take things easy at the weekends.
2 get the wrong idea 6 c) I’ll probably try to visit my family next time I’m in the area.
3 someone’s idea of a joke
4 a clear idea WRITING A REVIEW; LEARN TO USE A RANGE OF
5 full of bright ideas VOCABULARY
6 don’t have the faintest idea  10A
1 It’s a showcase for new inventions from around the world.
2 inventors looking for financial backing and people who enjoy
GRAMMAR ADVERBIALS
technology and have a good sense of humour
6B 3 generally positive 
on your own – alone; almost certainly – most probably;
a year – annually; readily – willingly; record his ideas – to keep track
B
The review meets guidelines 1–3, but doesn’t demonstrate the clear
of his observations; simultaneously – at the same time
structure suggested in 4.
C Optional extra activity
1 to keep track of his observations
2 at the same time Suggested answers:  a brief introduction: paragraph 1; a description
3 annually of contents: the information in paragraphs 2–4; an assessment of
4 willingly value: how useful the writer thinks the show is and who it might be
5 alone useful for; a comparison with others: how the show compares to
6 most probably other similar shows; a conclusion: paragraph 5

7A 11B
1 willingly, alone 1 eccentric
2 at the same time 2 delighted
3 annually 3 initially
4 most probably 4 entertaining
5 to keep track of his observations 5 fascinating
6 highly intelligent
B 7 stunning
Suggested answers: 
paragraph 1: frequently, to keep track of interesting ideas and
websites you come across TIP
paragraph 2: by extending your sphere of interests with hobbies really delighted, really fascinating, highly intelligent,
paragraph 3: just to read, to do nothing but read absolutely stunning
paragraph 4: both online and offline
paragraph 5: every once in a while, to just relax and be by yourself
paragraph 6: every day

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 9

9.3 LOVE IT OR HATE IT 9.4 THE PHILANTHROPIST

VOCABULARY EXPRESS YOURSELF DVD VIEW
1A 2
1 It is a review website. 1 18  2 brother  3 hospitals  4 Philippines  5 $50,000
2 You can read people’s reviews of, for example, music albums and
about their general opinion on things. 3B
1 Money is only useful if you give it to people who need it.
B 2 Two family tragedies: her mother died giving birth and her brother
1 rave: (v) say wonderful things about; (n) strong praise for died a few years later because her family couldn’t afford proper
something medical care.
2 rant: (v) say terrible things about; (n) strong criticism of something 3 With shock
3 crave a fresh perspective: desire a different opinion or new way of 4 It inspired an outpouring of donations and the hospital was able to
looking at things build a new medical wing.
4 speak their mind: say what they think 5 Never
5 let your feelings fly: allow your emotions to show
6 (give somebody) a piece of your mind: tell someone what you think
of them or their behaviour, often angrily
speakout an award nomination
C 5A
1 crave a fresh perspective The award is for a person who makes a difference in people’s lives,
2 rant through organising, developing projects or showing leadership skills.
3 a piece of your mind Anyone can nominate a candidate.
4 speak his mind
5 let your feelings fly B
6 rave He welcomes immigrants at a refugee centre in Australia, helps them
with the language and with forms and documents, helps them find
FUNCTION RANTING/RAVING apartments and jobs and provides moral and sometimes financial
support. Personal qualities: humble, has dignity and kindness.
2B
1 travel  2 food  3 arts and entertainment  4 travel  5 food  C
6 products goes under the radar.; has made a huge difference to people’s lives.;
has worked tirelessly.; provides moral support.; is an example to
3A us all.; must have helped thousands of people; would be a worthy
1 fantastic  2 ever  3 better  4 spectacular  5 luck  6 classic  winner.
7 stand  8 wall  9 horrendous  10 waste Idiom: Go under the radar means not to be seen or known by many
people. 
4
1 c)  2 f)  3 a)  4 e)  5 b)  6 d)
writeback  an inspiring person
 LANGUAGEBANK 9.3  p144–145 7A
She inspired ‘a whole nation’ and ‘women everywhere’ through her
1 It was awesome – really the best concert ever.
campaigning for human rights and through her poetry, which was
2 It wasn’t my cup of tea.
about ordinary Iranians. 
3 … if there’s one thing I can’t stand for it’s violence.
4 Yes, it’s an all-time classic.
5 Oh, I thought it was absolutely incredible.
6 It was a total waste of money. 9.5 LOOKBACK
ADJECTIVES: THE ARTS
LEARN TO USE COMMENT ADVERBIALS
1
5A 1 overrated  2 compelling  3 poignant  4 unconventional 
1 Honestly 5 offbeat  6 stylish
2 actually
3 definitely TENSES FOR UNREAL SITUATIONS
4 especially
5 grossly 2A
6 Clearly It’s high time art forms like opera were made accessible to the public.;
… and it’s about time the public had a chance to enjoy them.; I’d
B sooner TV wasn’t overtaken by sites like YouTube.; Finally, it’s time
1 Honestly schoolteachers thought outside the box.; Supposing kids had a
2 Basically chance to learn how to juggle …; I’m sure millions of kinaesthetic
3 Clearly learners would rather spend their days doing this …
4 surprisingly
5 simply IDEAS
6 Undoubtedly
3A
C 1 c)  2 a)  3 b)  4 c)  5 a)  6 a)
1 rave  2 rant  3 rave  4 rant  5 rant  6 rave
RANTING/RAVING
5A
1 amazing  2 all-time  3 ever  4 thing  5 luck  6 horrendous 
7 idyllic  8 waste

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY

10
10.1 ON THE ROAD 7A
1 Not until they argued did he think about leaving.
VOCABULARY COLLOCATIONS 2 Only then did I see the danger that we were in.
3 No sooner had we left the tent than it collapsed.
2A 4 Had we remembered, we would have taken extra fuel.
1 c)  2 e)  3 h)  4 a)  5 b)  6 d)  7 f)  8 g) 5 Never before had they ridden motorbikes for such extended
distances.
B 6 At no point did they consider giving up the expedition.
1 They set off on an epic journey
2 Af ter twenty-six years on the road VOCABULARY PLUS SYNONYMS

horizons
3 A trial run of the trip in Africa
4 It was a valuable learning experience 8A
5 Spend a couple of years touring the continent Suggested answers: 
6 Af ter quitting his job 1 journey = voyage, excursion
7 The couple headed straight for the Sahara desert 2 conceals = keeps out of sight, hides, secretes
8 Travelling off the beaten track 3 gripping = exciting, riveting
4 embarked on = launched, commenced
READING 5 spacious = immense, voluminous
6 mastered = succeeded, developed
3A
Gunther has travelled 884,000km (549,000 miles). B
1 tracker  2 extract  3 dull  4 complete  5 miniscule  6 train
B
1 e)  2 g)  3 d)  4 a)  5 f)  6 b) 9
The extra sentence is c). 1 He concealed the documents under his coat.
2 The book is a gripping account of his journey.
4 3 He embarked/set off on a new career as a photographer.
1 Another car coming towards them too quickly on a narrow 4 I never quite mastered/grasped the art of walking in high heels.
road, and the soft ground at the edge of the road. 5 He went on a trip/an expedition to Borneo to film the wildlife
2 No, he hasn’t. Only minor incidents in twenty-six years. there.
3 He learnt that the journey wasn’t possible with his current wife 6 Exhibitions are regularly held in the immense/extensive
(they split up) and that he needed more storage space and a reception area.
comfortable bed.
4 His years working for an airline and looking down at the roads
below.  VOCABULARYBANK  p157 Synonyms
5 His positive attitude has helped him to overcome difficulties, A 1 impure  2 welcome  3 hypothetical  4 admit  5 run 
illnesses and obstacles he has encountered. 6 lightweight  7 minimal  8 dishonest
B 1 admit  2 stroll  3 cumbersome  4 straightforward 
GRAMMAR INVERSION 5 ignore  6 assume
6A
The car, Otto, has a world record for having been to more
countries than any other car. 

B
10.2 DREAMS COME TRUE?
The word order has been inverted, i.e. auxiliary + subject + verb GRAMMAR COMPARATIVE STRUCTURES
clause.
1 If the car had been a modern car, it would never have 2
completed the journey. Barely any different means a small difference.
2 If he hadn’t mastered the mechanics himself, they might have Significantly more and far more mean a big difference.
experienced more breakdowns.
3A
C 1 much, far, considerably, slightly, infinitely, a bit, a lot,
formal; And one that Holtorf says would have been impossible to marginally, miles, not, way, a good deal, decidedly, significantly,
achieve had he tried with a modern car. barely any, loads
2 just, nothing like, nowhere near, not, every bit
D
Never before has a car travelled so many miles.; B
Not once did the car break down so badly that he couldn’t fix it. 1 small difference: slightly, a bit, marginally, barely any;
big difference: much, far, nothing like, considerably, infinitely, a
lot, nowhere near, miles, way, a good deal, decidedly,
 LANGUAGEBANK 10.1  p146–147 significantly, loads;
no difference: just, every bit (Not can be a small or a big
A 1 c)  2 e)  3 a)  4 d)  5 f)  6 b)
difference.)
B 1 Seldom have I seen him looking so miserable.
2 formal: considerably, infinitely, marginally, every bit, a good
2 Correct
deal, decidedly, significantly;
3 Under no circumstances should you leave the office.
informal: much, just, far, nothing like, slightly, a bit, a lot,
4 Had we known there would be a water shortage, we
nowhere near, miles, way, barely any, loads (Way and loads are
would have been more prepared.
very informal and only used in spoken English; not is neutral.)
5 Only later did she realise her mistake.
6 Correct C
7 Correct a) 2 (progressive)
8 Were they to have apologised more quickly, I might have b) 1 (double)
forgiven them.

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 10

 LANGUAGEBANK 10.2  p146–147  VOCABULARYBANK  p157 Ambition

A 1 like  2 a  3 barely/hardly/not  4 deal  5 every  6 faster  A 1 desire  2 heart  3 hogging  4 big  5 stroke  6 off 
7 the  8 near 7 wonder  8 lifetime 
B 1 nothing like as famous as  2 every bit as interesting 
3 by far the most talented  4 got worse and worse 
5 nowhere near as talented as  6 in little more than two years  WRITING A ‘FOR AND AGAINST’ ESSAY; LEARN TO
7 a good deal closer  8 considerably more famous DESCRIBE PROS AND CONS
11B
5B arguments for: It gives us insights into the rich and famous. Following
Meanings: them is fun. Most of us enjoy gossip. It’s good to hear about some
1 The more, the merrier.: If more people are involved in something, superstar getting what he deserves. Fame has become democratised;
it will be more enjoyable. We often use this expression to say you don’t need talent to be famous.
everyone is welcome. arguments against: People now idolise mediocrity. Teenagers want to
2 The sooner, the better.: You should do something as soon as be famous for its own sake without making any effort to learn a skill.
possible. Fame can be confused with achievement.
3 The bigger they come, the harder they fall.: If people or things
are powerful and successful, they will suffer more when they are 12
defeated. This expression is often used to say you should not be The essay follows the same structure.
scared because your opponent is big or well-known.
13A
LISTENING While … is true, it is also true to say …; One of the benefits is …; One
of the drawbacks is …
6B
1 He was busy teaching full-time. B
2 He became a celebrity, appeared on lots of shows, met famous contrasting arguments: In contrast to this, …; We also need to take
people and was suddenly listened to. … into consideration
3 He met other famous people such as actors, politicians, the Pope
pros: On the positive side, …; The arguments for … include …;
and the Duchess of York. He also met lots of the general public
One advantage is …
when he toured.
cons: One disadvantage is …; The arguments against … include …;
7A On the negative side, …
1 the number of years he taught in New York high schools
2 the number of copies he expected to sell of Angela’s Ashes
3 the number of languages Angela’s Ashes was translated into
4 the year it was published 10.3 MAKING A PLAN
5 the number of classes he taught a day
6 how often his photo was taken VOCABULARY NEGOTIATION
7 He met President Clinton and Hillary Rodham Clinton. 2C
8 He met the Duchess of York and was interviewed by her. a) make concessions  b) tactful  c) bluff  d) defer 
9 He nearly met Elton John. e) make compromises  f) establish common goals  g) haggling
10 He was asked for his opinion on William Butler Yeats (an Irish
poet) as he was suddenly considered an expert on everything. 
FUNCTION NEGOTIATING
C 3B
a scrap (of attention) (n) = a very small amount  
dazzled (adj) = amazed  ascension (n) = rise 1 name your objectives  2 establish common goals 
clamour (n) = continuous loud noise  geriatric (adj) = old (person) 3 make an offer  4 refuse or accept the deal  5 follow up the deal
a beacon (of hope) (n) = a shining light 4B
8 1 asking questions to find out what the other person wants and then
Suggested answers:  really listening to what they say
2 if
1 It was a second phase in his life. His first act was as a teacher.
3 ask about it
2 Frank probably thinks the comment is stupid. His tone of voice is
4 refusing
ironic/sarcastic.
5 no
3 His tone of voice is ironic because previously nobody wanted his
6 consult a more senior colleague
opinions on anything.
7 to keep the conversation open
4 The book is about Ireland and the hardship of life there.
5A
VOCABULARY AMBITION naming your objectives
9A We want to sort this out as soon as possible.
1 crave and hanker(ed) after mean you have an extremely strong exploring positions
desire for something What do you have in mind?
2 be in the spotlight and be the centre of attention mean receive a lot making conditional offers
of attention, e.g. on TV If you do … for me, I’ll do … for you.
3 serve an apprenticeship and pay your dues mean you spend a lot What if we supported your idea?
of time learning how to do something well – observing others, refusing an offer
practising, etc. That would be difficult for me because of …
4 be held in high esteem and be renowned mean you are well-known I’m not sure I can do that because …
for being good at something accepting an offer
5 become an overnight success and shoot to fame mean you become Good. That sounds acceptable to me.
suddenly famous Great. We’ve got a deal.
6 be set on something and have aspirations mean you have an following up on the deal
ambition to do something Let me know if you have any queries.

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EDITION ADVANCED ANSWER KEY 10
B
 LANGUAGEBANK 10.3  p146–147 I guess my dream job would have to be a (film-maker).;
1 A: We want to sort this out as soon as possible. I’d relish having the opportunity to work in an environment like that.;
B: Can you go into more detail about your proposal? I’m fairly qualified in that I’m doing a degree in …;
2 A: By the end of the meeting, we want to have a concrete plan. I’d like to think that I’m a fairly creative individual.;
B: What do you have in mind? I’m not afraid to try out new ideas.;
3 A: If you do this for me, I’ll help you with the project. I’ve got quite a good eye for things that are going to work.;
B: I’m not sure we can do that because of our contract. I think it’s essential to be open-minded.;
4 A: Good, that sounds acceptable to me. I’m also doing some work experience … 
B: Let me know if you have any queries.
5 A: Great! We’ve got a deal. writeback  a job application
B: Get in touch if anything needs clarifying.
6 A: What if we supported your idea for the pension scheme? 7A
B: OK, but the rest of the proposal would be difficult for us as it ice cream taster
still means cutting jobs.

6
1 out  2 into  3 got  4 in  5 make  6 What  7 queries  8 in 10.5 LOOKBACK
LEARN TO STALL FOR TIME COLLOCATIONS
7A 1
1 Quitting
‘Stalling for time’ means delaying something because you are not
2 valuable
ready. 4 is not used to stall for time.
3 an epic
4 beaten
5 headed
10.4 WILDEST DREAMS 6 run

DVD PREVIEW INVERSION

1 2A
1 They travel to Botswana’s Okavango Delta to film wildlife for a BBC 1 No sooner had she sat down than there was a knock at the door.
TV competition. 2 Not only did you eat the last chocolate, but you also didn’t buy any
2 They can win a job at the BBC’s Natural History Unit. If they are not more.
good enough, they get sent home. 3 Had I realised what was going to happen, I would have called you
earlier.
DVD VIEW 4 Never again would they see anything like it.
5 Only now can I appreciate how difficult it must have been.
2 6 Had they gone to bed earlier, they might not have overslept.
1 c)  2 a)  3 e)  4 f)  5 d)  6 b)
AMBITION
3B
1 determination, dedication 4A
2 killer bees 1 shot  2 overnight  3 centre  4 held, high  5 serve 
3 pushed, predator 6 for  7 on  8 crave  9 aspiration  10 after
4 crash course
5 escape, ticket NEGOTIATING
6 life-changing
5A
speakout  a dream job a) into the more
b) in to touch
5A c) the time end
1 film-maker d) If that you
2 He’s doing a degree in time-based art and digital film, and he has e) acceptable for to
made a series of short films before. f) have taken in
3 It’s important to be open-minded/forward-thinking/have good g) not of sure
business sense/be organised/flexible. B
4 doing as much creative work as he can/getting work experience 1 c)  2 f)  3 a)  4 g)  5 d)  6 e)  7 b)
with an advertising company

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