John Rey S.

Padernal BSA-2 Module 1, Week 2

GE 17: Science, Technology and Society
Instructor: Mrs. Leovelyn C. Dumaog

EXERCISE:
A.

 Alarm Clock:
a. The first mechanical alarm clock was invented by Levi
Hutchins, of New Hampshire, in the United States, in
1787. This device he made only for himself however, and
it only rang at 4 AM, in order to wake him for his job. The
French inventor Antoine Redier was the first to patent an
adjustable mechanical alarm clock, in 1847.
b. Alarm clocks, like almost all other consumer goods in the
United States of America, ceased production in the spring
of 1942, as the factories which made them were converted
over to war work during World War II. But they were one of the first consumer
items to resume manufacture for civilian use, in November of 1944. By that time,
a critical shortage of alarm clocks had developed due to older clocks wearing out
or breaking down. Workers were late for, or missed completely, their scheduled
shifts in jobs critical to the war effort because "my alarm clock is broken". The
alarm clocks thus produced using new designs became the first "postwar"
consumer goods to be made, before the war had even ended. 
c. Modern digital alarm clocks typically feature a radio alarm function and/or
beeping or buzzing alarm, allowing a sleeper to awaken to music or news radio
rather than harsh noise. This is useful for people who like to fall asleep with the
radio on.
d. Among annoyances caused by alarm clocks is sleep inertia, a feeling of
grogginess that results from abrupt awakening.
e. Some scientists believe that the human mind may develop a tendency to adapt to
alarm sounds so that they no longer disturb sleep. This way, the alarm clock
loses effectiveness. The next generation progressive alarm clock also claims to
solve this issue.

 Paper
a. Paper was invented in ancient china some
2200 years ago, but was popularized by
one inventor – Cai Lun.
 b. Paper has been used in Ancient China since the 2nd century BC, but it had
little impact until inventor Cai Lin refined the production technique, allowing
the actual revolution of paper products to begin all throughout China
c. Only after the Fourdrinier paper machine became widely used in Europe and
North America in the nineteenth century was paper become widely available.
The ability to produce a continuous roll of paper using steam machinery
completely transformed the paper business, allowing it to become an
important element of modern history.Today, the United States and China
produce the vast majority of paper, and many governments are desperately
trying to regulate its production, recycling, and limit the pollution,
deforestation, and other environmental risks that come with industrial paper
manufacturing.
d. On the contrary, paper was still more expensive and less durable than
parchment, which is a paper-like structure made from animal skin. Even after
Gutenberg invented his moveable type machine for printing books, he and his
compatriots continued to use parchment because they thought that paper
would not be able to withstand the effects of long-term exposure to air and
moisture.
e. Increased demand stretched the supply of rags to the limit until the shortage
became so acute that there were actually "rag wars" during the mid-1700s.
Nations passed laws forbidding rags to be taken out of the country - so, of
course, rag smuggling became a lucrative profession. England even decreed
that the dead could be buried only in wool; this was probably a move on the
part of the wool manufacturers to protect their weakening industry, but it also
served to save cotton and linen rags for papermaking.
 Television:
a. A rotating disk with holes organized in a
spiral pattern was used in one of the first
mechanical televisions. Two innovators,
Scottish inventor John Logie Baird and
American inventor Charles Francis
Jenkins, worked independently on this
invention. Both inventions were created
in the early 20th century.
b. Over the years, television was invented
because they wanted to create a
technology that could capture moving images, convert them to code, and then
transmit them via radio waves to multiple devices.
c. In 1946,  Peter Goldmark, working for CBS, demonstrated his color television
system to the FCC. His system produced color pictures by having a red-blue-
green wheel spin in front of a cathode ray tube. 
d. Viewers sometimes imitate violent, criminal, sexual, or other risky behavior they
see on television and end up in trouble, in jail, or in hospital as a result.
e. During World War II, most research was directed toward the war effort, although
communications research (particularly radar) was immediately applied to
television and resulted in enhanced television design. For the duration of the war,
all television production is prohibited, and NBC cancels its commercial television
schedule and begins broadcasting on a limited basis.
  Telephone/mobile phones:
a. In the 1870s, Elisha Gray and Alexander
Graham Bell independently designed devices
that could transmit speech
electrically. Alexander Graham Bell's success
with the telephone came as a direct result of
his attempts to improve the telegraph. 
b. The telephone was created on the basis of
efforts to increase the telegraph's capabilities.
After the telephone was invented, it was
largely utilized by wealthy individuals and
huge organizations to communicate between
specific places.
c. The telephone has changed dramatically as a result of advancements in tone
dialing, call tracing, music on hold, and electronic ringers.
d. We cannot see each other's body language so a lot of the non verbal
communication is lost.
B.

1. What is your invention?

What does it do?
Answer: Solar Water Pump Dispenser, because of the expanding world of technology
and development, it is now possible to use this abundant kind of energy in a variety
of technological efficient ways. This kind of invention will be beneficial to the
community in the different ways, first,it will helps to reduce the expense of the energy
consumption in every household. Second, it is user-friendly, and laslty, it is unlimited
in terms of renewable energy as the sun is the source of energy.
2. How is invention similar to or different from existing tools or technologies in terms of
function?
Answer: This invention is different from other technologies in the reason that it can be
taken everywhere like outing, family reunion, and even parties. With the use of solar
panel, the energy source from the sunlight will automatically the energy source of the
water dispenser.

3. Why is there a need for this invention? How will this invention make the world a
better place to live in?
 Answer: There is a need of invention, in the reason that it enhance our lives in a
variety of ways, in every inventions, it expand our knowledge and make our life
easier, better and more interesting.

ASSESSMENT:
Make timeline showing the inventions, technologies and ideas from ancient to
modern times.
ANCIENT TIMES
1563    -  Rev. William Lee, born at Woodborough near Nottingham, invents the
Stocking Frame, a mechanical device for knitting stockings.
1765  -   James Hargreaves invents the spinning jenny, automating weaving
the warp (in the weaving of cloth).
1781    - William Herschel discovers the planet Uranus.
1796    - Edward Jenner develops smallpox vaccination process using
cowpox vaccine.
1799     Humphry Davy discovers nitrous oxide (laughing gas), first effective
anesthetic.

MIDDLE AGES:
1807   -  Robert Fulton's "Clermont" first successful steamboat.
1812  -   Friedrich Gottlob Koenig and Andreas Friedrich Bauer
invent high-speed printing press.
1831  -    Von Liebig discovers chloroform; Faraday discovers
electro-magnetic current, making possible generators and
electric engines.
1839     - Fox Talbot introduces photographic paper.
1843     Great Britain — first large, iron, screw-propelled
steamship.
1843   -  Typewriter invented.
1846  -   First telegraph cable laid under the Channel. 
1849     John Snow discovers transmission of cholera. Ignored by the medical community.
1877   -  Thomas Edison invents the phonograph.
1878 -   Microphone invented.
1879  -  Edison invents the incandescent lamp.
1895   -  Roentgen discovers X-rays.

1896  -   Becquerel discovers radioactivity in uranium.

1897  -  Joseph Thomson discovers particles smaller than atoms.

1898 -    Ramsay and Travers discover krypton, neon and xenon.

MODERN TIMES:

1900   - Planck develops quantum theory.

1900 -   First Zeppelin built. 

1900  -  Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams.

1901  -  1901 Marconi transmits first trans-Atlantic radio

message (from Cape Cod).

1903  -  Wright brothers make first powered flight.

1905  -    Einstein, Special Theory of Relativity.

1908    - Henry Ford mass-produces the Model T.

1910  -   Paul Ehrlich develops Salvarsan, the first drug devised to overwhelm a
micro-organism (syphilis) without offending the host.

1919  -   London to Paris air service begun.

1920  -   James Smathers develops the first electric typewriter.

1922   -  Radio broadcasting begins.

REFLECTION:
AGRICULTURE IN MODERN TECHNOLOGY
As we all know, all around us in our home, schools, workplace , and even in
everyday scenario, we use technology as our tool to make our life easier. As an agriculture
student , we all know that we have different emerging technologies that we use specifically in
agriculture industry, these will enable our local farmers to adopt the said technologies in
order for them to strenghtening their capacity in producing more agricultural crops that will
help them through their lives.
Also, I am the instrument to elaborate the ideas to our local farmers to introduce the
different positive impacts of the different technologies that will help them in their daily
farming. Furthermore, i am very thankful to those ancient people who have big contributions
to the exisiting technology that we still use today in our generation.