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CHM031L - Laboratory Experiment 5

This document describes an experiment on water purification and dissolved oxygen determination. It discusses different water purification techniques including aeration, coagulation, sedimentation, and filtration. It classifies the techniques as physical, chemical, or biological processes. The techniques remove various water pollutants such as dissolved gases, organic matter, pathogens, and suspended particles. It also examines factors that affect dissolved oxygen concentration in water such as temperature, water quality, and organic content. High organic levels increase oxygen as bacteria release more oxygen digesting organic matter.

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Kath Carmona
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
141 views

CHM031L - Laboratory Experiment 5

This document describes an experiment on water purification and dissolved oxygen determination. It discusses different water purification techniques including aeration, coagulation, sedimentation, and filtration. It classifies the techniques as physical, chemical, or biological processes. The techniques remove various water pollutants such as dissolved gases, organic matter, pathogens, and suspended particles. It also examines factors that affect dissolved oxygen concentration in water such as temperature, water quality, and organic content. High organic levels increase oxygen as bacteria release more oxygen digesting organic matter.

Uploaded by

Kath Carmona
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 5: Water Purification and Dissolved Oxygen Determination

REPORT SHEET

Experiment 5
Water Purification and Dissolved Oxygen Determination

RESULTS AND INTERPRETATIONS

A. Water Purification Techniques

Table 5.1. Observations of the dirty water at different water purification methods.

Water Purification Methods Observations

Aeration There is no change in color of the dirty water.

Coagulation The dirt in the water coagulated.

The coagulated dirt (flocs) settled at the bottom of the


Sedimentation
container.

Filtration The resulting water is clearer.

Classify the different water purification methods used in Table 5.1. under physical, chemical
or biological treatment.

Water Purification Methods Classification

Aeration biological treatment

Coagulation chemical treatment

Sedimentation physical treatment

Filtration physical treatment

Enumerate the different types of water pollutants that can be removed by the different water
purification methods.

Water Purification Methods Water Pollutants Eliminated


CHM031L. Chemistry for Engineers Laboratory Page 5-1
No part of this laboratory manual may be reproduced without the written permission of the College of Arts and
Science, Malayan Colleges Laguna.
Experiment 5: Water Purification and Dissolved Oxygen Determination

Dissolved gasses (e.g. carbon dioxide) and oxidized


Aeration
dissolved metals (e.g. iron and hydrogen sulfide)
Dirt, dissolved organic matter, pathogens, and other
Coagulation
suspended particles
Small particulate suspended matter (e.g. sand, silt, and
Sedimentation
clay) and some biological contaminants

Filtration Suspended solid particles

Disinfection Bacteria and other harmful microorganisms

B. Dissolved Oxygen Measurements

Explain the relationship between the amounts of organic pollutants and the concentration of
the dissolved oxygen in water.

Organic pollutants are pollutants that have toxic properties and tend to fight

degradation. When the amount of organic pollutants present in water is low, the

concentration of dissolved oxygen in water is also low due to the fact that the bacteria

present in the water only gets to digest a small amount of organic matter/pollutants thus

releasing only a minimal amount of dissolved oxygen into the water. However, when the

amount of organic pollutants are high, the amount of dissolved oxygen in water also

increases.

Give at least three factors that affect the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water? Briefly
explain each factor.

CHM031L. Chemistry for Engineers Laboratory Page 5-2


No part of this laboratory manual may be reproduced without the written permission of the College of Arts and
Science, Malayan Colleges Laguna.
Experiment 5: Water Purification and Dissolved Oxygen Determination

The first factor that affects the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water is water

temperature due to the fact that low water temperature tends to hold more dissolved

oxygen compared to high water temperature. Low water temperature means cold water,

and since the water is cold, the oxygen tends to remain in the water than when it is at a high

temperature. The second factor is the water quality. Water that is constantly moving, e.g.

streams and rivers, tends to contain more concentration of dissolved oxygen compared to

stagnant water. This is due to the fact that moving water makes it hard for the bacteria that

is in the water to consume the oxygen as the organic matter/s in the water decays due to its

continuous movement, while for stagnant water, the bacteria can easily consume oxygen

due to the less to no movement of the water thus resulting to oxygen deficiency of the

water. Lastly, the third factor is the organic contents of the water. When the amount of

organic contents of the water are high, the bacteria present in the water tends to digest

more organic content that results in the release of more dissolved oxygen in the water.

Dissolved oxygen and organic matter POLUTION sources: My Blog. (2013, April 14). Retrieved October 10, 2021,
from https://gtms1319.wordpress.com/2013/04/14/dissolved-oxygen-and-organic-matter-polution-sources/
Dissolved oxygen and water. (n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2021, from https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-
science-school/science/dissolved-oxygen-and-water?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-
science_center_objects.

Documentation of the Experiment

CHM031L. Chemistry for Engineers Laboratory Page 5-3


No part of this laboratory manual may be reproduced without the written permission of the College of Arts and
Science, Malayan Colleges Laguna.
Experiment 5: Water Purification and Dissolved Oxygen Determination

Dirty water before purification

After aeration After coagulation

CHM031L. Chemistry for Engineers Laboratory Page 5-4


No part of this laboratory manual may be reproduced without the written permission of the College of Arts and
Science, Malayan Colleges Laguna.
Experiment 5: Water Purification and Dissolved Oxygen Determination

After sedimentation After filtration

Original vs. Filtered

CHM031L. Chemistry for Engineers Laboratory Page 5-5


No part of this laboratory manual may be reproduced without the written permission of the College of Arts and
Science, Malayan Colleges Laguna.

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