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Pre Calculus Module 8 Sigma Notation

The document discusses sigma notation, which is a mathematical notation used to represent sums. It defines the components of sigma notation and provides examples of writing expressions using sigma notation. The document also outlines several properties of sigma notation, such as the constant rule and sum-difference rule, and provides examples of evaluating expressions using these properties.

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232 views

Pre Calculus Module 8 Sigma Notation

The document discusses sigma notation, which is a mathematical notation used to represent sums. It defines the components of sigma notation and provides examples of writing expressions using sigma notation. The document also outlines several properties of sigma notation, such as the constant rule and sum-difference rule, and provides examples of evaluating expressions using these properties.

Uploaded by

Joshua Sta Ana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SAN M I G UEL N AT I O N AL H I G H SC H O O L

P R E-C ALC ULUS

SIG M A NOT AT ION

Module 8
Sir Fernan A. Inoncillo
Teacher II
OBJE CT IV E S

1
Define Sigma Notation.
2 Represent series using sigma
notation.
3 Write series in sigma
notation.
Part 1. Review
Part 2. Discussion

CONTENTS Part 3.
Generalization
Part 4. Assessment
PART 1
Review
Identify if it is {4,8,12,16}
arithmetic,
geometric,
harmonic, or
Fibonacci Arithmetic
sequence.
Identify if it is {6, 18, 54}
arithmetic,
geometric,
harmonic, or
Fibonacci Geometric
sequence.
Identify if it is {1,1/3,1/5,1/7}

arithmetic,
geometric,
harmonic, or
Fibonacci Harmonic
sequence.
Identify if it is {1,1,2,3,5,8,13}
arithmetic,
geometric,
harmonic, or
Fibonacci Fibonacci
sequence.
Give the {1,1,2,3,5,8,13}
associated
series of the
following
sequence. 33
Give the {6,18,54}
associated
series of the
following
sequence. 78
Give the {4,8,12,16}
associated
series of the
following
sequence. 40
Give the {0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7}
associated
series of the
following
sequence. 1.6
PART 2
Discussion
Sigma Notation

Mathematics use the sigma


notation to denote a sum.
Sigma Notation

The uppercase Greek letter ∑


(called sigma) is used to indicate a
sum. The notation consists of
several components or parts.
Sigma Notation
Let f(i) be an expression
involving an integer i.

The expression f(m) + f(m+1)


+ f(m+2) + .... + f(n)
Sigma Notation
The expression can be
compactly written in sigma
notation, and we write it as
�
�=�
�(�)
Sigma Notation

The expression �
�=�
is
�(�)
read as “the summation of
f(i) from i=m to n”.
Sigma Notation
Here, m ≤ n (both integers)
where f(i) is a term (or summand);
i is the index; m is the lower bound;
and n is the upper bound.
Example #1:
Identify the term(or
summand), the index, the
lower bound, and the upper
bound of the given sigma
notation �=1 � .
5 2
Example #1: Answer
The term(or the summand) is
� ; the index is i; the lower
2

bound is 1; and the upper


bound is 5.
Example #2:
Expand each summation.

1. 4
�=1
�� = �1 +�2 +�3 +�4
� 1 2 3
2. 3
�=1 �+1
= + +
2 3 4
Example #2:
Expand each summation.

3. 2
�=0
2 �
= 2 +2 +2
0 1 2

4. �
�=1
3�� = 3�1 +3�2 + . . + 3��
Example #3:
Write each expression in
sigma notation.
1 1 1 24 1
1. 1 + + + .... + �=1 �
2 3 24
Example #3:
Write each expression in sigma
notation.

2. -1+2-3+...-9 9
�=1
�(−1)�
Example #3:
Write each expression in sigma
notation.

3. �2 +�4 +...+�12 6
�=1
�2�
Example #3:
Write each expression in sigma
notation.
1 1 1 1
4. 1+ + + ... + 7
�=0 2�
2 4 128
Remarks: Properties
of Sigma Notation
Property 1: Constant Rule
�
�=�
� = cn or c(n-m+1)
Examples:
Evaluate the following:

1. 35
�=1
8 = 8(35) = 280
Examples:
Evaluate the following:

2. 8
�=6
7 = 7(8 − 6 + 1) = 21
Remarks: Properties
of Sigma Notation
Property 2: Constant-Product Rule

�
�=�
��(�) = c �
�=�
�(�)
Examples:
Evaluate the following:

1. 4
�=1
11� = 11 4
�=1
�
= 11(10)
= 110
Examples:
Evaluate the following:

2. 6
�=1
0.5� = 0.5 6
�=1
�
= 0.5(21)
= 10.5
Remarks: Properties
of Sigma Notation
Property 3: Sum-Difference Rule

�
�=�
�(�) ± �(�) = �
�=�
�(�) ± �
�=�
�(�)
Examples:
Evaluate the following:

1. 5
�=1
� + 1 = 15 + 5
= 20
Examples:
Evaluate the following:

2. 4
�=1
2 − 6� = 8 − 6(10)
= 8 - 60
= -52
Remarks: Properties
of Sigma Notation
Property 4: Telescoping Sum

�
�=�
�(� + 1) − �(�) = f(n+1)- f(m)
Example:
Evaluate the following:
1 1 1 1
1. 99
(
�=1 �+1
− ) = −
� 100 1
99
= -
100
PART 3

Generalization
What is a Sigma Notation
and what are the
properties of sigma
notation?
PART 4
Assessment
Independent Activities

Pre-Calculus Reflection
Module 8
Assessment
Sigma Notation (Post Test)

Enrichment Activities

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