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Total Response of Continuous Time LTI Systems - Examples

This document discusses linear time-invariant (LTI) continuous-time systems. It provides examples of finding the total response and transfer function of LTI systems given inputs and outputs. The examples analyze different input-output relationships to determine the transfer functions.

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Adam Hazimeh
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

Total Response of Continuous Time LTI Systems - Examples

This document discusses linear time-invariant (LTI) continuous-time systems. It provides examples of finding the total response and transfer function of LTI systems given inputs and outputs. The examples analyze different input-output relationships to determine the transfer functions.

Uploaded by

Adam Hazimeh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Signals and Systems

EECE340

Total Response of Continuous Time LTI


Systems: Examples
Recall- CT LTI System response:

dny d n 1 y dy d mx d m 1 x dx
an n
 a n 1 n 1
   a1  a o y ( t )  bm m
 bm 1 m 1
  b1  bo x (t )
dt dt dt dt dt dt
m

N ( s)
 bk s k N ( s)
k 0 
H ( s)  
D( s) n ( s  p1 )..( s  pn )
 ak s k
k 0

x (t )  Ae pot u (t )

y (t )  H ( s  po ) Ae pot u(t )   1e p1t   2 e p2t     n e pn t

EECE340 Signals and Systems 2


Example 1  (t )
The transfer function between reference command
to the motor and the angular deviation of the robot
arm is given by r (t )
( s ) 8( s  4)
 H ( s)  2
s  10s  12 H (s ) (s )
R( s ) R(s )

Find the simplest command such that the angle at steady


state is incremented by 𝜃 = 𝜋/8 radians

EECE340 Signals and Systems 3


Example 1  (t )
The transfer function between reference command
to the motor and the angular deviation of the robot
arm is given by r (t )
( s ) 8( s  4)
 H ( s)  2
s  10s  12 H (s ) (s )
R( s ) R(s )

Find the simplest command such that the angle at steady


state is incremented by 𝜃 = 𝜋/8 radians

Simplest ? r (t )  constant
r (t )  K t0 or r (t )  Ku(t)
How to find K ?
EECE340 Signals and Systems 4

( s )
 H ( s)  2
8( s  4) r (t )  Ku(t) o 
R( s ) s  10s  12 8  (t )

lim t   (t )   ss (t )   o 
8
r (t )
Find K such that the steady state value of 𝜃 is 𝜃𝑜

r (t )  Ae pot u (t )
We know:
 (t )  H ( s  po ) Ae pot u(t )   1e p1t   2 e p2t     n e pnt

r (t )  Ku(t)  Ke 0t u(t )  po  0 (or DC )

lim t   (t )   ss (t )  H ( s  po ) Ke pot  H ( s  0) K
32 12 3
 0  H ( s  0) K  K K 0 
12 32 64
3
r (t )   o t0
8
EECE340 Signals and Systems 5
Example 2

A CT LTI system, when subjected to an input 𝑥 𝑡 = 𝑢 𝑡 + 3𝑒 −2𝑡 𝑢 𝑡 , is


known to produce an output 𝑦 𝑡 = 4 + 𝑎𝑒 −𝑡 + 𝑏𝑒 −3𝑡 , 𝑡 ≥ 0
Find the corresponding transfer function
x (t )  Ae pot u(t )
We know:
y (t )  H ( s  po ) Ae pot u(t )   1e p1t   2 e p2t     n e pnt t0

x (t )  u(t )  3e 2t u(t )  y (t )  4u(t )  ae  t  be 3t

i  e  t , e 3t ?  natural terms


ii  u (t )  ?  4u ( t )
iii  3e 2t u(t )  ?  0  3e 2t u(t )
EECE340 Signals and Systems 6
2 t 𝑖 𝑒 −𝑡 , 𝑒 −3𝑡 ? = natural terms
x (t )  u(t )  3e u (t )
𝑖𝑖 𝑢 𝑡 → ? = 4𝑢(𝑡)
t 3t
y (t )  4u(t )  ae  be t0
𝑖𝑖𝑖 3𝑒 −2𝑡 𝑢 𝑡 → ? = 0 × 3𝑒 −2𝑡 𝑢(𝑡)

𝑖 ⇒ 𝐻 𝑠 has 𝑠 + 1 𝑠 + 3 in denominator

𝑖𝑖 𝑢 𝑡 = 𝑒 𝑗0𝑡 𝑢 𝑡 ⇒𝐻 𝑠=0 =4

𝑖𝑖𝑖 ⇒ 𝐻 𝑠 = −2 = 0, that is, 𝐻(𝑠) has 𝑠 + 2 in numerator

K ( s  2)
H ( s) 
( s  1)( s  3)

EECE340 Signals and Systems 7


2 t 𝑖 𝑒 −𝑡 , 𝑒 −3𝑡 ? = natural terms
x (t )  u(t )  3e u (t )
𝑖𝑖 𝑢 𝑡 → ? = 4𝑢(𝑡)
t 3t
y (t )  4u(t )  ae  be t0
𝑖𝑖𝑖 3𝑒 −2𝑡 𝑢 𝑡 → ? = 0 × 3𝑒 −2𝑡 𝑢(𝑡)

𝑖 ⇒ 𝐻 𝑠 has 𝑠 + 1 𝑠 + 3 in denominator

𝑖𝑖 𝑢 𝑡 = 𝑒 𝑗0𝑡 𝑢 𝑡 ⇒𝐻 𝑠=0 =4

𝑖𝑖𝑖 ⇒ 𝐻 𝑠 = −2 = 0, that is, 𝐻(𝑠) has 𝑠 + 2 in numerator

K ( s  2) K ( 0  2)
H ( s)  H ( 0)  4K 6
( s  1)( s  3) (0  1)(0  3)

6( s  2)
 H ( s) 
( s  1)( s  3)

EECE340 Signals and Systems 8

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