SCAT Chart - Systematic Cause Analysis technique - SCAT Chart

DESCRIPTION OF ACCIDENT OR INCIDENT

EVALUATION OF LOSS POTENTIAL IF NOT CONTROLLED

O Rare ( C )
Loss Severity Potential Probability of Occurrence Frequency of Exposure
O Major ( a ) O Serious ( B ) O Minor ( C ) O High ( A ) O Moderate ( B ) O Rare ( C ) O Extensive ( A ) O Moderate ( B ) O Low ( C )

Type of Contact or Near Contact with Energy or Substance

1 Struck against (Running or Bumping into) (See I.C's: 3 Fall To Lower Level (See I.C's:3,5,6,7,11,12,13,14, 5 Caught In (Pinch and Nip Points) (see I.C's: 7 Caught Between Or Under (Crushed Or amputated)
1,2,4,5,12,14,16,17,18,19,26) 15,16,17,22) 5,6,11,13,14,15,16,18) (See I.C's: 1,2,5,6,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,22,28) 20,21,23,24,25,27,28)
2 Struck by (Hit by Moving Object) (See I.C's: 1,2,4,5, 4 Fall On Same Level (Slip and Fall, Trip Over) 6 Caught On (Snagged, Hung) (See I.C's: 8 Contact with (Electricity,Heat,Cold,Radiation,Caustics, 9 Overstress,Overexertion,Overhead
6,9,10,12,13,14,15,16,20,26) See I.C's: 4,9,13,14,15,16,19,22,26) 5,6,11,12,13,14,15,16,18) Toxics, Noise)(See I.C's:5,6,7,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18, (See I.C's:8,9,10,11,13,14,15)

(IC's) Immediate/Direct Causes (IC's)

SUBSTANDARD/UNSAFE ACTS 7 Failing to Use PPE Properly(See B.C's: 2,3,4,5,7,8 13 Horseplay (See B.C's:2,3,4,5,7,8,13,15) 20 Inadequate warning System (See B.C's:8,9,10,11,12,13) 26 Inadequate or Excess Illumination
1 Operating Equipment Without Authority (See B.C's 10,12,13,15) 14 Under Influence of Alcohol and/or Other 21 Fire & explosion Hazards (See B.C's:5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12, (See B.C's:8,9,10,11,12,13)
2,4,5,7,8,12,13,15) 8 Improper Loading (See B.C's:1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12 Drugs(See B.C's:2,3,4,5,7,8,13,15) 13,15) 27 Inadequate Ventilation (see B.C's:)
2 Failure to Warn (See B.C's: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12, 13,15) 15 Using Equipment Improperly (See B.C's: 22 Poor Housekeeping/Disorder (See B.C's: 5,6,7,8,9,10,11 8,9,10,11,12)
13,15) 9 Improper Placement (See B.C's: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,13,15) 12,13,15) 28 Hazardous Environmetal Conditions
3 Failure to Secure (See B.C's:2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12 12,13,15) 16 Inadequate Guards or Bariers(See B.C's 23 Noise Exposure (See B.C's: 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14) (See B.C's:8,9,10,11,12,13)
13,15) 10 Improper Lifting (See B.C's:1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,13 5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15) 24 Radiation Exposure (See B.C's: 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14)
4 Operating at Improper Speed (See B.C's:2,3,4 15) 17 Inadequate or Improper Protective Equipment
5,6,7,8,) 11 Improper Position for Task (See B.C's: 1,2,3,4,5,6 (See B.C's: 5,7,8,9,10,12,13) 25 Temperature Extremes (See B.C's: 1,2,3,8,9,11,12
5 Making Safety Devices Inoperative (See B.C's 7,8,9,12,13,15) 18 Defective Tools,Equipment or Materials(See
2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,13,15) 12 Servicing Equipment in Operation (See B.C's:2,3,4,5 B.C's: 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15)
6 Using Defective Equipment (See B'C's: 2,3,4,5,6 6,7,8,9,12,13,15) 19 Congestion or Restricted Action (See B.C's:
7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15) 8,9,13)

(BC's) Basic / Underlying Causes (BC's)

PERSONAL FACTORS
1 Inadequate Physical/Physiological Capability 4 Mental or Psychological Stress 7.11. Improper supervisory example 10 Inadequate Purchasing 13 Inadequate Work Standards
(See CAN: 6,9,12,15,18) (See CAN: 1,4,5,6,10,11,12,15,16,18,20) 7.12. Inadequate performance feedback (See CAN: 1,3,4,6,9,12,13,14,15,19) (See CAN: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,
1.1 Inappropriate height,weight,size,strength 4.1 Emotional overload 7.13. Inadequate reinforcement of proper behavior 10.1 Inadequate specifications on requisitions 12,13,14,15,16,19)
reach, etc. 4.2 Fatique due to mental task laod or speed 7.14. Improper production incentives 10.2 Inadequate research on materials/equipment 13.1 Inadequate development of standards for;
1.2 Restricted range of body movement 4.3 Extreme judgment/decision demands 10.3 Inadequate specifications to vendors 13.1.1. Inventory and evaluation of
1.3 Limited ability to sustain body positions 4.4 Routine, monotony, demand for uneventful JOB FACTORS 10.4 Inadequate mode or route of shipment exposures and needs
1.4 Substance sensitivities or allergies vigilance 8 Inadequate Leadership and/or Supervison 10.5 Inadequate receiving inspection and 13.1.2. Coordination pocess design
1.5 Sensitivities to sensory extremes 4.5 Extreme concentration/perception demands 8.1 Unclear or conflicting reporting relationships acceptance 13.1.3. Employee involment
(temperature, sound, etc) 4.6 Meaningless or degrading activities 8.2 Unclear or conflicting assigment of responsibility 10.6 Inadequate communication of safety 13.1.4. Procedures/practices/rules
1.6 Vision deficiency 4.7 Confusing directions/demands 8.3 Improper or insufficient delegation and health data 13.2 Inadequate communication of standards for:
1.7 Hearing deficiency 4.8 Conflicting demands/directions 8.4 Giving inadequate policy,procedure, practices 10.7 Improper handling of materials 13.2.1. Pubilcation
1.8 Other sensory deficiency (touch, 4.9 Preoccupation with problems or guidelines 10.8 Improper storage of materials 13.2.2. Distribution
taste, smell, balance) 4.10. Frustasion 8.5 Giving objectives, goals, or standard that conflict 10.9 Improper transporting of materials 13.2.3. Translation to appropriate
1.9 Respiratory incapability 4.11. mental illness 8.6 Inadequate work planning or programming 10.10. Inadequate identification of hazardous languages
1.10. Other permanent physical capabilities 8.7 Inadequate instructions, orientation and or train items 13.2.4. Training
1.11. Temporary disabilities 5 Lack of Knowledge 8.8 Providing inadequate reference documents 10.11 Improper salvage and/or waste disposal 13.2.5. Reinforcing with signs, color
(See CAN:2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,18,20) directives and guidance publications 10.12 Inadequate contractor selection codes and jobs aids
2 Inadequate mental/Psychological Capability 5.1 Lack of experience 8.9 Inadequate identification and evaluation of 13.3 Inadequate maintenance of standards for:
(See CAN: 6,9,10,15,18) 5.2 Inadequate orientation loss exposure 11 Inadequate Maintenance 13.3.1. Tracking of work flow
2.1 Fears and probias 5.3 Inadequate initial training 8.10. Lack of supervisory / management job ( See CAN: 1,3,4,5,9,10,13,15,19) 13.3.2. Updating
2.2 Emotional disturbance 5.4 Inadequate update training knowledge 11.1 Inadequate preventive 13.3.3. Monitoring use of procedure
2.3 Mental illness 5.5 Misunderstood directions 8.11 Inadequate matching of individual qualifications 11.1.1. Assessment of needs or practices/rules
2.4 Intelligence level and job / task requirement 11.1.2. Lubrication and servicing 13.4 Inadequate monitoring of compliance
2.5 Inability to comprehend 6 Lack of Skill 8.12 Inadequate performance measurement and 11.1.3. Adjustment/assembly
 2.6 Poor judgment (See CAN: 2,4,5,6,7,9,10,13,15,18) evaluation 11.1.4. Cleaning or resurfacing 14 Exercise Wear and Tear
2.7 Poor coordination 6.1 Inadequate initial instruction 8.13 Inadequate or incorrect performance feedback 11.2 Inadequate repairative (See CAN: 3,4,6,9,10,13,14,15)
2.8 Slow reaction time 6.2 Inadequate practice 11.2.1. Communication of needs 14.1 Inadequate planning of use
2.9 Low mwchanical aptitude 6.3 Infrequent performance 9 Inadequate Engineering 11.2.2. Scheduling of work 14.2 Improper extension of service life
2.10. Low learning aptitude 6.4 Lack of Coaching (See CAN: 1,2,3,4,9,12,13,14) 11.2.3. Examination of units 14.3 Inadequate inspection and/or monitor
2.11. Memory failure 6.5 Inadequate review instruction 9.1 Inadequate assessment of loss exposures 11.2.3. Part of substitution 14.4 Improper loading or rate of use
9.2 Inadequate considerationof human factors 14.5 Inadequate maintenance
3 Physical or Physiological Stress 7 Improper Motivation or ergonomic 12 Inadequate Tools and equipment 14.6 Use by unqualified or untrained people
(See CAN: 4,6,9,11,12,13,15,18,20) (See CAN: 1,2,4,5,6,8,10,11,13,15,17,18) 9.3 Inadequate standards, specifications and or (See CAN: 1,3,4,6,7,9,11,12,13,14,15,19) 14.7 Use for wrong purpose
3.1 Injury illness 7.1 Improper performance is rewarding design criteria 12.1 Inadequate assessment of needs and
3.2 Fatique due to task load or duration 7.2 Improper performance is punishing 9.4 Inadequate monitoring of construction risks 15 Abuse or Misuse
3.3 Fatique due to lack of rest 7.3 Lack of incentives 9.5 Inadequate assessment of operational 12.2 Inadequate human factors/ergonomics 15.1 Improper conduct that is condoned
3.4 Fatique due to sensory overload 7.4 excessive frustation readiness considerations 15.1.1. Intentional
3.5 Exposure to health hazards 7.5 Inappropriate agression 9.6 Inadequate or improper controls 12.3 Inadequate standards or specifications 15.1.2. Unintentional
3.6 Exposure to temperature extremes 7.6 Improper attempt to save time or effort 9.7 Inadequate monitoring of initial operation 12.4 Inadequate availability 15.2 Improper conduct that is not condoned
3.7 Oxygen deficiency 7.7 Improper attempt to avoid discomfort 9.8 Inadequate evaluation of changes 12.5 Inadequate adjustment/maintenance 15.2.1. Intentional
3.8 Atmospheric pressure variation 7.8 Improper attempt to gain attention 12.6 Inadequate salvage and reclamation 15.2.2. Unintentional
3.9 Blood sugar insufficiency 7.9 Inadequate dicipline 12.7 Inadequate removal and replacement
3.10. Drugs 7.10. Inappropriate peer pressure of suitable items

(CAN) Control Action Needs (CAN)

1 LEADERSHIP AND ADMINISTRATION 5 ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT INVESTIGATION 10 EMPLOYEE TRAINING 16 GROUP MEETING
Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C
P S C
1.1 General Policy 5.1 Accident/Incident Investigation Procedure 10.1 Training Needs Analysis 16.1 Group Meeting Held
1.2 Program Coordinator 5.2 Scope of Investigations Established 10.2 Employee Training Program 16.2 Record of Subject, Visual Aid, Attendance,
1.3 Senior and Middle Management Participation 5.3 Remedial Follow-up and Action 10.3 Training Program evaluation Problems Discussed
1.4 Management Performance Standards 5.4 Major Accident Announcement Used 16.3 Middle and Top Management Involvement
1.5 Management Participation 5.5 High Potential Incident Information Used 11 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 16.4 Regular Program Monitoring
1.6 Presentation at Management Meeting 5.6 Operating management Participation Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C
1.7 Management Reference Manual 5.7 Incident Reporting and Investigation 11.1 Personal Protective Equipment Standards 17. GENERAL PROMOTION
1.8 Management Audits Conducted 5.8 Accident/Incident Report Maintenance 11.2 Personal Protective Equipment Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C
1.9 Individual Responsibility for Safety and health 5.9 Regular Program Monitoring Recordkeeping 17.1 safety Bulletin Board Program
/Loss Control Objectives 11.3 Enforcement of Standards 17.2 Use of program statistics and facts
1.10. Establishment of Annual Safety and Health 6 TASK OBSERVATION 11.4 Regular Program Monitoring 17.3 Critical Topic Promotion
/Loss Control Objectives Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C 17.4 Use of Awards or Recognition
1.11 Joint safety & Health Committees and/or 6.1 Management Directive on Importance 12 HEALTH CONTROL 17.5 Program Information Publication
Safety and Health Representatives 6.2 Complete Task Observation Program Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C 17.6 Group Performance Promotion
1.12 Refusal to Work on Grounds of safety & 6.3 Level of Complete Task Observations 12.1 Health Hazard Identification 17.7 Housekeeping Promotion
Health Hazard (s) procedure 6.4 Partial Task Observation Program 12.2 Health hazard Control 17.8 Records of Program Promotion Activities
1.13 reference Library 6.5 Task Observation Report Analysis 12.3 Information/Training/education
6.6 Regular Program Monitoring 12.4 Industrial Hygiene Monitoring 18 HIRING AND PLACEMENT
2 MANAGEMENT TRAINING 12.5 Health Maintenance program Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C
Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C 7 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS 12.6 Professional Medical Assistance 18.1 Physical Capability Analyses
2.1 Management Orientation/Induction Program Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C 12.7 Health Communications to Worker 18.2 Pre-Employment Physical examination
2.2 Formal Initial Training of Senior Management 7.1 Coordinator Appointed 12.8 Record Maintenance 18.3 General Orientation/Induction Program
personnel 7.2 emergency Plan in Writing 18.4 Pre-Employment/Pre-Placement Qualifica-
2.3 Formal Review and update Training of senior 7.3 Supervisory Training in First Aid 13 PROGRAM EVALUATION SYSTEM tion Checks
P S C
Management Personnel 7.4 Employee Training in First Aid (10%) Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C )
2.4 Formal iInitial Training of Supervisory and 7.5 Emergency Lighting and Power 13.1 Comprehensive Audit of Compliance with 19 PURCHASING CONTROLS
P S C
Middle Management Personnel Adequate Program standards Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C )
2.5 Formal Review and Update Training of 7.6 Master Controls Color Coded and 13.2 Comprehensive Audit of Compliance with 19.1 Purchasing Includes safety and health in
Supervisory and Middle Management Labeled Physical Conditions standards Specifications and Procurement
personnel 7.7 Protective and Rescue Equipment 13.3 Comprehensive Audit of Compliance with 19.2 Selection and Control of Contractor
2.6 Formal Training of program coordinator 7.8 Emergency Team Training and Drills Fire Prevention and Control Standards
7.9 Qualified First Aid Attendants 13.4 Comprehensive Audit of Compliance with 20 OFF-THE-JOB SAFETY
3 PLANNED INSPECTIONS 7.10. Organized Outside Help and Mutual Occupational Health Standards Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C
Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C Aid 13.5 Program Evaluation Systems Record 20.1 Reporting System Established and statistics
3.1 Planned General Inspections 7.11 Protection of Vital Records Keeping Analyzed
3.2 Follow-up Procedures 7.12 Post Event Planning 20.2 Off-the-job safety Information Communi-
3.3 Inspection report Analysis 7.13 Emergency Communication Provided 14 ENGINEERING CONTROL cated
3.4 Critical Parts/Items Inspection Program 7.14 Public Safety Communications Planned Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C
3.5 Preventive Maintenance Program 14.1 Design Engineering Safety and Health Con-
3.6 Mobile and Material-Handling Pre-Use 8 ORGANIZATIONAL RULES siderations at conception and Design
P S C
 Equipment Inspections Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C 14.2 process Engineeing Safety and Health
3.7 Alternative Conditions Reporting System 8.1 General safety and Health Rules Consideration at Conception and Design LEGEND
3.8 Planned general Inspection Report 8.2 Specialized Work Rules 14.3 Regular Program Monitoring
Maintenance 8.3 Work Permit and specialized procedures P Do we have program standards for this activity?
3.9 regular Program Monitoring Systems 15 PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
P S C
8.4 Rule education and Review Program Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) S Are existing standards adequate?
4 TASK ANALYSIS AND PROCEDURES 8.5 Rule Compliance Effort 15.1 Training in Personal Communication
Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C 8.6 Use of Educational Signs and Color Technique C Is there full compliance with standards?
4.1 Management Directive on Importance Codes 15.2 Job Orientation/Induction New/Transferred
4.2 Critical Task Inventory 8.7 Regular program Monitoring People
4.3 Task Analysis and Task Procedure 15.3 Proper Task Instruction Traning and Use
Objectives 9 ACCIDENT/INCIDENT ANALYSIS 15.4 Planned Personal Contact Program
4.4 Task Analysis and Procedures for Program Present (P), Standards (S), Compliance ( C ) P S C 15.5 Regular Program Monitoring
Critical Task Completed and regularly 9.1 performance statistics Computed and used
Updated 9.2 Occupational Injury and Illness Analysis
4.5 Safety and Health Hazards in Critical 9.3 Property and Equipment Damage
task Analyses and procedures Identification and analysis
4.6 Regular program Monitoring 9.4 Problem Solving project Teams