Access Answers of Science NCERT class 9 Chapter 9: Force and Laws Of

Motion(All intext and exercise questions solved)

1. Stone
2. Train
3. Five-Rupee coin

2. In the following example, try to identify the number of times the velocity of the ball changes: “A
football player kicks a football to another player of his team who kicks the football towards the
goal. The goalkeeper of the opposite team collects the football and kicks it towards a player of his
own team”. Also identify the agent supplying the force in each case.
Solution
The velocity of football changes four times.
First, when a football player kicks a football to another player, second when that player kicks the football to
the goalkeeper. Third when the goalkeeper stops the football. Fourth, when the goalkeeper kicks the
football towards his team player.
Agent supplying the force:
a) The First case is the First player
b) The Second case is the Second player
c) The Third case is Goalkeeper
d) The Fourth case is Goalkeeper
3. Explain why some of the leaves may get detached from a tree if we vigorously shake its branch.
Solution
When the branch of the tree is shaken, the branch moves in a to-and-fro motion. However, the inertia of the
leaves in attached to the branch resists the motion of the branch. Therefore, the leaves that are weakly
attached to the branch fall off due to inertia whereas the leaves that are firmly attached to the branch
remain attached.
4. Why do you fall in the forward direction when a moving bus brakes to a stop and fall backwards
when it accelerates from rest?
Solution
Initially, when the bus accelerates in a forward direction from a state of rest, the passengers experience a
force exerted on them in the backward direction due to their inertia opposing the forward motion.
Once the bus starts moving, the passengers are in a state of motion in the forward direction. When the
brakes are applied, the bus moves towards a position of rest. Now, a force in the forward direction is
applied on the passengers because their inertia resists the change in the motion of the bus. This causes
the passengers to fall forwards when the brakes are applied.
Intext Questions – 2 Page: 126,127
1. If action is always equal to the reaction, explain how a horse can pull a cart.
Solution
When the horse walks forward (with the cart attached to it), it exerts a force in the backward direction on
the Earth. An equal force in the opposite direction (forward direction) is applied on the horse by the Earth.
This force moves the horse and the cart forward. As a result, the cart moves forward.
2. Explain, why is it difficult for a fireman to hold a hose, which ejects large amounts of water at a
high velocity.
Solution
When a fireman holds a hose, which is ejecting large amounts of water at a high velocity, then a reaction
force is exerted on him by the ejecting water in the backward direction. This is because of Newton’s third
law of motion. As a result of the backward force, the stability of the fireman decreases. Hence, it is difficult
for him to remain stable while holding the hose.
3. From a rifle of mass 4 kg, a bullet of mass 50 g is fired with an initial velocity of 35 m s –1.
Calculate the initial recoil velocity of the rifle.
Solution
Given, the Bullet’s mass (m1) = 50 g
The rifle’s mass (m2) = 4kg = 4000g
Initial velocity of the fired bullet (v1) = 35 m/s
Let the recoil velocity be v2.
Since the rifle was initially at rest, the initial momentum of the rifle = 0
The total momentum of the rifle and bullet after firing = m1v1 + m2v2
As per the law of conservation of momentum, the total momentum of the rifle and the bullet after firing = 0
(same as initial momentum)
Therefore, m1v1 + m2v2 = 0

The negative sign indicates that recoil velocity is opposite to the bullet’s motion.
4. Two objects of masses 100 g and 200 g are moving along the same line and direction with
velocities of 2 ms–1 and 1 ms–1, respectively. They collide and after the collision, the first object
moves at a velocity of 1.67 ms–1. Determine the velocity of the second object.
Solution
Assuming that the first object is object A and the second one is object B, it is given that:
Mass of A (m1) = 100g
Mass of B (m2) = 200g
Initial velocity of A (u1) = 2 m/s
Initial velocity of B (u2) = 1 m/s
Final velocity of A (v1) = 1.67 m/s
Final velocity of B (v2) =?
Total initial momentum = Initial momentum of A + initial momentum of B
= m1u1 + m2u2
= (100g) × (2m/s) + (200g) × (1m/s) = 400 g.m.sec -1
As per the law of conservation of momentum, the total momentum before collision must be equal to the
total momentum post collision.
v2 = 1.165 m/s
Therefore, the velocity of object B after the collision is 1.165 meters per second.
Exercises Page: 128,129
1. An object experiences a net zero external unbalanced force. Is it possible for the object to be
travelling with a non-zero velocity? If yes, state the conditions that must be placed on the
magnitude and direction of the velocity. If no, provide a reason.
Solution
Yes, it is possible. An object moving in some direction with constant velocity will continue in its state of
motion as long as there are no external unbalanced forces acting on it. In order to change the motion of the
object, some external unbalanced force must act upon it.

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2. When a carpet is beaten with a stick, dust comes out of it. Explain.
Solution
When the carpet is beaten with a stick, the stick exerts a force on the carpet which sets it in motion. The
inertia of the dust particles residing on the carpet resists the change in the motion of the carpet. Therefore,
the forward motion of the carpet exerts a backward force on the dust particles, setting them in motion in the
opposite direction. This is why the dust comes out of the carpet when beaten.
3. Why is it advised to tie any luggage kept on the roof of a bus with a rope?
Solution
When some luggage is placed on the roof of a bus which is initially at rest, the acceleration of the bus in the
forward direction will exert a force (in the backward direction) on the luggage. In a similar manner, when a
bus which is initially in a state of motion suddenly comes to rest due to the application of brakes, a force (in
the forward direction) is exerted on the luggage.
Depending on the mass of the luggage and the magnitude of the force, the luggage may fall off the bus due
to inertia. Tying up the luggage will secure its position and prevent it from falling off the bus.