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Metals and Non Metals Project

The document describes the physical and chemical properties of various metals including zinc, iron, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and copper. It provides data on their luster, hardness, density, conductivity, melting point and boiling point. It then discusses what happens when these metals react with oxygen, water, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. The reactions produce metal oxides, hydroxides, chlorides and sulfates. It also summarizes the reactions of metal oxides, hydroxides, nitrates and carbonates when heated.

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Ruchi Marajh
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173 views

Metals and Non Metals Project

The document describes the physical and chemical properties of various metals including zinc, iron, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and copper. It provides data on their luster, hardness, density, conductivity, melting point and boiling point. It then discusses what happens when these metals react with oxygen, water, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. The reactions produce metal oxides, hydroxides, chlorides and sulfates. It also summarizes the reactions of metal oxides, hydroxides, nitrates and carbonates when heated.

Uploaded by

Ruchi Marajh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Metals and Non metals

Physical properties

Metals Lustre Hardness Density Conductivit Melting Boiling


y point point

Zn Metallic 2.5 7.11 g.cm- 1.7*10^7 420 °C 907 °C


3
 at 20°C

Fe Metallic 4.0 7.8 g.cm- 1*10^7 1536 °C 2861 °C


3
 at 20°C

Na Metallic 2.5 0.97 g.cm - 2.1*10^7 97.5 °C 883 °C


3
 at 20 °C

Ca Metallic 1.75 1.6 g.cm- 2.9*10^7 850°C 1,440°C


3
 at 20°C

Mg Metallic 2.5 1.74 g.cm - 2.3*10^7 650 °C 1107 °C


3
 at 20 °C

Al Metallic 2.75 2.7 g.cm - 3.8*10^7 660.4 °C 2467 °C


3
 at 20 °C

Cu Metallic 3.0 8.9 g.cm- 5.9*10^7 1083 °C 2595 °C


3
 at 20°C

Chemical properties
What happens when zinc reacts with oxygen?
Answer: The zinc layer quickly reacts with oxygen to become zinc oxide. This layer protects the
zinc underneath it from being further oxidized. It also protects the iron underneath the zinc
from contact with oxygen.

What happens when zinc reacts with water?


Answer: The surface of the metallic zinc reacts with the oxygen of the air (O2) in presence
of water (H2O), to form zinc hydroxide (Zn (OH) 2).

What happens when zinc reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid?


Answer: The metal zinc readily reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas (H2)
and zinc chloride (ZnCl2). The zinc reaction produces the heat and hence has the negative
enthalpy.

What happens when zinc reacts with dilute sulphuric acid?


Answer: Zinc reacts with dilute sulphuric acid to form zinc sulphate and hydrogen gas is evolved.

What happens when (Fe)-Iron reacts with oxygen?


Answer: When a metal reacts with oxygen, a metal oxide forms. Rust is a form of iron oxide
and it forms slowly when iron is exposed to air.

What happens when (Fe)-Iron reacts with water?


Answer: The iron reacts with water and oxygen to form hydrated iron (III) oxide, which we see
as rust. Iron and steel rust when they come into contact with water and oxygen – both are
needed for rusting to occur.

What happens when (Fe)-Iron reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid?


Answer: Iron reacts with HCl to form ferrous chloride and to release Hydrogen gas .

What happens when (Fe)-Iron reacts with dilute sulphuric acid?


Answer: Iron metal dissolves readily in dilute sulphuric acid in the absence of oxygen to form
solutions containing the equated Fe (II) ion together with hydrogen gas, H2.

What happens when Na reacts with oxygen?


Answer: In ordinary air, sodium metal reacts to form a sodium hydroxide, which can rapidly
absorb carbon dioxide from the air, forming sodium bicarbonate.
What happens when Na reacts with water?
Answer: Sodium metal reacts rapidly with water to form a colorless solution
of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen gas (H2). The reaction is exothermic.

What happens when Na reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid?


Answer: Sodium metal reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce salt and hydrogen gas.

What happens when Na reacts with dilute sulphuric acid?


Answer: Sodium metal dissolves readily in dilute sulphuric acid to form solutions containing the
equated Na (I) ion together with hydrogen gas, H2.

What happens when Ca reacts with oxygen?


Answer: The metal reacts slowly with oxygen, water vapour, and nitrogen of the air to form a
yellow coating of the oxide, hydroxide, and nitride. It burns in air or pure oxygen to form the
oxide and reacts rapidly with warm water (and more slowly with cold water) to produce
hydrogen gas and calcium hydroxide.

What happens when Ca reacts with water?


Answer:  Calcium metal begins to bubble vigorously as it reacts with the water, producing
hydrogen gas, and a cloudy white precipitate of calcium hydroxide.

What happens when Ca reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid?


Answer:  Calcium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to give calcium chloride and hydrogen
gas. Calcium hydroxide.

What happens when Ca reacts with dilute sulphuric acid?


Answer: It reacts with dilute sulphuric acid to give calcium sulfate and hydrogen gas.

What happens when Mg reacts with oxygen?


Answer: Oxygen and magnesium come together in a chemical reaction to form this compound.
After it burns, it forms a white powder of the magnesium oxide. This is an exothermic reaction.
What happens when Mg reacts with water?
Answer: Magnesium has almost no reaction with cold water. It reacts slowly with hot water to
give the slightly soluble magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen.

What happens when Mg reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid?


Answer: The magnesium reacts with the acid, producing visible bubbles of hydrogen gas.

What happens when Mg reacts with dilute sulphuric acid?


Answer: Magnesium metal dissolves readily in dilute sulphuric acid to form solutions
containing the equated Mg (II) ion together with hydrogen gas, H2.

What happens when Al reacts with oxygen?


Answer: Aluminum will burn in oxygen with a brilliant white flame to form the trioxide
aluminum (III) oxide, Al2O3.

What happens when Al reacts with water?


Answer: Due to its highly negative redox potential, aluminum reacts with water to produce
hydrogen gas according to the equation: 2Al + 3H2O → 3H2 + Al2O3.

What happens when Al reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid?


Answer: Aluminum metal will react with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce
aqueous aluminum chloride, AlCl3, and hydrogen gas, H2.

What happens when Al reacts with dilute sulphuric acid?


Answer: Aluminum metal dissolves readily in dilute sulphuric acid to form solutions containing
the equated Al (III) ion together with hydrogen gas, H2.

What happens when Cu reacts with oxygen?


Answer: Heated copper metal reacts with oxygen to form the black copper oxide.
What happens when Cu reacts with water?
Answer: Copper does not react with water because the oxygen in water is locked into a
compound with one part oxygen and two parts hydrogen.

What happens when Cu reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid?


Answer: Copper will not replace hydrogen in a compound. That means no reaction will occur
between copper and dilute hydrochloric acid.

What happens when Cu reacts with dilute sulphuric acid?


Answer: When dilute sulphuric acid is poured on a copper plate, no reaction takes place due to
less reactivity of copper.

Reactions of metal oxides and hydroxides with acids

What happens when metal oxide reacts with sulphuric acid?


Answer: A salt and water are produced when acids react with metal oxides. Metal oxides are
bases, because they neutralize acids.

What happens when metal hydroxide reacts with sulphuric acid?


Answer: When an acid reacts with a metal carbonate a salt, carbon dioxide and water are
formed.

What happens when metal oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid?


Answer: Carbon dioxide is given off during the reaction between copper (II) carbonate
and hydrochloric acid. ... Metal oxides and metal hydroxides both react with acids to produce
salts and water.

What happens when metal hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid?


Answer: When we dissolve them in water, they form solutions with pH values above 7. Non-
metal oxides are formed from the reaction between a non-metal and oxygen.

What happens when heat is acted on metal nitrates oxides carbonates and
hydroxides?
What happens when heat is acted on metal nitrates?
Answer: Most nitrates tend to decompose on heating to give the metal oxide, brown fumes of
nitrogen dioxide, and oxygen.

What happens when heat is acted on metal carbonates?


Answer: One common reaction of any metal carbonates is known as thermal decomposition.
When metal carbonates are heated, they break down to form the metal oxide and carbon
dioxide gas. The difficulty of this decomposition reaction depends on the reactivity of
the metal in the metal carbonate.

What happens when heat is acted on metal oxides?


Answer: Metal oxides can be decomposed by heat to give the metal and oxygen. This is true of
every metal oxide. The more reactive the metal is, the higher the temperature required to
do this.

What happens when heat is acted on metal oxides?


Answer: Metal hydroxides decompose on heating to give the metal oxide and water, and
oxyacid decompose on heating to give water and the nonmetal oxide in the appropriate
oxidation state.

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