1.

ETHICS

 Ethics help us recognizing right and wrong that applies to human

behavior or deciding what is good and valuable for individuals or
groups. This refers to acceptable standards of right and wrong that
advise what we ought to do, usually in terms of duty and obligation,
principles and values, and moral character. It deals with the question,
“What should I do and act in a particular situation?” Ethics uses
specific rules, standards, and perspectives in looking into the
justification of our actions in a given situation.

2. MORALITY
 Morality has to do with beliefs regarding morally right and wrong
actions and good and bad character. It deals with our principles, a code
of conduct raised by our society, concerning the difference between
right and wrong or good and bad behavior or attitude. One example of
morality, you believe that it is wrong to take what is not yours, even if
no one would know. It serves as a guide in our conduct by reason for us
to do something that has the best reasons because every single thing
we act affects other people.

3. AESTHETICS
 Aesthetics is a particular idea of the nature of beauty or art. It deals
with one’s taste or approach to what is pleasing to the senses and
especially sight. An example of this was the fashion of humans,
specifically the clothing and adornment - it may be the preference of
an individual because it makes them feel good. But to other’s
judgment, they disapprove of a kind of fashion like that. This is
concerned with the questions “what is beauty?” or “what is ugliness?”
that offers perception about the individual’s actions or taste.

4. ETIQUETTE
 Etiquette is a synonym for manners that refer to how an individual
behaves - the proper way of behaving. It is the set of practices
established for behavior in polite society or professional life. Etiquette
also includes the proper conduct established by society for various
occasions, and even in our everyday life, there is still etiquette.
Because manifesting some etiquette is a way of showing respect and
deference to others. For instance, when someone offers something, we
tend to say “thank you” or “no thank you,” and when we do make a
mistake, we are apologizing - we say “I’m sorry.”

5. TECHNIQUE

This study source was downloaded by 100000840979603 from CourseHero.com on 02-09-2022 01:33:41 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/112810547/ETHICSdocx/
  The technique is a procedure or standards that aim to achieve a
specific and effective result. It means the right way of doing things
revolves around seeking the most efficient way of doing what can be
done. Usually, it is the method that involves your practical skills; you
have your preferred method of doing things where you know it will be
easy and have better results that way. Let’s give an example - in
cooking - you do not always refer to a cookbook, right? Not that you
already know how to cook but, you have your procedure on cooking
and preference of the number of ingredients you will add or put.

Part II: These are an essay type questions. Kindly answer them with
discussion clearly, reasonably and skillfully.

1. Identify a list of: (a) obligations we are expected to fulfill, (b)

prohibitions we are required to respect, and (c) ideals we are
encouraged to meet. Discuss whether these are ethical in nature or
not.

a.) obligations we are expected to fulfill,

 The obligations we have, as a person, are the duties that we need to
fulfill regardless of our age and gender and depend on what role we
were anticipated to part in. Let me give some, as a student, it is our
responsibility to work hard, to do our best, to complete assignments
and to respect others' opinions, feelings, and ideas, conduct ourselves
ethically, responsibly, and compassionately, and to obey school rules.
As Filipino citizens, we must follow the Constitution of the Republic of
the Philippines, such as Article V. Bill of Duties, Section 1, Article V. Bill
of Duties, Section 3, and Article V. Bill of Duties, Section 4. These are
ethical because it follows standards that we ought to do and
acceptable to many.

b.) prohibitions we are required to respect, and

 As a citizen, we have to understand that the things we do were still has
boundaries. We should observe and practice what the law requires of
us and respect other’s values, feelings, and possessions to maintain
healthy relationships with everyone. The prohibitions that were
implemented that we need to obey are, we must wear facemasks and
face shields at all times in public places to help in subsiding the spread
of COVID-19. Also, we ought to observe social distancing to slow down
the outbreak and as much as possible, avoid social gatherings with a
lot of guests as like classes and all school activities at all levels remain
suspended. These prohibitions were ethical because it obeys what is
right to do in a given situation that was also good for others.

This study source was downloaded by 100000840979603 from CourseHero.com on 02-09-2022 01:33:41 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/112810547/ETHICSdocx/
 c.) ideals we are encouraged to meet.
 As a human being, we have our ideals that we follow and serves as our
guide in our life in making good decisions. Personally, the common
ideals that I want to meet are to display at all times good manners,
values, and respect because it is the “treat others the way how you
want to be treated” for me. Also, one of my ideals is to live my life
without any regrets, as much as possible I am making sure that I don't
let any opportunity pass through and I am starting to live the most of
my time as memorable and meaningful as it is. These ideals appear in
a context that is not considered to be part of ethics because ideals
could fall under aesthetics, where humans have their preference in
things that may be acceptable or unacceptable to others.

2. Are clothes a matter of pure aesthetic taste, or does it make sense for
clothes to become a subject in a discussion of ethics? Why? How about other
forms of adornment, such as tattoos or piercing?

 Clothes and other forms of adornment were only a matter of pure

aesthetic taste. It is - not at all - a part of the discussion in ethics; it is
only a form of personal art or self-expression. Because as we defined
aesthetic, it refers to the judgments of personal approval and
disapproval that a person makes about its perspective. Expressing
yourself through clothes, tattoos, or piercings means you only want to
flaunt your art and not withstand ethics.

3. Look for a newspaper article that tackles on ethical issue. Consider the
following questions:
3.1. What makes this a matter of ethics?
 I found the article, “Philippines: Curfew Violators Abused,” a matter of
ethics. It is because ethics is a system of moral principles but as I read
the article, there is unacceptable behavior the Philippines’ authorities
have done. It is indeed an ethical issue as they decided to detain the
violators in the dog’s cage and forced them to sit in the midday sun as
punishment - they did not respect the human rights. They act in the
wrong behavior in a given situation – this time of pandemic – which
they could face a punishment also.

3.2. What is your ethical judgment on this case?

 If you ask me, my ethical judgment about this case is they should, first,
respect the basic rights of people. They should recognize what is right
and wrong in their decisions and considered what is good for the
violators and society. If they have rules about the violators - they

This study source was downloaded by 100000840979603 from CourseHero.com on 02-09-2022 01:33:41 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/112810547/ETHICSdocx/
 should have to stick to it and think if it is acceptable – or if none, they
still made a decision that is ethical for them and even for the violators.

3.3. What are your reasons for this judgment?

 For me to come up with that ethical judgment, I considered what is fair
to both parties; I considered what is right and wrong in the eyes of
society. They could give punishment without making someone’s
abused or tortured. If the authorities act in an ethical manner, things
could have been acceptable for all – the rights of the people were not
been disrespected and the authorities have not been investigated or
be accountable for the damage.

4. Brainstorm and come up with a list of common Filipino values. Consider

the strength and weaknesses of these.
 I have come up with two commons and most significant values that
Filipinos have: being family-oriented and hospitable. Filipinos are
known for having close and strong ties with their family; they always
put the family as their top priority in life. Possessing this value makes
someone have motivation in everything he/she do in her life and push
to pursue greater heights, however, pushing yourself too much for you
to provide and have a stable financial status could drive you to do
wrong things due to your desperation. The other one is hospitability - it
is the trademark of Filipinos; it is making their guests - specifically,
foreigners/ tourists - in their houses feel welcomed, at home, and build
a friendship. Showing hospitability is an act of generosity aligned with
manners and respect that makes someone comfortable but being
hospitable all the time sometimes felt tiring as you always need to get
along and act accordingly with everyone.

5. Imagine that you are a legislator. What rules or laws that currently prohibit
certain acts or practices would you want to change? Also, are there certain
acts or practices currently permitted by the law that you would want to
prohibit. Think of this on the level of your school, your city, and the nation.

 In our school, Wesleyan University-Philippines, I cannot think of any

rules or practices that I want to change or prohibit. Because honestly, I
still do not know all the policies in our university because I am just a
freshman, and unfortunately, I still did not experience staying at the
school for so long for me to notice all the rules they have
implementing. As for our city, Palayan City, I also do not have anything
I want to change and prohibit because our current Mayor is a great and
effective leader which is why I found the rules in our city acceptable.
However, on the level of our nation, we cannot deny that there are so
many rules, laws, or even practices that have been implemented but

This study source was downloaded by 100000840979603 from CourseHero.com on 02-09-2022 01:33:41 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/112810547/ETHICSdocx/
 not good for all its citizens. One of what I opposed is the campaign War
on Drugs, I want to change how this campaign works because it is only
giving freedom for the other law enforcement officers to brutally and
helplessly kill a person.

6. Comment of this statement: “What I believe must be true if I feel very

strongly about it.”
 This statement somehow made me agree and not. I agree because it is
all matter of instinct; most of the time, instinct was not disappointing
us. We may not guarantee that this is true but as you strongly trust
what you believe, there are more chances that it may happen or true.
However, depends on the situation, if the situation were really serious
matter, we cannot just depend to what we believe and feel, most of the
time, we need proofs; we need evidence that testifying how credible
and true that certain thing that you believe.

7. Is looking after the benefit of your own family over all other aspects
considered as another form of egoism? Discuss
 No, because it is natural to us, specifically Filipinos, to be family-
oriented. Looking after the benefit of our own family was already a self-
interest and self-serving desire to us like ethical egoism. There are
many times in our life that we are always considering our family in
every behavior and action we make alike to psychological egoism -
those were commonly directed towards them, and they are serving as
our motivations in every life-changing thing we do.

This study source was downloaded by 100000840979603 from CourseHero.com on 02-09-2022 01:33:41 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/112810547/ETHICSdocx/
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)