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Equity Planning Model

The document discusses the concept of equity planning. Equity planning aims to redistribute resources to disadvantaged groups through the work of urban planners. It originated in the 1960s and was pioneered by Norman Krumholz in Cleveland. Equity planning integrates concerns for social justice outcomes with community organizing skills. It focuses on developing policies, plans and programs to reduce disparities and create healthy, vibrant places for underserved communities through data analysis and resource allocation.

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Deepshikha Mahapatra
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1K views

Equity Planning Model

The document discusses the concept of equity planning. Equity planning aims to redistribute resources to disadvantaged groups through the work of urban planners. It originated in the 1960s and was pioneered by Norman Krumholz in Cleveland. Equity planning integrates concerns for social justice outcomes with community organizing skills. It focuses on developing policies, plans and programs to reduce disparities and create healthy, vibrant places for underserved communities through data analysis and resource allocation.

Uploaded by

Deepshikha Mahapatra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EQUITY PLANNING MODEL

• Equity planning is a framework in which urban planners working within government


use their research, analytical, and organizing skills to influence opinion, mobilize
underrepresented constituencies, and perhaps implement policies and programs that
redistribute public and private resources to the poor and working class.
• Working in cities characterized by inequalities and power differences along lines of
class, race, gender, and more, equity planners have struggled for decades to translate
lessons about political structure and organization into specific, useful practices serving
ends of social justice.
• In so doing, equity planners have integrated concerns with the “ends” or “outcomes” of
social justice with the “process” skills and interactive techniques of organizing and
coalition building.
• While Davidoff’s (1965) advocacy planning model promoted planning from outside the
public sector, Krumholz was primarily concerned with how planners for cities should
operate with respect to growing urban inequality. The equity planning model describes
both a policy goal and a role for planners to be advocates for equity.
• Equity planning is about the technical work of developing and implementing policies,
plans, and programs—including data analysis of costs and benefits and evaluating and
proposing new resource allocations.

The Origins and Precedents of Equity Planning

• Deeply influenced by the civil rights movement and his Cornell planning education,
Norm Krumholz assumed his position as Cleveland’s Director of Planning in 1969 with
a strong commitment to redistributive policies aimed at improving living conditions for
the city’s long-suffering African American population.
• In 1974, Krumholz and his colleagues produced the landmark Cleveland Policy Plan.
Krumholz and his planners then set about the task of analysing the issues facing
Cleveland and crafting recommendations and plans to address those issues.
• Their approach to this task differed from the textbook approach taken by most
planners.
• The work of Cleveland’s planners was strongly based in particular ideologies- the
ideologies of “equity planning” and “advocacy planning.”
• Equity Planning can also be defined as an approach to meet the needs of
underserved communities and individuals through projects, programmes, and policies
that reduce disparities while fostering places that are healthy, vibrant and diverse.
• Equity comes from the idea of moral equality, that people should be treated a equals.
• This helps to decide how to decide how to distribute goods and services in a society,
using this influence to ensure fair treatment for all citizens.

The areas which are considered are:


1. Equal Life Chances: There should be no difference in outcomes based on factor for
which people cannot be held responsible.
2. Equal Concern for people’s need: Some goods and services are necessities &
should be distributed accordingly to the level of need.
3. Meritocracy: It should be based on fair competition and should reflect in the work.

EQUITY= PROCESS+ OUTCOMES

By ‘Equity’ we mean: a situation where all the user group have access to the services,
resources & opportunities (Process Part) & difference in life outcomes cannot be predicted on
basis of race, class or other dimensions of inequality. (Outcome Part).

During this period, a range of innovative and “best practices” in equity planning
education have emerged from the most successful of these fieldwork efforts, some of
which are included below:
• A focus on the organizing, research, planning, design, and development needs of the poorest
neighbourhoods within metropolitan regions.
• The commitment to actively engage university students and local stakeholders in the
cooperative collection and analysis of the primary data needed to prepare high-quality and
impactful plans.
• An emphasis on exposing the extraordinary work carried out by long-time community activists
who have successfully designed and implemented innovative revitalization projects—projects
that respond to critical community needs in the context of serious resource limitations.
• A discipline of ongoing critical reflection on these cooperative community-building, problem-
solving, and neighbourhood revitalization planning efforts by participating community
residents, students, and faculty, with the goal of improving the theory and practice of
community-based planning.
• A commitment to shared risk and mutual benefit among community and community partners.

What Is Equitable Development?


• According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, equitable development is an
approach for meeting the needs of underserved communities through policies and
programs that reduce disparities while fostering places that are healthy and vibrant.
• Equitable development expands choice opportunity, encourages sustainable
outcomes, and improves quality of life while mitigating impacts from activities that
society considers beneficial.

Principles of Equitable Development:

When it comes to how the built environment is planned and developed, principles have been
an important cornerstone for the New Urbanism, Smart Growth, and varying livable community
discussions. Principles translate definitions into tangible and easy to grasp concepts. Also,
principles serve as benchmarks that help citizens, practitioners, and public officials understand
whether they are moving in the right direction. In other words, principles point to
actions/activities that support reaching a desired end state.

1. Housing Choice acknowledges that the provision of decent housing at varying price points
is important and housing is just one of many factors that must be addressed for improving
quality of life in underserved communities.
2. Transportation Choice emphasizes the importance of providing citizens with viable
transportation alternatives, including pedestrian-oriented modes that meet their daily needs
and lifestyles.
3. Capacity Building considers the importance of effective outreach, education, and technical
assistance for fostering inclusive communities and wise consumers by identifying untapped
audiences, reaching out to them, and building new partnerships.
4. Healthy Communities considers health in the broadest sense: wellness, safety, support of
physical activity, access to nutritious food, and environmental justice.
5. Heritage Preservation considers the value of historic buildings, landmarks, and monuments
while honouring the narratives, the institutions, and cultural presence that contribute to a sense
of place.
6. Sustainable Wealth Creation (refers to financial intelligence).
Sustainable wealth creation can counter generations of persistent poverty by providing
individuals, families, and communities with the tools for managing money, making sound
financial decisions, and building wealth.

Equity is measured by comparing the ratio of Contribution (investing same amount of effort,
time & financial resources) and Benefits (receiving same amount of attention,
acknowledgement, and financial security) of each person.

The five Core priorities for addressing Equity at National Level are:
1. Providing universal public service for fair treatment.
2. Targeted action for disadvantaged groups
3. Social Protection
4. Re- distribution
5. Challenging embedded power imbalances.

ADVANTAGE
• It helps in giving equal resources to all the user groups.
• It relieves the pressure from the planners and includes all groups of people to prepare
alternatives.

DISADVANTAGE
• Biasness: The user group can get biased in wish of bribe from higher authority.
• Legitimate: Different people have different experiences and understanding in the same
context.

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