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4b - Design of Steel Baseplates - Introduction, Examples, Solution & Formulae Sheet - OK

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Hazza Jumaa
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62 views

4b - Design of Steel Baseplates - Introduction, Examples, Solution & Formulae Sheet - OK

Uploaded by

Hazza Jumaa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design of Steel Elements Design of Steel Baseplates

Design of Steel Column Baseplates – Eurocode 3

Page 1 of 7
Design of Steel Elements Design of Steel Baseplates

Design of Steel Column Baseplates – Introduction

Column Baseplates:

Steel columns are normally connected to their concretes foundations by a steel


baseplates, and Figure 5.30 shows a typical arrangement. The sleeves around the
holding-down bolts and the grout beneath the baseplate give a usual degree of
adjustment so that the column can be placed precisely even if the concrete
foundation is 10 or 20mm out of level and the holding down bolts are similarly
out of position. Normal UK practice is to provide at least four holding –down
bolts to provide stability during erection, even where it can be shown that two
bolts are sufficient when the column is part of a completed frame.

The purpose of the baseplate is to spread to the force from the column onto a
sufficient area of concrete. The ultimate bearing strength of the concrete 𝑓𝑗𝑑 can
be taken as 0.67 𝑓𝑐𝑘 where 𝑓𝑐𝑘 is the cylinder strength of the concrete as
explained in the previous section. Thus, for grade C30/37 concrete the bearing
strength𝑓𝑗𝑑 = 0.67 × 30 = 20𝑁/𝑚𝑚2.

Figure 5.31 shows the way in which load from the column flanges is spread out
onto the concrete beneath. The figure illustrates the ‘large projection’ base in
which the spread can take place in all directions as contrasted with the ‘short
projection’ base in which the spread is limited by the edge of the baseplate. The
dimension c is determined by the requirement that the stress in the concrete
should not exceed 𝑓𝑗𝑑 . The thickness of the plate is then determined by the
required that the elastic bending stress in the baseplate should not exceed 𝑓𝑦 for
the steel.

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Design of Steel Elements Design of Steel Baseplates

A full design method for large and short projection baseplates is given in EC3,
and is further explained in document SN037a. the following simplified approach,
which always gives a ‘large projection’ baseplate, makes some conservative
assumptions. In many cases it will be possible to use the more detailed method
of EC3 to show that smaller baseplate is adequate to carry the axial force, but
detailed consideration of the edge spacing and the clearance required for the
holding-down bolts may mean that the smaller baseplate cannot be used.
First make the conservative assumption that two of the flanges of the column
section carry the entire exile load. Considering figure 5.31 (a) and (c), the
downward force per millimeter of flange is 𝑁𝑒𝑑 /2𝑏 , and this is balanced by an
upward force 𝑓𝑗𝑑 (2𝑐 + 𝑡𝑓 ). Thus, 𝑓𝑗𝑑 (2𝑐 + 𝑡𝑓 ) = 𝑁𝑒𝑑 /2𝑏, which can be written as:

𝑁
C=0.5[2𝑏𝑓𝐸𝑑 − 𝑡𝑓 ]
𝑗𝑑

Section X-X in Figure 5.31 shows that the baseplate carries the pressure 𝑓𝑗𝑑 as a
cantilever of length c. the moment in the baseplate will therefore be 𝑀𝑒𝑑 =
𝑓𝑗𝑑𝑐 2 /2Nmm per millimeter width. The elastic section modules of the baseplate
𝑊𝑒𝑙 = 𝑡𝑏2 /6𝑚𝑚3 per millimeter width, so the elastic bending stress=
𝑀𝐸𝑑 /𝑊𝑒𝑙 =𝑓𝑗𝑑𝑐 2 /2× 6/𝑡𝑏2 = 3𝑓𝑗𝑑(𝑐/𝑡𝑏 ) 2. Now the elastic bending stress should not
exceed the strength of the steel 𝑓𝑦 , so 3𝑓𝑗𝑑(𝑐/𝑡𝑏) 2 ≥ 𝑓𝑦 . Nothing UK practice that
the baseplate thickness should not be less than column flange thickness, we can
write:

3𝑓𝑗𝑑
𝑡𝑏 =c√ but not less than 𝑡𝑓
𝑓𝑦

The use of these two relationships to find the size and thickness of a steel
baseplate is shown in example 5.14.

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Design of Steel Elements Design of Steel Baseplates

Design of Steel Baseplates – Examples Solution

Page 4 of 7
Design of Steel Elements Design of Steel Baseplates

Example 1;
A 203x203x71kg/m UC stanchion carries a ULS, Ultimate Limit State,
axial load NEd of 1250kN. It is to bear on a concrete base with
fck = 30N/mm2 through a steel baseplate.

a) Determine a suitable size and thickness for a baseplate in S275


steel.

Page 5 of 7
Design of Steel Elements Design of Steel Baseplates

Solution1;
Using grade S275 steel with baseplate thickness assumed between 16mm
and 40mm from table 5.3, 5.8. (h = 215.8mm, b = 206.4mm, tf = 17.3)

y = 265N/mm2

Bearing strength of the concrete, jd = 0.67cu


= 0.67 x 30 = 20N/mm2

Minimum outstand, C = 0.5 [(NEd/2bjd) – t]

= 0.5 [((1250 x 103) / (2 x 206.4 x 20)) – 17.3]

= 67mm


Minimum baseplate thickness, tb = c [(3jd)/(y)]


= 67 [(3x20) / (265)]

= 32mm > t = 17.3mm OK

Note; Design rule in EC3 may show that a smaller baseplate is adequate.
However, detailed consideration of the edge spacing and clearance
required for the holding down bolts may show that a smaller baseplate is
not practical. From a fabrication point of view it may be more practical to
use a 350-mm-square baseplate.

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Design of Steel Elements Design of Steel Baseplates

Design of Steel Baseplates – Formula Sheet

Bearing strength of the concrete, jd = 0.67cu

Minimum outstand, C = 0.5 [(NEd/2bjd ) – t]


Minimum baseplate thickness, tb = c [(3jd)/(y)]

Page 7 of 7

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