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Pathophysiology of Cholelithiasis

This document discusses gallstones (cholelithiasis). It lists risk factors for gallstones such as being female over 50, obesity, pregnancy, and certain medical conditions. It describes the disease process where bile becomes saturated with cholesterol and crystals form stones. Signs and symptoms include pain in the upper right abdomen, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice. Nursing goals are to monitor for signs of infection, promote rest and comfort, encourage adequate nutrition and fluid intake, and administer pain medication as prescribed. Surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) treats gallstones while medical management focuses on symptom relief.

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Sheril
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2K views

Pathophysiology of Cholelithiasis

This document discusses gallstones (cholelithiasis). It lists risk factors for gallstones such as being female over 50, obesity, pregnancy, and certain medical conditions. It describes the disease process where bile becomes saturated with cholesterol and crystals form stones. Signs and symptoms include pain in the upper right abdomen, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice. Nursing goals are to monitor for signs of infection, promote rest and comfort, encourage adequate nutrition and fluid intake, and administer pain medication as prescribed. Surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) treats gallstones while medical management focuses on symptom relief.

Uploaded by

Sheril
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Legend: Middle Age (female > male before age 50),

Risk factors Obesity, Infection, Pregnancy, Hormonal


Disease Process contraceptive, Celiac disease, Cirrhosis,
Lab/Diagnostic Tests Pancreatitis, Diabetes Mellitus
Signs and Symptoms
Nursing Diagnosis Bile becomes saturated with cholesterol
Nursing/Medical Management
Surgical Management The solute precipitates from solution as
Desirable Outcome solid crystals
Undesirable Outcome
Crystals come together as fuse to form
stones

Urinalysis, bilirubin test, hematologic test,


Cholelithiasis/Gallstones
radiology exam, hepatobiliary ultrasound

If treated

cholecystectomy Gallstone in bile duct pain fever Nausea and Jaundice


vomiting
If not
treated Bile stasis Acute pain Restlessness, Increase
Risk for infection Imbalance
related to increase RR, T, bilirubin
related to nutrition:
inflammatory PR, and WBC
postoperative Less than
Bile Bacterial Abnormal fat process as
incision secondary to body
accumulates in proliferation digestion evidenced by
inadequate primary requirements
the liver guarding
defenses related to
behaviors
Gallbladder Diarrhea nausea/
cholestatic Biliary and duct vomiting
1. Note risk factors 1. Observe
cirrhosis infection
for occurrence of and
infection in the document 1. Encourage
incision. location, patient to eat,
Rupture of Cholecystitis severity (0–10 including
2.Observed for gallbladder scale), and supplementary
localized sign of character of feedings.
infection at insertion pain (steady,
sites of invasive Peritonitis Death
intermittent,
lines, surgical colicky).
incision and wounds.
3.Make health 2. Promote 2. Monitor I&O
teachings especially bedrest, and weight
allowing periodically.
in identification of
environmental risk patient to
assume 3. Provide a
factors that could
position of pleasant
add up on infection. atmosphere at
comfort.
4.Ensure that any mealtime;
3. Encourage remove noxious
articles used are
use of stimuli.
properly disinfected.
relaxation
5.Maintain strict techniques. 4. Provide oral
asepsis for dressing Provide hygiene before
changes and wound diversional meals.
care. activities.
5. Refer to
6.Wash hands or 4.Make time dietitian for
perform hand to listen to adjustments in
hygiene before and maintain dietary
having contact with frequent composition.
the patient. contact with
patient.
Gastric
5. Administer irritation
Body will return to
ketorolac as
normal function
prescribed by
the physician.

Recovery
Inflammation
due to
infection

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