RANCANGAN TEBATAN BANJIR SUNGAI BUNUS , WILAYAH PERSEKUTUAN KUALA LUMPUR

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

This comprehensive report documents the “Rancangan Tebatan Banjir Sg. Bunus,
Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur”. The study area which lies in between 3o13.09’ N,
101o 43.54’ E and 3o 09.45’ N, 101o 42.39’ E, covers two major tributaries, namely Sg. Peran
(Setiawangsa sub-catchment) and Sg. Ayer Panas (Wangsa Maju sub-catchment). The project
occupies the northeastern part of the Federal Territory of Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala
Lumpur and has a total catchment of about 1751.29 hectares (or 17.51 km2). A part of Sg.
Bunus originates from Wangsa Maju sub-catchment at Taman Bunga Raya and passes
through Kg. Baru Ayer Panas, Kg. Semarak, Setapak, Titiwangsa and Kg. Baru before
entering Sg. Klang. The length of river is about 7.0 km long.

Department of Irrigation and Drainage Wilayah Persekutuan, thus the government is desirous
to mitigate flood problems in the Sg. Bunus catchment. The main objective of the project is
to protect the life, health and safety of the residents of the community, reduce damages to
structures due to flooding in the community and to ensure a sustainable future for the
community. The soft-engineered features and structural measures that have been considered
in the study include storage ponds, on-line storage, the planting of vegetation, tunneling and
underground storage tank.

The main objective of the project “Rancangan Tebatan Banjir Sg. Bunus Wilayah
Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur” is to overcome the problem above guided by the detailed design
and tender documents for the Sg. Bunus flood mitigation works including control structures
and other related works at the Sg. Bunus catchment. The Sg Bunus flood mitigation project
was specifically initiated due to the following reasons:-
i. To reduce flash flood at Jalan Tun Razak, Jalan Gurney, Jalan Semarak dan Kg
Bharu, Kuala Lumpur and its surrounding areas, and
ii. To reduce traffic congestion due to flooding along Jalan Tun Razak and the
surrounding streets.

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Figure 1: Sg. Bunus Flood Mitigation

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DATA COLLECTION

This part discusses issues related to data collection which has been conducted by few parties
previously. Most of the data collected are from previous study that had been carried out by
Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran (JPS). Among the data collected from previous studies are
topography, average monthly rainfall, and drainage and flood characteristics of Sg Bunus.
However, additional data and processes still require hydrologic and hydraulic analysis and
detailed design such as verification of current landuse, detail engineering survey, soil
investigation, water quality and geophysical survey at project area.

HYDROLOGY AND HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS

This part discusses the hydrology and hydraulic component of the projects. The first
subchapter covers the development of design rainfall and runoff from subcatchments. This
information is used as inputs to river modeling toward hydraulic design for storm of various
ARIs. The modeling scenarios will include existing and propose conditions of the Project.
The model development was carried out using InfoWorks ICM. The second subchapter
elaborated on the river and flood plain, modeling including the 2D components.

Hydrological Analysis

The Sg Bunus catchment is located in the Sg Klang Basin which is considered well covered
with many hydrological stations. However as the catchment is relatively small, only some
stations are suitable to be used in the analysis. There are three automatic rainfall stations and
water level within the river basin, being used for the design storm and calibration, namely
JPS Ampang, Sg. Bunus at Jalan Tun Razak and Sek. Men. Pendidikan Khas at Jalan Genting
Klang.

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Design Rainfall

Two options for determining the design storm are available for the project. The IDF from
new HP1 and also from latest study, which revised the IDF area available for use in this
project. Both IDF are shown in this report for comparison purposes. There are many stations
installed under SMART project, however the operation duration for these stations are still
short and hence not possible to be used for the design storm.

Flood event – 24th February 2011

Hydrological data during February 2011 flood event is available for the hydrologic analysis
and calibration process. Comparison of rainfall from Station Genting Klang and Jalan Tun
Razak are shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2: Comparison of Rainfall from the Two Stations

River Model Development

The development of the drainage and flood plain model is divided into 3 major components.
The components are; catchment model, river modeling -1D and flood plain modeling - 2D.
The main catchment for hydrologic model is available from iFFRM model. This model
provides the division of subcatchment for Sg Bunus as tributaries of Sg Klang model. Further
enhancement of the subcatchemnt was carried out based on the contour map.

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OPTIONS CONSIDERATION

This chapter discusses on the options investigated during the hydraulic analysis. It also
discusses on the conceptual design for all the options and scope of work for final
recommended flood mitigation measures. There are six flood mitigation options to achieve
the objectives of this project. Table 1 show the summary of recommended options for Sungai
Bunus flood mitigation project.

Table 1: Investigation on Flood Mitigation Options for Sg. Bunus

Option Investigation
1 Existing / Do nothing
2 Improve three ponds at
a. Setapak Jaya Pond
b. Air Leleh Pond
c. Kg. Boyan Pond
3 New Diversion at Jalan Tun Razak, improve three ponds, close existing diversion
3a New Diversion at Jalan Tun Razak, improve three ponds, open existing diversion
4 New Diversion at Jalan Tun Razak, improve three ponds, Titiwangsa Lake
5 New Diversion at Jalan Tun Razak, improve three ponds, Titiwangsa Lake, New
channel diversion to Sg. Gombak, Kg Semarak Pond
6 New Diversion at Jalan Tun Razak, improve Setapak Jaya and Kg. Boyan Pond,
Online Storage before Air Leleh Pond, Online Storage Sri Rampai, Online Storage
Titiwangsa, Online Storage Air Panas and Pulapol Underground Storage Tank.

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Water Level at Jalan Tun Razak

Table 2 below shows the water level at Jalan Tun Razak for the various options.

Table 2: Maximum Water Levels Upstream of Jalan Tun Razak for 100 ARI

Maximum water levels at

Option Work proposed
Jalan Tun Razak (100 ARI)
1 Existing/Do Nothing 37.6 m
2 Improve Three Ponds 37.6 m
Jalan Tun Razak Diversion+ Three
3 38.0 m
Ponds (Closed old course)
Jalan Tun Razak Diversion+ Three
3a 35.6m
Ponds (Open Old course)
Jalan Tun Razak Diversion + Three
4 37.0 m
Ponds + Titiwangsa Diversion
5 Option 3 + Kg Semarak Pond 37.4 m
New Diversion at Jalan Tun Razak,
improve Setapak Jaya and Kg.
Boyan Pond, Online Storage before
6 Air Leleh Pond, Online Storage Sri 36.4 m
Rampai, Online Storage Titiwangsa,
Online Storage Air Panas and
Pulapol Underground Storage Tank.
Table 3: Maximum Water Level at Jalan Tun Razak

Water Levels (m) at Jalan Tun Razak for various ARI

Option 2 5 10 20 50 100
1 34.7 36.4 37 37.2 37.5 37.6
2 33.8 35.7 36.5 36.9 37.2 37.7
3 36.1 37 37.4 37.5 37.7 38
3a 32.4 32.9 33.7 34.4 35.2 35.9
4 32 32.5 33.4 34.6 36.2 37
5 32.6 34.1 35.3 35.9 36.6 37.4
6 32.8 33.1 33.5 34.1 35.9 36.4

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Discharge from Sg Bunus to Sg Klang

Another important criterion which requires attention is the discharge from Sg Bunus to Sg
Klang. DID has set a requirement that flood discharge to Sg Klang should be limited to 45
m3/s based on the study by KLFM. From the analysis, discharge at Jalan Tun Razak, is
considered as discharge to Sg Klang, as presented in Table 4.

Table 4: Maximum Discharge at the Upstream of Jalan Tun Razak for Various ARIs

ARIs - Maximum Discharges (m3/s)

Option 2 5 10 20 50 100
1 78 91 104 116 136 141
2 71 86 92 100 115 127
3 62 75 85 97 110 123
3a 62 75 85 97 110 123
4 23 32 43 52 63 73
5 33 49 57 62 72 80
6 37 48 60 72 107 119

Option 1 is ‘Do nothing’ approach which though will not be involving any costs but unable to
resolve the problem by leaving it to natural forces only

Option 2 will involve the the improvements to the three ponds , namely Setapak Jaya Pond,
Air Leleh Pond and Kg. Boyan Pond. For 50 ARI, the maximum discharge is 115 m3/s.

The Effect of Closing the Old Course of Sg Bunus (Option 3)

Sg Bunus previously contains an old course which passes through Kg Baru and Kg Pindah.
However, the route had been closed by a sluice gate. The analysis also shows that the closing
of Sg Bunus diversion tunnel shall produce a big impact to the flood level. Ultimately, the
backwater effect even for low ARI event can trigger ponding effects along Jalan Tun Razak.
It is highly recommended that the size of the tunnel or other similar section to be properly
designed to reduce the backwater effect, thus reducing the flood level at Jalan Tun Razak.

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The Effect of Diversion Channel at Tasik Titiwangsa (Option 4)

The lake is divided into two compartments which are 12 ha and 3 ha, respectively. The
diversion of flood water from Sg Bunus to Tasik Titiwangsa shall enable significant
discharge reduction to Jalan Tun Razak. The analysis shows that this diversion could take
flood discharge as high as 80 m3/s; thus, allowing protection ARI capacity of 50 years at
Jalan Tun Razak. Furthermore, the allowable discharge to Sg Klang can be reduced to 50
m3/s which is equivalent to 20 ARI protection to Sg Klang itself.

The Effect of Semarak Pond (Option 5)

This option is looking at proposed new pond of approximately 10 ha in Semarak. The

analysis denotes there is a significant impact on discharge reduction in Sg Bunus through
systematic control of flood water from Sg Bunus and also Sg Peran subcatchment. However,
due to the proposed tunnel size that is small, the increase of water level is significant. This
result indicate that the size of the tunnel should be designed accordingly to allow flood water
to pass through. The flood protection level at Jalan Tun Razak will increase by 20 ARI

The Protection Level for Option 6

The results from this option indicate that the mitigation works shall increase the protection
level up to 50 ARI. Some possible problems anticipated through the implementation of flood
mitigation works are:

 Rubbish that are clogged up at the trash screen will affects flow to ponds.
 Sediments from catchment which are silted in the ponds and drains promoting growth
of grass plants. Sedimentation reduces channel/ponds active size while plant growth
increases channel roughness.
 Gated inlet/outlets structures are proposed as control mechanisms. Any event of
failure should be minimized through proper SOP.

The study team recommends periodical and systematic operation and maintenance to be
installed by DID to ensure the design protection level (50ARI) is maintained at all time. From
Option 6, the protection level is expected to be up to 50 ARI with discharge to Sg Klang

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reaching 107 m3/s. Therefore further measures are necessary to reduce the discharge to Sg
Klang below 45 m3/s as stated in the KLFM.

Recommended Flood Mitigation measures (Option 6)

This subchapter discusses the recommended flood mitigation measures and scope of work for
the final proposed design that provides the best solution.

Table 5: Recommended Flood Mitigation Measures

Location Works / Proposal Flood Storage Estimation (m³)

Setapak Jaya Pond New inlet and outlet control 228 490
River water control system
pond slope stabilization
dredging
Kg. Boyan Pond Dredging 131 000
pond slope rehabilitation
New inlet and outlet control
River water control system
Air Leleh Pond Existing pond 111 000
Jalan Tun Razak Stilling basin -
New Diversion Bore pile
Cut and cover tunnel
Micro tunneling – pipe roofing
Jack in box tunnel
Pump gate
Online Storage River Widening 25 000
before Air Leleh Bioengineering technique
Pulapol underground Underground storage tank using 109 000
storage RC structure
River water control system
Online Storage Bioengineering technique 79 000
Titiwangsa River water control system River
widening
Online Storage Air River Widening 33 000
Panas River water control system
Bioengineering technique
Online Storage Sri River Widening 141 000
Rampai River water control system
Bioengineering technique

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FLOOD MAP

Beside the design information provided from the hydrology and hydraulic analysis, flood
hazard maps for various ARI and condition are prepared to show the performance of the
flood mitigation option. The output of the flood map was analyzed and the finding is
tabulated in Table 6 until Table 9.

Table 6 : Flood Inundation Areas for Existing Condition

Flood Inundation Areas (ha)- Existing Condition

Flood Depth 10 ARI 50 ARI 100 ARI
0 - 0.5 m 4.2 18.0 25.5
0.5 - 1.2 m 1.1 11.4 12.7
Above 1.2 m 0.8 8.3 10.9
Total 6.1 37.7 49.1

Table 7 : Flood Inundation Map for Flood Mitigation Option 6

Flood Inundation Areas (ha)-Flood Mitigation

Condition

Flood Depth 10 ARI 50 ARI 100 ARI

0 - 0.5 m - - 0.9

0.5 - 1.2 m - - 0.4

Above 1.2 m - - 4.1

Total 0.0 0.0 5.3

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Table 8 : Flood Inundation Map for Flood Mitigation with Climate Change Factor (Option 6)

Flood inundation area (ha)-Flood Mitigation with

Climate Change Factor

Flood Depth 10 ARI 50 ARI 100 ARI

0 - 0.5 m - 12 11.1

0.5 - 1.2 m - 4 10.6

Above 1.2 m - 9 12.9

Total 0.0 25.1 34.6

Table 9 : Flow Comparison between Existing (No Mitigation) and Mitigation Option 6

With
ARI No Mitigation Mitigation % Reduction
(Option 6)

2 121 45 63%

5 160 63 61%

10 189 80 58%

20 213 90 58%

50 247 107 57%

100 278 119 57%

The reduction of flows at the confluence of Sg Bunus to Sg Klang will overcome the flood
problem along Sg Klang to the city centre. This reduction will also improve the operation of
SMART as the requirement for flow from Sg Bunus is about 45 m3/s. Therefore the flood
mitigation proposed for Sg Bunus will meet the requirement up to 30 ARI.

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Figure 3: Flood Map for Existing Condition (10 ARI)

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Figure 4: Flood Map for Existing Condition (50 ARI)

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Figure 5: Flood Map for Existing Condition (100 ARI)

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Figure 6: Flood Map for Flood Mitigation Condition (100 ARI)

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Figure 7: Flood Map for Flood Mitigation Condition (50 ARI) - With Climate Change Factor

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Figure 8: Flood Map for Flood Mitigation Condition (100 ARI)

- With Climate Change Factor

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EROSION AND SEDIMENT ANALYSIS

This chapter discusses the erosion and sediment issues utilizing the Universal Soil Loss
Equation (USLE). USLE is the most common approach to generate the annual soil loss and
provides the estimated amount of sediments eroded in a specified location. This method has
been widely used in Malaysia.

In this analysis, sediment load flowing into the river before ponds were included from the
calculation of sediment load flow into two points of interest Setapak Jaya Pond and Kg
Boyan Pond. The bed load estimate per year at Setapak Jaya Pond and Kg Boyan Pond are
6,708 m3/year and 4,845 m3/year respectively.

Table 10: Estimate Bed loads at Setapak Jaya Pond and Kg Boyan Pond

Total Water Soil Soil Bed

Point of Area Erosion Erosion Lifespan
Volume Load
Interest (km2) (tonne/yr) (m3/year) (yr)
(m3) (m3/yr)
Kg Boyan
Pond 11.3 253,758 331,495 127,498 4,845 52

Setapak
Jaya Pond 2.6 322,935 435,999 167,692 6,708 48

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM

An inventory of stormwater assets is designed and developed to provide a digital data store
for the WPKL’s DID to support its flood mitigation design and planning. Datasets such as
rivers, ponds, bridges, outfalls, landuses, etc. are included in the database which is supported
by the use of a GIS. Data from various sources are compiled and collected in achieving the
objectives of this inventory development. By having such a digital database, many tasks
which were previously handled manually can be made easier and faster. With all features
coded according to the MS1759:2004 (Feature and Attribute Codes), the assets can be made
more valuables as they can be exchanged more effectively amongst the interested parties (i.e.
data providers and users).

The developed inventory may be used as a source of data for producing maps. With
cartographic tools offered by GIS, maps can be designed and produced very much at ease.
Features can be selected and organized to be drawn in a more flexible way – with options of
selecting and changing colors, shading patterns, text font, color and size, etc. The codes can
be used to provide the legend according to the characteristics of the attribute (as coded). The
map layout can be designed to fit any paper size that is sometimes required to fit and suit a
certain purpose.

Figure 9: Map of Stormwater Assets in the Sg. Bunus Catchment

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WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS

Pollution Sources

Sg. Bunus (Project) flows through urbanized areas where it collects discharges from
residential and commercial area in the form of sullage and effluent from industries (legal and
illegal) and sewage treatment plant (STP). Furthermore, rubbish either thrown directly to the
rivers or accumulated with storm runoff deteriorates the river water quality.

Water Quality

Water quality survey was carried out in order to determine the water quality of the rivers in
the study area. The study was conducted in the month between March and May 2011 while
the current water quality study was conducted at 29 August 2013. Water was sampled at five
sampling points for Sg. Bunus. Sampling exercise was carried out according to the standard
procedures with samples preserved and analyzed according to the Standard Methods.

Existing Mitigating Measures (Quality)

The proposed rehabilitation work for Sg. Klang River of Life Package 3 comprised of
installation of 55 GPTs at all outfalls, installation of solar aerator and floating wetlands at the
three ponds, namely Air Leleh Pond.

Table 11: Proposed mitigating measures and their benefits

No. Mitigating measures Benefits/Notes
1. Installation of Gross Pollution Trap To prevent the discharging of these solid
(GPT) at all outfalls discharging the river wastes to the river via outfalls.
2 Pond aeration through solar-powered To increase the dissolved oxygen level in
aerator the pond and river, hence enhancing the
aquatic ecosystem
3. Floating wetlands To enhance the pond water quality, to
improve the aquatic ecosystem and for
landscape and aesthetical benefits.

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CLIMATE CHANGE

Assessment of Possible Impacts on Sungai Bunus Catchment.

The likely impacts can be deduced from the simulation work using the CGCM1/RegHCM-
PM model for the 2014-2050 period. The changes expected were based on the historical
period of 1984-1993. Sine Sungai Bunus catchment lies in the Central Region of Peninsular
Malaysia (Figure 10) , the likely scenario will be as shown in Tables 12 and 13. Summary of
precipitation and evapotranspiration over the Central regions are provided in Table 12. From
an examination of Table 12, it is seen that there is a decrease in rainfall over the Central
Regions. Table 12 also shows that in general there is little to no change in the
evapotranspiration (ET) rates over Peninsular Malaysia. Table 13 summarizes the assessment
of the simulated historical and future flow conditions in term of aximum, mean, and
minimum monthly flows.

Figure 10: Subregions of Peninsular Malaysia where the Impact of

Climate Change is Assessed

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Table 12: Average Annual Precipitation and Evapotranspiration

Regions Sub-regions Average Annual Precipitation Average Annual
(mm) Evapotranspiration (mm)
1984- 2041-2050 (2) – (1) 1984- 2041- (4) –
1993(1) (2) 1993 (3) 2050 (4) (3)
Central Klang 2281.5 2158.9 -122.6 1398.2 1367.2 -31.0
Region Selangor 2282.3 2176.9 -105.4 1407.2 1374.6 -32.6

Pahang 2381.8 2523.1 141.3 1284.8 1333.9 49.1

Table 13: Summary of Simulated Flow during the Historical and Future
Periods at the Selected Watersheds
Region Maximum Monthly flow Mean Monthly Flow Minimum Monthly Flow
Name (cumecs) (cumecs) (cumecs)
Historical Future Historical Future Historical Future
Klang 31.2 39.2 14.4 12.9 2.6 4.1
Selangor 107.9 92.4 40.7 37.3 7.1 0.5

Climate Change Factor

In order to adapt to climate change, for Sungai Bunus Catchment in particular, despite the
projected decrease in the average annual precipitation and mean monthly flows for Selangor, the
step taken is the ‘no-regret option’ of incorporating adjustment factors to the existing design
storm. This effect of climate change had been taken into account in the Technical Guideline:
Estimation of Future Design Rainstorm under the Climate Change Scenario in Peninsular
Malaysia (NAHRIM). Climate Change Factor (CCF) for Stor JPS Ampang is listed in Table
14 below:
Table 14: Climate Change Factor (CCF)

Return Period, T (year) CCF

2 1.08
5 1.14
10 1.17
20 1.2
25 1.21
50 1.23
100 1.25
Source: NAHRIM (2013)

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Figure 11: Future IDF Curve JPS Ampang (NAHRIM, Jan 2013)

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TRAFFIC IMPACTS

In most locations there will be no significant impacts to traffic but it is expected that the
construction of RC culverts through an existing RE wall that supports the elevated road of the
AKLEH interchange will cause significant impacts and mitigation measures like traffic
management, construction Strategies and Staging may help to minimize the impacts to the
travelling public.

A traffic management plan (TMP) encompasses activities that are implemented to minimize
traffic delays that may result from lane restrictions or closures in a work zone. TMP strategies
are designed to improve mobility, as well as safety for the traveling public workers. When
developing a preliminary TMP, most current layout of the roadway (geometrics) information
and plans available are used. The most current traffic volumes either at the specific location
or as close as possible to the work zone site should also be used to determine possible traffic
impacts. The TMP shall be subjected to a Road Safety audit (RSA) and endorsed by the
Government registered Road Safety Auditor.

Construction strategies can be effective in reducing congestion in a work zone. These

strategies include, among others, innovative construction staging plans, lane requirement
charts requiring crews to work at night instead of during daily peak commute periods, full
closures of a roadway segment for a short period, use of reversible lanes that can be modified
to accommodate peak hour traffic in either direction, and use of contractor incentive and
disincentive clauses within the contract. Similarly, reduced speed limits in work zones may
not reduce congestion, but may make travel through the work zone safer for workers and the
travelling public.

The Stage Construction Plan should show the sequence of construction activities. The Order
of Work specification may identify portions of the project to be completed in a specific
sequence to minimize impacts to the traveling public. Innovative construction methods and
,materials may also be used at relevant stages for prompt execution of the works which will
result in reducing the period of the construction.

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MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL

The drainage pumps, gates, water control gate, debris removal system and other mechanical
and electrical components are to be designed and sized in conformity to the civil and
structural requirements. SCADA and automation of the M&E system shall also be
incorporated.

When it is raining at Sg. Bunus area, the water control gate and drainage pumps will be
activated automatically, based on pre-determined levels. The components, Mechanical and
Electrical (M & E) components are designed for automatic operation. A SCADA system with
programmable control device will steer the gates, starting and stopping the pumps. The trash
raking equipment and the conveyor system will be monitored. Level sensors monitor the
levels in the river, ponds as well as storage chamber.to activate the M.E. components as
required to function as designed. Meanwhile, the water control gate will also be inflated to
divert water into retention pond. The M&E plant and equipment shall cover the following
items, as specified in the individual location.

a. Pumping equipment comprising (i) duty and standby electrical submersible pumps,
(ii) dewatering electrical submersible pumps (iii) and related accessories.
b. Screw down gate – HDPE screw down gate with SS304 frame.
c. Hoisting machinery - electric actuator complete with worm/wheel gearbox, couplings,
transmission shaft, drums and stainless steel wire ropes and other accessories.
d. Stainless steel stop-log guides and sills as follows: -
i. at debris trash raking equipment
ii. at Pump Bay (upstream);
iii. at Gate Bay
e. Debris Removal System – Comprising of automatic trash raking equipment c/w
stainless steel screens, raking equipment, drive system, control system and machinery
platform, and one (1) set of horizontal conveyor c/w collection bins (2 nos.)
f. Rubber dam/crest gate to divert water during high downpour into retention
pond/storage chamber.
g. The Stormwater Storage System (SSS) shall be designed to temporary store storm
water during heavy downpour. The SSS shall be used in sequence for the storage of
stormwater whenever the flows exceed the calculated peak flow. The filling up of the

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SSS shall depend on the storm discharge flow and the intensity of rainfall. The SSS is
also equipped with flushing system to remove the sediment after storm event.i.e when
chamber is empty of storm water. The system also comprises Grit Classifier or sand
separator.
h. Pump-gate shall be designed for those areas which require pump and gate operation
but limited compound area to deploy pump station and gate. Pump-gate system is a
new technology that combined operation of discharge gate and pumping station. The
pump will be direct attached to the gate instead of installed in normal pump sump.
i. Air-Conditioning and Fire Fighting works for the control room.
j. SCADA system shall be incorporate with automation of each system like water
Control Gate, and Pump to perform as AUTOMATION AND SCADA SYSTEM.
i. Besides working as distributed control system for water Control Gate, Pumps
and the SCADA system shall intergrades these systems to carry out optimize
drainage control and save operation cost .
ii. Flood surveillance with PTZ (Pan, Tilt, and Zoom) IP camera shall be
installed to monitor the live condition at side, especially during flood.
iii. Flood warning system with siren also will be provided for local siren alert.
iv. SCADA workstation shall be installed at JPS Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala
Lumpur office to monitor, control and analysing the system.
v. Installed SCADA system shall be linked back to existing JPS Wilayah
Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur SCADA.
k. All works that are performed using materials and equipment supplied shall be in
accordance with the latest Standards and/or Malaysian Standards/IEE Wiring
Regulations (Latest Edition), IES Codes, guidelines/ recommendations, Suruhanjaya
Tenaga, JKR Electrical Specification (L-S1 till L-S20) and JKR Material Approval List
(EMAL) or any other international standards or regulations.
i. All materials, equipment and accessories, for electrical services, shall be safe
and suitable for the function and environment where they are to be installed /
used. They shall be suitable for the local electricity supply system of 415 Volt,
3-phase, 50 Hz / 240 Volt, 1-phase, 50 Hz without resorting to the use of
adaptors or step-down/step-up transformers.
ii. Main switch board (MSB) / Motor Control Centre (MCC). The local control
panel at the gate hoist platform.

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iii. Sub switch board (SSBs) / Distribution board (DBs): There will be separate
switch boards for lighting, power and mechanical services.
a. The best options were selected based on the civil option for the decision in
selecting the M.E components in mitigating flood in Sg. Bunus to the design
level. Operation and maintenance cost were also look into in selecting the
general arrangement, material required as well as fulfilling J.P.S standards.

GEOTECHNICAL AND STRUCTURAL

The main river upgrading systems are located at various locations along Sg. Bunus, which
consist mainly of upgrading existing detention ponds, drainage channel and construction of
new detention ponds, hydraulic structure system for flood control, and other related
hydraulic structures.

All of the above structures are to be constructed over or underground, with conventional RC
structures designed as per approved codes. Analysis and design of all structures has been
made with the aid of reliable and established structural and geotechnical software such as
PROKON, STAADPRO, PLAXIS, GEOSLOPE and in-house calculation sheets. Figures 12
to Figure 17 show the geotechnical and structural aspects for the option 6 followed by the
tabulation of the summary.

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Figure 12 : Online Storage Sri Rampai

Figure 13: Setapak Jaya Pond Upgrading

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Figure 14. Pulapol Underground Storage Tank

Figure 15 : Online Storage Air Panas

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Figure 16 : Online Storage Titiwangsa

Figure 17: Kg. Boyan Upgrading

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Proposed drain Proposed drain - Proposed drain – Jack in box

Gate pump
– cut and cover micro tunneling cut and cover tunnel
Stiling basin
tunnel pipe roofing tunnel

Figure18 : Kg. Baru New Diversion

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Table 15. A summary of the geotechnical and structural features for the adopted Option 6

Location Sub-Ground Soil Proposed Structure Proposed Foundation System

Condition

Firm Silty sand Diversion Chanel The base for the channel shall be consisting of RC slab supported by
layer at micropiles, and RC walls supported against ground with sloped sides.
foundation base This channel shall represent the inlet structure to divert river water to the
underground storage facility.

Loose sandy silty Crest Gate System RC foundation supported by 250mm dia. Micropiles.
Pulapol soil at foundation
base
Undreground
storage facility Hard sandy Layer Pulapol Under RC Structure with on-ground (No Piling) raft foundation and
and Limestone Ground Storage conventional RC walls, the cover slab shall be designed as flat slab
rock at foundation Facility supported by Rc columns planted on to the raft foundation. The method
level of construction shall be made with the aid of temporary driven sheet
piles and steel supporting driven H-Piles bracing.

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Sub-Ground
Location Proposed Structure Proposed Foundation System
Soil Condition

Loose to dense Stilling Basin The base for the channel shall be consisting of RC
Sandy Silt The first part of the drainage system at Kg. Baru area slab supported by micropiles, and RC walls
is called the Stilling Basin, which shall be made by supported against ground with sloped sides. This
driving CBP (Contiguous Bored Piles) to form the channel shall represent the inlet structure to divert
wall of the basin, and RC base slab on ground to river water to the underground storage facility.
form the basin base slab.
The system is designed with curved walls to insure
the smooth diversion of the water inside the channel.

Kg. Baru
Channel Limestone 3-Span RC Bridge Crossing over Stilling Basin RC foundation supported by 250mm dia. Micropiles.
upgrading Rock at
Foundation
base
Dense Sandy Concealed and Open Channel that collect the water The base for the channel shall be consisting of RC
Silty soil at from the Stilling Basin and direct it to the Micro-
slab on ground
foundation Tunneling Culvert, the walls of the open channel
base shall be formed by means of CBP (contiguous Bored
Piles) with RC skin wall, and the base and top slab of
the channel shall be made of RC slab on ground. The
total length of this channel is 75m before the Micro-
Tunnel Culvert and 140m as open channel after the
microtunnel.

Hard sandy Microtunnelling & Box Culvert at Jalan Raja Muda 78m of underpass RC culvert (5mx5m) to be

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Layer and Abdulaziz constructed just beneath the existing rods and traffic
Limestone junction below, and the most appropriate system is
rock at by adopting Micro-Tunneling technique, the
foundation construction with this system starts by rotary driving
level and jacking 600mm dia. steel pipes at the proposed
perimeter of the underpass culvert and along the
entire length of it.

Hard sandy Microtunnelling & Jacked Box Culvert at Gate

Layer and Pump Station (outlet structure). This system is
Limestone consisting of RC intake chamber made of RC slab
rock at supported on micro-piles and RC walls with RC
foundation platforms to support the pumping station facility
level directed to the discharge area of Sg. Klang via twin
RC box culvert to be constructed with Micro-
Tunneling technique below and thru an existing RE
wall that support elevated road.

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Location Sub-Ground Soil Condition Proposed Structure Proposed Foundation System

Firm Silty Sand layer at Mechanical Rotary Screen The base for the channel shall be consisting of RC slab
foundation base (Inlet drop structure) supported by micropiles, and RC walls supported against
Two numbers of Single Rotary ground with sloped sides. This channel shall represent the
Screen to be installed at the two inlet structure to divert river water to the underground
Kg. Boyan inlets of the detention pond, storage facility.
Pond which is mainly consisting of RC
On-Site structure supported on micropiles
Detention and mechanical parts.
Pond Loose Sandy Silty soil at Water Controlled gate RC foundation supported by 250mm dia. Micropiles.
foundation base
Hard Sandy Layer and Mechanically stabilized pond All man-made banks and slopes for the detention pond
Limestone rock at foundation bank slopes (MSE Wall) shall be protected by Mechanically Stabilized Walls
level (MSE Wall).
Firm Silty Sand layer at The base slabs are supported with 250mm dia.
foundation base Micropiles.

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Sub-Ground Soil
Location Proposed Structure Proposed Foundation System
Condition
Firm Silty Sand Mechanical Rotary Screen (Inlet The base for the channel shall be consisting of RC slab
layer at foundation drop structure) supported by micropiles, and RC walls supported against
base Two numbers of Single Rotary Screen ground with sloped sides. This channel shall represent the
to be installed at the two inlets of the inlet structure to divert river water to the underground
detention pond, which is mainly storage facility.
consisting of RC structure supported
on micropiles and mechanical parts.
Loose Sandy Silty Water Controlled gate Existing Structure
soil at foundation
base

Hard Sandy Layer Mechanically stabilized pond bank All man-made banks and slopes for the detention pond
SETAPAK and Limestone rock shall be protected by Mechanically Stabilized Walls
JAYA POND slopes (MSE Wall)
at foundation level (MSE Wall).
On-Site
Detention Pond

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Sub-Ground Soil
Location Proposed Structure Proposed Foundation System
Condition

Loose Sandy Silty Light Bridge Structure 250mm dia Micropiles socketed to limestone rock
soil at foundation RC foundation supported by 250mm dia. Micropiles.
base

Titiwangsa Hard Sandy Layer Mechanically stabilized pond bank All man-made banks and slopes for the detention pond
On-Line Storage and Limestone rock slopes (MSE Wall) shall be protected by Mechanically Stabilized Walls
at foundation level (MSE Wall)
Loose Silty Sand Water Controlled gate The base slabs are supported with 250mm dia.
layer at foundation . micropiles.
base

Location Sub-Ground Soil Proposed Foundation System

Proposed Structure
Condition

Mechanically stabilized earth wall All man-made banks and slopes for the detention pond
shall be protected by Mechanically Stabilized Walls
(MSE Wall)
Air Panas
On-Line Storage Loose Silty Sand Water Controlled gate RC base Slab of 600mm Thk. and Vertical RC walls to
layer at foundation form a structure containing two numbers of
base mechanical. The base slab are supported with 250mm
dia. Micropiles.

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Sub-Ground Soil
Location Proposed Structure Proposed Foundation System
Condition
Mechanically stabilized earth wall All man-made banks and slopes for the detention pond
shall be protected by Mechanically Stabilized Walls
(MSE Wall)
Sri Rampai
On-Line Storage Loose Silty Sand Water Controlled gate RC base Slab of 600mm Thk. and Vertical RC walls to
layer at foundation form a structure containing two numbers of
base mechanical. The base slab are supported with 250mm
dia. Micropiles.

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RISK ASSESSMENT

Apart from risks involved in relocating and delineation of utilities and gas pipes, there
are potentially two stretches of the Kampng Bahru diversion work that may involve a
certain degree of risks to the workers and potentially to the public.
(i) Underpass RC culvert (5mx5m) with 78m length to be constructed just beneath the
existing road and traffic junction using micro-tunneling technique. (micro tunneling pipe
roofing)

(ii) Micro-tunnelling and jacked box culvert at gate pump station (outlet structure) system
i.e. micro-tunneling technique below and through an existing RE wall that supports elevated
road (Jack in box tunnel).

Risk Assessment for the above work is to be made by applying basic guidelines and
standards from the market best practices in the context of Risk Assessment and Risk
Management. The overall Risk Management Plan is inclusive of integrated Risk and Safety
program and must be in place to address the Critical Path of this project which is to ensure
the tunneling activities could be successfully delivered without compromising Risk and
Safety aspects of the entire Primary and Secondary stakeholder

First step to Risk Assessment (as part of the overall Risk Management Plan - RMP) is the
Hazard Identification (HAZID) Analysis. The HAZID analysis using standard HAZID
methodology will be used to identify all related Hazards, by listing down all kinds of Hazard
Elements and then analyze them against applicable Guidewords to impose “what-mitigation”
or precaution measures which has been planned and/or in place and “what-other” protection
or precaution measures to further lower down the risk-level from “Unacceptable Region” to
“Acceptable Region”. Necessary response actions which is avoid, transfer, mitigate or accept
should then be taken at pre-construction and during construction period.

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COST ESTIMATION

This chapter will provide the cost estimates for the flood mitigation measures that have been
proposed in the preceding chapters and recommendation will be made based on the criteria
set earlier.

Table 15 provides the summaries detailed cost estimates for all the mitigation works for
recommended flood mitigation measure.

Table 16: Cost Estimation for Option 6

Item Description RM
1. Menaik Taraf Kolam Takungan Banjir Setapak Jaya 7,774,242.00
2. Menaik Taraf Kolam Takungan Banjir Kg. Boyan 15,637,000.00
3. Lencongan Banjir Sg. Bunus 60,109,593.65
4. Online Storage Air Panas 6,763,011.96
5. Online Storage Titiwangsa 12,078,853.87
6. Online Storage Sri Rampai 12,780,211.10

7. Kolam Takungan Banjir Pulapol 38,120,046.20

TOTAL 153,262,958.78

Table 17: Cost Estimation for SCADA System

Location Cost Per Station (RM)
Menaik Taraf Kolam Takungan Banjir Kg. Boyan
470,000.00
Kolam Takungan Banjir Pulapol
441,550.00
Menaik Taraf Kolam Takungan Banjir Setapak Jaya
190,000.00
Lencongan Banjir Sg. Bunus
355,000.00
Online Storage Air Panas 180,000.00
Online Storage Titiwangsa 180,000.00
Online Storage Sri Rampai
180,000.00
Sg. Bunus Integrated SCADA system
600,000.00

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CONCLUSION

The problem that has been identified earlier is the extensive flood on 24 th. February, 2011 and
subsequently several other rain events that caused floods along Tun Razak and its vicinity that
caused significant damages. The problem due to land-use changes reducing pervious surfaces,
undersized conveyance system, clogged rubbish and unusual rains will be persisting if no
concrete solution is found. In addition, the collapse of the Kampong Bharu 40-year tunnel has
aggravated the situation.

This project is therefore implemented with the main objective of reducing flash floods at
Jalan Tun Razak, Jalan Gurney, Jalan Semarak dan Kg Bharu, Kuala Lumpur and its vicinity;
thereby reducing traffic congestion due to flooding along Jalan Tun Razak and the
surrounding streets.

It can be concluded that the main objective has been met by:

a. Adopting ‘best’ Option 6 which comprises of the available storage of Setapak Jaya
Pond, Kg. Boyan Pond, Air Leleh Pond, Online Storage before Air Leleh, Pulapol
underground storage, Online Storage Titiwangsa, Online Storage Sg. Air Panas and
Online Storage Sri Rampai, and finally be diverted through Kampung Bahru Diversion to
Sungai Klang. The 50 ARI value of flow which is 247 m3/s if no action were taken will
be reduced to 107 m3/s a reduction of 57% reduction with this mitigation project. The
100 ARI value of flow which is 278 m3/s without this project can be reduced to 119m3/s.

b. Reducing the flow at the confluence of Sg Bunus to Sg Klang which will overcome the
flood problem along Sg Kelang to the city center. This reduction will also improve the
operation of SMART tunnel as the requirement for flow from Sg Bunus is designated as
45 m3/s. The flood mitigation proposed for Sg Bunus will meet the requirement up to 30
ARI.

There were indeed several options considered and analysed before the selection of the above
option was made. Each option was weighed against achieving the main objective with
minimum land acquisition, comprehensive engineering consideration and optimum technical
and non-technical judgement. As for the long-term solution, the option of the construction of
a deep tunnel beneath Sungai Bunus could be undertaken for 100 ARI protection level.
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