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Anion Analysis: Experiment Observation Inference

1. An analysis was conducted on a salt to identify its constituent ions. The salt was dissolved in water to create a soda extract, which was then subjected to a series of tests. 2. Tests on the soda extract and salt identified the presence of carbonate, nitrate, acetate, sulphate, chloride, and ammonium ions. 3. Further tests on the original salt solution identified the presence of Group I and lead ions, confirming the presence of sodium, potassium, and lead cations.

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47 views3 pages

Anion Analysis: Experiment Observation Inference

1. An analysis was conducted on a salt to identify its constituent ions. The salt was dissolved in water to create a soda extract, which was then subjected to a series of tests. 2. Tests on the soda extract and salt identified the presence of carbonate, nitrate, acetate, sulphate, chloride, and ammonium ions. 3. Further tests on the original salt solution identified the presence of Group I and lead ions, confirming the presence of sodium, potassium, and lead cations.

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Crookedly Crooked
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ANION ANALYSIS

PREPARATION OF SODA EXTRACT

1 part of salt + 4 parts of sodium carbonate + 20 cc of distilled water are taken in a


beaker and heated to boiling for 10 mins. Solution is filtered. The filtrate is called
soda extract.

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1) Dilute sulphuric acid is Brisk effervescence and a The evolved gas is


added to the salt. colourless gas is evolved carbon dioxide.
which turns lime water
milky but has no effect on Carbonate ion (CO32-)
acidified potassium confirmed.
dichromate solution.

2) (i) Salt is heated with Reddish brown fumes of Nitrate ion ( NO3- )
concentrated H2SO4 and NO2 is evolved. confirmed.
copper turnings.

(ii)Soda extract is neutralized Brown ring is obtained at


with dilute H2SO4 and then the junction of the two Nitrate ion ( NO3- )
freshly prepared FeSO4 is liquids. confirmed.
added and concentrated
H2SO4 is added slowly
down the sides of the test
tube.

3) (i) Salt is warmed with A colourless gas with the Acetate ion
dilute H2SO4. smell of vinegar is (CH3COO-)
obtained. ion indicated.

(ii) Salt is heated with little Fruity smell of ester is Acetate ion
amount of concentrated obtained. (CH3COO-)
H2SO4 and ethanol. ion confirmed.

(iii) Soda extract is neutralized A blood red colouration is Acetate ion


with dilute H2SO4 and obtained. (CH3COO-)
then neutral FeCl3 is added. ion confirmed.
4) Soda extract is neutralized A white precipitate is Sulphate ion (SO42-)
with dilute HCl and then formed which is insoluble confirmed.
barium chloride solution is in dilute HCl and HNO3
added.

5)(i) Salt is heated with MnO2 Greenish yellow gas is The evolved gas is
and concentrated H2SO4 evolved. chlorine.

(a) The gas is passed through The gas turns moist blue Chloride ion (Cl-)
moist blue litmus paper. litmus red and then confirmed.
bleaches it.

(b) The gas is passed through Moist starch iodide paper


moist starch iodide paper. turns blue black.

(ii) Soda extract is neutralized Curdy white precipitate is Chloride ion (Cl-)
with dilute HNO3 and then formed which is soluble in confirmed.
silver nitrate solution is excess of NH4OH.
added.
CATION ANALYSIS

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Salt is heated with concentrated Pungent smelling gas of Group 0 present.


solution of sodium hydroxide. ammonia is evolved which
turns moist red litmus blue.
(i) A glass rod dipped in Ammonium ion
concentrated hydrochloric Dense white fumes of (NH4+) present.
acid is brought near the gas. NH4Cl is formed .

(ii) The gas is passed through Ammonium ion


Nessler’s reagent Nessler’s reagent turned (NH4+) present.
brown.

Preparation of original solution - Salt is dissolved in distilled water

Experiment Observation Inference


Dilute HCl is added to the original A white precipitate is Group I present.
solution. obtained.

The solution is filtered.


The residue is dissolved in hot
water and the solution
obtained is divided into two parts :
(i) To one part, add A yellow precipitate is Lead ion (Pb2+) present.
potassium iodide (KI) obtained.
solution .
Lead ion (Pb2+) present.
(ii) To the other part, add A yellow precipitate is
potassium chromate ( K2Cr O4) obtained.
solution.

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