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Logic: Basic Concepts: 1.1: Arguments, Premises and Conclusions

The document defines key concepts in logic including arguments, premises, conclusions and statements. It provides definitions of these terms and gives examples of common indicator words that signal premises and conclusions. It also discusses how to identify premises and conclusions when there are no explicit indicator words and defines additional logical terms like inferences and propositions.

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Juan Frias
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7 views

Logic: Basic Concepts: 1.1: Arguments, Premises and Conclusions

The document defines key concepts in logic including arguments, premises, conclusions and statements. It provides definitions of these terms and gives examples of common indicator words that signal premises and conclusions. It also discusses how to identify premises and conclusions when there are no explicit indicator words and defines additional logical terms like inferences and propositions.

Uploaded by

Juan Frias
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Logic:

 Basic  Concepts  

1.1:  Arguments,  Premises  and  


Conclusions  
Some  Basic  Defini=ons  
•  Argument:  Group  of  statements  where  the  
premises  are  claimed  to  provide  support  for  
the  conclusion  
•  Statements:  A  sentence  that  is  true  or  false  
(have  truth  values)  
•  Premises:  Set  forth  as  reasons/evidence  
•  Conclusions:  Statement  evidence  supports  or  
implies  
Indicator  Words  
•  Conclusion:  therefore,  thus,  consequently,  we  
may  infer,  accordingly,  for  this  reason,  so,  
entails  that,  hence,  it  follows  that,  implies  
that,  as  a  result…  
•  Premise:  since,  as  indicated  by,  because,  for,  
in  that,  may  be  inferred  from,  as  given  that,  
seeing  that,  for  the  reason  that,  in  as  much  as,  
owing  to…  
What  if  there  are  no  indicator  words?  
•  Ask  the  following  ques=ons:  What  statement  
is  supposed  to  follow  from  the  others?  What  
is  the  arguer  trying  to  prove?  What  is  the  main  
point?  
•  No=ce  also  that  the  conclusion  can  occur  
anywhere  in  an  argument.  
Some  More  Defini=ons…  
•  Inference:  reasoning  process  expressed  by  the  
argument  
•  Proposi=on:  meaning  or  informa=on  content  
of  a  statement  

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