Sr.

Number:OISD/DOC/2015/393

Page No. I

OISD STANDARD – 214

FIRST EDITION: October, 2006
FIRST AMENDMENT: October, 2013

FOR RESTRICTED
CIRCULATION

CROSS-COUNTRY LPG PIPELINES

Prepared by

FUNCTIONAL COMMITTEE ON CROSS COUNTRY LPG PIPELINE

Oil Industry Safety Directorate

Government of India
Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas
8th Floor, OIDB Bhavan, Plot No. 2, Sector – 73, Noida – 201301 (U.P.)
Website: www.oisd.gov.in
Tele: 0120-2593800, Fax: 0120-2593802
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Page No. II

OISD-STANDARD-214
FIRST EDITION: October, 2006
FIRST AMENDMENT: October, 2013

FOR RESTRICTED
CIRCULATION ONLY

CROSS-COUNTRY LPG PIPELINES

Prepared by :

FUNCTIONAL COMMITTEE ON CROSS-COUNTRY LPG PIPELINES

OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE

Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas
Government of India
8th Floor, Tower-A, OIDB Bhawan,
Plot No.2, Sector – 201 301
U.P.
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Preamble

Indian petroleum industry is the energy lifeline of the nation and its continuous performance is essential for
sovereignty and prosperity of the country. As the industry essentially deals with inherently inflammable
substances throughout its value chain – upstream, midstream and downstream – Safety is of paramount
importance to this industry as only safe performance at all times can ensure optimum ROI of these national
assets and resources including sustainability.

While statutory organizations were in place all along to oversee safety aspects of Indian petroleum industry,
Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) was set up in 1986 Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government
of India as a knowledge centre for formulation of constantly updated world-scale standards for design, layout
and operation of various equipment, facility and activities involved in this industry. Moreover, OISD was also
given responsibility of monitoring implementation status of these standards through safety audits.

In more than 25 years of its existence, OISD has developed a rigorous, multi-layer, iterative and participative
process of development of standards – starting with research by in-house experts and iterating through
seeking & validating inputs from all stake-holders – operators, designers, national level knowledge authorities
and public at large – with a feedback loop of constant updation based on ground level experience obtained
through audits, incident analysis and environment scanning.

The participative process followed in standard formulation has resulted in excellent level of compliance by the
industry culminating in a safer environment in the industry. OISD – except in the Upstream Petroleum Sector –
is still a regulatory (and not a statutory) body but that has not affected implementation of the OISD standards.
It also goes to prove the old adage that self-regulation is the best regulation. The quality and relevance of
OISD standards had been further endorsed by their adoption in various statutory rules of the land.

Petroleum industry in India is significantly globalized at present in terms of technology content requiring its
operation to keep pace with the relevant world scale standards & practices. This matches the OISD
philosophy of continuous improvement keeping pace with the global developments in its target environment.
To this end, OISD keeps track of changes through participation as member in large number of International
and national level Knowledge Organizations – both in the field of standard development and implementation &
monitoring in addition to updation of internal knowledge base through continuous research and application
surveillance, thereby ensuring that this OISD Standard, along with all other extant ones, remains relevant,
updated and effective on a real time basis in the applicable areas.

Together we strive to achieve NIL incidents in the entire Hydrocarbon Value Chain. This, besides other issues,
calls for total engagement from all levels of the stake holder organizations, which we, at OISD, fervently look
forward to.

Jai Hind!!!

Executive Director

Oil Industry Safety Directorate

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FOREWORD

Oil Industry in India is more than 100 years old. Over years, a variety of practices have been in
vogue because of collaboration / association with different foreign companies and governments.
Standardisation in design, operating and maintenance practices was hardly in existence at a national
level. This lack of uniformity, coupled with feedback from some serious accidents that occurred in
the recent past in India and abroad, emphasised the need for the industry to review the existing state
of art in designing, operating and maintaining oil and gas installations.

With this in view, the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas in 1986 constituted a Safety Council
assisted by the Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) staffed from within the industry in formulating
and implementing a series of self-regulatory measures aimed at removing obsolescence,
standardizing and upgrading the existing standards to ensure safer operations. Accordingly, OISD
constituted a number of functional committees comprising of experts nominated from the industry to
draw up standards and guidelines on various subjects.

The present document on “Cross-country LPG Pipelines” was prepared by the Functional Committee
on ‘Cross-country LPG Pipelines’. This document is based on the accumulated knowledge and
experience of functional committee members and various national and international codes and
practices. This document is meant to be used as supplement and not as a replacement for existing
codes and practices.

This standard in no way supercedes the statutory requirements of bodies like IBR, CCE, Factory
Inspectorate or any other Government Body which must be followed as applicable.

This document will be reviewed periodically for improvements based on the new experiences
and better understanding. Suggestions may be addressed to:

The Coordinator,
Committee on Cross-country LPG Pipelines,
Oil Industry Safety Directorate
Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas
Government of India
th
8 Floor, Tower-A, OIDB Bhawan,
Plot No.2, Sector – 201 301
U.P.
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NOTE

Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) publications are prepared for use in the oil and gas industry
under Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, Govt. of India. These are the property of Ministry of
Petroleum & Natural Gas and shall not be reproduced or copied and loaned or exhibited to others
without written consent from OISD.

Though every effort has been made to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in
these documents, OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage
resulting from their use.

These documents are intended only to supplement and not to replace the prevailing statutory
requirements.
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FUNCTIONAL COMMITTEE MEMBERS

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME ORGANISATION
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

LEADER

Sh. R. Sen Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., Pipelines, Noida

MEMBERS

Sh. B. Das Gas Authority of India Ltd., New Delhi

Sh. N. Rengaswamy Engineers India Ltd., New Delhi

Ms. Ketaki Adhikary Engineers India Ltd., New Delhi

Sh. B.S. Giridhar Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., Mumbai

Sh. N. Dasgupta Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd., Mumbai

Sh. G. S. Wankhede Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd., Mumbai

Sh. Dev Raj Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd., New Delhi

Sh. P. S. Murthy Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd., Mumbai

Sh. S.C. Gupta Oil Industry Safety Directorate, New Delhi

MEMBER CO-ORDINATOR

SH. S. K. NANDY Oil Industry Safety Directorate, New Delhi

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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CROSS-COUNTRY LPG PIPELINES

CONTENTS

CHAPTER DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

2.0 SCOPE 1-2

3.0 DEFINITION 2-5

4.0 STATUTORY RULES / REGULATIONS 6

5.0 DESIGN 6-14

6.0 INSTALLATION LAYOUT 15

7.0 CORROSION CONTROL 16-21

8.0 MATERIALS AND SPECIFICATIONS 22-23

9.0 FLANGE JOINTS, BOLTS, NUTS, GASKETS OR OTHER 23-24

FITTINGS

10.0 CONSTRUCTION, WELDING & ASSEMBLY 24-29

11.0 TESTING AND COMMISSIONING 29-33

12.0 INTERFACE BETWEEN PIPELINE OPERATOR & 33-35

CONSUMER TERMINALS

13.0 SAFETY & FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM 35-42

14.0 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS 42-45

15.0 PIPELINE OPERATION & MAINTENANCE 45-50

16.0 PIPELINE INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT 50-52

17.0 REFERENCES 53

SECIFICATIONS OF LPG 54-55

18.0 ANNEXURES 56-66

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1.0 INTRODUCTION :

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) due to its inherent properties is susceptible to fire, explosion
and other hazards. Such hazards can have an impact on the property, equipment, plant
personnel and public. Transportation of LPG through pipeline has become a preferred mode
over conventional modes such as road / rail, being safer and environment friendly.

The primary purpose of this standard is to establish norms for safety in design, materials,
construction, inspection, testing, operation and maintenance of cross country LPG Pipelines
and also for protection of employees, public and facilities against the hazard associated with
transportation of LPG Pipeline system.

2.0 SCOPE :

This standard outlines the minimum requirement for safety in design, construction, inspection,
testing, commissioning, operation, maintenance, of onshore cross country LPG Pipelines. This
standard also includes specific safety requirement for interface between pipeline dispatch
terminal and receiving unit i.e. LPG Bottling Plant, Bulk dispatch unit etc.

This standard is applicable to pipeline facilities as per Scope Outline Sketch enclosed as
Annexure I.

This standard does not cover the design and facilities associated with LPG Bottling Plant,
Other Plant requiring LPG and Bulk Storage which is covered in OISD-STD-144.

This standard outlines the minimum requirements for design, materials, construction,
assembly, inspection, testing, commissioning, operation, maintenance, modifications,
corrosion protection and safety aspects of cross country Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and
high vapour pressure hydrocarbon in liquid form ( C2 – C3 , C3 , Ethylene etc.,) pipelines on
shore, offshore section of a predominately onshore pipeline (such as creek /estuary crossings),
feeder pipelines from Jetty and spur / branch pipelines transporting LPG between Storage
points, terminals (marine, truck and rail) and other delivery and receiving points. This standard
also includes specific safety requirement for interference between pipeline dispatch terminal
and receiving unit i.e., LPG Bottling plant, Bulk dispatch unit etc.,

Notes:

1. Cross country Pipeline transporting Liquid (crude / petroleum products) are covered in
OISD-STD-141.

2. Natural Gas transmission pipelines are covered in OISD-STD-226 (Part-I).

This standard shall be applicable from the date of issuance mentioned on title page for all new

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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CROSS COUNTRY LPG PIPELINES

projects / extension or expansion of existing system. For new pipeline under construction and
commissioning phase and also for existing pipelines and associated facilities under operation
phase, the requirements related to safety & fire protection system, operation & maintenance,
pipeline integrity management, defect detection, assessment & mitigation specified in this
standard shall be applicable. It shall be obligatory on the part of Owner/Operator to implement/
comply these requirements within 2 years of issuance of this Standard for pipelines already in
operation and within 2 years of commissioning of pipelines which are under construction
phase.

3.0 DEFINITION :

All definitions pertains to this standard only:

Authorized person:
A person or representative of the company trained and assigned to carry out a specific job.

Area Classification : It is a method of classifying an area zone wise / group wise based on
the presence of explosive gas / vapour – air mixture vis-à-vis the requirement precautions for
construction and use of electrical apparatus .

Bonding: Bonding is the process by which two electrical conducting bodies are connected
using a conductor to maintain electrical continuity to prevent sparking between two conducting
bodies.

Cross country pipeline: Cross country pipeline means all pipeline located beyond the
boundary of any facility and its associated facilities which are required for transportation of
LPG from one point to another excluding piping within the Refineries, separation and / or
gas processing plant up to plant isolation valves.

Consumer Company: The company or organization to whom LPG is delivered from the
cross country pipeline owned and operated by a company (called supplier company) for further
use or movement.

Explosive mixture : It is the mixture of combustion agent ( oxidizing product- gas, vapour,
liquid or solid) and a fuel (oxidisable product- gas, liquid or solid) in such a proportion that it
could give rise to a very rapid and lively oxidation reaction liberating more energy than is
dissipated through conduction and convection.

Earthing: Earthing is provision of a safe path of electrical current to ground in order to protect
structures, plant and equipment from the effects of stray electrical current and electrostatic
discharges.

Fire Safe: As applied to valves, it is the concept of controlling leakage to an acceptable level
after damage encountered during and after the fire achieved by dual seating.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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Flammability: It is the percentage of volume of any flammable vapour in air- vapour mixtures
capable to form an explosive mixture.

Gas- Free: Means the concentration of flammable or toxic gases or both in a pressure vessel or
pipeline is within the safe limit specified for persons to enter and carryout hot work in such
vessels / pipelines.

Hot work: It is an activity which may produce enough heat to ignite a flammable air-
hydrocarbon mixture or a flammable substance.

Cold Work: It is an activity which does not produce sufficient heat to ignite a flammable
mixture (mixture of flammable gas with an oxidizing agent) or a flammable substance.

Intermediate Delivery station: An intermediate delivery station on the pipeline is an

installation having facility to deliver product to any consumer(s) through a tapping from the
main pipeline. Delivery can be through full cut or heart cut.

Intermediate Pigging Station: An intermediate pigging station is and installation having

facility for receiving and launching of pigs for pipeline cleaning operation.

Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) : LPG is a mixture of light hydrocarbons, primarily C3 & C4
derived from crude oil or crude oil equivalent, which is gaseous at ambient temperature and
atmospheric pressure, is liquefied at ambient temperature with application of moderate
pressure. The specification of LPG will be governed by IS: 4576 / IS: 14861 (Enclosed for
reference).

LPG Pipeline system: All facilities including the pipeline associated with transfer of LPG
defined in para 2.0.

Onshore - Areas other than Offshore as defined below, forming the scope of this standard.
Feeder lines from Jetty or other storage point and spur lines will form part of onshore pipeline.

Offshore – Areas beyond the line of ordinary high water along that portion of the coast that is
in direct contact with the open seas and beyond the line marking the seaward limit of inland
coastal waters.

Odorization : LPG has only a very faint smell, therefore, ethyl mercaptan is normally used as
stanching agent for identifying the leakage as per IS:4576.

Pump Stations:
Originating pump station: An originating pump station is the first installation having
facilities such as booster pumps, mainline pumps etc. for boosting the pressure of the liquid to
be transported so that it reaches to next station.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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CROSS COUNTRY LPG PIPELINES

Intermediate pump station: An intermediate pump station is any installation having facilities
such as pumps etc. between originating pump station and terminal / final / last delivery station
on the pipeline for boosting the pressure of the liquid so that it reaches to next station.

Purging: It is the act of replacing the atmosphere within a container by an inert substance in
such a manner as to prevent the formation of explosive mixture.

Shall: The word ‘shall’ is used to indicate that the provision is mandatory.

Should: The word ‘should’ is used to indicate that the provision is recommendatory as per
sound engineering practice.

Supplier Company: The company or organization owning and operating LPG pipeline system
for delivering to various consumer company.

Terminal / Final Station: Terminal station is the last station on the pipeline used for delivery
of product to consumer(s) through full cut only.

Vapour Pressure of LPG: Pressure exerted by saturated vapour of LPG in a closed container
or system at working temperature. As per IS 4576 LPG can have maximum vapour pressure
of 14.5 Kg/ Cm2 at 550 C and 16.87 Kg/ Cm2 at 650 C.

Chief Controller
Means Chief Controller of Explosives.

Competent Authority
Any person authorized by Central Government, by notification in the official Gazette, to
perform the functions of the competent authority under the PMP Act’1962.

Competent Person:
A person recognized by the concerned statutory authority for the purpose in respect of which
the competency is required.

Custody transfer meter:

A gas measuring device which measures the quantity and / or energy of gas delivered from one
agency to another agency for transfer of custody.

Design Pressure:
The maximum internal pressure which the pipeline can be subjected to as determined by design
procedure applicable to materials and locations involved.

High Vapour Pressure system:

The pipeline system conveying hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture in liquid or quasi liquid
state with a vapour pressure more than 110 kpa (abs) at 38 degree Celsius determined by Reid

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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CROSS COUNTRY LPG PIPELINES

method.

Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP):

The maximum pressure at which the pipeline is allowed to operate. MAOP may be equal to the
design pressure.

Nominal Pipe Size

It indicates the standard pipe size when followed by a number. (e.g. NPS ¾, NPS 10, etc.,).

Nominal wall thickness

It is the thickness of the pipe used in design calculation.

Originating Station
Originating station is the first installation in the cross country pipeline where the LPG is
received for further transportation.

Owner
Shall mean individual, partnership, corporation or public agency / organization or any other
entity that owns the cross country pipeline.

Operating Company
Shall mean individual, partnership, corporation or public agency / organization or any other
entity that operates cross country pipeline.

Operating Pressure
It is the pressure corresponding to a particular flow rate at which pipeline is operated.
Operating pressure may be less than or equal to MAOP.

Right of Use / Right of Way

The area or portion of land within which the pipeline operator or owner or company has
acquired the right through PMP Act’1962 or in accordance with the agreement with the land
owner or agency to lay and operate the pipeline.

Spur /Branch Pipeline

Pipeline originating from cross country pipeline (also called as trunk pipelines) for dedicated
terminal and / or customer location(s).

Specified Minimum Yield Strength (SMYS)

It is the minimum yield strength specified by specification or standard under which material is
purchased from the manufacturer.

Sectionalizing Valve (SV)

Valves (MOVs / HOVs) used in cross country pipeline system for isolation of particular
pipeline section whenever required. This valve is also referred to as Main Line Valve (MLV).

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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CROSS COUNTRY LPG PIPELINES

4.0 STATUTORY RULES / REGULATIONS :

LPG pipeline and its associated facilities are covered under various regulations and require
specific approval from concerned authorities. Various regulations applicable are as follows :
(i) Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Act’2006.
(ii) The Petroleum and Mineral Pipelines (Acquisition of Right of Users in land)
Amendment Act’2011.
(iii)Environmental Regulations :
a. Guidelines for Environmental clearance of new projects -1981.
b. The Environment (Protection) Act -1986
c. Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1974.
d. Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981
e. Manufacture, storage & import of Hazardous chemical Rules-1989
(iv) The Factories Act. 1948.
(v) Indian Electricity Rules.
(vi) The Petroleum Pipelines (Acquisition of Right of Users in Land) Act’1962.
(vii) National Highways Act, 1956
(viii) Railways Act, 1989
(ix) All other statutory approvals required for laying of the pipelines across rail, road and
river crossings.

5.0 DESIGN :
5.1 PIPELINE SYSTEM:

Design of LPG pipeline system shall be in accordance with ANSI / ASME B 31.4. While
designing the pipeline system, the design engineer shall provide reasonable protection to
prevent damage to the pipeline from unusual external conditions. Some of the protective
measures which the design engineer may provide are encasing with steel pipe of larger
diameter, adding concrete protective coating, increasing the wall thickness of the pipe,
lowering the pipeline to a greater depth or indicating the presence of the pipeline with
additional markers.

A detailed Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Risk analysis (RA) study shall
be carried for the pipeline and stations. Recommendations / findings from such studies to
be taken into account while designing the pipeline system.

5.1.1 Other Loadings:

Unusual loadings such as those caused by scour, erosion, soil movement and slides,
installation forces, vortex shedding and other phenomena shall be considered and
provided for in accordance with sound engineering practice.

5.1.2 Weight Effects

Live Loads:
“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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CROSS COUNTRY LPG PIPELINES

Weight of water during hydrostatic testing shall also be considered.

5.1.3 Design temperature:

Appropriate temperature range for design of pipeline / piping system shall be determined
based temperature of product (LPG or high vapour pressure hydrocarbon in liquid state
proposed to be transported through the pipeline, ambient / sub-soil temperature and type
of anti-corrosion coating to be used.

Maximum Temperature:
Maximum temperature for design of above ground section of pipeline / piping shall be
maximum expected product temperature during operation or maximum ambient
temperature whichever is higher.

Maximum temperature for design of buried section of pipeline / piping shall be

maximum expected temperature during operation or maximum sub-soil temperature
whichever is higher.

Minimum Temperature:
Minimum temperature for design shall be minimum expected product temperature during
operation or minimum ambient / sub-soil temperature whichever is lower. In no case
minimum temperature for carbon steel pipelines be less than (-) 29oC.

When maximum product temperature during operation is below 65oC, thermal expansion
and stresses in the above ground section of pipeline / piping shall be evaluated
considering pipe temperature of 650C.

5.2 DESIGN OF COMPONENTS :

5.2.1 STRAIGHT PIPE :

Pipe having D/t ratio greater that 100 shall not be used. Where D= outside diameter and t
= least nominal wall thickness.

Section(s) of cross country liquid pipeline to be installed across estuaries and creeks etc.
affected by tidal fluctuation, waves and currents and cannot be installed using
conventional onshore equipment should be designed in accordance with Det Norske
Veritas (DNV) Standard FS-101/ OISD-Std-139.

The least nominal wall thickness (th ) for the steel pipe , shall be as per ASME B 31.4.
Wall thickness ‘t’ for straight steel pipe under internal pressure shall be calculated by the
following equation :
Pi D
t = ----------
2S
“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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CROSS COUNTRY LPG PIPELINES

where D= outside diameter of pipe.

Pi = Internal Pressure

The allowable stress value S to be used for design calculations for new pipe of known
specifications shall be established as follows:

S = 0.72 x E x Specified minimum yield strength of pipe.

Where,

0.72 = Design factor based on nominal wall thickness. In setting design factor, due
consideration has been given to and allowance has been made for the under thickness
tolerance and maximum allowable depth of imperfection provided for in the
specification approved by code.

E= Longitudinal joint factor, which for High Frequency electric resistance welded
(HFERW), longitudinal seam submerged arc welded (LSAW), helical seam submerged
arc welded (HSAW) and seamless types of pipes, manufactured in accordance with API
specification 5L and considered as 1

5.2.2 CORROSION :

All underground and above ground pipes and its components shall be fully protected
against corrosion. A wall thickness allowance for corrosion is not required if pipe and
component are protected against corrosion.

5.3 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENT :

5.3.1 Sectionalizing / Block valves with remote shut off provision from the control room
shall be provided at the boundary of station pipeline inlet and outlet locations to isolate
the station facility.

5.3.2 Check valves should be installed to provide automatic blockage of reverse flow in the
piping system, within the station wherever required.

5.3.3 Remotely operated Sectionalizing / Mainline block valve(s) shall be provided with
blow down connection to isolate the pipeline section and evacuate the pipeline section in
case of emergency and repair. All blow down piping shall have double valve
segregation. Mainline sectionalizing / block valves shall be installed at maximum
spacing of 12 KM in industrial, commercial and residential areas. Block valves shall be
installed on upstream and downstream of major water crossings and public water supply
reservoir.

Major water crossings are characterized by their perennial nature, meandering course,

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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steep and potentially erodible banks, potentially scouring bed, large erodible flood plain
and wide water course (high water mark to high water mark).

5.3.4 The number of flanged or threaded joints for station piping shall be to the extent
minimum.
5.3.5 No free water in LPG being pump shall be allowed as per IS 4576. Online water analyser
may be installed at the originating pump station to detect any free water in the LPG
being pumped.

5.4 PIPELINE SYSTEM & COMPONENTS :

5.4.1 Piping shall be designed for handling LPG. Piping that can be isolated and need thermal
safety valves shall have minimum design pressure of 24 kg/cm2 or maximum pressure
which could be developed by transfer equipment or any other source etc. whichever is
higher.
5.4.2 Low point drains and high point vents shall be plugged or capped suitably.
5.4.3 LPG Pumps :

i. LPG Pumps shall conform to API 610.

ii. LPG Pumps shall be provided with suction and discharge pressure gauges.
iii. A high point vent to safe height minimum 3 M above the pump in case of no pump shed
or 1.5 M above the pump house roof top or connected to a cold flare with flame arrestor.
iv. Check valves shall be installed on discharge side of all centrifugal pumps. Suction and
discharge side of the main pumps and booster pumps shall have actuated valves.
v. Minimum flow circulation line for bypass shall be provided for booster pumps / main
pumps in line with manufacturer’s recommendations.
vi. Pumps protection and interlocks shall be provided in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations.
vii. Seal with seal failure alarms and trips shall be provided. Mechanical seals, if provided,
shall be double mechanical type.
viii. Following alarms and tripping shall be provided on pumps:

a. Low suction pressure of booster and main pump.

b. High discharge pressure at main pump
c. Low discharge pressure trip to avoid liquid vaporization.
d. High Casing temperature
e. High bearing temperature
f. Tripping of main/ booster pump in case of closure of suction / discharge valves.

ix. Design shall take care of abnormal and emergency situations.

x. Suction and discharge valves limit switch position (open /close) to be interlocked with the
start of the pump.
xi. Pump shall operate in sequence with defined logic at starting and shut down.
“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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5.4.5 Pump Drivers :

5.4.5.1 Electric Motors with fixed speed drive or variable frequency drive (VFD) may be,
when provided as pump drivers, shall meet the requirement of API Standard 540
"Electrical Installation of Petroleum Processing Units.

5.4.5.2 When Internal Combustion Engines as pump drivers are provided, this shall meet the
requirement of API standard 7C - 11F - "Recommended practice for Installation,
Maintenance and Operation of Internal Combustion Engines" or suitable BIS
equivalent codes.
5.4.6 Bends, Fitting and Pipe Support at Station :

5.4.6.1 Mitre bend with maximum 12.5 degree bend can be used if the system is intended to
operate less than 20% of SMYS. In case the system is designed to operate at a hoop
stress of more than 20% of specified minimum yield strength (SMYS), mitre bend shall
not be permitted.

5.4.6.2 Sleeve, coupled, and patented joints shall not be used on LPG Pipelines.

5.4.6.3 Pipe Support :

Supports and anchors shall be fabricated from suitable materials. Supporting elements
required to be welded to the gas piping shall comply with the following:

(i) If the gas piping is designed to operate at a hoop stress of less than 20% of SMYS,
supports or anchors shall be directly welded to the pipe.

(ii) If the pipe is designed to operate at a hoop stress level of 20% or more of SMYS,
support element are not permitted to be welded directly to the pipe. Support
elements shall be welded to a separate cylinder member that completely encircles
the pipe. Encircling member shall be welded to the pipe continuously and cover the
entire circumference.

5.4.7 Valves:

Valves shall be installed buried and provided with a stem extension in such a way that
the centre of actuator is at approximately 1.0 m above the finished ground level
considering ease of operation. Sectionalizing valve on the main pipeline shall
preferably be ball valves of full bore type conforming to the minimum requirements of
API 6D / ISO-14313.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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5.4.8 Pressure Relief Valves :

Pressure Relief Valves shall meet the requirement of API 520 “Sizing, Selection and
Installation of Pressure Relieving Devices in Refineries" / OISD-STD-106 or equivalent.

5.4.9 Scraper Trap :

5.4.9.1 Quick Opening Closures system shall be used for Trap in order to provide repeated
access to the interior of piping system.

5.4.9.2 The closure system shall meet the minimum requirement of API 6H “End Closures,
Connectors & Swivels”

5.4.10 Strainer / Filter :

5.4.10.1 The strainer/ filter housing shall be designed as per Section VIII division of ASME
Standard: (For Boiler and Pressure Vessel).
5.4.10.2 The free area of strainer shall not be less than three times the cross section area of
suction line.

5.4.11 Communication :

A reliable and dedicated communication system to interact between all stations

including sectionalizing valve stations across the entire pipe line shall be designed and
installed and maintained to ensure safe operations under both normal and emergency
situations.

5.4.12 Instrument and Control System :

5.4.12.1 Instrumentation and control system for the Pipeline system in totality shall meet the
requirement as per API Standard 550 "Manual on Installation of Refinery
Instruments and Control Systems.

5.4.12.2 The control system to be provided in the supply & receiving stations shall be
developed based on study & analysis in entirety, keeping in view the pipeline
quantity transported and its maximum variations.

5.4.12.3 Flow / Pressure Control Valve

Design of control valves shall meet the requirement of part I of API 550.

5.4.12.4 For liquid metering, positive displacement meters, turbine meters, Mass flow meter or
equivalent liquid measuring devices and their proving facilities shall be designed and
installed in accordance with the API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards
or equivalent.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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5.4.13 Electrical Installations of Pipeline Station :

5.4.13.1 Area Classification of Pipeline Installation, as basis for Selection of Electrical

Equipment for LPG Pipeline Station shall follow IS –5572 and OISD 113 on
“Classification of area for electrical installations at hydrocarbon processing and
handling facilities”.

5.4.13.2 The specification of Electrical equipment shall be in line with IS: 5571, ‘Guide for
selection of Electrical Equipment for Hazardous Area.’

5.4.13.3 Safety in electrical system to be designed as per OISD-RP-149.

5.4.13.4 All electrical equipment, systems, structures and fencing shall be suitable earthed
conforming to IS 3043. The earthing system shall have an earthing network grid with
required number of electrodes.

5.4.13.5 All Electrical equipment operating above 250 volts shall have two separate and
distinct connection to earth grids.

5.4.13.6 Fire protection in Electrical installations shall be designed as per OISD-STD-173.

5.4.13.7 Safety devices in line with NACE-RP-01-77 shall be installed for preventing the
damage to the pipeline due to lightning or fault currents when the pipeline is installed
near electric transmission tower footings, ground cables etc.

5.4.14 Piping Requirement for Refrigerated LPG transfer :

5.4.14.1 Piping system shall be designed as per ASME B 31.3. The refrigeration system shall
maintain the LPG at a temperature at which LPG’s vapour pressure does not exceed
the piping design pressure.

5.4.14.2 Pipe component material specification should meet the temperature extremes for
which it has been designed. Low ductility materials such as cast iron, semisteel,
malleable iron and cast aluminium shall not be used in any pipe.

5.4.14.3 Shut of valves and accessory equipment shall be constructed of material suitable for
operating pressure and temperature extremes to which they are subjected.

5.4.14.4 The insulation shall contain a vapour barrier and shall be weather proofed. Insulation
and weather proofing shall be fire retardant. Steel surfaces covered by insulation shall
be properly coated to prevent corrosion.

5.4.14.5 When cold piping is routed below ground provision like trenches, casing and other

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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means shall be made to permit expansion and contraction of the pipeline.

5.4.14.6 When storage facility handles more than one type of product, dedicated loading and
unloading pipelines shall be considered for each type of product.

5.4.14.7 The vapour load resulting from refrigeration shall be handled by one or a combination
of the following method :

(a) Recovery by a liquefaction system

(b) Disposal by flaring

5.4.14.8 Provision shall be made for emergency alarm to signal excess pressure build up in the
pipeline because of a failure of cooling medium.

5.5 DESIGN OF LPG SAFETY SYSTEM :

5.5.1 PRESSURE LIMITING DEVICES :

A weep hole with nipple at low point shall be provided on the vent pipe in order to
drain the rain water which may get accumulated otherwise. Weep hole nipple shall be
so oriented that in case of safety valve lifting and consequent fire resulting from LPG
coming out from weep hole does not impinge on the structure or equipment. A loose
fitting rain cap with chain (non sparking) shall be fitted on top of the vent pipe.

5.5.1.1 THERMAL RELIEF VALVE (TRV) :

Any equipment or section of pipeline containing liquid LPG in the form of trapped
volume shall be protected against excessive pressure developed due to rise in
surrounding temperature by installing TRVs. The discharge of TRVs shall be connected
to flare or vent system wherever available. All TRVs shall have lock open type
isolation valve upstream of relief valve. In addition lock open isolation valve
downstream of relief valve shall be provided if vent is connected to flare header.

PRESSURE SAFETY VALVE (PSV) :

Pressure safety valves or other devices of sufficient capacity and sensitivity shall be
installed to ensure that the normal operating pressure of the system does not exceeded
by more than 10%. If the normal operating pressure is the maximum allowable
operating pressure of the pipeline, then the set pressure for pressure safety valve should
be at a pressure 2 kg / Cm2 above the MAOP or at a pressure equal to 10% of MAOP,
whichever is less. The discharge of PSVs shall be connected to flare or vent system
wherever available.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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5.5.2 DELIVERY STORAGE :

High level alarm and High High level alarm indication of storage vessel shall be set at
80% and 85% level of volumetric capacity respectively. The audio visual indication
shall be provided at local panel and the pipeline control room. Pipeline delivery ROVs
(supplier’s and consumer’s premises) shall close on actuation of high high level alarm.

5.5.3 PROTECTION OF FACILITIES :

5.5.3.1 Properly laid out roads around various facilities shall be provided within the installation
area for smooth access of fire tenders etc., in case of emergency.

5.5.3.2 Proper industry type boundary wall at least 3 M high with 0.6 M barbed wire on top
shall be provided all around the installation i.e. pump station / intermediate station /
delivery station / terminal station provided unless the installation is protected as part
of refinery / bulk delivery / LPG installation in line with MHA ( Ministry of Home
Affairs) guidelines.

5.5.3.3 Emergency exit with proper gate shall be provided in the earmarked zone.

5.5.3.4 In case provision for green belt is made, the same shall be segregated from hazardous
area by 1 M high wall / chain link fencing. Alternatively, it shall be treated as a part of
hazardous area.

5.5.3.5 LPG pipeline system shall be equipped with following :

(1) Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) .

(2) Leak detection system with provision for identification / location of leak and
isolation of affected section.
(3) Facilities for controlled flaring.
(4) Accessories & kit for arresting leak
5.5.4 VENTS :

(a) In case of non-availability of flare system, the discharge from safety valve shall be vented
vertically upwards to atmosphere at an elevation of 3 meter (minimum) above working
level or the tallest structure within a radius of 15 meter whichever is higher for effective
dispersion of hydrocarbons. In this case, isolation valves on down stream of PSVs are not
required.

(b) A weep hole with nipple at low point shall be provided on the vent pipe in order to drain
the rain water which may get accumulated otherwise. Weep hole nipple shall be so
oriented that in case of safety valve lifting and consequent fire resulting from LPG
coming out from weep hole does not impinge on the structure or equipment. A loose
fitting rain cap with chain (non sparking) shall be fitted on top of the vent pipe.
“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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6.0 INSTALLATION LAYOUT :

6.1 LOCATION :

The information on following aspects are required to be considered for finalising location
of pipeline station.

i. Location of storage facilities to hook up with LPG pipeline system at upstream and
downstream side.
ii. Findings of Risk Analysis (RA) study for the pipeline stations including plan for
emergency measures.
iii. Adequate availability of water from a reliable source or alternative arrangement
available / proposed.
iv. The availability of space for future augmentation of facilities keeping in view of
complying safety norms.

6.2 LAYOUT :

The following aspect shall be considered while establishing station layout:

i. Pipeline installation shall be located upwind of LPG bulk storage facilities.

ii. Main power receiving station, comprising of HT pole structure, Transformers,
Breaker & PMCC rooms etc. shall be located in non-hazardous area. Overhead
power lines shall not pass over licensed area.
iii. The accessibility of mobile firefighting equipment to LPG pumps and other
station equipment
iv. Due care shall be taken to avoid accumulation of LPG vapour in low lying areas /
pits.
v. Station equipment and their specification.
vi. P&I diagram for the station.
vii. Utility requirement.
viii. Flares.
ix. Operation & maintenance philosophy of station equipment.
x. Fire station & allied facility.

6.3. Sub-station :

The Sub-station’s location / layout should be in line with OISD-RP-149.

6.4 Separator Distances :

Inter-distances for various station facilities and utilities shall be as per Annexure- II.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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7.0 CORROSION CONTROL :

7.1 GENERAL :
7.1.1 Above ground pipes shall be protected from atmospheric corrosion by suitable coating or
paint. Above ground sections of pipelines on which MOVs or instrumentation transducers
/ transmitters or other electrical devices are installed shall be electrically isolated from the
buried pipeline sections. This requirement, however, need not be applied to above ground
pipeline section on suspension and / or bridge crossings.

7.1.2 Buried section of pipeline likely to be affected by external corrosion shall be protected by
combination of anticorrosion coatings and cathodic protection (CP).

7.1.3 For station piping, depending upon the requirement, underground piping shall be
protected by anti-corrosion coating and / or cathodic protection system.

7.1.4 Wherever insulating devices are installed to provide electrical isolation of pipeline to
facilitate the application of corrosion control, these shall be installed above ground. If
station CP is not provided pipe surface on each side of the isolating joint should be
protected from contact with soil for a length of 2 to 5 meter of the pipe to prevent
concentrated flow of current from section to section around the pipeline.

7.1.5 Insulating joints shall be installed at each entry & exit of pipeline stations (pump,
delivery, scraper & terminal stations). This insulating joints may be located as the first
fitting at the entry point and as the last fitting at the exit point of the station piping.

7.1.6 Insulating joints shall also be installed at the following locations.

(a) Where pipeline/ structure changes ownership such as metering station.

(b) Connecting point of two pipelines / structures having different external coating / CP.
(c) Junction of branch lines having dissimilar metal.

7.1.7 Insulating joints shall be protected by using electrical earthing through sacrificial Zn
anodes and surge diverters at such location where pipeline / structure voltage due to
electrical power system or lightening is likely to exceed safe limits.

7.1.8 At the pipeline crossing location, carrier pipe shall be installed so that the below grade or
submerged portions are not in electrical contact with any casing, foreign piping system or
other metallic structures. This shall not prelude the use of electrical bonds where
necessary.

7.2 EXTERNAL CORROSION :

7.2.1 External coating for buried pipeline : Pipelines should be designed considering the

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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possible corrosive effects of industrial waste, ground, parallel encroachments to high

voltage overhead AC power lines and stray DC earth currents. Anticorrosion coating
shall be selected reflecting the varying ground conditions found during soil resistivity
survey carried out along the pipeline route. Coating shall be selected based on following
criteria.

Functional requirement Anticorrosion coating shall be selected duly considering the

varying ground conditions found during soil resistivity and soil Microbial, Ionic loading
survey carried out along the pipeline route. Selected coating shall meet the following
functional requirement:

(a) Provide electrical isolation between the external surface of the pipeline and
environment.
(b) Have sufficient adhesion to pipe surface to effectively resist under film ingress/
migration of moisture.
(c) Have sufficient ductility to prevent cracking during field bending and to have a
suitable repair methodology for field repair, if required after bending.
(d) Have adequate mechanical properties to resist damage during handling, laying
and operational stresses and have a suitable repair methodology for field repair.
(e) Suitable for the pipeline operating temperature range.
(f) Compatibility with Cathodic Protection System.

7.2.2 Cathodic Protection System :

In addition to protective coating, buried pipelines shall also be provided with cathodic
protection system.
a) During construction period pipeline shall be protected by temporary sacrificial
anode based cathodic protection system.
b) Permanent Cathodic protection system shall be brought into operation as soon as
possible following pipeline construction
c) Sacrificial anode or impressed current cathodic protection system shall be installed
to mitigate the corrosion in the pipelines. The system shall have facilities for
measuring the degree of cathodic protection achieved.
d) It shall be ensured that continuous power supply is maintained in cathodic
protection system.
e) Cathodic protection shall be such that it does not damage the protective coating,
pipe or components.
f) Sufficient test leads points (TLPs) shall be installed on pipeline for taking electrical
measurements to indicate adequacy of the CP system.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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7.2.3 Coating Specifications :

Specification for anticorrosion coating shall specify, as a minimum, the following

requirements:

(a) Type of the coating system;

(b) Minimum coating thickness (in case of multilayer coating, thickness of each
layer should be specified).
(c) Properties of base materials;
(d) Properties of as applied coating;
(e) Operating temperature range which the coating must withstand without
deterioration of its physical and electrical properties;
(f) Minimum surface preparation and coating application requirements;
(g) Adhesion requirements for materials, application and curing, including
possible requirements for health, safety and environmental aspects
(h) Inspection and Testing requirement;
(i) Repair of damaged coating at site for field repair.

7.2.4 For carbon steel pipelines or mains of NPS 2 and above, 3 layer Polyethylene /
Polypropylene or Fusion Bonded Epoxy coating is recommended. Minimum coating
thickness for 3 layer Polyethylene / Polypropylene coating on pipe shall be 2.5 mm and
on girth weld to be 2.0 mm. Minimum coating thickness for single layer FBE coating
shall be 450 micron (0.45 mm) and shall be 700 micron (0.7 mm) for double layer FBE.

7.2.5 All buried bend and fittings shall be coated with Heat Shrink Sleeves or cold applied tape
or two pack high build epoxy coating or 100% solids polyurethane coating compatible
with mainline coating with minimum DFT 450 microns (0.45 mm).

7.2.6 Field Joint Coating :

The field joints shall be protected with a coating material that is compatible with a line
pipe coating material. The coating shall be such that it can be easily applied in field
conditions. The coating shall be carried out with heat shrink wrap around sleeves or cold
applied tape or epoxy or 100% solids polyurethane or any other suitable type of field
coating compatible with mainline coating.

7.3 Cathodic Protection System :

7.3.1 In addition to anticorrosion coating, buried pipelines shall also be provided with
permanent cathodic protection system. CP system shall be designed in accordance with
NACE-SP-0169.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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7.3.2 In case, permanent cathodic protection system is not likely to be available within six (6)
month from the start of pipeline laying, sacrificial anode based Temporary Cathodic
Protection (TCP) system shall be provided till commissioning of permanent cathodic
protection system.

7.3.3 Permanent Cathodic Protection system i.e. sacrificial anode or impressed current shall be
brought into operation as soon as possible following pipeline construction.

7.3.4 When Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) system is used, continuous power
supply to the ICCP system shall be ensured by suitable back up power availability and
maintained. All CPTRU stations shall be provided with current interrupter devices to
facilitate ON / OFF PSP survey.

7.3.5 Test Lead Points (TLPs) shall be installed at the following locations. Distance between
two consecutive TLPs shall not exceed 1.0 (one) km. In inhabited areas. In uninhabited
areas, however, the distance may be increased to 1.5 (one and half) KM.

(a) Both sides of the cased crossing in case width of case crossing is more than 20 m.
(b) Both sides of the river / canal crossing in case the width is more than 50m.
(c) Crossing of two or more pipelines.
(d) At isolating joints with facilities for measurement of details for both sides of the
isolating joints.
(e) At sectionalizing valve station.
(f) Bridge crossing.
(g) At close vicinity of foreign pipeline anode ground bed
(h) At location where pipeline is connected to earth electrode, galvanic anode for CP
and corrosion coupons.

7.3.6 Pipelines running parallel in common right of way should not be bonded underground in
the absence of any overriding considerations. Location of underground bonding
connections should be properly identified. Current regulating device (resistor) for proper
distribution of current at the current feeding point / bonding point should be provided to
maintain equipotential level for all pipelines in the same ROW thus ensuring no net flow
of protective current from one to other co-existing pipelines.

7.3.7 Test leads should be attached to the pipe by Thermit welding or other low heat methods
such as pin brazing etc. Brazing / electric welding of test leads on to pipeline is not
permitted. However, for charged pipeline, only pin brazing shall be used for cable to pipe
connection. During TLP installation on pressurized pipelines or mains, precautions shall
be taken to avoid possible failure of the pipeline or mains due to loss of material strength
at the elevated welding temperature.

7.3.8 Test Lead attachments to the pipeline shall be completed before taking up hydrotesting
of the pipeline section. It is recommended that TLP wire connection to the pipe shall be

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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completed as soon the pipe is lowered in trench and corresponding pipe no shall be
noted. Since pipeline chainage are determined after pipe book compilation, this pipe no.
noted for the TLP would facilitate to assigned correct pipeline chainage marking of the
TLPs subsequently. In fact these TLP chainages can be utilized as proper reference to
correctly marked and locate all the Km post on the pipeline RoU / ROW.

7.4 Electrical Interference Mitigation :

After installation of Permanent CP system, an Electrical interference survey shall be

carried out to locate any potential interference current pick- up and discharge location
on the pipeline so that adequate interference mitigative measures could be installed
accordingly for the pipeline.

7.4.1 Pipelines installed parallel to / near cathodically protected existing foreign pipeline,
overhead AC electric transmission line or DC Rail traction or adjacent to a switching
yard shall be protected against induced stray current. Protective measures such as
metallic bonding, increased protection current, supplementary coating, electrical
isolation, galvanic anodes, De-coupling devices such as Polarization cell or any other
suitable method may be adopted for such interference mitigation.

7.4.2 Safety devices in line with NACE-SP-0177 shall be installed to prevent damage to the
pipeline cathodic protection system due to lightning or fault currents when the pipeline
is installed near electric transmission tower footings, ground cables etc.

7.4.3 While laying pipeline near HT power lines, care should be exercised during construction
to minimize possible effects of induced alternating current potentials arising out of
capacity couplings.

7.4.4 The anode beds should be located remote to pipeline such that there is minimum
interference of anode potential gradient zone with the existing underground metallic
structures. Location of anode beds shall be physically identifiable at the field and also
properly marked on the as built drawing. Adequacy of remoteness of anode bed to be
calculated and included in the cathodic protection design.

7.4.5 Fault current resulting from lightning or fault conditions of electrical facilities could
result in serious damage to coating and pipe wall and endanger personnel. These
adverse effects may occur where a pipeline or main is close to the grounding facilities
of electrical transmission line structures, substations, generating stations or other
facilities that have high short circuit current carrying grounding network.

7.4.6 Electrical Bonding across points shall be installed wherever pipelines and mains are to
be separated. This bonding shall be maintained when the pipeline and main is separated
as shown in the Annexure- VII.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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7.4.7 It is required to provide shorting link across any metallic flange joint. Before opening of
the flange joint, a flexible cable shall be connected across the flange by connecting at
any two points on the succeeding & preceding section of the flange being opened
(either through crocodile clips or fixing the wire with the bolts of any flange succeeding
& preceding section of the flange being opened) for avoiding any electrical spark
generation during opening of the flange (Refer Figure-2 of Annexure –X).

7.4.8 After installation of electrical interference mitigation measures, interference survey shall
be carried out again to determine the effectiveness of the measures.

7.5 Cathodically Protected pipeline system temporarily out of services :

Cathodic protection system shall be maintained on any underground pipeline due to

feeder electric system being down / main temporarily out of service. Alternate power
source to ensure continuance of cathodic protection or an alternate temporary sacrificial
anode based cathodic protection is acceptable provided it ensures adequate protection to
the pipeline.

7.6 All Sectionalizing Valves and Motor Operated Valves to be earthed through sacrificial
Zn anodes of minimum 20 Kg to ensure no loss of protective current due to these least
resistant paths on earthing.

7.7 Post Commissioning coating surveys shall be carried out on underground pipeline
preferably one (1) month after the commissioning of Impressed Current Cathodic
Protection system, during which period it will be ensured that soil around pipe
compacts sufficiently. Following surveys are recommended :

a. Close Interval Computerized [“On” & “Off”] Potential Logging (CIPL) @

every 1m of pipeline ROW.
b. Pearson Survey along pipeline ROW.
c. CAT (Current Attenuation Test) Survey @ every 50m of pipeline ROW.
d. DCVG ( Direct Current Voltage Gradient) Survey at defect locations indicated
by Pearson, CIPL, CAT surveys
e. Coating conductance survey at CP Stations and midway between CP stations.
f. Casing & Carrier short surveys.

The above survey results will serve as Reference for future Monitoring comparison of
Protection adequacy evaluations /system adequacy audit. This as per NACE External
Corrosion Direct Assessment [ECDA] requirement.

7.8 Records of original surveys and Cathodic Protection Design Documents as well as any
subsequent modifications to be preserved and made available for future protection
adequacy monitoring comparisons/audits.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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8.0 MATERIALS AND SPECIFICATIONS :

8.1 The flange joint shall be either spiral wound metallic gaskets or ring joints. Plain asbestos
sheet / reinforced gaskets shall not be used. Gaskets used shall confirm to ANSI B 16.20
or equivalent. Flange connection ratings shall match with the design pressure of the
pipeline (on high pressure side) and in no case shall be less than 300 series rating (low
pressure side) confirming to ANSI 16.5 or equivalent. All tapping or opening shall be
minimum 20 mm dia. The materials used shall conform to ASME B 31.4 or equivalent.

8.2 Line pipe for use in LPG Pipeline System shall be Seamless, High Frequency Electric
Resistance Welded (HFERW) or Longitudinal/ Helical Submerged Arc Welded (LSAW/
HSAW) conforming to Line Pipe Specification API 5LProduct Specification Level 2
(PSL 2) or equivalent.

Pipes made of Cast iron are not permitted to be used for transportation of LPG.

8.3 Carbon Equivalent :

Maximum limits on Carbon Equivalent (CE) for Carbon Steel line pipes shall be as
follows:

CE (Pcm) : 0.20
CE (IIW) : 0.40

Carbon Equivalent shall be calculated based on the formula given below:

For Carbon content less than or equal to 0.12%,

CE (Pcm) = C + Si + Mn + Cu + Ni + Cr + Mo + V + 5B
30 20 20 60 20 15 10
If heat analysis indicate that boron content is less than 0.01%, then product analysis
need not include boron.

For Carbon content more than 0.12%,

CE = C + Mn + (Cr + Mo +V) + Ni + Cu
6 5 15

8.4 Mill Hydrotest :

Line pipes are recommended to be hydrostatically tested in pipe mill using test pressure
that produces a hoop stress equal to 95 % of SMYS irrespective of grade of pipe material.
The pressure shall be held for a minimum period of 15 seconds.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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8.5 Notch Toughness Requirements :

For Carbon Steel pipes and other steel components of size 2" NPS and larger, Notch
toughness values shall be determined to provide protection against fracture initiation and
propagation. Notch toughness values (minimum absorbed impact energy values) shall be
specified based on the design operating stress and the minimum design temperature.

For carbon steel pipes and other components smaller than 2” NPS proven notch
toughness properties are not mandatory.

8.6 Fracture Toughness :

Carbon steel line pipes shall meet the fracture toughness requirements stipulated in
ASME B 31.4.

8.7 High integrity ball, plug and check valves suitable for LPG services shall be provided.
All valves shall be in accordance with API-6D or equivalent. All valves shall meet the
fire safe requirement of API 607.

8.8 The remote operated valves connecting pipeline to storage vessel shall be fire safe type
conforming to API 607 or equivalent.

8.9 Branch Connections :

Branch connections of size below NPS 2 are not recommended in buried pipeline section.

All branch connections from mainline shall be provided with an isolation valve located at
a minimum possible distance from the main pipeline.

All branch connections or side tap on the piggable section of the pipeline having diameter
equal to or exceeding 40 percent of the main pipe diameter, shall be made using flow tees
/ bar tees in order to enable smooth passage of all types of pigs. Such flow tees / bar tees
shall comply with the requirements of ASME B 16.9, MSS-SP-75 or equivalent.

9.0 FLANGE JOINTS, BOLTS, NUTS, GASKETS OR OTHER FITTINGS :

The number of flanged joints in station piping shall, to the extent, be kept minimum.
Flanges shall conform to ANSI 16.5 or ASME B 16.47 Series A or MSS-SP 44 or
equivalent.

The flange joint shall have either spiral wound metallic gaskets or ring joints. Plain
asbestos sheet / reinforced gaskets shall not be used.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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Threaded joints shall not be used on LPG Pipelines except for instrument tapping. The
dimensions of all piping connection threads, not otherwise covered by a governing
component standard or specification, shall conform to the requirements of ASME B 31.4
(Chapter IV) or equivalent.

The flanged joint shall have either spiral wound metallic gaskets or metallic ring type
gaskets. Plain asbestos sheet / reinforced gaskets shall not be used.

Pipes and fitting manufactured to standards listed in Annexure- IX of this standard should
be used.

10.0 CONSTRUCTION, WELDING, AND ASSEMBLY :

10.1 All safety precautions during construction shall be followed as specified in OISD-GDN
192, OISD- STD-147 and API RP 1102.

10.2 All provisions of OISD-STD-141 of Para 11.4 and 11.5 shall apply.

Ditching
While arriving at the Depth of the ditch, due consideration will be given to the route,
location, surface use of the land, terrain features and loads imposed by road / railway.
All buried pipelines shall be installed below the ground level in line with the
“Minimum Cover for Buried Pipelines”, as specified in Table 10.2.1

Table 10.2.1
Location Minimum Cover
in meter (Ref
note)
Industrial, 1.2 (2)
Commercial &
Residential areas
Streams, Canals & 1.5 (4)
minor water crossings

Drainage ditches at 1.2 (2)

roadways &
railways
Rocky areas 1.0 (2,5)
Uncased / Cased 1.2 (3)
Road crossings
Railway crossings 1.7 (3)
River crossings 2.5 (6)
(below scour level)
Other areas 1.2 (2)

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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Note :

(1) The above mentioned minimum cover requirements shall be valid for all class locations.

(2) Minimum depth of cover shall be measured from the top of pipe coating to the top of
undisturbed surface of the soil, or top of graded working strip, whichever is lower. Fill
material in working strip shall not be considered to add to the depth of cover.

(3) Cover shall be measured from the top of road or top of rail, as the case may be.

(4) In case of rivers/water bodies, which are prone to scour and erosion, adequate safe cover
(minimum 1.5 metre) shall be provided below the predicted scour profile expected during
the life time of the pipeline.

(5) Soft soil / sand padding of minimum 150 mm thickness to be provided around the pipe in
rocky areas.

(6) For river /water bodies which are prone to scour and erosion, adequate safe cover shall be
provided below the predicted scour profile expected during the life time of the pipeline.

Good pipeline practices shall be followed for public safety. In case the pipeline is to be laid
through populated area (which otherwise could not be avoided), additional protective measures
to be provided be by way of providing higher wall thickness pipe or laying at a greater depth or
by providing casing pipe.

10.3 DEFECTS IN PIPE :

(i) All defects in pipe shall be removed in line with ASME B 31.4, API 5L or equivalent.

(ii) Notches or laminations on pipe ends shall not be repaired. The damaged portion shall
be removed as a cylinder and re-bevelled to the piped properly.

(iii)Distorted or flattened lengths shall be discarded.

(iv)A dent containing a stress concentrator, such as a scratch, gouge, groove, or arc burn,
shall be removed by cutting out the damaged portion of the pipeline as a cylinder.

(v) All dents which affect the curvature of the pipe at the seam or at any girth weld shall be
removed as in ASME B 31.4.

(vi)Buckled pipe shall be replaced as a cylinder.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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10.4 Bends, Mitres & Elbows :

10.4.1 To match the contours of the ditch in the event of change in direction, sagging, over
bending etc., the required fittings shall be made either by bending the pipe or factory
made bends or elbows shall be used. The pipe diameter shall not be reduced at any
point by more than 2-½ % of the nominal diameter, and the completed bend shall pass
the specified sizing pig. Mitred bends are not permitted in mainline. Factory made
bends of not less than 3D are permitted.

The minimum radius of field cold bends shall be as follows:

_______________________________
Nominal Pipe Minimum Bend
size In Radius
_______________________________
NPS 12 and smaller 18D
NPS 14 21D
NPS 16 24D
NPS 18 27D
NPS 20 and larger 30D

Where, “D” is the outside dia of the steel pipe.

10.4.2 Pipes with measured wall thickness greater than the nominal wall thickness (with
positive tolerance) should normally be used for making cold field bends.

10.4.3 The ends of each bend length shall be straight and not involved anyway in the bending.
In no event shall the end of the bend be closer than 0.5 m or equal to pipe diameter
whichever is small from the end of a pipe or within one meter of a girth weld. The
ovality in each pipe after bending shall be less than 2.5 percent of the nominal
diameter, at any point.

10.4.4 Bends shall be checked by pulling a gauging pig fitted with gauging plate of diameter
equal to 95 percent of the nominal internal diameter of the pipe. The pig shall have at
least two cups not less than 300 mm apart or pipe nominal diameter whichever is larger.

10.4.5 Pipes with longitudinal welds shall be bend in such a way that weld lies in the plane
passing through neutral axis of the bend. As far as possible, the bend should be
installed such that longitudinal weld lies in the upper quadrants between 10 ’O’ clock
and 2 ’O’ clock position.

10.4.6 Cold bend pipes on site shall have the corrosion coating carefully checked with the aid
of a holiday detector for cracks in the coating down to the pipe wall. Any defects or

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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disbonding of the coating caused during bending (including forced ridges in the
coating) shall be repaired.

10.5 WELDING :

10.5.1 General :

(a) Standard of acceptability for welding process, filler materials, and weld quality shall
conform to be API-1104.

(b) Safe Practices in Cutting and Welding shall be ensured with safety work permits as per
OISD-STD-105.
10.5.2 Welding Qualifications:

(a) Welding procedures or welders shall be qualified in line with under API 1104, or
section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, whichever is appropriate
for the type of welding to be performed.

(b) Qualification Records: Records of the tests that establish the qualification of a
welding procedure shall be retained as long as that procedure is in use.

(c) A record of the welders’ qualification test, showing the date and results of the tests,
shall be retained during the construction involved and for 6 months thereafter.

10.5.3 Welding Inspection and Acceptance Criteria :

(a) The quality of all weld joints shall be checked by visual inspection and
supplemental non-destructive testing (NDT) methods or by removing completed
welds as selected for destructive testing (DT).

(b) All the girth welds (completely around pipe circumference) i.e., 100% weld
joints shall be inspected by radiography.

(c) 100% inspection by radiography of the weld joints shall be carried out at the
location of residential and industrial areas, river, lake, stream crossings
(submerged or bridge crossings), rail, road, overhead rail / road crossings,
offshore and inland coastal waters and tie-ins etc.,

(d) The Non-destructive inspection method used shall produce indications of

potential defects, which can be accurately interpreted and evaluated. All NDT
including Radiographic examination and destructive method of examination
shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of API 1104.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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10.6 CROSSINGS :

As far as practicable, crossings shall be made at right angles. Turning Points (TPs) provided
near crossings shall be located at least 50 m from the boundary of the crossings, on stable and
firm ground except for the stretches which runs parallel to road.

Minimum cover shall be as per Para 10.2

10.6.1 RAIL AND ROAD CROSSINGS :

The angle of crossings for national and state highways shall be as close to 90 degrees as
possible, but in no case less than 80 degrees to the centre line of the road/highway. The angles
of crossing for other roads (like seasonal roads, unpaved village roads, cart-tracks, etc.,) should
be as close to 90° as possible.

The angles for all railway crossings shall be as close to 90 degrees as possible, but in no case
less than 85 degrees to the centre line of the railway line.

Use of casings for crossings shall be avoided unless required by the authorities having
jurisdiction over the facility being crossed.

Casing pipe shall be as installed as per requirements of the railway authorities.

When road / highway / rail crossing is installed using a casing pipe, minimum diameter,
thickness and length of casing pipe shall comply with API RP-1102. Carrier pipe shall be
adequately supported inside casing pipe using casing insulators made of durable and
electrically non-conductive materials. Casing end seals shall be installed to prevent ingress of
water and / or foreign material into casing. Vent and drains shall be provided on near ends of
the casing pipe. If required, the carrier pipes outside the casing pipe shall be independently
supported.

Carrier pipe / casing pipe may be installed by open cut, boring, jacking or other suitable
trenchless techniques.

Installation of carrier pipe at road / highway crossings without casing shall be checked for
allowable stresses in accordance with API RP-1102.

10.6.2 WATER CROSSINGS :

Crossings should be located in a comparatively straight reach of the water body, where the
banks are stable, minimum evidence of erosion of bed, sufficient area for construction is
available. For major canal / river courses angle of crossing shall be as close to 90° as possible.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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For canals/drainage/ditch / nala /stream and other water courses, the angle of crossing shall be
in no case less than 60° to the centre-line of the canal/drainage ditch.

Special considerations shall be required for submerged crossings which are characterized by
their perennial nature, meandering course, steep and potentially erodible banks, potentially
scouring bed, large erodible flood plain and wide water course (high water mark to high water
mark) both during the design and installation of such crossings. For river crossings the
following additional requirements shall be considered.

(a) River crossings installed by open-cut bottom pull method may necessitate additional weight
coating to hold the pipeline in place during installation and operation.

(b) Pipeline profile of crossings installed by other techniques such as Horizontal Directional
Drilling (HDD) or Micro Tunnelling should be selected carefully to ensure stability of hole
and ease of pulling / pushing of pipe during installation.

(c) Stress analysis should be carried out taking into consideration the effect of all loads during
installation to ensure pipe stresses during installation, testing and operation are well within
permissible limits set by ASME B 31.8. Higher thickness, if required, to limit the stresses
shall be used.

10.7 Pump Station, Terminal Station IP station and SV stations :

Typical scheme of a pumping station, Terminal station, IP station and SV stations

(Remote / Manual) are enclosed at Annexure-III, IV, V, VI and VII respectively.

11.0 TESTING AND COMMISSIONING :

11.1 Pressure Testing of pipeline :

a) Rail/ Road / River crossing sections shall be hydro tested before and after installation at
least for 4 hours at 1.25 times the design pressure.

b) All sections including previously hydrostatically tested one viz., road / rail and river
crossings shall be retested along with completed mainline sections.

c) A gauging pig shall be passed through the pipeline to prove the internal diameter of the
entire pipeline. The gauging plate shall have minimum diameter of 95% of the thickest
line pipe used in internal diameter of the pipeline.

The gauging plate should preferably be made of minimum 10 mm thick Aluminium

plate and shall have incisions at every 45 degrees.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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d) All electrical connection and monitoring points on the pipelines shall be completed
before pressure testing.

No welding (other than tie-in welds) and / or mechanical handling of pipe is permitted
after pressure testing. Pipe used for making repairs after a leak shall be pre-tested to the
same test pressure as the originally installed pipe.

e) Water used for the test medium shall be inhibited water i.e., water to which suitable
doses of corrosion inhibitors are added depending upon quality of the water.

f) API-1110 shall be used for guidance for the hydrostatic test.

g) The minimum test pressure at any point along the pipeline shall be 1.25 times the
internal design pressure of the thinnest pipe in the test section.

The maximum test pressure normally shall not exceed the mill test pressure or pressure
required to produce a hoop stress equal to 95 percent of SMYS of the pipe material
based on minimum wall thickness in the test section whichever is more.

The test pressure shall be maintained for a minimum period of twenty four (24) hours.

Pressure variations during testing shall be acceptable, if caused by factors other than
leakage, like temperature variations. Maximum unaccounted pressure variation shall
not exceed 0.3 bar. Pipelines not meeting the requirements shall be repaired and
retested in accordance with the requirements of this standard.

Mainline valves should be installed after successful pressure testing of the pipeline.

h) Internal test pressure of high pressure station piping shall be done for a duration of not
less than 4 hrs in line with ASME B31.4.

i) Internal test pressure of low pressure station piping shall be governed by pressure
ratings of fittings and valves fitted in the system. Duration of the test shall be not less
than 4 hrs.

11.2 GEOMETRIC SURVEY :

The Calliper Survey shall be conducted after completion and acceptance of all the
following mainline activities:

(i) Gauge plate run

(ii) Hydrostatic Testing
(iii) Cleaning and swabbing of pipeline
(iv) Mainline Valve installation

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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(v) Test section tie-ins

(vi) After tie-in of HDD crossings / other submerged crossings.
(vii) Installation of launching and receiving barrels

11.3 LOW PRESSURE LEAK CHECK :

All flanged joints in above ground pipeline / piping, equipment, instrument impulse
tubing, etc., shall be tested by pressurizing the piping system / equipment with dry
compressed air or gas at a pressure of 7.0 kg/cm2 and checked by means of soap
solution / suitable digital gauge for leaks.

11.4 PRESERVATION OF PIPELINE :

If the pipeline commissioning after pressure testing is anticipated to be delayed beyond

six (6) months, suitable preservation technique shall be adopted to prevent corrosion
during such period.

Pipeline shall be preserved using inhibited dosed with adequate quantity of corrosion
inhibitors or by filling the line with non-flammable nontoxic gas and at a positive
pressure.

11.5 DOCUMENTATION :

Following records shall be made and maintained:

a. A complete pipe book including

b. Pressure test records including location of leaks or failures, if any, and description
of repair under taken.
c. As-built drawings including pipeline route maps, alignment sheets, crossings
drawings, Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams, station layouts, piping isometric,
earthing grid, single line diagrams, instrument and cable layouts, loop diagrams,
etc.,
d. Equipment manuals supplied by manufacturers.
e. Complete asset of each location with identification.
f. NDT records of welds
g. Geometric survey reports and repairs, if any, carried out.

11.6 COMMISSIONING :

11.6.1 A proper commissioning procedure shall be prepared for removal of air from the
system and to prevent intermixing of air and the hydrocarbons. Intermixing of
hydrocarbons could be avoided by putting required no. of Nitrogen or water column in
between air and hydrocarbons.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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11.6.2 Before starting commissioning activities followings are to be ensured.

(i) Pressure testing is completed for entire pipeline and associated station piping.
(ii) Pipeline has been cleaned and ferrous material / debris etc. removed.
(iii) All mainline / sectionalizing valves are installed as per requirement.
(iv) Geometric survey of pipeline, section is carried out, when specified.
(v) Firefighting facilities are ready.
(vi) Trained and experience personnel are available/deployed to carry out
commissioning
(vii) All caution boards displayed
(viii) Coating survey has been carried out either by Pearson, Direct current voltage
Gradient (DCVG), Close Interval Potential Logging Survey (CIPS) or Current
Attenuation Test (CAT).
(ix) Low pressure leak check (with air) of the above ground piping / flanged joints
completed.
(x) Pre-commissioning safety audit by OISD completed and compliance submitted.

11.6.3 WATER / NITORGEN FILLING :

i. All gaskets shall be changed after hydro test.

ii. At the time of filling water / nitrogen, air shall be released from vent points.

iii. At this stage the system shall be checked thoroughly for leak proof test.

iv. The complete leak testing at installation during commissioning at 10% above the
working pressure but not exceeding design pressure of the vessel shall be proof test
over and above the hydro test undertaken for various equipment & facilities at earlier
stage. This will ensure leak proof ness of the system as a whole before charging the
system with LPG.

v. Gasket shall be checked & replaced in case any flange joint is found leaking during
leak testing.

11.6.4 LPG CHARGING :

i. Liquid LPG shall not be directly used for displacement of air in pipeline / vessels.

ii. LPG shall be charged only after ensuring elimination of / absence of oxygen.

iii. While charging LPG, water / Nitrogen shall be drained simultaneously maintaining a
positive pressure of around 1-2 kg/ cm2 in the pipeline.

iv. Pressure in the pipeline system shall be monitored and creation of vacuum condition
to be prevented.
“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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v. Where water draining is resorted to, by opening of end flanges of headers / pipelines,
such flanges shall be blinded at the end of draining operation.

vi. In case of displacement of Nitrogen with LPG, constant reading of LPG –air mixture
should be taken with explosive meter to ascertain the displacement of Nitrogen with
LPG.

vii. Provision should be made for proper drainage of water from vessel, pipelines and
equipment. In case of Nitrogen displacement, controlled venting shall be done.

viii. LPG shall be introduced at a controlled rate after displacement of entire water /
Nitrogen.

ix. The commissioning operation shall be controlled and supervised by authorized

personnel.

12.0 INTERFACE BETWEEN PIPELINE OPERATOR & CONSUMER TERMINAL

12.1 INTERFACE PIPING :

The primary safety requirement of the interface piping system is to ensure that in the
abnormal operating conditions / emergencies, either supplier or the consumer / receiver
is not subjected to pressure more than the allowable operating pressure of the system.

12.2 ROV ( Remote Operation Valve) :

a) ROV shall be provided in supplier’s terminal and consumer’s premises, which will
shut off the supply of LPG in case the pressure goes beyond piping design pressure
of consumer terminal.
b) There shall be a time lag between closure of ROVs at consumer end and at the
supplier’s end. The time lag shall be engineered properly so that pressure does not
increase beyond the specified limit in the consumer terminal.
c) While engineering the closure time of ROV, a consideration shall be given so that
the pressure due to surge does not exceed the design pressure.
d) A suitable continuous back-up power supply shall be provided for the control
system and operation of ROVs both at suppliers end and consumers end.

12.3 SURGE ANALYSIS :

A detailed surge analysis shall be carried out during design stage considering the
sudden closure / stoppage of the following:

(i) ROV of the storage vessel valve

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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(ii) Any ROV in the delivery pipeline.

(iii) Pump at Intermediate pump station.

(iv)Any other condition which can generate surge pressure.

Based on the outcome of the surge analysis, surge protection measure to be taken.

12.4 CONTROL SYSTEM AND INSTRUMENTATION :

i. Critical control parameters i.e., storage vessel level, pressure, temperature, flow,
quantity, ROV and MOV status shall be shared / made available & monitored in
the control rooms of Supplier’s and Consumer’s company.

ii. Control system logic shall be designed in such a way that any variation from the
pre-set design limit shall put the system in the fail safe operating condition.

iii.In case of emergency the pipeline ROV shall close earlier than Storage vessel ROV.
An interlock / circuitry shall be incorporated in the design.

iv.Any bypassing of interlocks in the receiving terminal shall be informed to the

receiving organization. Adequate precautions shall be spelt out clearly and adhered
to whenever any interlock is bypassed as per OISD-GDN-178.

12.5 ANNUNCIATION :

The following indications shall be incorporated in the control rooms of both supplier and
consumer company.

(a) Close indication of LPG storage ROV.

(b) Pr. Switch High High of LPG storage.

(c) Level Switch High High of LPG storage.

(d) Pr. Switch High High of LPG receiving pipeline system.

(e) Pr. Switch High High of main LPG pipeline.

(f) Any fire/emergency in supplier / receiver installation.

12.6 The typical arrangement of piping at custody transfer point and its protection is as per
enclosed sketch at Annexure-VIII.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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12.7 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES :

A detailed operation and maintenance procedure for control system and safety
interlocks shall be developed mutually. Roles and responsibilities along with action to
be taken in case of emergencies shall be incorporated in the procedures of each
company. Change in procedures shall be in line with OISD-GDN-178.

13.0 SAFETY & FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM :

13.1 FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES: PUMPING / INTERMEDIATE STATIONS :

13.1.1 DESIGN BASIS :

(i) The single largest risk shall be considered.

(ii) The basis of design of fire protection facilities should presume that no external
fire-fighting agencies would be available for main pump station, intermediate
pump station and pipeline terminal station for a duration of minimum 4 hours.

(iii) All LPG pumps (booster and mainline pumps), Pig launcher and receivers,
metering area, filtering area and receipt & delivery manifold area shall be fully
covered by medium velocity spray system.

(iv) Heat detectors through thermal fuses / quartz bulbs (QB to blow at 790 C) / Electro
pneumatic (EP) detectors) for detection of fire for automatic actuation of medium
velocity water sprinkler system shall be provided. The QB / EP detectors shall be
placed directly overhead or inside the hazard. In areas without specific hazard,
detectors shall be placed evenly across the ceiling or with a maximum spacing of 3
meter inside the shed. Any other detectors if provided shall comply with the design
requirement.

13.1.2 FIRE WATER SYSTEM :

The Fire water system shall consist of :

(a) Fire water Pumps ( Main and Jockey)

(b) Fire water storage

(c) Fire hydrant / Monitor distribution piping network

(d) Water sprinkler / Deluge system

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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13.1.3 DESIGN FLOW RATE :

The fire water pumping requirement for medium velocity spray system shall be
calculated based on following cooling rate:

(i) Pump Shed :

Medium velocity sprinkler system having remote and local operated deluge valve with
spray density 20.4 LPM / Sq.M. area of the pump shed to be calculated considering
outer foundation column distances.

(ii) Scraper area , Metering area/ Filtering area and receipt / delivery manifold
area:

Medium velocity sprinkler system with spray density 10.2 LPM/ Sq.M of surface area
to be considered.

Pump house shall be considered as single risk area. Alternatively, it can be divided into
suitable number of zones with minimum 10 meter width.

The fire water system in the plant shall be designed to meet the highest fire water flow
requirement of a single largest area risk at a time plus 288 M3 / Hr for operating 2 Nos. of
fire water monitors / supplementary hose requirements.

13.1.4 FIRE WATER SYSTEM DESIGN :

(i) The fire water pressure system shall be designed for a minimum residual pressure of
7.0 Kg/ Cm2 .

(ii) A fire water ring main shall be provided all around perimeter of the plant facilities
with hydrants / monitors spaced at intervals not exceeding 30 mtr. Fire hydrants
monitors shall not be installed within 15 mtr from the facilities / equipment to be
protected.

(iii)Fire hydrant network shall be in closed loops to ensure multidirectional flow in the
system. Isolation valve shall be located near loop junction. Additional Isolation
valves shall be provided where the length of the pipe section is more than 300 mtr.

13.1.5 FIRE WATER STORAGE :

(i) Water requirement for Firefighting shall be met above ground tanks of steel or
concrete or masonry. The effective capacity of the tanks above the level of suction
point shall be minimum 4 hrs aggregate capacity of the pumps. Where make up
water supply system is 50% or more this storage capacity may be reduced to 3 hrs
“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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of aggregate capacity of pumps.

(ii) Storage tank / reservoir shall be in two interconnected compartments to facilitate

cleaning and repairs. In case of steel tanks there shall be a minimum of two tanks.

13.1.6 FIRE WATER PUMPS :

(i) Centrifugal fire water pumps shall be installed to meet the designed fire water flow
rate and head. Pump shall have flooded suction.

(ii) Motor driven Jockey pump (not more than 10 M3 / Hr. of water flow) shall be
installed to maintained the fire network pressure at 7.0 Kg/ Cm2 at farthest end of
the network.

(iii)The fire water pumps including the stand by pumps shall be diesel driven. Where
electric supply is reliable 50% of the pumps may be motor driven. Pump shall be
capable of discharging 150% of its rated discharge at a minimum of 65% of rated
head. Each engine shall have an independent fuel tank of suitable size for 6 hrs
continuous running.

(iv)A minimum of 50% stand by pump(s) (minimum one no) of the same type and
capacity as the main pumps shall be provided.

(v) The fire water pumps shall be provided with automatic starting facilities.

13.1.7 FIRE HYDRANT NETWORK :

(i) Fire water ring main shall be sized for 120% of the design water flow rate. Velocity
of the water shall not exceed more than 5 m/s in the fire water ring main. In case of
sea water service, the fire water main pipes shall ne concrete / mortar lined
internally.

(ii) Fire water ring main shall be laid above ground at a height of 300 mm to 400 mm
above finished ground level.

(iii) The mains shall be supported at regular intervals not exceeding 6 mtrs. For pipeline
size less than 150 mm diameter, support interval shall not be more than 3 M.

(iv) The ring main may be laid underground at the following places :

(a) Road crossings

(b) Where above ground piping is likely to cause obstruction to operation, vehicle
movement and likely to get mechanical damage.

(v) The main shall have 1 mtr earth cushion in open ground and 1.5 mtr cushion under
“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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the roads.

(vi) The underground fire water network shall be provided with suitable coating /
wrapping or concrete / masonry.

(vii) Double headed hydrants with two separate landing valves on 3” / 4” stand post shall
be used. All hydrant outlets shall be 1.2 mtr above ground level.

(viii) Fire water monitors shall be provided with independent isolation valves.

(ix) Hose Box with 2 Nos. of hoses and a nozzle shall be provided at each hydrant
points.

(x) The deluge valve shall be located at 15 mtrs. from the risk being protected. A fire
wall shall be provided for the protection of the deluge valve and for operating
personnel.

(xi) Fire Hydrants/ monitors shall be located at a minimum distance of 15 mtrs from the
hazardous facility / equipment. In case of buildings, this distance shall not be less
than 2 mtr and not more than 15 mtr from the face of building. Provisions of
hydrants within the building shall be provided in accordance with IS: 3844.

(xii) At least one hydrant post shall be provided for every 30 mtr of external wall
measurement or perimeter of the battery limit. Monitors shall be placed at 45 mtr
interval.

13.1.8 MEDIUM VELOCITY SPRINKLER SYSTEM :

The medium velocity spray system provided at all critical areas shall have spray
nozzles directed radially to the facilities intended for cooling at a distance of 0.6 mtr
from the surface of the equipment / facility. Only one type and size of spray nozzle
shall be used in a particular facility.

13.1.9 All spray nozzles shall be inspected for proper positioning, corrosion and cleaned if
necessary at intervals not more than 12 months or earlier based on actual experience.
Care shall be taken in positioning nozzles so that water spray does not miss the targeted
surface and reduce the efficiency or calculated discharge rate.

13.2 GAS MONITORING SYSTEM :

(i) The Gas Monitoring system shall be provided for early warning on build-up of
dispersed gas concentration below LFL (lower flammable level) limits. These
detectors for the gas monitoring system shall be located close to the potential source
of leakage.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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(ii) The control equipment shall be able to generate at least two alarms at different level
of LEL concentration.

(iii) The detectors shall be located at least 0.3 meter away from potential source of
leakage at height not more than 0.3 meter from the mounting level.

(iv) Detectors shall be placed in the pump shed and near scraper / filter, cold vent and
cold flare area.

(v) The inspection of the system shall be done at an interval of 1 month in which the
gas shall be released at all the detectors and performance of the system shall be
established. Detectors shall be calibrated every three months with known and
certified level of concentration.

(vi) Each station should have minimum 2 Nos. of spare detectors to facilitate immediate
replacement.

13.3 FIRE ALARM SYSTEM :

(i) Manual call points shall be provided at strategic operating locations.

(ii) Electric operated fire sirens audible 1 KM from the periphery of the plant shall be
installed.
(iii)Manual operated fire sirens shall be provided at strategic places.
(iv)Smoke detectors shall be provided in control room, MCC, utility room with provision
of indication, alarm & annunciation.

13.4 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS :

All materials used in fire water system using fresh water shall be of the type indicated
below:

a) Pipes - Carbon Steel (CS) IS: 3589 / IS: 1239 / IS: 1978 or Composite materials as per
API 15 LR / API 15 HR or its equivalent shall be used.

In case saline / brackish water / treated effluent water is used, the fire water main of steel
pipes shall be, internally cement mortar lined or glass reinforced epoxy coated or made of
pipe material suitable for the quality of water. Alternatively, pipes made of composite
materials shall be used.

Cast lron pipes shall not be used for fire water services.

b) Isolation valve, Deluge Valve, - Gate / butterfly type isolation valve with open / close
indication made of cast steel. Other material such as cupro-nickel for saline / brackish
water may be used.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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c) Hydrant Stand post, Monitors – Carbon Steel / Gunmetal.

d) Outlet valves/ landing valves- Gunmetal / Aluminium/ Stainless steel / Aluminium-Zinc

alloy.

e) Fire Hose- Reinforced rubber lined hoses (63 mm), 15 mtr standard length conforming to
IS: 636 (type A) / Non percolating synthetic hose (Type B) / UL or equivalent standard.

f) The above ground fire water main, hydrant post shall be painted with corrosion resistant
“fire Red” paint as per IS: 5.

g) Water monitors, hydrant point and hose box shall be painted “ Luminous Yellow” as per
IS: 5

13.5 FIRST AID & FIRE FIGHTING EXTINGUISHERS :

The fire extinguishers shall be provided at various locations as under:

(i) LPG Pump Houses - 1 x 10 Kg DCP / 50 m2

(ii) Office/ Canteen/Stores- 2 x 10 Kg DCP in each building.

(iii) MCC/DG Room/HT room- 2 x 4.5 Kg CO2 in each room or per 100 m2 floor area. 4
sand buckets & stand shall be provided in DG room.

(iv)100% spare for CO2 cartridges and 50% DCP cartridges shall be stored.

(v) One No. Mobile 75 Kg DCP fire extinguisher shall be provided in LPG pump house.

(vi) A trolley containing first aid fire protective accessories shall also be provided.

13.6 HOSES, NOZZLES AND ACCESSORIES :

(i) Minimum 2 Nos. or 25% spare hoses shall be stored.

(ii) In addition to the nozzles provided in the hose boxes there shall be one set of
spare nozzles for each category viz., Jet Nozzle with branch pipes, Fog Nozzle,
Universal Nozzle, water curtain Nozzle and spray nozzle.

(iii)The following accessories / first aid items shall be provided in each pump,
intermediate and pipeline terminal station :

(a) Fire hoses – 2 nos. / per hose box / per hydrant point.
(b) Safety helmets-1 no./person (min 10 nos.).
(c) Stretcher with blanket- 2 Nos.
“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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(d) First aid box - 2 nos.

(e) Rubber hand gloves for electrical purpose - 2 nos.
(f) Low temperature rubber hand gloves - 4 pairs.
(g) Low temperature protective clothing - 2 sets.
(h) Fire proximity suit - 1 no.
(i) Resuscitator - 2 Nos.
(j) Red / green flags – 1 set.
(k) Self-contained breathing apparatus with one spare cylinder (cap 30 min) – 1
no.
(l) Water jel blanket- 2 nos.
(m)Portable Gas detectors/ Explosive meter – 2 Nos.

Inspection of fire fighting equipment and system shall be carried out in line with OISD-
STD-142.

13.7 Emergency shutdown (ESD) push-button system :

Emergency shutdown push-button system shall be provided at vantage points in the

operating area. In case of emergency in supplier’s company ESD shall actuate the
following:

- Remote Operated Valve (ROV) on the custody transfer line to the consumer will close.
- Shut down all other facilities as incorporated in the designed.

Additionally, push buttons for initiating all the above actions shall be provided on remote
operating panel and also in field at safe location for enabling manual actuation of a trip
by operator. In the field, manual bypass valves of fire water deluge valves shall also be
provided. Arrangement to routinely test the security system shall also be provided.

13.8 Windsock :

Windsock shall be provided on an appropriately elevated structure like the control room /
fire-water pump house in such a manner so as to avoid blind areas.

13.9 Emergency power supply :

Emergency lighting shall be provided for the operating areas & control room in line with
OISD-StTD-149 & OISD-STD-173 provisions.

13.10 Communication system :

(i) Communication system like telephone / PA or paging, walkie-talkie, optical fibre cable
based communication system shall be provided.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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(ii) In hazardous area, flame –proof / intrinsically safe telephones shall be provided.

(iii)Wherever possible Hot line connection between city fire Brigade / nearby major
industries shall be provided.

(iv)Effective communication system shall be provided between supplier and consumer

company.

(v) All intermediate stations including SV stations shall be linked with a reliable and
proven communication system. Security at unmanned valve stations shall be trained to
deal with communication in normal & emergency situations.

13.11 MARKERS :

13.11.1 Pipeline markers shall be provided on each side of road, railway crossing, water
crossings and at a maximum spacing of 1 km along the right of way of the remainder
of the buried pipeline along the right of way.

13.11.2 At the entrance to all pipeline stations, caution signs to be displayed indicating
hazardous area, name of the operating company emergency telephone contact nos.
etc.,

14.0 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS :

14.1 Emergency Plan :

The emergency plan is to be based on maximum credible risk scenarios as specified in

the OISD-STD– 168 on “Emergency preparedness plan for marketing location of oil
industry”. It shall cover the following:

(i) Geographical area covered, the number and sizes of the pipeline systems involved,
and the normal operating conditions, including pressure and rate flow.

(iii) Written instructions and procedures to be adhered to in case of an emergency.

Understanding of the same by the operational staff.

(iv) Instrumentation, control equipment and communication to enable the controller to

direct all operations related to emergency.

(v) Warning on delay of abnormal operating conditions.

(vi) Roles of all organizations involved & periodic meetings to be conducted to ensure
integration in terms of resource mobilisation, response & resolving issues having
mutual responsibility during emergency.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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14.2 Basis of Emergency Plan :

The emergency plan shall be prepared based on the following and shall be approved by
respective factory inspector and district authorities under their jurisdiction.
a) Risk Analysis & HAZOP Study :

Detailed HAZOP & operability study to be conducted involving design, operation &
maintenance group to identify the likely deviations in the operating parameters from
the designed level & corrective measures incorporated.

Risk analysis & HAZOP study to be reviewed & updated at regular intervals.

Such studies shall be carried out for the pipeline section under each station & merged
with the overall plan.

b) Risk scenarios :

Release of LPG leading to spillage, vapour cloud formation, fire & explosion shall be
considered for various scenarios along with their method of containing.

c) Flow balance record :

A regular flow balance record shall be maintained preferably automatically, to assist

detection of leakage.

d) Organization structure :

Emergency organization structure shall be drawn encompassing individual section i.e.

pumping, pipeline & receipt & dovetailed to form an integrated organization
structure having chain of command, communication & control system so that action
can be initiated as fast as possible.

e) Responsibility :

Responsibility of all concerned to be clearly defined, particularly where there is an

interface between the supply & the receiving company. The transferring & the
receiving organizations shall make mutual agreements for this purpose. Such plans
shall be updated on yearly basis to manage the change in rules, equipment, process,
technology, procedures, manpower etc.

14.3 Emergency Control Centres :

(i) Designated emergency control centres shall be constituted at the main terminal,
booster stations & receiving terminals with round the clock communication link
“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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among them. Emergency organisation structure with actions to be taken in case of

an emergency, shall be displayed in the control centres and documented. Each SV
station shall be attached with nearest emergency control centres. Emergency contact
nos. with action in case of emergency shall be displayed in SV stations and along
the pipe line route.

(ii) Emergency control centres will be established at the following stations:

a. Main pipeline terminal

b. Pump stations
c. LPG Receipt Terminal

(iii) Names of contact personnel will be declared for following stations.

a) Main pumping station
b) Booster station
c) SV station
d) Receipt terminal

(iv) List of fire stations with contact persons, telephone nos. along the pipeline route
shall be prepared and maintained at each station. Information with regard to the
system & emergencies to be handled to be shared with the local fire stations &
coordination to be maintained on regular basis for this purpose.

(v) Written mutual aid plan shall be drawn between the supplier & consumer
organizations & reviewed periodically.

(vi) Periodic meetings, at least once in a quarter shall be organized between the supply &
receiving organizations to deliberate & resolve the issues related to safety, operation
& emergency systems & corrective measures shall be instituted.
14.4 Emergency Training :

i. All operational staff should be properly trained to handle normal and emergency
situations.
ii. Induction, detailed & refresher training shall be imparted to the operating,
maintenance, security staff in handling of emergency situations.
iii. Emergency booklets shall be prepared covering emergency action at each work
station & issued to all concerned personnel.

14.5 EMERGENCY MOCK DRILL :

Regular mock drill shall be conducted as per approved emergency plan at all the above
stations. Deficiencies identified & corrective action taken shall be documented.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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In addition to independent mock drills by the supplier & the consumer organization,
combined drills shall be organized once in six months to test the efficacy of response in
emergency situations. Performance & findings of combined emergency drills shall be
shared & documented between the organizations to sustain emergency preparedness at
the highest level.

Offsite mock drill at least once in a year to be conducted involving district authorities
and local statutory bodies and observation, deficiencies and records to be maintained.

15.0 PIPELINE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE :

15.1 Operating Procedures :

A comprehensive operating manual shall be developed which shall include following:

i. System Description
ii. Operation set points
iii. Initial start up
iv. Normal operations
v. Normal shut down procedure
vi. Temporary operations
vii. Execution of emergency shutdown in a safe & timely manner
viii. Emergency shut down
ix. Conditions under which emergency shutdown is required
x. Emergency operations

15.2 DISPLAY OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS :

The gist of operating instructions, emergency shutdown (ESD), Trip set pressures shall
be displayed in the control room and near all important operating equipment

15.3 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE :

A detailed maintenance procedure shall be developed for entire pipeline system

considering the recommendation given by original equipment manufacturer bearing in
mind the local conditions. To facilitate the maintenance services to be rendered in a
planned manner, a preventive maintenance schedule covering necessary work to be done,
mentioning the periodicity i.e. daily, weekly, monthly, half yearly and yearly schedule
shall be worked out and adhered to.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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15.3.1 Pipeline Repair :

(a) Repairs shall be covered by a maintenance plan and shall be performed under
qualified and trained personnel familiar with hazards to public safety, utilization of
proper equipment and repair material. This shall be done in line with AMSE B 31.4,
API Publication 2200, API 1104 and API RP 1111. Approvals, procedures and
special consideration as per API Publication 2201 shall be observed for welding as
well as hot tapping on pipeline, vessels or tanks which are under pressure. Piping in
the vicinity of repair shall be adequately supported during and after the repair.

(b) If an inert fluid is used to temporarily displace the liquid in the pipeline system for
the purpose of repair, a detailed procedure containing the following shall be
prepared.

(i) Maximum flow rate.

(ii) Pressure
(iii) Injection temperature
(iv) Disposal of the liquid.
(v) Safety procedure

(c) Dents meeting any of the following condition shall be removed or repaired.

(i) Dents which affect the pipe curvature.

(ii) Dents containing a scratch, gouge or groove.
(iii) Dents exceeding a depth of 6 mm in NPS 4” and smaller or 6% of nominal
pipe diameter in sizes greater than NPS 4.
(iv) Dents containing external corrosion where remaining wall thickness is less
than 87.5% of that of required for design.

(d) All pipes containing leak shall be removed or repaired.

(e) Pipeline shall be repaired by any one of the following:

(i) By cutting out cylindrical piece of pipe containing the defect and replacing the
same with a pre tested pipe of minimum 2 meter length of meeting the required
pipe specification.
(ii) By installing full encirclement welded split sleeves to contain internal pressure
and shall have a design pressure of not less than the pipe being repaired. This
shall be fully welded both circumferentially and longitudinally. Length of full
encirclement split sleeves shall not be less than 100 mm.

(f) In case of repair of coated pipe, all damaged coating shall be removed and new
coating shall be applied to replacement pieces of pipe, welded patches and full
encirclement welded split sleeves used in making repairs.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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15.3.2 Right of Way Maintenance :

(a) There shall be proper maintenance of Right of Way to have clear visibility and to give
reasonable access to maintenance crews.

(b) Valve location access shall be properly maintained.

(c) To protect against washouts on the line and erosion of the landowner’s property,
diversion, ditches or dykes shall be maintained wherever required.

15.3.3 Patrolling :

(a) A periodic pipeline patrolling program should be maintained for the R.O.W by the
operating company to observe surface conditions, leakage, construction activity,
encroachments, soil washouts and any other factors affecting the safety and
operation of the pipeline.

(b) Periodic inspection shall be carried out for underwater crossings for sufficiency of
cover, accumulation of debris, or for any other condition affecting the safety and
security of the crossings.

(c) Patrolling of On-shore LPG Cross Country Pipelines shall be carried out once in a
week.

(d) Line Walk by the official of the company at least once in a year is required to be
conducted after the monsoon.

(e) The operating company shall analyse the existing pipeline for new anticipated
external loads, when the pipeline is to be crossed by a new road or railroad. The
operating company shall install mechanical reinforcement, structural protection, or
suitable pipe, in case the design parameters considered are exceeding in order to
ensure redistribution of the external loads acting on the pipeline.

15.4 PIGGING :

(i) Scrapper pigging is required to be done at least once in a year.

(ii) Intelligent pigging survey shall be carried out once in 10 yrs.
(iii) Muck/ contaminants should be chemically analysed and safely disposed as per relevant
statutory guidelines.

15.5 INSPECTION OF CATHODIC PROTECTION SYSTEM :

15.5.1 Pipe to Soil Potential (PSP) Readings shall be taken as follows:

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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i. PSP readings at feeding points shall be monitored fortnightly.

ii. The PSP reading (ON potential) at the test lead points for entire pipeline shall be
taken once in a quarter. The PSP survey results shall be plotted graphically to
identify and locate cathodic holidays.

iii. Instant pipe to soil “OFF” potential readings at test lead points of entire pipeline
shall be taken once in a year. For the purpose of logging the instant OFF PSP, care
shall be taken to minimize the effect of polarization decay, by logging the reading
within the first 1 second of simultaneous GPS Synchronized switching off all
Cathodic protection station affecting that section of the pipeline. CPTR Cycle shall
be set at 16 seconds ON / 4 seconds OFF to minimize pipeline polarization.

iv. The ON / OFF PSP survey data along with Pearson survey or CAT / DCVG survey
and soil resistivity & soil chemical analysis data shall be plotted graphically in one
page / sheet to identify coating holidays.

15.5.2 The criteria of protection shall be as under :

(i) Pipe to soil potential of at least (-) 0.85 volts with respect to copper/copper sulphate
half-cell. In areas where anaerobic bacteria are active, minimum PSP shall be more
negative than – 0.95 volts instead of – 0.85 volts.

(ii) A minimum of 100 mV of cathodic polarization between the structure surface and a
stable reference electrode containing the electrolyte. The formation of decay of
polarization can be measured to satisfy this condition.

(iii) Over protection of coated pipelines shall be avoided by ensuring that polarisation
potential is not more negative than (-) 1.2 volts with respect to copper/copper
sulphate half cells.

(iv) The instant OFF PSP at the TLPs should not be less than (-) 0.85 volt / (-) 0.95 volt
and more than (-) 1.2 volt.

(v) Such measurement wherever influenced by multiple pipelines in the same ROW /
ROU to be valid after switching off the other pipeline.

15.5.3 Current consumption data shall be taken once in a year at the test stations where current
measurement facility exist.

15.5.4 Cathodic protection rectifiers shall be inspected once in three months.

15.5.5 All protective devices shall be inspected once in three months.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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15.5.6 Interference bonds shall be inspected once a year.

15.5.7 Polarization cells [electrolytic type] shall be inspected every three (3) months and
electrolyte level top up to be done after every Inspection.

15.5.8 At the crossing location of one pipeline with other pipeline, current and PSP data shall
be taken once in 3 months.

15.6 COATING SURVEY :

15.6.1 Close Interval Potential survey (CIPS) or Continuous Potential Logging (CPL) “On” &
“Off” survey for every meter of pipeline ROW should be carried out once in five
years.

15.6.2 Coating survey i.e. Pearson / Current Attenuation Test (CAT) / Direct Current Voltage
gradient (DCVG) Survey shall be carried at probable coating defect location identified
by CPL survey once in 5 years. The type of survey should be decided based on
coating condition. In case CAT survey is selected, it shall be done at intervals of 50m.

15.6.3 Survey Results to be collated as Status Report and compared with Original Post
Commissioning survey results.

15.7 Insulating joints and couplings shall be inspected once in a year.

15.8 BACK UP POWER FOR CP SYSTEM :

Where ever the availability of power supply from State Electricity Board to the CP
system is not reliable suitable back up power (battery bank / Inverter / DG) shall be
provided so as to provide minimum 90 % time power to C.P system.

15.9 INSPECTION OF PIPE, VALVES AND FITTINGS :

(a) Whenever any pipe or component in a piping system can be visually examined internally
or pipe or components are removed from a piping system for any reason, the internal
surfaces shall be inspected for evidence of corrosion and if corrosion is found, the
adjacent pipe or component shall be examined. Discovery of active corrosion, general
pitting of the pipe or component surface, or a leak caused by corrosion shall be
investigated further to determine the cause and extent of the corrosion and further steps
shall be taken or augmented to mitigate corrosion.

(b) Inspection of pipes, valves and fittings shall be carried out as per OISD-STD 130.

15.10 Control and Protective Equipment Periodic inspections and maintenance shall be
carried out for controls and protective equipment, including pressure limiting devices,

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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regulators, controllers, relief valves, and other safety devices in accordance with OEM
and following OISD Standards:

Pumps : OISD –STD-119

Compressors : OISD – STD-120
Pressure Limiting Devices: OISD –STD-132

15.11 DOCUMENTATION :

The following records shall be maintained for operation and maintenance purposes :

(a) All records as per clause 11.4 of this document.

(b) Necessary operation data
(a) Pipeline patrolling records
(b) Records and maps showing the location of CP facilities and piping.
(c) CP monitoring report, test and survey reports.
(d) Leak and burst records
(e) Records pertaining to routine or unusual inspections, such as external or internal
line conditions
(f) Pipeline repair records
(g) History cards of equipment.
(h) Near miss, minor and major incidents.

16.0 PIPELINE INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT (PIM) :

16.1 A comprehensive manual containing program & practices shall be developed for
existing pipeline / after construction of the new pipeline to manage pipeline integrity
taking into consideration consequence classification / category of pipeline, and risk
involved in each segment of the pipeline.

16.2 The integrity management program framework shall take into consideration continual /
periodic assessment & an evaluation process as to its effectiveness of the current health
of the pipeline & to prevent any failure in future.

16.3 The integrity management program shall have following basic elements taking into
consideration specificity & merit involved case to case basis:

(a) Classification of consequence zones/mapping of the pipeline & updated

documentation,

(b) Analysis that integrates all available information on the pipeline operation, inspection,
surveillance, patrolling, incidents and the consequences of a failure, criteria for
remedial measures,

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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(c) A continual process of assessment & documentation and evaluation to maintain a

pipeline integrity,

(d) Identification of preventive & protective measures to protect high consequence areas.

(e) Methods to determine program’s effectiveness,

(f) Process of review of results by a person qualified to evaluate the results.

16.4 Prompt action shall be taken to address all anomalous conditions that is discovered
through the integrity assessment or information analysis, surveillance /patrolling etc.

16.5 To maintain safe operating conditions in case of a an adverse conditions detected,

pipeline should be shut down until the required repairs are completed and clearance for
operation is given.

16.6 In addressing all conditions, health & integrity status, all anomalous conditions of
operations which could reduce the integrity of the pipeline should be evaluated and
remedial action to be taken.

16.7 The methods selected to assess the integrity of the pipeline initially shall be one and / or
combination of the following :

(a) Internal inspection tool or tools capable of detecting corrosion and deformation
anomalies including dents, gouges, grooves e.g., Geometric Survey.

(b) Hydrostatic Pressure test conducted in accordance with clause 11.1 of this document.

16.8 The integrity assessment schedule shall be based on all risk factors that reflect the risk
conditions on the pipeline segment.

16.9 The integrity assessment during the lifetime shall consist of an initial (base line) &
continual assessment.

16.10 The factors to be considered for risk are:

(a) Results of previous integrity assessment,

(b) Coating type and condition
(c) Leak history
(d) Repair history
(e) Cathodic protection history

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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16.11 System should be available for detecting leaks of pipeline system. The capability of the
leak detection system shall be evaluated and modified if necessary.

*****

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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17.0 REFERENCES :

This standard shall be read in conjunction with the following standards, codes and
publications:

i. ASME B.31.4 – Pipeline Transportation System for Liquid Hydrocarbons, Liquid Petroleum
Gas, Anhydrous Ammonia and Alcohols.
ii. ASME B.31.3 - Process Piping for petroleum refineries, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile,
paper, semiconductor, cryogenic plants and related processing plants and terminals.
iii. API – 2510 – Design and Construction of LPG Installation
iv. API 1102 - Recommended Practice for Liquid Petroleum Pipelines Crossing Railroads and
Highways.
v. API 1104 - Standard for Welding Pipelines and Related Facilities.
vi. API 1107 - Recommended Pipeline Maintenance Welding Practices.
vii. API 1109 - Recommended Practice for Marking Liquid Petroleum Pipeline Facilities.
viii. API 1110 - Recommended Practice for Pressure Testing of Liquid Petroleum Pipelines.
ix. API 2200 - Repairs to Crude Oil, Liquefied Petroleum Gas and Products Pipelines.
x. API 2201 - Procedure for Welding or Hot Tapping on Equipment Containing
Flammables.
xi. API 2209 - Pipeline Plugging Practices.
xii. API 500C - Classification of Locations For Electrical Installations at Pipeline Transportation
Facilities.
xiii. ASME - Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Division 1 Pressure Vessels,
Section VIII Division 2 Alternate Rules for Pressure Vessels, and Section IX – Welding
Qualifications
xiv. MSS-SP-50 - Pipe Hangers and Supports Materials, Design and Manufacture.
xv. MSS-SP-69 - Pipe Hangers and Supports - Selection and Application.
xvi. NACE-RP-01-69 - Recommended Practice Control of External Corrosion on Underground
or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems.
xvii. NACE-RP-01-75 - Recommended Practice - Control of Internal Corrosion in Steel Pipelines
Systems.
xviii. OISD –STD-118 - Lay out of Oil and Gas Installation
xix. OISD –STD-119 - Inspection of Pumps
xx. OISD –STD-120 - Inspection of Compressors
xxi. OISD –STD-128 - Inspection of Pressure Vessels.
xxii. OISD –STD-130 - Inspection of Pipes, Valves and Fittings.
xxiii. OISD –STD-132 - Inspection of Pressure Relieving Devices.
xxiv. OISD –STD-137 - Inspection of Electrical Equipment.
xxv. OISD –STD-141 - Design and Construction requirements for cross country hydrocarbon
pipelines.
xxvi. OISD –STD-142 - Inspection of Fire Fighting Equipment.
xxvii. OISD-STD- 144 – Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) Installations.
xxviii. OISD –RP-149 - Design aspect for safety in Electrical system
xxix. OISD-STD- 153 - Maintenance and Inspection of Safety Instrumentation.
xxx. OISD-GDN- 178 – Guidelines on Management of Change

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from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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SPECIFICATION OF LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GASES (LPG)

IS: 4576: 1999

S.N. Characteristics Requirement for LPG Method of Test

Ref to
1 Vapour Pressure @ 400 C, Kpa, 1050 D : 1267
gauge max ( See note 1) (See Note 2)
2 Composition, liquid mole percentage D : 2163
a) C 2 Hydrocarbons Report
b) C 3 Hydrocarbons Report
c) C 4 Hydrocarbons Report
d) C 5 Hydrocarbons & heavier 2.5 Max
e) Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Report
OR
Volatility:
Evaporate temperature in 0 C., for 95 2 D : 1837
percent by volume. @ 760 mm
pressure , Max
3 Total Volatile Sulphur, ppm, Max 150 D : 2784
D: 3246

4 Copper Strip Corrosion @ 380 C for Not worse than 1 D : 1838

1 hr
5 Hydrogen Sulphide pass
D :2420
( Note 3)
6 Free water content None Visual
ASTM test method shall be followed till ‘P’ of IS 1448 methods under revision are finalized.

NOTES:

1. Vapour pressure may be determined at any other temperature and converted to 400 C by means
of suitable vapour pressure- temperature graph. The same can also be determined by analysing
the gas by means of gas chromatograph & then using the composition, the vapour pressure can
be calculated @ 400 C from the standard value of vapour pressure at various temperatures.
2. Each consignment of commercial Butane – propane mixture shall be designed by its maximum
vapour pressure in Kpa at 400 C. Further, if purchaser and the supplier agreed, the minimum
vapour pressure of that mixture shall not be lower than 200 kpa gauge compared to the
designated maximum vapour pressure and in any case the minimum for the mixture shall not
lower than 520 Kpa at 400 C.
3. ‘Pass’ test indicates Hydrogen sulphide not more than 5 ppm.
4. Subject to agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, odour requirements of LPG may
be changed for certain applications where unodourised LPG is required.
5. Product shall contain minimum 20 ppm ethyl mercaptan at the first dispatching location to
ensure the detection of odour. To detect the odour, the following procedure may be adopted:
5 ml Doctor Solution + 8ml Iso-octane+pinch of sulphur powder in 25 ml stoppered cylinder.
Shake and add 2 ml LPG Aq). Shake slowly by releasing pressure. Odour is adequate if sulphur
turns yellowish brown. P: 75 odour test method may also be acceptable as an alternate method.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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SPECIFICATION OF LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES (LPG) FOR

AUTOMOTIVE PURPOSE
IS: 14861: 2000

S.N. Characteristics Requirement Method of Test

Ref to
1 Vapour Pressure @ 400 C, Kpa, Min : 520 (See Note 2) ISO : 4256
gauge max ( See note 1) Max : 1050
2 C3 Hydrocarbons and heavier , mole 2.0 ASTM D : 2163
percent, Max
3 Dienes ( as 1 : 3 Butadiene) mole
percent Max 0.5 ISO 7941
4 Total Volatile Sulphur,( After 150 ASTM D: 3246
stanching) ppm, Max

5 Copper Strip Corrosion @ 400 C for Class 1 ISO : 6251

1 hr, Max
6 Hydrogen Sulphide Pass the test ISO : 8819

7 Evaporation residue, mg/Kg, Max 100 ISO : 13757

8 Free water content Nil ASTM E 700
(Note 3)
9 Motor octane number (MON), Min 88 ISO 7941 +
Annex A
10 Odour Unpleasant and ( Note 4 and 5)
distinctive down to 20
percent lower explosive
limit(LEL)

NOTES:
1 Vapour pressure may be determined at any other temperature and converted to 400 C by means
of suitable vapour pressure- temperature graph. The same can also be determined by analysing
the gas by means of gas chromatograph & then using the composition, the vapour pressure can
0
be calculated at 40 C from the standard value of vapour pressure at various temperatures.
2 In winter, the gauge vapour pressure requirement shall be minimum 700 kPa at 400 C. winter
period shall be from 1st November to 15th February.
3 The water content shall be determined at the Refinery / first dispatching station.
4 Product shall contain minimum 20 ppm ethyl mercaptan at the first dispatching location to
ensure the detection of leakage by odour.
5 To detect the odour, the following procedure may be adopted
5 ml Doctor Solution + 8 ml Iso-octane + pinch of sulphur in 25 ml stoppered cylinder. Shake and
add 2 ml LPG (Aq). Shake slowly by releasing pressure. Odour is adequate if sulphur turns
yellowish brown.

IS 1448 [P: 75] odour test method is also acceptable as an alternate method.

ISO / ASTM test method shall be followed till ‘P’ series of IS 1448 methods are
published.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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18.0 ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE -I
SCOPE OUTLINE
Refinery

Liquefaction Plants Bulk LPG

Storage Supply by Rail
LNG Plants LPG Road or Sea
Production
Chemical Plant

Pipeline
Originating STATION

SV
STATION

LPG Storage
Intermediate
Pump / Delivery LPG Installation
Station

Other process
Plant

IP
STATION

Other process Pipeline

Plant LPG Installation
Terminal

LEGEND
Boundary Limit outside this Standard

Units within Scope of this standard.

Cross country pipeline within Scope

Of this standard
Pipeline Not in Scope of this Standard.

Custody Transfer Points

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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ANNEXURE- II

MINIMUM INTERDISTANCES FOR VARIOUS STATION FACILITIES

S. From / To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No
1 Booster Pump House - 15 * 15 15 16 60 15 15 30 30
2 Mainline Pumps House 15 * - 15 15 16 60 15 15 30 30
3 Scraper Launcher 15 15 - x 16 30 15 15 15 30
4 Scraper Receiver 15 15 x - 16 30 15 15 15 30
5 Control Room 16 16 16 16 - 30 15 30 30 -
6 Fire Pump House / Fire water 60 60 30 30 30 - - 60 12 -
storage tanks
7 Water Spray Deluge Valve 15 15 15 15 15 - - 15 - 15
8 Cold Flare 15 15 15 15 30 60 15 - 15 30
9 Compound wall 30 30 15 15 30 12 - 15 - 15
10 Elect Substation, 30 30 30 30 - - 15 30 15 -

*- In case Booster pumps and Mainline pumps are located in two different pump shed
x- Any distance suitable for constructional and operation convenience.
1. All distances are in metres. All distances shall be measured between the nearest points on the perimeter of
each facility
2. For other station facilities not covered in the above shall be governed by OISD-STD-144 and OISD- STD-
118.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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ANNEXURE-III
SCHEMATIC LAYOUT OF A PUMPING STATION
MOV SRB SLB
M M

MOV MOV
M
STRAINER
MOV
M MOV
TSV M
MOV

M
PCV

M
MOV
TSV
MOV
M
STRAINER
M P PG, PS, PT
MOV

MOV- motor operated Valve P

TSV- Thermal Safety Valve
PCV- Pr. Control Valve M/L PUMP
SLB- Scraper Launcher Barrel
SRB- Scraper Receiver Barrel
PG- Pr. Gauge
PS- Pressure Switch
PT- Pressure Transmitter

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from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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ANNEXIURE -V

TYPICAL INTERMEDIATE PIGGING STATION -

From - To Terminal
To TEG

AV AV

IJ IJ

MOV MOV

FLOW FLOW
TEE TEE

Blow

BALL GLOBE LPG FLOW

VALVE VALVE DIRECTION

TS GATE
V VALVE TEG-THERMO
ELECTRIC
GENERATOR
“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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ANNEXURE - VI

MANIFOLD PG /TG TYPICAL MANUAL SV STATION

PG Utility Connection – 2”
TG

AV
+
HPU

PG
TG 4” By pass Line

MANIFOLD FOR PG
Utility Connection – 2”
/TG

MAINLINE

Legends:
Gate Valve
Ball Valve

Globe Valve

Schematic Line Diagram

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from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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Annexure VII
TYPICAL REMOTE SVs
(with Mobile Flare Tapping)

Stem Extended Valve

PT

TT

Utility Connection – 2”
AV 2” I. J. Gasket

PRS Vaporizer TEG

( 2 nos.)
PT
TT

Legends:
___ Main Line
Gate Valve

HPU Ball Valve___ ” By Pass Line

Globe Valve___ 2” TEG Fuel Line

___ 4” Flare Line___ 4” Manifold
for PT/TT

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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Schematic Line Diagram

Annexure - VIII

ANNEXURE- -VIII
TYPICAL SCHEMATIC OF RECEIVING TERMINAL OF OMCS

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from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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Annexure-IX

(Clause 9.0.)

List of Specifications of Piping Materials used in liquid hydrocarbon Pipelines

Steel Pipe
API 5L Specification for Line pipes
ASTM A106 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service
ASTM A333 Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service
Valves
API 6D Pipeline Valves
ISO – 14313 Pipeline Valve specification
ASME B16.34 Valves Flanged, Threaded and Welding End
BS 5352 Specification for steel wedge gate, globe and check valves 50 mm
and smaller for the petroleum, petrochemical and allied
industries.
BS 5351 Specification for steel ball valves for the petroleum,
petrochemical and allied industries - Small Floating ball valve.
BS 1873 Specification for Steel globe and globe stop and check valves
(flanged and butt-welding ends) for the petroleum,
petrochemical and allied industries.
Flanges and Blanks
ASME B16.5 Steel pipe flanges and flanged fittings - Size up to 24" NB.
ASME B16.36 Orifice Flange
MSS SP-44 Steel Pipeline Flanges
API 590 Steel Line Blanks
Fittings
ASME B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt welding Fittings
MSS SP-75 Specification for High Test, Wrought, Butt Welding Fittings
MSS SP 97 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings - Socket
Welding,
Threaded and Butt welding Ends.
IS 1239 (PART 2) Steel Tubes, Tubular and Other Wrought Steel Fittings -
Specification -
Part 1: Mild Steel Tubular and other wrought steel pipe
fittings.
Stud Bolts and Nuts
ASTM A194 Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for
Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both.'
ASTM A193 Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel
Bolting
Materials for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and
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from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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Other
Special Purpose Applications
ASTM A153 Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and
Steel
Hardware.
ASME B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Inch Series.
ASME B18.2.2 Square and Hex Nuts.
Gaskets
ASME B16.20 Metallic gaskets for pipe flanges: Ring joint, Spiral wind and
Jacketed.
High Pressure SS Tubing and Fittings
ASTM A269 Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic
Stainless
Steel Tubing for General Service.
Pressure Safety Valve and Pressure measuring equipment
API 526 Flanged Steel Pressure Relief Valves
BS EN 837-1 Pressure gauges - Part 1: Bourdon tube pressure gauges;
dimensions,
metrology, requirements and testing.
BS EN 837-2 Pressure Gauges - Part 2: Selection and Installation
Recommendations for Pressure Gauges.
BS EN 837-3 Pressure gauges - Part 3: Diaphragm and capsule pressure
gauges; dimensions, metrology, requirements and testing.
Filters : ASME Section VIII Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”
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Annexure-X
(Clause- 7.4.7)

Flange joint
Pipe

Bolt

Metallic wire / strip connected across the flange

Figure-1 : Present Arrangement

Flange joint being opened

Succeeding Flange joint Preceding Flange joint

Figure-2 : Proposed measures to be taken during repair or maintenance.

Flexible copper cable/wire to be connected on the nearest succeeding
& preceding flange joint through crocodile clips.

“OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting
from the use of OISD Standards/Guidelines.”