PDF Salvador Minuchin Familias y Terapia Familiar DD
PDF Salvador Minuchin Familias y Terapia Familiar DD
NC G A K A C T
VLGCX FL _XAH@CBÃKAXAX Q
_TCHVAHC _XAH@CBCKAVAHC
Xl cirupcb lb lstc slhhaøb tçtuk`s fl psah`k`içc, psaquactrçc y psa
Xckvcf`r Gabuhmab
h`cbãkasas, sliúb ub hratlra` b` s`kcglbtl tlgãtah` sab` tcgdaáb
h`bhlptuck y halbtçnah`. Tlúbl kadr`s fl n`bf` flbtr` fl kc gãs
chtuck pr`fuhhaøb tlørahc lb kc tl`rçc psah`cbckçtahc y sus fas
tabtcs vlrtalbtls: psah`tlrcpac fl irup`s, cbãkasas abstatuha`bck,
mast`rac flk g`vagalbt` psah`cbckçtah`, lth., sab `gatar kcs cp`rtc
ha`bls fl kc kkcgcfc lshulkc kchcbacbc.
K\HA@ _ABE\X
NCGAKACX
Vl`rçc fl kc psah`tlrcpac cbckçtahc
cbckçtahc drlvl
XCK^CF@T
XCK^C F@T GAB\HMAB
Ncgakacs y tlrcpac ncgakacr
ncgakacr QNCGAKACT
VLTC_AC
KL@BCTF XGCKK
_sah`tlrcpacs drlvls
LFICTF
LFICTF@
@IIAKÇ
AKÇ Q _CH
_CHM@
M@ @F@BL
@F@BLKK
KK
Lkjuli`
HKC\FL KL I\LB
Kc prãh tahc flk gát
gát`f`
`f` psah`cbc
psah `cbc kçtah`
kçtah `
BCBHQ HM@F@T@Y
Lk ljlrhaha` fl kc gctlrbafcf
NLTBCBF@ F@ICBC
_=Çh`pct`miçc flk
flk h`bsug` h`tafacb`
GC\F GCBB@BA
Kc prag lrc lbtrlvas
lbtr lvas tc h`b lk psah`cbc
psah `cbc kastc
F.Y.YABBAH@VV
_sah`cbãkasas fl ubc baóc plqulóc (Vml _aiikl)
JCB LV GCKH@
GCKH@KG KG
_sah`cbãkasas: ubc pr`nlsaøb agp`sadkl lfat`rack
(saiul lb pãi. 8<<)
ÇBFAHL
ÇBFA HL
Vrcfuhhaøb: ^çht`r Nahmgcb
Fasló` fl hudalrtc:
hudalrtc: Hcrk`s T`kcbf` y Cs`hacf`s
@htcvc rlagprlsa
rlagprlsaøb,
øb, gcrz` flk 44??8
??8,, Dcrhlk`bc
3* Tlagprlsaøb lb Gáxah`, ci`st` flk 4??6
© Lfat`rack Ilfasc,
Ilfasc, X.C.
_csl` D`bcb`vc,
D`bcb`vc, 1 A - A
` c
AXDB: 1>=-=<4-?63-3 A^
\BC NCGAKAC FLK EADD\ VZ 3?=
Flpøsat` klick: D. 3394=-4??8
^
^lrfciulr, 3 - Hcplkkcfls (Dcrhlk`bc) AG_KAHCHA@BLX VLTC_Á\VAHCX FL
\B LBN@S\L LXVT\ HV\TC K 38=
Agprls` lb Gáxah`
_rabtlf ab Gáxah` ^A
KC NCGAKAC LB VLTC_AC 3><
Sulfc
Sulfc pr`mada
pr`madafc
fc kc rlpr`fuh
rlpr`fuhhaøb
haøb t`tck ` pcrhack p`r huckqualr glfa` fl ^AA
agprlsaøb, lb n`rgc afábtahc, lxtrchtcfc ` g`fanahcfc, lb hcstlkkcb` ` N@TGCHAØB
N@TGCHAØB FLK XAXVLGC VLTC_ Á\VAH @ 3=8
lb huckqualr `tr` afa`gc.
^AAA
KC TLLXVT\HV\TCHAØB FL KC NCGAKAC
A]
KC VÁHBAHC FLK XA, _LT@:
K@X XGAVM Q XCK^CF@T GAB\HMAB
]
KC VÁHBAHC FLK "XA Q'
K@X F@FFX Q HCTK C. YMAVCELT C ga pcfrl y c ga gcfrl,
qul gl lbslócr`b lk saibanahcf` fl kc ncgÛac,
]A
y c ga lsp` sc l maj` s
KC LBVTL^AXVC ABAHACK, qul cgpkacr`b ga lxplralbhac.
K@X I@TFLB Q DTC\KA@ G@BVCK^@
]AA
\B LBN@S\L K@BIAV\FABCK,
K@X DT@YB Q LK XCK^CF@T GAB\HMAB
CITCFLHAGALBV@X
33
38
_T@K@I@
_T@K@I @ _CTC
_CTC KC
LFAHA
LF AHAØB
ØB LX_
LX_CÓ@K
CÓ@KCC
3/<
lk tlrcplutc y k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac, h`g` abstruglbt` scrr`kkcf` ubc táhbahc tlrcpáutahc kkcgcfc "lshukturc fl ncga
fl hcgda` pcrc cgd`s. Kc tlrhlrc h`rralbtl talbl h`g` `djl kac" lb kc huck k`s galgdr`s flk irup` ncgakacr trcbsn`rgcb sus
tav` lk hcgda` flk sastlgc ncgakacr h`g` h`btlxt` s`hack y psa lg`ha`bls y plrhlpha`bls fl kc ncgakac lb ub hucfr` vav` lb
h`køiah` fl k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac, y lb kc tlrcpac lk qul t`f`s lxprlscb lb p`saha`bls lstãtahcs ` g`vagalbt`s h`r
ábncsas lstã lb kc trcbsn`rgchaøb fl k`s pr`hls`s abtlrplrs`bckls p`rckls ubc gltãn`rc lb trls faglbsa`bls fl kc vasaøb ncgakacr.
lb fasnubhaøb. Lstc táhbahc sl mc abh`rp`rcf` ck lbtrlbcgalbt` fl tlrcplutcs
Flshradará f`s irup`s lb hcfc h`rralbtl sagpklglbtl pcrc ncgakacrls lsplhackglbtl lb lk Abstatut` fl Vlrcpac Ncgakacr fl
fcr ck klht`r fl mcdkc maspcbc ubc vasaøb pcb`rãgahc, plr` ls D`st`b h`b Nrlf y D`by Fumk y lb lk Bche Ib h`b _liiy _cp.
hkcr` qul ástc ls ubc kastc guy pcrhack y lb ckiub`s csplht`s Lb ckiub`s hlbtr`s lstc táhbahc mc t`gcf` kc faglbsaøb lxc
b` ls kc gãs rlprlslbtctavc. ilrcfc fl lshulkc.
Flbtr` flk praglr irup` lstã lk Abstatut` fl Bctãb Chelr- @trc plrs`bc fl lstl irup` ls Hcra Ymatcelr, _r`nls`r fl
gcb lb Bulvc Q`re faraiaf` cm`rc p`r F`bckf Dk`hm qul ls kc \bavlrsafcf fl Yash`bsab, qul `hupc ubc p`sahaøb agp`r
tcgdaáb lk Lfat`r fl kc rlvastc "Ncgaky _r`hlss". Lstl irup` tcbtl h`g` lk Vlrcpastc fl k`s tlrcplutcs fl ncgakac. Mcdalbf`
huycs rcahls tl`rátahcs sl lbhulbtrcb lb k`s kadr`s fl Chelrgcb, trcdcjcf` guhm`s có`s h`b pchalbtls lsquaz`nrábah`s lb h`kcd`
ls nubfcglbtck
nubfcglbtckglbtl
glbtl lhkáht
lhkáhtah`.
ah`. Dk`hm mc lkcd`rcf` y lxpcbfa rchaøb h`b Gck`bl y Yarelbtab, lk Fr. Ymatcelr abh`rp`rø lb
f` h`bhlpt`s lshlbhackglbtl fabãgah`s h`g` kc aflc flk "li` sus táhbahcs fl trctcgalbt` kadlrtcf pcrc utakazcr t`s lstcf`s
p`rtcdkl''
fl pcrc lxpkahcr
kcs vasahatufls fl kc kcncgakac
h`btabuafcf flk abfavafu`
y mc abh`rp`rcf` lb ckc trcvás
lbsl lg`ha`bckls
pcrc ctchcr kcl raiaflz
abhkus` flk`skcspr`hls`s
flnlbscsarrcha`bckls flk tlrcplutc
fl k`s galgdr`s ncga
ócbzc lb su hlbtr` h`bhlpt`s lxastlbhackls y kcs táhbahcs fl kacrls.
lshukturc, flscrr`kkcf`s p`r ^. Xctar. Lk irup` fl sastlgc talbl lbtrl sus galgdr`s ck Flhcb`
@tr` galgdr` fl lstc h`rralbtl, A. D`szcrglbya Bciy, pr` fl k`s tlrcplutcs ncgakacrls, Gurrcy D`wlb fl kc Il`ril
nls`r lb kc \bavlrsafcf fl Mcmblgcbb lb Nakcflknac, mc fl Ycsmabit`b \bavlrsaty. D`wlb ls ub` fl k`s abb`vcf`rls lb
scrr`kkcf` ubc tl`rçc átahc fl kc ncgakac h`b rcahls Dudlracbcs. lk tlrrlb` fl kc tlrcpac ncgakacr. Mchl gãs fl 3? có`s D`wlb
Bciy lb su kadr` "Abvasadkl K`ycktals" pr`p`bl ub sastlgc m`spatckazcdc lb lk Abstatut` Bcha`bck fl Maialbl Glbtck
átah` fl `dkaicha`bls ncgakacrls qul sl flscrr`kkc c trcvás (B.A.G.M.), ncgakacs h`gpkltcs fl pchalbtls lsquaz`nrábah`s pc
fl kcs ilblrcha`bls. Lk suialrl qul lk trctcgalbt` ncgakacr ab rc lstufacr kc ncgakac h`g` ncht`r lta`køiah`. Úktagcglbtl D`
hkuyc p`r k` glb`s trls ilblrcha`bls h`b lk `djltav` fl kadl wlb mc abh`rp`rcf` lb lk lbtrlbcgalbt` kc ncgakac fl `railb
rchaøb abfavafuck c trcvás flk "pci`" fl kcs `dkaicha`bls abtlr flk lstufacbtl c tlrcplutc. Lk rlqualrl qul sus lstufacbtls
ncgakacrls. vulkvcb c sus ncgakacs fl `railb, lxpk`rlb lk pcscf` ncgakacr
Flbtr` flk irup` lxastlbhack kc naiurc gãs h`b`hafc ls mcstc f`bfl mcyc trczcs mastørahcs, y qul trctlb fl pr`fuhar
^. Xctar. ^. Xctar n`rgø pcrtl flk irup` `raiabck fl _ck` Ckt` hcgda`s ncv`rcdkls lb kcs rlkcha`bls fl k`s galgdr`s fl su
jubt`` h`b
jubt h`b F. Jche
Jches`b,
s`b, J. Mckl
Mcklyy y F2 Ylcek
Ylcekcbf
cbf y nul abn
abnkul
kulb
b ncgakac. Lstc táhbahc sl mc fanubfaf` y ls utakazcfc lb `tr`s
hacfc lbt`bhls p`r h`bhlpt`s fl sastlgc y h`gubahchaøb5 s` hlbtr`s.
drl lsc dcsl lkkc abh`rp`rø h`bhlpt`s Hlstcktastcs (c kc Nratz Lb lstl irup` lstã kc _makcflkpmac Hmakf Iuafcbhl Hkabah
_lrks) y táhbahcs fl irup`s fl lbhulbtr`. ^. Xctar mc fl- qul y` faraia p`r 3? có`s, f`bfl trcdcjcb lbtrl `tr`s Jcy Mcakly
3> 39
3= 31
c tlrcpac p`rqul ls tçgaf` y talbl lbsuló`s faurb`s lb hkcsl. naiurcs f` kc ncgakac. K`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac sl lbhulb
Ls ub s`katcra`, h`b fanahuktcfls pcrc rlkcha`bcrsl h`b sus h`g trcb prlslbtls, gulstrcb su h`bfuhtc lb rlkchaøb h`b lk baó`
pcólr`s. \b tlrcplutc qul trcdcjc lb slsa`bls abfavafuckls lx qul, csç, pulfl s`r flshraptc `plrcha`bckglbtl. Lk n`h` gãs
pk`rcrçc k`s plbscgalbt`s y slbtagalbt`s flk baó` chlrhc fl su cgpka` y kc gcy`r nklxadakafcf flk tlrcplutc cuglbtcb kcs
vafc prlslbtl y fl kcs plrs`bcs fl su glfa`, k`s flscrr`kk`s p`sadakafcfls fl abtlrvlbhaøb tlrcpáutahc. Lk tlrcplutc b` sl
mastørah`s fl lstl h`bnkaht` h`b sus pcfrls y mlrgcb`s, y kc kagatc c kc abtlrchhaøb fl kc ncgakac tck h`g` mc saf` abtlr
abtrusaøb h`gpuksavc fl lstl h`bnkaht` lb satucha`bls lxtrc- bckazcfc p`r lk baó`, sab` qul pulfl lxplraglbtcr p`r sç gasg`
ncgakacrls cpcrlbtlglbtl b` rlkcha`bcfcs h`b ák. Lstcdklhlrçc kc n`rgc lb qul k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac sl s`stalblb y
h`btcht` h`b kc ncgakac y kc lshulkc, plr` pcrc h`gprlbflr ck hckanahcb gutucglbtl. Flscrr`kkc lbt`bhls ubc tl`rçc abtlrch-
baó` y su rlkchaøb h`b su ncgakac sl dcscrçc nubfcglbtckglbtl ha`bck pcrc lxpkahcr lk nlbøglb` qul `dslrvc. Vcgdaáb pulfl
lb lk h`btlbaf` fl kc h`gubahchaøb flk baó` y lb k`s nlbøglb`s p`blrsl lb h`btcht` h`b kc lshulkc flk baó`, pulst` qul lk
trcbsnlrlbhackls. Xl h`bsaflrc, flbtr` fl lstc h`bhlphaøb, qul pr`dklgc prlslbtcf` sl rlkcha`bc h`b lk rlbfagalbt` lsh`kcr,
ubc g`fanahchaøb abtlrbc h`ibatavc-cnlhtavc h`bstatuyl lk pcs` y kcs tl`rçcs y táhbahcs fl kc tlrcpac fl ncgakacs h`bfuhlb guy
blhlscra` pcrc nchakatcr kc suplrchaøb flk pr`dklgc pkcbtlcf`. pr`bt` c trcdcjcr h`b lk abfavafu` lb h`btlxt`s fanlrlbtls flk
_`flg`s h`gpcrcr ck tlrcplutc qul trcdcjc h`b lstl gcrh` fl kc ncgakac.
fl rlnlrlbhac, h`b ub táhbah` qul utakazc ub vafra` fl cuglbt`. Fl lsl g`f`, lk tlrcplutc fl ncgakac b` dcsc sus h`bhlp
K`s fltckkls flk hcgp` s`b hkcr`s, plr` lk hcgp` lstã sugc ha`bls lb ubc plrs`bckafcf "lslbhack" qul plrgcblhlrçc ab-
glbtl rlfuhaf`. Ck tlrcplutc qul trcdcjc h`b lk gcrh` fl g`fanahcfc c trcvás fl kcs vahasatufls fl fanlrlbtls h`btlxt`s
rlnlrlbhac fl kc tlrcpac lstruhturck fl ncgakac k` p`flg`s h`g y harhubstcbhacs. H`bsaflrc ck baó` h`g` ub galgdr` fl fanl
pcrcr h`b ub táhbah` h`b klbtls ircfucdkls. _ulfl chlrhcrsl rlbtls h`btlxt`s s`hackls, chtucbf` y rlsp`bfalbf` lb su gcrh`.
hucbf` flslc lstufacr lk hcgp` abtrcpsçquah`, plr` tcgdaáb Xu h`bhlphaøb chlrhc fl kc k`hckazchaøb fl kc pct`k`içc ls
pulfl `dslrvcr h`b ub n`h` gãs cgpka`. guhm`` gãs
guhm gãs cgpkac y tcgdaáb k` s`b, h`bslhulbtlglbtl, kcs
Xa lk gasg` baó` nulsl lbvacf` c ub tlrcplutc ncgakacr, lk p`sadakafcfls fl abtlrvlbhaøb.
tlrcplutc lxpk`rcrçc sus abtlrchha`bls h`b k`s h`btlxt`s ag
p`rtcbtls fl su vafc. Lb kcs lbtrlvastcs h`b kc ncgakac, lk tl
rcplutc `dslrvcrçc kc rlkchaøb flk baó` h`b su gcfrl, h`b LK M@GDTL LB X\ H@BVL]V@
su glzhkc
hucbf` lk fl ubaøb
baó` y m`stakafcf.
mcdkc lb prlslbhacLs fl
p`sadkl
sus qul `dslrvl
pcfrls, rcrc qul
vlz Kc tlrcpac lstruhturck fl ncgakac, qul lstufac ck m`gdrl
sl farail c su pcfrl, ` qul, hucbf` k` mchl, talbfl c mchlrk` lb su h`btlxt` s`hack, nul flscrr`kkcfc lb kc sliubfc gatcf
c trcvás fl su gcfrl, qualb trcfuhl y lxpkahc c su maj` cbtl flk saik` vlabtl. Xl trctc fl ubc fl kcs gúktapkls rlspulstcs
su gcraf`. _ulfl `dslrvcr tcgdaáb qul k`s `tr`s mlrgcb`s ck h`bhlpt` fl m`gdrl h`g` pcrtl fl su glfa`, qul h`glb
pcrlhlb gãs lsp`btãbl`s, abtlrrugplb c k`s pcfrls y mcdkcb zø c fanubfarsl c h`galbz`s fl lstl saik`. Lk plbscgalbt`
tcbt` ck pcfrl h`g` c kc gcfrl. Fl lsl g`f`, lk tlrcplutc psah`fabãgah` abfavafuck sl lkcd`rø c pcrtar fl ubc h`bhlp
b` talbl qul flplbflr f` kcs flshrapha`bls flk baó` chlrhc fl haøb fanlrlbtl, kc flk m`gdrl h`g` már`l, qul saiul salbf`
su pcfrl, gcfrl y mlrgcb`s pcrc p`stukcr kc abtr`ylhhaøb fl kcs lk gasg` p`s` c kcs harhubstcbhacs. Lb lk _crcçs` plrfaf` cpc-
44 48
rlhl ub ljlgpk` fl lstc aflc. Hucbf` Xctcbãs ls flrr`tcf` lb lk ãrd`k p`r k`s mchmcz`s cbtlra`rls. Lstl pr`hls` cut`h`-
lb su rldlkaøb h`btrc Fa`s y crr`jcf` ck abnalrb`, flscnçc c rrlhtav` ls pr`fuhaf` p`r ub sastlgc t`tck, ãrd`k-`j`s-hlrldr`-
sus harhubstcbhacs: gúshuk`s-mchmc-i`kpl-ãrd`k, y ls lstl sastlgc t`tck lk qul
Vml gabf as ats `wb pkchl, cbf `n atslkn talbl kcs hcrchtlrçstahcs fl kc... glbtl" . Kc cbtaiuc aflc flk
6
Hcb gcel c Mlcv'b `n Mlkk, c Mlkk `n Mlcv'b • 3 abfavafu` qul chtúc s`drl su glfa` sl mc h`bvlrtaf` lb lstl
hcs` lb ubc h`bhlphaøb flk abfavafu` lb abtlrchhaøb h`b su
glfa`. _crcnrcslcbf` c @rtlic, ub m`gdrl b` ls ák gasg`
Lstc plrhlphaøb flk abfavafu` puf` plrfurcr lb ub gubf` sab sus harhubstcbhacs.
lb lk qul k`s rlhurs`s flk m`gdrl pcrlhçcb abnabat`s. Kc tlh
Kc gltãn`rc fl Dctls`b fl kc glbtl y kc agcilb p`átahc
b`k`içc g`flrbc g`fanahø lstc h`bhlphaøb. Kc talrrc yc b`
fl @rtlic chlrhc flk m`gdrl y sus harhubstcbhacs s`b h`rr`
cpcrlhl h`g` ub tlrrat`ra` sab kçgatls, qul lsplrc c su prltlb
d`rcfcs p`r lxplraglbt`s qul flg`strcr`b qul lk h`btlxt`
falbtl, sab` h`g` ubc h`sg`bcvl huy`s rlhurs`s fasgabuylb. abnkuyl farlhtcglbtl s`drl lk pr`hls` abtlrb` fl kc glbtl.
Lst`s h`bhlpt`s sl rlnkljcb lb kcs plrhlpha`bls flk m`gdrl _`r ljlgpk`, lk blurøk`i` J`sá Flkicf`, qul rlckazø lxpl-
chlrhc fl sç gasg` y fl su n`rgc fl slr. ralbhacs agpkcbtcbf` lklhtr`f`s lb k`s hlrldr`s fl cbagckls,
Qc lb 3136 @rtlic y Hcsslt lshradçc: "Q` s`y y` y ga har flg`strø lb n`rgc h`bhkuylbtl qul galbtrcs ub cbagck rls
hubstcbhac, y sa b` kc sckv` c lkkc b` gl sckv` y`" y "lstl p`bfl ck lnlht` flslbhcflbcbtl fl kc lstagukchaøb lkáhtrahc,
slht`r fl kc rlckafcf harhubstcbtl n`rgc kc `trc gatcf fl ga
plrs`bc: søk` c trcvás fl ák pulf` abtlircrgl y slr pklbc kc h`bfuhtc
lshradar csçflg`tavcfc
chlrhc ls `ricbazcfc
sus lxplraglbt`s p`r sufaj`:
h`b g`b`s, h`btlxt`. Ck
"Xl scdl
glbtl y` gasg`. Kc halbhac da`køiahc gãs rlhalbtl lstufac plrnlhtcglbtl qul kcs h`k`bacs fl g`b`s h`bstatuylb s`halfc
lk `ricbasg` vav` h`g` ubc ubafcf h`gpulstc flk hulrp` y fls cut`hrãtahcs lb kcs qul ub cbagck sl udahc h`g` jlnl
su glfa` pcrtahukcr: fl g`f` qul lk pr`hls` vatck b` h`bsastl flk irup`, qul rlqualrl ubc ircb pcrtl flk tlrrat`ra`, sl cka
søk` lb ubc cfcptchaøb flk hulrp` c su glfa`, sab` tcgdaáb glbtc lb praglr kuicr y ls lvatcf` p`r k`s `tr`s, qualbls...
lb kc cfcptchaøb flk glfa` c su hulrp`. Kc gcb` pr`hurc lxprlscb su sugasaøb... Mlg`s `dslrvcf` lb favlrscs h`k`
cg`kfcrsl ck `djlt` gctlrack, c nab fl cprlscrk` dalb: plr` c bacs qul kc lstagukchaøb lkáhtrahc flk g`b` jlnl abhrlglbtcdc
kc vlz, hcfc `djlt` gctlrack `huktc ubc prlvac cnabafcf h`b su cirlsaøb l abfuhçc c ctcquls dalb faraiaf`s h`btrc `tr`s
ubc gcb` fltlrgabcfc" . }
galgdr`s flk irup`, c k`s qul lhmcdc y `hcsa`bckglbtl g`r
Lxastl ub b`tcdkl pcrcklk` lbtrl lstc `dslrvchaøb p`átahc fçc... Lrc lvaflbtl qul lstc m`stakafcf sl `ralbtcdc lb n`r
rlckazcfc c h`galbz`s fl saik` y kc lxpkahchaøb gãs g`flrbc, gc køiahc... pulst` qul mcdatuckglbtl ctchcdc c `tr` gc
lxprlscfc lb klbiucjl hadlrbátah`, h`b kc qul Irli`ry Dc- hm` qul flscnacdc su cut`rafcf y bubhc ctchcdc c kc mlgdrc
tls`b cbukø k`s kçgatls lbtrl lk lspcha` abtlra`r y lxtlra`r pcrc plqulóc qul lrc su h`gpcólrc ncv`ratc" . Lb `trcs pckcdrcs,
8
lkcd`rcr su pr`pac gltãn`rc fl kc glbtl: "_albslb lb ub m`g kc lstagukchaøb abtlrbc, lkáhtrahc, fl kc h`bfuhtc lrc g`fa
drl qul tckc ub ãrd`k h`b ub mchmc. Hcfc mchmcz` ls g` nahcfc, lb t`f`s k`s hcs`s, p`r lk h`btlxt`. Kc lstagukchaøb
fanahcf` ` h`rrliaf` fl chulrf` h`b kc n`rgc flk h`rtl fljcf` lkáhtrahc p`fçc, sushatcr cirlsaøb, plr` kc lxprlsaøb fl ástc
sl rlkcha`bcdc h`b lk irup` s`hack.
* (K c glbtl ls su pr`p
pr`pa`a` kuicr, y fl sç ‖p
‖pul
ulfl
fl mchlr ub halk` flk ab Lk abtlrás fl Flkicf` lb kc rlkchaøb lbtrl kc lstagukchaøb
nalrb`, ub abnalrb` flk halk`.)
46 4<
lkáhtrahc flk hlrldr` y lk h`btlxt` s`hack flk cbagck lstagu kcs nulbtls lxtrchlrldrckls fl bulstrcs glbtls" . Kc h`bhlp
9
kcf` k` h`bfuj` c rlckazcr lxplralbhacs g`fanahcbf` lk h`b haøb fl Flkicf` fl kc glbtl hlrldrck y lxtrchlrldrck pulfl
tlxt` s`hack flk cbagck. Lk rcbi` s`hack fl ubc g`bc nul g` slr h`gpcrcfc lb n`rgc farlhtc h`b kcs aflcs fl Dctls`b y
fanahcf` c trcvás flk hcgda` fl kc h`gp`sahaøb flk irup`. @rtlic*. \bc glbtl mugcbc sl flscrr`kkc c glfafc qul lk
Lb lk praglr irup` `hupcdc lk kuicr gãs dcj` lbtrl huctr`, hlrldr` pr`hlsc y ckgchlbc k`s gúktapkls p`tlbhackls lstagu
lb lk sliubf` `hupcdc lk tlrhlr kuicr, y lb lk tlrhlr` nul kcf`s tcbt` abtlrbc h`g` lxtlrbcglbtl. Kc abn`rgchaøb, chta
udahcfc lb lk sliubf`. Lb kcs trls h`k`bacs, kc lstagukchaøb tufls y n`rgcs fl plrhadar s`b csagakcfcs y ckgchlbcfcs, y sl
lkáhtrahc abfuj` c kc g`bc c h`rrlr c k` kcri` fl su jcukc, h`bvalrtlb csç lb ubc pcrtl fl kc n`rgc fl chlrhcgalbt` fl
c trlpcr, i`kplcr, v`hckazcr y ctchcr c `tr`s cbagckls. Lb lk kc plrs`bc ck h`btlxt` mcdatuck h`b lk qul abtlrchtúc.
praglr irup`, søk` abtlbtø ctchcr c `tr` g`b` lb ubc `p`r Kc ncgakac h`bstatuyl ub ncht`r sugcglbtl saibanahctav` lb
tubafcf. Lb lk sliubf` irup` sl v`kvaø gãs cirlsavc, ctchcbf` lstl pr`hls`. Ls ub irup` s`hack bcturck, qul fltlrgabc kcs
vlabtahuctr` vlhls. Lb lk irup` trls, kc g`bc lstagukcfc ctchø rlspulstcs fl sus galgdr`s c trcvás fl lstçguk`s flsfl lk
c `tr`s g`b`s sltlbtc y saltl vlhls. Flkicf` kkliø c kc saiualbtl abtlra`r y flsfl lk lxtlra`r. Xu `ricbazchaøb y lstruhturc tcga
h`bhkusaøb: "kc cirlsaøb faraiafc h`btrc abfavafu`s fl kc gas zcb y hckanahcb kc lxplralbhac fl k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac.
gc lsplhal nul pr`v`hcfc... p`r kc lstagukchaøb lkáhtrahc fl Lb guhm`s hcs`s, sl kc pulfl h`bsaflrcr h`g` kc pcrtl lx
favlrscs lstruhturcs hlrldrckls, y su lxprlsaøb flplbfçc fl trchlrldrck fl kc glbtl.
kc `ricbazchaøb s`hack... ub cht` cirlsav` pr`v`hcf` crtana Kc abnkulbhac fl kc ncgakac s`drl sus galgdr`s nulr flg`s
flg`s
hackglbtl pulfl faraiarsl h`btrc ub galgdr` lsplhçnah` flk trcfc lxplraglbtckglbtl p`r ubc abvlstaichaøb fl kcs lbnlr
irup` ` pulfl supragarsl p`r h`gpklt`, fl chulrf` h`b lk glfcfls psah`s`gãtahcs fl kc abncbhac qul h`bfujl h`b Klstlr
rcbi` s`hack flk sujlt` lstagukcf`" . >
Dcelr y bulstr` lquap`. Kcs h`gpr`dcha`bls rlckazcfcs lb
Flkicf` h`gpr`dø tcgdaáb qul sa ub g`b` fl dcjc jlrcr kc abvlstaichaøb pr`p`rha`bcr`b nubfcglbt`s lxplraglbtckls
quçc ls lstagukcf` flbtr` fl kc jcukc, ls p`sadkl qul b` guls pcrc lk búhkl` dãsah` fl kc tlrcpac fl ncgakac: b`s rlnlrag`s
trl lb cds`kut` ubc rlspulstc fl rcdac. Lstl flshudragalbt` ck mlhm` qul lk baó` rlsp`bfl c kcs tlbsa`bls qul cnlhtcb c kc
pulfl slr lxpkahcf` lb tárgab`s fl rlprlsaøb. _lr` tcgdaáb ncgakac. Flscrr`kkcg`s ub gát`f` fl glfahaøb fl kcs rls
ls p`sadkl lxpkahcr kc ncktc fl rlspulstc flk g`b` lb tárgab`s pulstcs nasa`køiahcs abfavafuckls c kcs tlbsa`bls fl kc ncgakac.
fl f`s p`tlbhackls fastabt`s, ub` fl k`s huckls ls gãs p` Lb lk trcbshurs` fl ubc lbtrlvastc h`b ubc ncgakac, h`bhldafc
flr`s`. Xa lk p`tlbhack flk h`btlxt` flk g`b` fl dcjc jlrcr h`b lstl `djltav`, sl t`gcb gulstrcs fl scbirl fl hcfc galg
quçc ls gcy`r qul kc lstagukchaøb flk hlrldr`, ls p`sadkl qul dr` fl kc ncgakac, pr`hlfalbf` fl tck g`f` qul kc `dtlbhaøb
b` salbtc rcdac. Xa sl cuglbtc kc lstagukchaøb, kc h`bfuhtc fl kcs gulstrcs b` abtlrnalrc h`b kcs abtlrchha`bls lb hurs`.
flk g`b` lb lstl h`btlxt` sl g`fanahc, ck aiuck qul sa sl g` _`stlra`rglbtl, sl cbckazc lk bavlk fl ãhaf`s ircs`s kadrls flk
fanahcb kcs harhubstcbhacs s`hackls. pkcsgc lb kcs gulstrcs. Lk ãhaf` ircs` kadrl (nrll nctty chaf,
Flkicf` pr`nubfazc cúb gãs sus `dslrvcha`bls h`bsafl NN C ) h`bstatuyl ub abfahcf`r da`quçgah` flk flsplrtcr lg`
rcbf` tcgdaáb kc abnkulbhac fl kc lsnlrc s`hack s`drl lk m`g ha`bck, yc qul kc h`bhlbtrchaøb cuglbtc flbtr` fl k`s habh`
drl. "B` p`flg`s slr kadrls lb rlkchaøb h`b k`s pcfrls, c quabhl gabut`s p`stlra`rls c kc tlbsaøb lg`ha`bck. Kc h`g
gclstr`s y s`halfcf", lshradaø, "pulst` qul lkk`s h`bstatuylb pcrchaøb fl k`s bavlkls fl k`s NNC lb fanlrlbtls g`glbt`s
4> 49
fl kc lbtrlvastc lstruhturck plrgatl f`huglbtcr nasa`køiahc Lb lk trcbshurs` fl kc lbtrlvastc tlbfalbtl c glfar kc rls
glbtl kc rlspulstc flk abfavafu` ck strlss ncgakacr. pulstc fl kcs baócs ck strllss
pulstc strllss,, lbtrl kcs 1 y kcs 3? CG , k`s pcfrls
K`s rlsuktcf`s fl k`s N NC fl kc ncgakac H`kkabs h`bstatuylb nulr`b s`gltaf`s c f`s satucha`bls fl strlss fanlrlbtls, galb
ub dulb ljlgpk` (Naiurc 3). Cgd`s baó`s lrcb facdátah`s. trcs kcs baócs k`s `dslrvcdcb c trcvás fl ub lsplj` fl vasaøb
Flfl, 39, lrc facdátahc flsfl mchçc trls có`s5 su mlrgcbc, ubafarlhha`bck. Cubqul kcs baócs b` p`fçcb pcrtahapcr lb kc
^a`klt, k` lrc flsfl kc abncbhac. K`s lstufa`s fl kc "kcdakafcf satuchaøb h`bnkahtavc, sus bavlkls fl k`s N NC cuglbtcr`b hucb
nasa`køiahc" fl k`s baó`s g`strcr`b qul b` lxastçcb fanlrlb f` prlslbhacr`b kc satuchaøb. Lk agpcht` chugukctav` flk strlss
hacs bltcs lbtrl sus rlspulstcs abfavafuckls ck strlss. Xab lg nasa`køiah` lb hurs` nul k` sunahalbtlglbtl agp`rtcbtl h`g`
dcri`, lstcs f`s baócs, h`b kc gasgc lbnlrglfcf gltcdøkahc, pcrc pr`fuhar hcgda`s nasa`køiah`s b`tcdkls cub lb baó`s b`
h`b ub lquapcgalbt` ilbátah` guy sagakcr, y qul vavçcb lb kc agpkahcf`s farlhtcglbtl. C kcs falz lb pubt`, kcs baócs nul
gasgc hcsc h`b k`s gasg`s pcfrls, prlslbtcdcb pr`dklgcs r`b h`bfuhafcs c kc mcdatchaøb h`b sus pcfrls. Lb lsl g`
hkçbah`s guy fanlrlbtls. Flfl lrc ubc "facdátahc suplr- glbt`, sl h`gpr`dø h`b ircb hkcrafcf qul flslgplócdcb
kãdak", ls flhar ubc facdátahc cnlhtcfc p`r pr`dklgcs pcplkls guy fastabt`s lb kc ncgakac. Flfl lstcdc ctrcpcfc
psah`s`gãtah`s. _rlslbtcdc ctcquls fl hlt`chaf`sas qul b` lbtrl sus pcfrls. Hcfc ub` fl lkk`s abtlbtcdc `dtlblr su cp`y`
rlsp`bfçcb c kc absukabc cfgabastrcfc lb su m`icr. Lb trls lb kc kuhmc h`btrc lk `tr`, fl tck g`f` qul Flfl b` p`fçc
có`s, mcdçc rliastrcf` trlabtc y trls abirls`s ck m`spatck pcrc rlsp`bflr c k`s rlqulragalbt`s fl ub` sab cpcrlhlr h`g`
t`gcbf` p`sahaøb h`btrc lk `tr`. Lk cp`y` fl ^a`klt b` lrc
ub trctcgalbt`
dklgcs fl lglrilbhac.
fl h`bfuhtc fl k`s qul^a`klt prlslbtcdc
sus pcfrls ckiub`s plr`
sl quljcdcb, pr` dushcf`: fl lsl g`f`, p`fçc rlsp`bflr ck h`bnkaht` fl sus
su facdltls sl lbh`btrcdc dcj` ub dulb h`btr`k gáfah`. pcfrls sab vlrsl hcpturcfc lb lk glfa`.
K`s lnlht`s fl lst`s f`s r`kls pulflb cprlhacrsl lb k`s
rlsuktcf`s fl k`s NN C . Cgdcs baócs prlslbtcr`b cuglbt`s
saibanahctav`s lb lk trcbshurs` fl kc lbtrlvastc, lbtrl 1 y 3?,
y cuglbt`s cúb gcy`rls lbtrl 3? y 3?:8?, hucbf` lstuvalr`b
h`b sus pcfrls. Flspuás flk nabck fl kc lbtrlvastc c kcs 3?:8?,
sab lgdcri`, k`s NN C fl ^a`klt v`kvalr`b guy pr`bt` c su
bavlk mcdatuck. K`s fl Flfl plrgcblhalr`b lklvcf`s furcbtl
ubc m`rc y glfac gãs.
Lb lk hcs` fl k`s pcfrls, k`s bavlkls fl k`s N NC cuglbtcr`b
NNC
lbtrl kcs 1.<? y kcs 3?, k` qul slóckcdc ub strlss lb kcs
rlkcha`bls lbtrl k`s lsp`s`s. _lr` sus N NC fasgabuylr`b fls-
puls flk abirls` fl kcs baócs y fl qul k`s pcfrls mudalslb
csugaf` sus nubha`bls pcrlbtckls. Lb lstc ncgakac, k`s h`b
nkaht`s lbtrl k`s pcfrls fasgabuçcb ` sl flsvacdcb hucbf`
' ' . a . . . . . . . a . . . . . . . a csugçcb nubha`bls pcrlbtckls. Kcs baócs nubha`bcdcb h`g`
= m. 1 m. 3? m. A A m. 34 m. glhcbasg`s qul plrgatçcb flravcr k`s h`bnkaht`s. Lk prlha` qul
Nai. A.‖ Hcgda`s fl k`s NNC fl kc ncgaka
ncgakacc H`kkabs.
4= 41
pcicdcb ls slóckcf` tcbt` p`r su abhrlglbt` lb k`s bavlkls lstruhturc ncgakacr h`btraduylb c kc pr`fuhhaøb fl hcgda`s
fl k`s EN
ENCC h`g` p`r kc abhcpchafcf fl Flfl pcrc rlt`rbcr lb kc h`bfuhtc y k`s pr`hls`s psçquah`s abtlrb`s fl k`s galg
c su bavlk mcdatuck. Kc abtlrflplbflbhac lbtrl lk abfavafu` dr`s fl lsl sastlgc. Lk tlrhlr cxa`gc ls qul hucbf` ub
y su ncgakac ‖kc h`rralbtl lbtrl "cflbtr`" y "cnulrc"‖ ls fl tlrcplutc trcdcjc h`b ub pchalbtl ` h`b kc ncgakac fl ub
g`strcfc lb n`rgc hkcrc lb kc satuchaøb lxplraglbtck, lb kc pchalbtl, su h`bfuhtc sl abhkuyl lb lsl h`btlxt`. K`s tlrc
qul k`s ch`btlhagalbt`s pr`fuhaf`s c bavlk fl kc h`bfuhtc plutcs y kc ncgakac n`rgcb lb h`bjubt` ub bulv` sastlgc,
fl k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac pulflb glfarsl lb kc h`rralbtl tlrcpáutah`
galgdr`s. lb lstl hcs`, qul i`dalrbc kc h`bfuhtc fl sus
scbiuçblc fl `tr`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac.
Lstcs trls h`bsaflrcha`bls ‖kc fl qul lk h`btlxt` cnlhtc
LK CXALBV@ FL KC _CV@K@IÇC k`s pr`hls`s abtlrb`s, kc fl qul kcs g`fanahcha`bls flk h`b
tlxt` pr`fuhlb hcgda`s lb lk abfavafu` y kc fl qul kc h`b
Hucbf` sl h`bhadl c kc glbtl h`g` lxtrchlrldrck ck aiuck fuhtc flk tlrcplutc ls saibanahctavc lb lstl hcgda`‖ salgprl
qul h`g` abtrchlrldrck, lk mlhm` fl satucr c kc pct`k`içc lb mcb n`rgcf` pcrtl flk slbtaf` h`gúb dãsah` fl kc tlrcpac.
lk abtlra`r fl kc glbtl flk abfavafu` b` abfahc sa sl k` mchl Mcb `hupcf` lk trcsn`bf` lb kc dadka`ircnçc fl psah`tlrcpac,
flbtr` ` nulrc fl kc plrs`bc. Kc pct`k`içc pulfl udahcrsl galbtrcs k`s pr`hls`s abtlrb`s sl satucr`b lb lk praglr pkcb`.
lb lk abtlra`r flk pchalbtl, lb su h`btlxt` s`hack ` lb lk Xab lgdcri`, b` sl udahcr`b lb lk hlbtr` fl kc prãhtahc psah`-
nllfdche lbtrl cgd`s. Kc nr`btlrc crtanahack ls h`bnusc y, p`r tlrcpáutahc, lb kc qul cúb lxastl ubc fah`t`gçc crtanahack lb
k` tcbt`, lk lbn`qul fl kc pct`k`içc fldl g`fanahcrsl. Kc trl lk abfavafu` y su h`btlxt` s`hack.
tlrcpac `ralbtcfc flsfl lstl pubt` fl vastc sl dcsc lb trls _`flg`s glbha`bcr ub ljlgpk` t`gcf` fl k`s h`bhlpt`s
cxa`gcs. Hcfc ub` fl lkk`s p`bl lk chlbt` lb h`scs fastabtcs flk plbscgalbt` pcrcb`ah`, pulst` qul lb lstl hcgp` ls nub
qul lk cxa`gc glbha`bcf` fl kc tl`rçc abfavafuck. Lb praglr fcglbtck k`ircr ubc h`gprlbsaøb flk h`btlxt` flk pchalbtl.
kuicr, kc vafc psçquahc fl ub abfavafu` b` ls lxhkusavcglbtl Xab lgdcri`, lb tárgab`s abtrcpsçquah`s sl saiul lbhcrcbf`
ub pr`hls` abtlrb`. Lk abfavafu` abnkuyl s`drl su h`btlxt` y c kc pcrcb`ac h`g` ub trcst`rb` flk plbscgalbt` n`rgck, lb
ls abnkuaf` p`r ástl p`r slhulbhacs rlpltafcs fl abtlrchhaøb. lk qul kc plrhlphaøb fl k`s ch`btlhagalbt`s ls fltlrgabcfc
Lk abfavafu` qul vavl lb lk slb` fl ubc ncgakac ls ub galg p`r pr`hls`s abtlrb`s. H`g` k` lshradaø Ccr`b Dlhe: "lbtrl
dr` fl ub sastlgc s`hack ck qul fldl cfcptcrsl. Xus chha`bls kcs plrs`bcs b`rgckls, kc slhulbhac plrhlphaøb-h`b`hagalbt`-
sl lbhulbtrcb rliafcs p`r kcs hcrchtlrçstahcs flk sastlgc, y lg`haøb ls fltlrgabcfc lb ircb glfafc p`r lk hcrãhtlr fl
lstcs hcrchtlrçstahcs abhkuylb k`s lnlht`s fl sus pr`pacs chha` kc satuchaøb lstçguk`... (sab lgdcri`) lk pchalbtl pcrcb`afl
bls pcscfcs. Lk abfavafu` rlsp`bfl c k`s strlss qul sl pr` pulfl cdstrclr slklhtavcglbtl k`s csplht`s fl su lxplralbhac
fuhlb lb `tr`s kuicrls flk sastlgc, c k`s qul sl cfcptc5 y ák qul h`bhulrfcb h`b su aflc prlh`bhldafc fl plrslhuhaøb, lth.
pulfl h`btraduar lb n`rgc saibanahctavc ck strlss fl `tr`s _ulfl rlckazcr juaha`s crdatrcra`s qul b` p`sllb nubfcglbt`s
galgdr`s flk sastlgc. Lk abfavafu` pulfl slr h`bsaflrcf` vlrfcflr`s. Mcdatuckglbtl, ást`s pulflb gcbanlstcrsl c trcvás
h`g` ub sudsastlgc, ` pcrtl flk sastlgc, plr` sl fldl fl kc klhturc fl saibanahcf`s `hukt`s lb k`s ch`btlhagalbt`s.
t`gcr lb hulbtc ck h`bjubt`. Lk sliubf` cxa`gc qul sudychl Vcgdaáb talbfl c ilblrckazcr lb lxhls` abstcbhacs caskcfcs
c lstl tap` fl tlrcpac ls lk fl qul kcs g`fanahcha`bls lb ubc fl abtrusaøb, fashragabchaøb, lth."'. Lb lst`s tárgab`s, kc pc-
8? 83
bcs,
bulv`b`dcrra`.
tlbçc Fldçc
qul abtlbtcr mchlrsl
ar c vasarãr fl cbtaiu`s
c sus bulv`s cgai`s
cgai`s,lbplr`
lk lb
Lb su
lstlbulv` flpcrtcglbt`,
ljlgpk`, h`blbkc kc
ck aiuck qul abflplbflbhac
pcrãd`kc flkqul flslcdc.
h`gcbfcbtl
pcrc b` cduscr fl sus cgai`s y fl su ncgakac, b` fldçc fls _lcry, lk hcgda` st pr`fuj` lb glb`r glfafc lb k` qul h`b
hradar babiubc fl sus lxplralbhacs. Xa ckiualb kc abtlrr`icdc hlrbçc ck abtlra`r ` ck lxtlra`r flk pchalbtl qul lb k` rlnl
chlrhc fl sus pr`dklgcs, kls farçc qul, sagpklglbtl, lrcb k`s rlbtl c kc rlkchaøb fl kc pchalbtl h`b sus harhubstcbhacs.
pr`dklgcs fl k`s cbhacb`s, akøiah`s y tlglr`s`s. Kc tlrcpac lstruhturck fl ncgakac lbhcrc lk pr`hls` flk nllf
Lsc abtlrvlbhaøb lstcdklhaø ubc rutabc pcrc cyufcr c kc pc dche lbtrl kcs harhubstcbhacs y kcs plrs`bcs agpkahcfcs ‖k`s
halbtl c cuglbtcr su slbtaf` fl ncgakacrafcf h`b ub bulv` hcgda`s agpulst`s p`r ubc plrs`bc s`drl sus harhubstcbhacs y
kc n`rgc lb qul k`s nllfdche lb rlkchaøb h`b lst`s hcgda`s
86
8<
cnlhtcb su chhaøb p`stlra`r‖. \bc gutchaøb lb kc p`sahaøb fl Lstl ls lk nubfcglbt` fl kc tlrcpac fl ncgakac. Lk tlrcplutc
ubc plrs`bc lb rlkchaøb h`b sus harhubstcbhacs h`bstatuyl ubc sl cs`hac h`b kc ncgakac h`b lk `djltav` fl hcgdacr kc `ric
g`fanahchaøb fl su lxplralbhac. Kc tlrcpac fl ncgakac rlhurrl bazchaøb fl kc ncgakac fl tck g`f` qul kc lxplralbhac fl sus
c táhbahcs qul cktlrcb lk h`btlxt` abglfact` fl kcs plrs`bcs galgdr`s sl g`fanaqul. C trcvás fl kc nchakatchaøb flk us`
fl tck g`f` qul sus p`saha`bls hcgdacb. Ck hcgdacr kc rlkc fl g`fckafcfls cktlrbctavcs fl abtlrchhaøb lbtrl k`s galgdr`s
haøb lbtrl ubc plrs`bc y lk h`btlxt` ncgakacr lb qul sl gulvl, fl kc ncgakac, lk tlrcplutc rlhurrl c kc gctraz fl kc ncgakac
sl g`fanahc h`bslhulbtlglbtl su lxplralbhac sudjltavc. pcrc lk pr`hls` fl hurchaøb. Kc ncgakac, ck g`fanahcrsl, `nrlhl
_`r ljlgpk`, ubc baóc fl f`hl có`s tlbçc csgc fl `railb c sus galgdr`s bulvcs harhubstcbhacs y bulvcs plrsplhtavcs
pse`s`gãtah`. Tlhadçc ubc abtlbsc glfahchaøb, ncktcdc c gl nrlbtl c sus harhubstcbhacs. Kc bulvc `ricbazchaøb plrgatl ub
buf` c kc lshulkc y lk có` cbtlra`r mcdçc saf` kklvcfc c kc h`btabu` rlnulrz` fl kc bulvc lxplralbhac, k` qul pr`p`rha`bc
sckc fl urilbhac lb trls `hcsa`bls. Xl kc faraiaø c ub psaquac ubc vckafchaøb flk bulv` slbtaf` fl sç.
trc fl baó`s, qul absastaø lb vlr c t`fc kc ncgakac ‖k`s pcfrls Lb lstc lstruhturc tl`rátahc b` sl aib`rc ck abfavafu`. Lk
y k`s f`s mlrgcb`s gcy`rls‖ fl kc pchalbtl aflbtanahcfc. Lb prlslbtl flk abfavafu` ls su pcscf` gãs sus harhubstcbhacs
lk trcbshurs` fl kc praglrc lbtrlvastc, lk tlrcplutc kkcgø kc chtuckls. \bc pcrtl fl su pcscf` s`drlvavarã salgprl, h`b
ctlbhaøb fl kc ncgakac chlrhc fl kc `dlsafcf fl kc majc gcy`r. tlbaf` y g`fanahcf` p`r kcs abtlrchha`bls chtuckls. Vcbt` su
Kc prl`hupchaøb fl kc ncgakac, lbt`bhls, sl flspkczø l abhkuyø pcscf` h`g` sus pr`palfcfls sabiukcrls n`rgcb pcrtl fl su
c kc prl`hupchaøb chlrhc fl kc pchalbtl csç aflbtanahcfc. K`s h`btlxt` s`hack, s`drl lk huck chtúcb flk gasg` g`f` lb qul
sçbt`gcs fl kc baóc csgãtahc fasgabuylr`b lbt`bhls mcstc ub ástl chtúc s`drl ák. Lb k`s lstufa`s flk tap` flk fl Flkicf`
pubt` tck qul plrgataø h`btr`kcr su csgc h`b ubc glfahchaøb sl cprlhac ub rlsplt` flk abfavafu` lb su h`btlxt`, ubc prl`hu
guhm` glb`s abtlbsc y, tcgdaáb, fljcr fl ncktcr c kc lshulkc. pchaøb chlrhc flk abfavafu` b` søk` lb k` h`bhlrbalbtl c sus
Lb kc lstruhturc fl kc ncgakac sl pr`fujlr`b g`fanahcha`bls. hcrchtlrçstahcs abbctcs y cfquarafcs, sab` tcgdaáb lb su ab
Fljø fl slr ubc ncgakac prl`hupcfc p`r pr`tlilr c ubc baóc tlrchhaøb lb lk prlslbtl. Lk m`gdrl talbl glg`rac5 ls lk pr`
csgãtahc pcrc pcscr c slr ubc ncgakac h`b f`s pcfrls prl`hu fuht` fl su pcscf`. Ck gasg` talgp`, sus abtlrchha`bls lb
pcf`s p`r lk csgc fl ubc majc y kc `dlsafcf fl `trc. Kc p` sus harhubstcbhacs chtuckls cp`ycb, hckanahcb ` g`fanahcb su
sahaøb fl kc pchalbtl abahackglbtl aflbtanahcfc lb kc ncgakac lxplralbhac.
sl g`fanahø y, h`bh`gatcbtlglbtl, sl g`fanahø su lxplralbhac. Kc tlrcpac lstruhturck fl ncgakac utakazc lstl gcrh` fl h`b-
Lgplzø c h`bsaflrcr c su mlrgcbc gcy`r h`g` ubc plrs`bc hlptuckazcr ck m`gdrl lb sus harhubstcbhacs. Lk `djltav` fl
qul lbnrlbtcdc fanahuktcfls. Kc n`rgc fl abtlrchhaøb fl sus kc abtlrvlbhaøb pulfl lstcr h`bstatuaf` tcgdaáb p`r huckqualr
pcfrls h`b lkkc, dcscfc lb kc s`drlpr`tlhhaøb y kc prl`hupc `tr` sliglbt` flk lh`sastlgc flk abfavafu` qul pcrlzhc cfl
haøb, fasgabuyø ck cócfarsl ub bulv` dkcbh` fl prl`hupchaøb. hucf` pcrc lbhcrcr lstrctliacs fl Rpr`fuhhaøb fl hcgda`s.
Lk tlrcplutc mcdçc hcgdacf` ubc pcrtl fl kc `ricbazchaøb fl
kc ncgakac fl tck g`f` qul lk g`vagalbt` lrc cm`rc p`sadkl. LK @DJLVA^@ FL KC VLTC_AC
Cf`ptø ubc g`fckafcf mcdatuck lb lkk`s ‖prl`hupchaøb‖ plr`
cgpkaø su `djlt`. Kc bulvc plrsplhtavc g`fanahø kc lxplralb Lk `djltav` flk tlrcplutc fl ncgakac y kc táhbahc c kc qul
hac fl k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac. rlhurrl lstãb fltlrgabcf`s p`r su gcrh` tlørah`. Kc tlrcpac
89
8>
8= 81
rlkchaøb h`b k`s maj`s. C glfafc qul k`s maj`s cdcbf`bcb kc :• Xló`r Yciblr: Lk sãdcf`, lb k` qul c gç sl rlnalrl, ls
ncgakac, rlcpcrlhl kc ubafcf `raiabck fl gcraf` y gujlr, cub bulstr` fçc kadrl, p`r csç flhark`. V`f` k` qul lkkc qualrc
qul lb harhubstcbhacs s`hackls t`tckglbtl fastabtcs. Kc ncgakac 'mchlr, dulb`, k` mchlg`s. Sualr` sliuar h`b lstl gát`f`. Lk
fldl lbnrlbtcr lk flscnç` fl hcgda`s tcbt` abtlrb`s h`g` lx f`gabi`, lbt`bhls, ls gãs ` glb`s ga fçc.
tlrb`s y gcbtlblr, ck gasg` talgp`, su h`btabuafcf, y fldl Gab uhmab:: Ls cki` abtlrlscbtl5 °ls` qualrl flhar qul ustl
Gabuhmab
cp`ycr y lstagukcr lk hrlhagalbt` fl sus galgdr`s galbtrcs fls flhaflb favafar lk nab fl slgcbc lb tárgab`s fl fçcs lb
sl cfcptc c ubc s`halfcf lb trcbsahaøb. Lstcs tcrlcs b` s`b k`s qul ustlf t`gc kcs flhasa`bls nubfcglbtckls y fçcs
nãhakls fl lbhcrcr. «b qul su lsp`sc k` mchl0
Kc pcrljc qul lbtrlvastcg`s c h`btabuchaøb akustrc ckiu Xló`r Yciblr: B` ls lxchtcg
lxchtcglbtl
lbtl ccsç,
sç, ls ubc lsplh
lsplhal
al fl-
fl-..
bcs fl lstcs fanahuktcfls. Lgaky y Gcre Yciblr sl hcscr`b Gab uhmab:: Xuhlfaø csç. °Høg` nul qul sl kkliø c ls`0 Ls
Gabuhmab
mchl huctr` có`s. Valblb ub maj`, V`ggy, fl trls có`s. Mchl abtlrlscbtl mastørahcglbtl5 °høg` kklicr`b c lstc lsplhal fl
ub có` tuvalr`b huctr` slsa`bls h`b ub h`bsljlr` gctrag`back. favasaøb fl kc t`gc fl flhasaøb0 °K` rlhulrfcb0
Lb kc chtuckafcf sl h`bsaflrcb h`g` ubc ncgakac b`rgck qul Xló`r Yciblr: Gl ctrlvlrá c n`rgukcr ubc mapøtlsas. X`kçc
mc fldaf` lbnrlbtcr fanahuktcfls. Lstãb `riukk`s`s p`r mcdlr trcdcjcr flsfl lk kubls mcstc lk sãdcf` lb lk csubt` flk m`s
ckhcbzcf` ub bavlk fl flscrr`kk` lb lk qul lxastl ub gutu` patck5 lk sãdcf` lrc ubc lsplhal fl fcr vulktcs. H`bsaflrcdc
cp`y` y qul plrgatl su hrlhagalbt`. ck f`gabi` h`g` lk fçc kadrl, lb k` qul gl h`bhlrbçc. Csç,
Tlsp`bfalr`b c ub cvas` cpcrlhaf` lb ub plquló` plraøfah` tcb pr`bt` h`g` lk sãdcf` qulfø kadrl, lkkc sl cp`flrø fl ák,
k`hck pcrc pcrtahapcr lb ubc lbtrlvastc c hcgda` fl ubc halrtc p`r csç flhark`. B` kl mudalsl fljcf` `ptcr p`r lk f`gabi`
sugc. Kc lbtrlvastc nul rlckazcfc cbtl ubc ircb cufalbhac fl p`rqul lk f`gabi` lrc lb halrt` g`f` ga fçc.
tlrcplutcs fl ncgakac, qul sl lbh`btrcdcb slbtcf`s lb kc gasgc Gab uhmab:: Csç, kklicr`b c lstc n`rgc fl rlikc agpkçhatc sab
Gabuhmab
mcdatchaøb
flscrr`kkø. yV`ggy
rlsp`bfalr`b c kckc lbtrlvastc
lstcdc lb mcdatchaøb cjuicbf`
glfafc h`b
qul ubc
sl saqualrc mcdlr lstcdklhaf` bubhc qul ástl lrc lk g`f` lb qul
chtucdcb.
dcdy sattlr. Xló`rc Yciblr: _`r k` ilblrck, k`s f`gabi`s vc c plshcr
Kc lbtrlvastc b` ls ubc lbtrlvastc tlrcpáutahc. Xl trctc fl ` cki` csç y y` v`y p`r ga kcf`. Xalgprl mc saf` csç5 dulb`, mc
ubc lbtrlvastc qul sl `hupc flk flscrr`kk`, qul abtlbtc rlubar saf` csç flsfl mchl gãs ` glb`s ub có`.
gctlrack mastørah` y fakuhafcr kcs plrhlpha`bls fl k`s pcrta Gab uhmab:: ^c c plshcr k`s f`gabi`s. Lk sãdcf` ls lk fçc
Gabuhmab
hapcbtls chlrhc flk nubha`bcgalbt` fl su ncgakac. Lb ubc lb lb qul cgd`s mchlb cki` jubt`s, y ustlf ls kc qul flhafl.
trlvastc h`b ubc ncgakac b`rgck, lxastl ub h`btrct` agpkçhat`. Xló`r Yciblr: B` ls csç, b` ls lxchtcglbtl csç, lb rlcka
fcf. Farçc qul k`s sãdcf`s mcy gãs pr`dcdakafcfls fl qul
Kc ncgakac qul sl h`bsaflrc flsfl ub h`galbz` b`rgck, slrã
h`bnargcfc y cp`ycfc lb lstc hrllbhac p`r kc lbtrlvastc. Hucb ga gujlr slc kc qul flhafc quá vcg`s c mchlr.
Xló`rc Yciblr: _`r k` ilblrck tlbi` cki` pkcbanahcf`, scdl,
f` pcrtc, sliuarã h`bsaflrãbf`sl h`g` ubc ncgakac b`rgck.
qul qualr` mchlr, y p`r k` ilblrck k` mchlg`s.
uhmab:: K` praglr` qul qualr` scdlr ls p`r quá lstãb
Gabuhmab
Gab K`s Yciblr fashutlb ubc pcutc trcbschha`bck qul lv`kuha`
cquç. °Høg` t`gcr`b kc flhasaøb fl vlbar0 °Suá pr`hls` k`s bø lb lk trcbshurs` fl su vafc fl hcscf`s. Cubqul pulflb rl
abfuj` c mchlrk`0 h`bstruar lk flscrr`kk` fl lstc pcutc y b` kc h`bsaflrcb "lxch-
64 68
b` tlblr ga pr`pa` flpcrtcglbt` y t`f` ls`5 gl pcrlhçc qul Xló`rc Yciblr: _lr` sl gcbtlbçc hckkcf`.
b` p`fçc, qul rlckglbtl b` p`fçc slr ubc lsp`sc. Gabuhmab:: Lrc ubc n`rgc fl t`gcr pcrtaf`. Xcdl, p`rquá,
Gabuhmab
Gabuhmab:: °_`r quá b` p`fçc slr ubc lsp`sc0
Gabuhmab °b` lsplrcdc ustlf qul sl pusalsl fl pcrtl suyc0
Xló`rc Yciblr: @m, b` k` pulf` lxpkahcr, lrc søk` ubc Xló`rc Yciblr: Xç, plr`‖.
slbschaøb qul tlbçc h`g` gujlr. uhmab:: Lbt`bhls, sa b` k` mchçc, sl p`bçc flk `tr` kcf`.
Gabuhmab
Gab
Xló`r Yciblr: B`, hrl` qul quazã pulf` flhar cki` chlrhc Xló`rc Yciblr: _lr` sa mudalsl cdalrt` kc d`hc sl mcdrçcb
fl lst`. Lrc lk rlslbtagalbt` fl su pcfrl. Xu pcfrl ls ub pkcbtlcf` guhm`s pr`dklgcs.
p`h` lk tap` ck qul kl iustc mchlr abfahcha`bls plrlbt`racs uhmab:: Xa b` ctchcdc c su gcfrl hucbf` ustlf k` mchçc,
Gabuhmab
Gab
chlrhc flk g`f` fl chtucr lb rlkchaøb h`b t`f`. @dslrvá qul lbt`bhls sl p`bçc flk kcf` fl su gcfrl, cubqul b` mahalsl
p`fçc chlptcrkcs ` rlhmczcrkcs y qul ls` b` k` plrturdcdc, csç, bcfc.
lb k` qul gl h`bhlrbçc, b` gl prl`hupá flgcsacf`. _lr` lkkc, Xló`r Yciblr: \gg, mug.
fldaf` c sus slbtagalbt`s lg`tav`s mchac su pcfrl, t`fc su
ilrlbhac qul ák mchçc kc rlhmczcdc p`r h`gpklt` y slbtçc qul Kc ubaøb fl f`s plrs`bcs h`b kc abtlbhaøb fl n`rgcr ubc
ák kl mchçc plrpltucglbtl abfahcha`bls, cquç, ckkç, lb t`fcs ncgakac, h`bstatuyl lk h`galbz` n`rgck fl ubc bulvc ubafcf
pcrtls. ncgakacr. _lr` lbtrl kc abahachaøb n`rgck fl ubc ncgakac y kc
hrlchaøb fl ubc ubafcf vacdkl mcy ub ircb trlhm`. \bc fl
Gab uhmab:: Dulb`, vlcg`s sa lbtalbf` k` qul Gcre faj` lb
Gabuhmab kcs tcrlcs qul lbnrlbtc kc bulvc pcrljc ls kc bli`hachaøb fl
n`rgc fastabtc. Gl pcrlhl qul ustlfls sl hcscr`b y ustlf su rlkchaøb h`b kc ncgakac flk høbyuil. Cflgãs, hcfc ncgakac
(faraiaábf`sl c kc lsp`sc) qulrçc slpcrcrsl fl kc ncgakac. \s fl `railb fldl cfcptcrsl c kc slpcrchaøb ` slpcrchaøb pcrhack
tlf qulrçc hrlcr ubc nr`btlrc y lsplrcdc qul ák kc cyufcsl fá ub` fl sus galgdr`s, kc abhkusaøb fl ub bulv` galgdr`
c hrlcrkc. _lr` vavalr`b lb su hcsc y Gcre sl kklvcdc dalb y kc csagakchaøb flk sudsastlgc flk høbyuil lb lk gcrh` flk
h`b sus pcfrls. °K` cyufø ák c n`rtcklhlr k`s kçgatls ckrlflf`r nubha`bcgalbt` flk sastlgc ncgakacr. Xa kcs lstruhturcs fl kcs
suy` h`g` lsp`sc, ` chcs` sl h`bvartaø lb ub maj` fl sus ncgakacs fl `railb, abstcurcfcs flsfl mchl guhm` talgp` b`
pcfrls0 sl g`fanahcb, ls p`sadkl qul kkliulb c cglbczcr lk pr`hls` fl
Xló`rc Yciblr: B` sá sa pulf` h`btlstcrkl. h`bstatuhaøb fl ubc bulvc ubafcf.
uhmab:: °Kl g`klstcdc c ustlf hucbf` su lsp`s` h`bnrc
Gabuhmab
Gab
tlrbazcdc h`b su pcfrl galbtrcs ustlf lstcdc lb`jcfc h`b uhmab:: °Høg` nul rlckglbtl0 °H`b quaáb tlbçc kcs fas
Gabuhmab
Gab
ástl0 °Hucbf` h`bnrctlrbazcdc h`b su gcfrl galbtrcs ustlf husa`bls, h`b su pcfrl ` h`b su gcfrl0
lstcdc lb`jcfc h`b lkkc0 Xló`rc Yciblr: Ga gcfrl‖¡b`! B` sá. B` pulf` ch`r
Xló`rc Yciblr: B`, ák bubhc t`gcdc pcrtaf`, p`r k` qul‖ fcrgl.
uhmab:: Ls agp`sadkl.
Gabuhmab
Gab Xló`r Yciblr: Vu pcfrl c trcvás fl tu gcfrl.
Xló`rc Yciblr: B` k` mchçc ‖ bubhc vlbçc c flhargl "lstãs Xló`rc Yciblr: °Lrc csç0 B` pulf` ch`rfcrgl, nul mchl
lquav`hcfc". Q p`r k` ilblrck kc qul k` lstcdc lrc y`, b` tcbt` talgp`.
ga ncgakac. Gabuhmab:: Lk faj` "tu pcfrl c trcvás fl tu gcfrl". Ls ubc
Gabuhmab
uhmab:: Nçjlsl, sa ák b` t`gcdc pcrtaf`, lstcdc t`gcbf`
Gabuhmab
Gab kabfc gcblrc fl flhark`. °Ls csç høg` nubha`bc0
pcrtaf`. Xló`r Yciblr: B` lstã t`tckglbtl rlkcha`bcf` h`b su gc-
6> 69
frl ba h`b su pcfrl5 ubc pcrtl flk pr`dklgc lrc y`. Xalgprl fançhak p`sahaøb fl tlblr qul lkliar lbtrl su lsp`sc y su sul
gl pcrlhaø qul ga sulirc y y`, lb halrt` g`f`, árcg`s ubc irc. Kc satuchaøb qul k`s Yciblr flshradlb ls ub pr`dklgc fl
z`bc tcgpøb
tcgpøb lbtrl lkk`s. Xalgprl gl pcrlhaø qul sa h`bsaflr
h`bsaflrcdc
cdc "kçgatls" ‖ub pr`dklgc fl bli`hacr rlikcs cflhucfcs pcrc
qul ga lsp`sc lstcdc lquav`hcfc, p`fçc flhçrslk`, y sa lstcdc kc n`rgchaøb fl bulv`s sudsastlgcs. Vcgdaáb ls ub pr`dkl
t`tckglbtl lquav`hcfc, farçc "lstãs lquav`hcfc", plr` bubhc gc `raiabcf` lb lk gcbtlbagalbt` abcflhucf` fl pcutcs fl
gl pcrlhaø qul lstcdc t`tckglbtl lquav`hcfc. Ls p`sadkl qul rlkchaøb.
gl mcyc pcrlhaf` qul lstcdc lquav`hcfc lb k` qul mchçc,
plr` qul fldçc mcdlr ckiubc rczøb pcrc lkk`, p`r k` glb`s Gabuhmab:: °Huãk ls su b`gdrl0
Gabuhmab
lb k` qul c gç rlsplhtc. Xló`rc Yciblr: Lgaky.
uhmab:: °Gcre ls salgprl slbsct`0
Gabuhmab
Gab uhmab:: Lgaky. Dalb, ga b`gdrl ls Xck. °Suá tap` fl
Gabuhmab
Gab
Xló`rc Yciblr: \ggg, mugggg. ncgakac ls kc suyc0 Suazã pulfc flshradar c su ncgakac. Q Gcre
uhmab:: Dulb`, ls` fldl slr guy f`k`r`s`.
Gabuhmab
Gab pulfl cyufcrkc, plr` søk` sa ustlf k` blhlsatc. °Fl chulrf`0
Xló`rc Yciblr: C vlhls. Ls guy slbsct` y y` s`y guy Lgpalhl ustlf, y sa k` blhlsatc c ustlf, Gcre, sl k` plfarã.
akøiahc. X`g`s tcb fanlrlbtls h`g` lk fçc y kc b`hml. Xló`rc Yciblr: Dulb`, tlbi` ub mlrgcb`, h`b lk qul b`
uhmab:: Csç qul lb lsc áp`hc ustlf qulrçc slr ubc ls
Gabuhmab
Gab mcdkcdc mcstc mchl ckrlflf`r fl trls có`s. _lklãdcg`s h`g`
p`sc y sliuçc salbf` ubc majc. plrr` y ict`. Q` tlbçc ubc rlkchaøb guy çbtagc h`b ga gcfrl.
Xló`rc Yciblr-, Csa ls. Ga pcfrl,
b`s b` k` pufl s`p`rtcr mcstc qul gl hcsá. Q gãs ` gl
saiul aiuck.
uhmab:: Q lkk`s b` gcfurcr`b. Xus pcfrls b` gcfurcr`b.
Gabuhmab
Gab
Xló`rc Yciblr: B` gas‖b`, b` farçc qul gas pcfrls, farçc Gab uhmab:: B` pcrlhl mcdlr guhmc h`gubahchaøb.
Gabuhmab
qul nua y` kc qul b` gcfurá. Xló`rc Yciblr: B`, plr` lxastl ubc t`tckafcf, lxastl ubc
uhmab:: B`, lkk`s tcgp`h` hrlhalr`b.
Gabuhmab
Gab halrtc h`gubahchaøb, scdl, y ubc halrtc lstcdakafcf.
Xló`rc Yciblr-. Hrl` qul fashrlp` h`b ustlf. Gab uhmab:: °Kc h`btr`kcdcb guhm`0 °Xl prl`hupcdcb p`r k`
Gabuhmab
uhmab:: Xaiualr`b trctãbf`kc c ustlf h`g` ubc majc hucb
Gabuhmab
Gab qul mchçc0
f` yc lrc ubc lsp`sc. Xló`rc Yciblr: Dulb`, ga pcfrl sç, ga gcfrl b`. Ga gc
Xló`rc Yciblr: _ulfl slr, hrl` qul ls csç. frl lrc guy abfukilbtl. Ch`stugdrcdc c pr`tlilrgl p`r kcs
h`scs qul y` mchçc gck.
uhmab:: °Xcdl0 Ls` qualrl flhar qul b` gcfurcr`b. Lb
Gabuhmab
Gab
k` qul c ustlf rlsplhtc, nrlbtl c kc bulvc satuchaøb, kc saiual Gab uhmab:: \gg. Csa, mcdçc cki` lbtrl ustlf, su pcfrl y
Gabuhmab
r`b trctcbf` h`g` ubc majc hucbf` ustlf yc mcdçc hcgdacf`. su gcfrl lb k` qul ustlf p`fçc g`vlr ck ub` h`btrc lk `tr`.
Lrc ubc majc, plr` lrc ubc lsp`sc. Xló`rc Yciblr: Dulb`, plr` y` ‖ lgplhá c nugcr c k`s
trlhl. B` tuvl plrgas` fl ga pcfrl pcrc mchlrk` mcstc qul
K`s pcfrls fl kc sló`rc Yciblr lrcb abhcpchls fl hcgdacr hugpkç falhasáas, plr` p`fçc nugcr flkcbtl fl ga gcfrl.
pcrc cfcptcrsl c kcs bulvcs harhubstcbhacs. Lb kuicr fl cprlb Hucbf` ák b` lstcdc, kklbcdc kc hcsc fl mug`.
flr c trctcrkc h`g` ubc lsp`sc, h`gpr`gltafc lb kc n`rgc uhmab:: Lrc h`g` ub traãbiuk`.
Gabuhmab
Gab
haøb fl ubc bulvc ubafcf s`hack, saiualr`b trctãbf`kc nubfc Xló`rc Yciblr: X`kçc mchlrgl kc lbnlrgc, scdl, qulfcrgl
glbtckglbtl h`g` su majc, udahcbf` c su bulv` lsp`s` lb kc lb hcsc y b` ar c kc lshulkc, y lkkc scdac qul b` lstcdc lbnlrgc
6= 61
flspuás fl gãs ` glb`s kcs =.3<, y gl lbhudrçc pcrc qul pu tap` fl ncgakac lrc0 Sualr` qul lbtalbfcb k` qul lst`y trc
falsl qulfcrgl lk rlst` flk fçc. tcbf` fl mchlr. Sualr` h`b`hlr ckiubcs fl kcs h`scs qul tu
Xló`r Yciblr: @m, cki` gãs qul ls`. valr`b qul hrlcr pcrc slpcrcrsl fl sus ncgakacs fl `railb.
Gab uhmab:: Lsplrl ub p`h`. Lkkc lstã flshradalbf` c su nc
Gabuhmab Xló`r Yciblr: Dulb`, pulf` lgplzcr h`b kcs fanlrlbhacs
gakac y ls lkkc kc qul talbl qul prliubtcrkl. lbtrl kcs f`s. Ga ncgakac, lb h`btrcp`sahaøb, ls guy ubafc.
Xló`rc Yciblr:' Lk qualrl gltlr sus h`scs. _ulfl fldlrsl ck mlhm` qul gas pcfrls lrcb guy ubaf`s.
Xló`r Yciblr: H`g` ljlgpk`, gãs tcrfl, hucbf` b`s h` uhmab:: °Huãbt`s mlrgcb`s talbl0
Gabuhmab
Gab
b`hag`s, sa b`s qulfãdcg`s cnulrc mcstc kcs 4 ø 8 fl kc gc
Xló`r Yciblr: \b mlrgcb` gcy`r y ubc mlrgcbc glb`r.
ócbc, sa pcpã sl lbtlrcdc, dulb`, mcdrçc mcdaf` kç`, plr`
Xalgprl mahag`s h`scs jubt`s, h`b guy p`hc fash`rfac ` plklc
bubhc k` sup`.
fl lstc bcturcklzc lb lk slb` fl kc ncgakac.
Xló`rc Yciblr: Vu gcfrl y tu pcfrl tcgp`h` k` supalr`b.
Xló`r Yciblr: B`, plr` b` sl prl`hupcdcb, lsc ls kc fa Xló`rc Yciblr: _albs` qul tl lquav`hcs cquç. Xcdls, tu
nlrlbhac. gcfrl.
uhmab:: Lb su ncgakac, cki` `hurrçc lbtrl su pcfrl y su
Gabuhmab
Gab uhmab:: Lsplrl ub g`glbt`, °flslc qul lkkc abtlrvlbic0
Gabuhmab
Gab
gcfrl lb k` qul ustlf t`gø pcrtaf` p`r su gcfrl. Xló`r Yciblr: Xç, lstã dalb.
Xló`rc Yciblr: Tlhulrf` ub abhaflbtl, b` sá k` qul nul, Xló`rc Yciblr: Vú y tu gcfrl talblb guhm` h`btcht`, plr`
ga pcfrl sl pus` nura`s` p`r cki`. Q` lrc, scdl, flshcrcfc, tu pcfrl ls ub galgdr` lxhkuaf`.
tlbçc ubc klbiuc tlrradkl y b` gl huafcdc fl gcbfcrk` c pc Xló`r Yciblr: Xç, lb halrt` slbtaf` ls h`g` ub rlhaáb kkl
sl`. Fldçc tlblr quabhl, b` sá saqualrc quá mcdçc mlhm` qul icf`. Ga gcfrl lrc kc cbt`rhmc iuçc fl kc ncgakac.
k` pus` nura`s`, plr` sá qul b` gl mcdkcdc p`rqul lstcdc uhmab:: °Cbt`rhmc ircbfl ` plqulóc0
Gabuhmab
Gab
nura`s` p`r cki` qul y` mcdçc mlhm`, y ga gcfrl gl fljø sckar Xló`r Yciblr: \bc plqulóc cbt`rhmc, csç fl ircbfl (rascs).
p`rqul b` lstcdc fl chulrf` h`b su tl`rçc, y ák b` kl mcdkø Gabuhmab
Gab °_lt`` su pcfrl lstcdc cnulrc0
uhmab:: °_lt
p`r lk rlst` flk fçc, tcb lxcsplrcf` lstcdc. Sualr` flhar qul Xló`rc Yciblr: Xu pcfrl b` tlbçc bcfc qul vlr h`b kc
ástl lrc lk tap` fl satuchaøb, cplbcs ub abhaflbtl. ncgakac, rlckglbtl. Xu gcfrl lrc kc iuçc5 qualr` flhar qul lrc
Gab uhmab:: Csa, su gcfrl plklcdc h`b su pcfrl c trcvás suy`.
Gabuhmab lkkc qualb t`gcdc kcs flhasa`bls5 mchçc t`f` pcrc k`s baó`s.
Xló`rc Yciblr: _r`dcdklglbtl, sç. Cm, b` pulf` ch`rfcrgl Xló`r Yciblr: Xl `hupcdc fl gas r`pcs y fl ga vafc s`hack
fl qul ga pcfrl gl mcyc plicf` mcstc qul tuvl hlrhc fl y fl t`f`. Ls halrt`. @ nul ‖mc saf`‖ halrt`. Xab lbtrcr guy
quabhl, y lbt`bhls k` maz`. _albs` qul gl pliø ubc vlz. lb fltckkl, kc úbahc plrs`bc qul quazã b` lstcdc tcb hlrhc,
Gl i`kplø ub pcr fl vlhls, nul k` qul maz`5 b` kl mcdká. Q b` tcb hlrhc, lrc ga pcfrl. Lrc kc úbahc plrs`bc qul quazãs
kl faj` c su mlrgcb` qul‖y` lrc guy crr`icbtl. B` k` rls lrc cki` fanlrlbtl lb lk slbtaf` fl qul b` n`rgcdc pcrtl fl
pltcdc. kc ubafcf. Lb kc chtuckafcf, sab lgdcri`, t`fc kc satuchaøb
Gab uhmab:: Sualr` akustrcrk`s chlrhc flk g`f` lb qul sl flslb
Gabuhmab sl mc g`fanahcf`. Lb lsc áp`hc, sab lgdcri`, lrc ub lxtrcó`.
vulkvl ubc ncgakac, csç qul lgplzcg`s h`b su ncgakac, y k` B` mcdac guhmc plklc p`rqul lb halrt` g`f` abtlbtãdcg`s
qul gl pcrlhl ls ub traãbiuk` lb lk qul su gcfrl n`glbtcdc lvatcrb`s.
su lb`j` h`btrc su pcfrl. ^lcg`s c su ncgakac, Gcre. °Suá uhmab:: \stlf y su pcfrl.
Gabuhmab
Gab
<?
<3
<4 <8
Flspuás fl kc lgdlstafc, scdl, "tl `fa`" y "tl `fa`" ‖lsl r`b c Ecbscs. Q ckkç b` lrc yc ubc majc, p`rqul sus pcfrls
lrc lk bavlk fl bulstrc h`gubahchaøb. Nabckglbtl kklicg`s b` lstcdcb ckkç5 b` lrc ubc lstufacbtl, b` trcdcjcdc, plr` fl
mcstc ub pubt` lb lk qul b`s `faãdcg`s gutucglbtl flspuás ub g`f` u `tr` b` lrc ubc lsp`sc.
fl ub rct`. Xló`rc Yciblr: Hrl` qul talbl rczøb, sa.
Xló`r Yciblr: @ hrlçg`s qul csç lrc.
\b gctrag`ba` fldl sustatuar fltlrgabcfcs fasp`saha`bls s`
Xló`rc Yciblr: °Xcdl k` qul suhlfçc0 Lk tlbçc ub lshcpl
hackls qul mcb saf` cdcbf`bcfcs pcrc kc n`rgchaøb fl kc bul
y y` b` tlbçc babiubc gcblrc fl lshcpcrgl, csç qul gl qul
vc ubafcf. Kc hrlchaøb fl ub bulv` sastlgc s`hack saibanahc
fcdc slbtcfc ckkç.
kc hrlchaøb ` h`bs`kafchaøb fl ub kçgatl ckrlflf`r fl kc pc
uhmab:: _`r supulst`. Tlckglbtl, ák b` hcgdaø guhm` su
Gabuhmab
Gab
rljc. Xl vlb slpcrcf`s fl fltlrgabcf`s h`btcht`s y chtavafc
gcblrc fl vavar. Cbtls lrc ub lstufacbtl, y flspuás tcgdaáb.
fls cbtlra`rls. Kc abvlrsaøb lb lk gctrag`ba` sl `dtalbl c lx
°Fl quá gcblrc hcgdaø su vafc0
plbscs fl `trcs rlkcha`bls.
Xló`rc Yciblr: Lb bcfc, sckv` qul ubc talbl qul lsplrcr
Lk ircf` fl abvlrsaøb lb lk gctrag`ba` pulfl flplbflr fl
ub dldá y kuli` tlblrk` y huafcrk`.
uhmab:: °Suá mchçc cbtls flk gctrag`ba`0
Gabuhmab
Gab
huãbt` mc saf` k` qul sl cdcbf`bø. Gcre Yciblr saiuaø
Xló`rc Yciblr: Lrc lstufacbtl, y flspuás trcdcjá furcbtl rlckazcbf` kc gasgc tcrlc, kc fl lstufacr, hucbf` nulr`b c
ub talgp`. Ecbscs. Lkkc, p`r su pcrtl, sl va` cgputcfc fl su vafc cbtl
ra`r, fl g`f` tck qul kl plfçc c kc rlkchaøb guhm` gãs fl
Gab uhmab:: Lbt`bhls, lk lstak` fl vafc fl Gcre b` nul plr
Gabuhmab k` qul kl plfçc Gcre.
turdcf` p`r lk gctrag`ba` y lk suy` sç.
Xló`rc Yciblr: _lrføblgl, kl paf` fashukpcs, b` lbtlbfç Gabuhmab: Cm`rc, °quá maz` pcrc hcgdacr ls`0
Gabuhmab:
lst`. Xló`rc Yciblr: °Suá qualrl flhar, cm`rc0
uhmab:: Lk gctrag`ba` cktlrø guhm` su lstak` fl vafc.
Gabuhmab
Gab uhmab: B`, lbt`bhls. Gl rlnalr` c qul p`r k` qul vl`
Gabuhmab:
Gab
Lk fl ák b`. pcrc Gcre nul gãs nãhak hcscrsl sab hcgdacr rlckglbtl guhm`
Xló`rc Yciblr: Halrt`, hrl` qul ls csç5 palbs` qul talbl lb rlkchaøb h`b su vafc cbtlra`r. _lr` pcrc ustlf nul guy
rczøb. fanlrlbtl. Flplbfçc fl ustlf, lbt`bhls, lk abtlbtcr hcgdacrk`,
hmab: Q lbt`bhls ustlf qulrçc cki` gãs fl ák.
Gabuhmab:
Gabu pulst` qul ák lstcdc høg`f`. °Suá maz` ustlf0
Xló`rc Yciblr: Xa, p`rqul ák sliuçc h`b kc gasgc rutabc Xló`rc Yciblr: °Suá mahl0
qul tlbac cbtls flk gctrag`ba`. uhmab: Xa, h`g` °høg` k` schufaø0 H`gprlbfl, ák ls
Gabuhmab:
Gab
uhmab: B` cfgatçc qul lstcdc hcscf`.
Gabuhmab:
Gab tcdc f`rgaf`.
Xló`rc Yciblr: Hrl` qul k` cfgatçc, dulb`, k` mchçc mcstc Xló`rc Yciblr: @m, b` sá, b` pu pulf`
lf` . . .
halrt` pubt`. ^`kvçc ck m`icr c ub flpcrtcglbt` qul lstcdc Gab uh mab : °Høg` k` schufaø lkkc0 (kcric pcusc).
kagpa` y prlpcrcfc kc h`gafc, hrl` qul flspuás qul kkliø V`g Xló`r Yciblr: \stlf mc vast` søk` ub` fl k`s kcf`s fl kc
gy mud` cki` gãs fl fls`ricbazchaøb (rascs). mast`rac (rascs). Cm, b`, tck h`g` k` vl`, b` abtlbtø rlckglbtl
uhmab: Dulb`. B` gltcg`s t`fcvçc c V`ggy. \stlfls
Gabuhmab:
Gab schufargl. K` qul maz` nul supragar kc h`gubahchaøb, p`r
sl gufcr`b flspuás fl huctr` tlrradkls glsls, hucbf` ustlf h`gpklt`.
lrc t`fcvçc ubc majc salbf` yc ubc lsp`sc5 kuli` sl gufc- Xló`rc Yciblr: \gggg.
<> <9
Kc tcrlc fl h`bstatuhaøb fl kc ncgakac Yciblr rlquaraø g`glbt` flk bchagalbt` ák lstuv` guy hlrhcb`5 qualr` flhar,
ub talgp` dcstcbtl pr`k`bicf`, y lkk` sl fldaø, lb pcrtl, c dulb`, lstuv` h`bgai` furcbtl k`s f`k`rls fl pcrt`.
qul kc ncgakac lstcdc abglrsc lb satucha`bls s`hackls qul `ds Gab uhmab: °Vuv` ustlf, tuv` ustlf ub pcrt` bcturck0
Gabuhmab:
tchukazcdcb kc n`rgchaøb fl ubc ubafcf h`byuick lstcdkl. Xló`r Yciblr: B` rlckglbtl, b` lstuvl h`b lkkc lb lk pcrt`.
_raglr` vavalr`b h`b k`s pcfrls fl Lgaky. Lgaky mcdçc saf` Lstuvl h`b lkkc furcbtl k`s f`k`rls flk pcrt` y mcstc lk
pcrtl fl ubc lstruhturc trcbschha`bck fasnubha`bck lb lk gc pcrt`.
trag`ba` fl sus pcfrls. Hucbf` sl hcscr`b, ást`s nulr`b ab Gab uhmab: Dulb`, tuv` c V`ggy y b` k` blhlsatcdc c us
Gabuhmab:
hcpchls fl rlbubhacr c lkkc l, abhkus`, abh`rp`rcr`b ck gcraf` c tlf, °quá kl suhlfaø lbt`bhls c ustlf0
sus pr`pacs pcutcs. Gcre y Lgaky nulr`b abhcpchls fl cp`ycrsl Xló`rc Yciblr: Bcfc. Xaiuaø lstufacbf`.
gutucglbtl pcrc h`bs`kafcr kc nr`btlrc lbtrl lkk`s y k`s pc Xló`r Yciblr: Bcfc rlckglbtl hcgdaø. Lb halrt` slbtaf`,
frls fl Lgaky. Hucbf` sl gufcr`b, kcs blhlsafcfls fl Gcre c gç...
h`g` lstufacbtl y h`g` lk qul pcrhackglbtl icbcdc k` blhl Xló`rc Yciblr: Nul c k`s hurs`s kc gasgc b`hml flk fçc
scra` pcrc gcbtlblrsl k` suglrialr`b, fljãbf`kl lshcsc hc lb qul su maj` bchaø fl gcócbc. Nul c hkcsl cubqul b` fur
pchafcf pcrc ub h`gpr`gas` lg`ha`bck saibanahctav` h`b su gaø lb t`fc kc b`hml.
gujlr. Kcs p`sadakafcfls fl ub cp`y` gutu` sl valr`b cbukc uhmab: @m. °Suá `hurraø lbt`bhls0 ^lb, lbt`bhls mcdçc
Gabuhmab:
Gab
fcs p`r pcutcs fasnubha`bckls. `hurraf` cki` bulv`. Lkkc tlbçc ub maj` pr`pa`. Lrc gcfrl.
uhmab: Lxcgablg`s k` qul `hurraø lb lsl g`g
Gabuhmab:
Gab g`glbt`.
lbt`. Q ustlf p`fçc slr pcfrl ` p`fçc b` slrk`, °gl lbtalbfl0
\stlf tlbçc ubc cktlrbctavc.
Lbtalbflb, lb lsl g`glbt` `hurraø cki` nubfcglbtck. °Huãb
f` bchaø V`ggy0 Hucbf` bchl ub baó`, fldlb cpcrlhlr bulvcs nubha`bls.
Xló`rc Yciblr: Flspuás fl qul nuag`s c Ecbscs. Lk nubha`bcgalbt` fl ubc ubafcf h`byuick fldl g`fanahcrsl
uhmab:: °Suá `hurraø lbt`bhls0
Gabuhmab
Gab pcrc lbnrlbtcr k`s rlqulragalbt`s fl kc pctlrbafcf. Lb ilbl
Xló`rc Yciblr: B` glj`rø. Lgpl`rø. rck, lk sastlgc fldl lnlhtucr k`s h`gpklj`s hcgda`s rlqulra
uhmab: Dulb`, °plr` høg`0 Lbt`bhls k` tlbçc c V`ggy.
Gabuhmab:
Gab f`s pcrc pcscr fl ub sastlgc fl f`s c ub sastlgc fl trls.
Xló`rc Yciblr: Ls halrt`, y lbt`bhls b` blhlsatcdc c Gcre. _`r k` ilblrck, lk h`gpr`gas` fl kc gujlr h`b ubc ubafcf
Xagpklglbtl, k` lxhkuç p`r h`gpklt`, scdl. fl trls, abhkuylbf` ub gcy`r h`gpr`gas` h`b lk gctrag`ba`,
uhmab:: Xl h`bvartaø lb ubc gcfrl.
Gabuhmab
Gab sl abahac h`b lk lgdcrcz`. Lk baó` ls ubc rlckafcf pcrc lkkc
Xló`rc Yciblr: Csç ls.
guhm` cbtls qul pcrc lk m`gdrl. Tlhaáb lb lk bchagalbt`
ák h`galbzc c slbtarsl h`g` ub pcfrl, y, lb ckiub`s hcs`s, ab
Gab uhmab: °Suá kl `hurraø c ustlf0
Gabuhmab: hkus` gãs tcrfl. Lk m`gdrl pulfl sliuar sab h`gpr`gltlrsl
Xló`r Yciblr: B` hcgdaá k` sunahalbtl, pr`dcdklglbtl. galbtrcs kc gujlr yc sl lstã cfcptcbf` c ub bulv` bavlk fl
Lb halrt` g`f` hcgdaá, plr`, ubc vlz gãs, lstcdc fltrãs fl n`rgchaøb ncgakacr.
ga plquló` gur`.
uhmab:: °V`ggy lrc agp`rtcbtl pcrc ustlf0
Gabuhmab
Gab Xló`rc Yciblr: Lk salgprl mc saf` ub pcfrl.
Xló`r Yciblr: @m, sç. Xló`r Yciblr: B` sá rlckglbtl quá flhar. B` pulf` plb
Xló`rc Yciblr: Lstãdcg`s guy prøxag`s ‖dulb`‖ lb lk scr cm`rc, y b` pulf` flhar qul hcgdaá rcfahckglbtl ` qul
>? >3
sus flsl`s y ák lstcdc faspulst` c plklcr h`bgai`, y y` fajl qul p`r k` glb`s h`gpr`dlg`s huãkls s`b bulstr`s pr`dkl
"b` vcs c plklcr h`bgai`5 sagpklglbtl vcs c plklcr h`btai` gcs, y sa b` p`flg`s h`gubahcrb`s quazãs ubc plrs`bc pul
pulst` qul lrls tú lk qul vc c pcrlhlr rafçhuk`". Cki` h`g` fl cyufcrb`s c h`gubahcrb`s. Suazã b` ls cki` tcb slra`
lst` p`fçc abahacr ubc fasputc fl habh` glsls, lbtalbfl. Q` h`g` hrllg`s, quazã sagpklglbtl sl jubtø ub g`btøb fl
adc h`btrc sus flsl`s. h`satcs". Lbt`bhls vag`s ub h`bsljlr` gctrag`back, mchl gãs
Gabuhmab:: Xcdl, k` qul ustlf flshradl ls tcb mcdatuck. Gl
Gabuhmab ` glb`s ub có`.
`hurraø c gç y kl `hurraø c t`f` lk gubf`. °Suá `hurraø lb Gabuhmab:: Dalb. Dulb`, °ustlf flhçc qul lk g`glbt` hratah`
Gabuhmab
t`bhls0 V`ggy lstcdc hrlhalbf`, y cm`rc lrcb trls y b` nul hucbf`, hucbf` pcrtalr`b fl Ecbscs0
f`s. Cm`rc tlbçcb ub g`flk` qul mcdçcb cprlbfaf` lb sus Xló`r` Yciblr: \gggg mgggg. Nul huctr` ` habh` gl
m`icrls: qul pcpã y gcgã plklcb c trcvás fl gç. Lk qul ustl sls flspuás fl qul...
fls flshradalr`b h`g` lk g`flk` fl sus m`icrls. Gabuhmab:
Gabuhm ab: Flspuás fl qul vabalr`b cquç. Dulb`, `dslrvcb
Xló`rc Yciblr: _lr` bubhbubhcc k` lbtlbfç csç mcstc qul us qul lb lsl g`glbt` sl pr`fujlr`b ubc slral fl hcgda`s. Qc
tlf gl k` faj`. b` lrcb lstufacbtls. Lrc kc praglrc vlz qul b` fasp`bçcb
ab: Dulb`, plr`
Gabuhmab:
Gabuhm plr ` v`kvcg
v`kvcg`s`s cm`rc c V`ggy y vlc fl ub hcgab` pcrc harhukcr sab pr`dklgcs. °Suá kls `hurraø
g`s sa lstl g`flk`... c ustlfls0
Xló`r Yciblr: Cquç lst`y ylbf` mchac ubc bulvc satuc
Xló`rc
fufc, Yciblr:
uscg`s Farçc qul
c V`ggy pcrck`plklcr.
mahag`s.
Q`Xç,p`fçc
sab fufc, `m, sab
lbnurlhlrgl haøb5 g`fanahcg`s bulstrc satuchaøb p`r h`gpklt`, ls ub tap`
h`b Gcre y hlrrcrkl kc pulrtc y ák sl qulfcdc cnulrc i`k- fl vafc t`tckglbtl fastabt`. Q`, lb ub rabhøb fl ga glbtl, rc
plcbf` kc pulrtc, y y` kklvcdc c V`ggy c kc vlbtcbc y ha`bckahá qul hucbf` b`s arçcg`s fl ckkç ‖fl lsc satuchaøb-
-lst` lrc tlrradkl‖ k` slóckcdc ‖y flhçc‖ garc, V`ggy, garc kcs h`scs glj`rcrçcb. _lr` b` glj`rcr`b. Xa cki` hcgdaø, nul
c lsl m`gdrl rcr`, y b`s qulfãdcg`s cmç mchaábf`kl g`ras pcrc pl`r.
qultcs. Gabuhm ab: °Fl quá gcblrc0
Gabuhmab:
Xló`r Yciblr: Xç (rascs). Xló`r Yciblr: Lb k` qul c gç h`bhalrbl, lgpl`rcr`b, p`r
Xló`rc Yciblr: Lk sl qulfcdc ckkç, guralbf`, faspulst` c qul b` p`fac h`btr`kcrkcs, kc gcblrc lb qul p`fçc, qul slb
gctcrb`s c k`s f`s, c gctcrgl p`rqul y` abstaicdc ck dldat`, tçc qul p`fçc lb lsl `tr` hkagc, lsc plqulóc ubavlrsafcf,
lbtalbfl... y`...
Gabuhm
Gab uhmab'.
ab'. \stlf trcbsnlrçc ub g`flk` ncgakacr qul cprlb ab: °Høg` gcbtuv` c su ncgakac hucbf` lstcdcb
Gabuhmab:
Gabuhm
faø lb su m`icr c su gctrag`ba`. lb Ecbscs0
Xló`rc Yciblr:
Yciblr: Hrl` qul lb ub h`galbz` k` mahl, sa. Xló`r Yciblr: Vlbçc ub trcdcj` fl vlrcb`, lbt`bhls b` kc
Gabuhm
Gab uhmab:
ab: °Høg` hcgdaø ls`0, p`rqul ls cki` guy plrba vlçc lb lk vlrcb`. Abhkus` hucbf` lstãdcg`s hcscf`s.
ha`s`. °Høg` k` hcgdaø0 Gabuhm ab: °Lst`, lst` k`s gcbtlbçc lh`bøgahcglbtl0
Gabuhmab:
Xló`r Yciblr: Cm, sa ustlf fahl, rlckglbtl ub pubt` lb Xló`r Yciblr: Lb k` nubfcglbtck. _lfç fablr` prlstcf`5
lk qul hcgdacg`s, kklicg`s c ubc hrasas, ` plrç`f` hratah`, trcdcjcdc lb kc lshulkc, y mchçc lst` furcbtl lk vlrcb`.
hucbf` kl fajl, ummm, "` vlg`s ub h`bsljlr` gctrag`back ` Gabuhm ab: °Xus pcfrls k` cyufcdcb ` ustlf...0
Gabuhmab:
sa b` tl `kvafcs
`kvafcs fl t`f`. _albs`
_albs` qul slrac rafahuk` mchlrk` dcstc Xló`rc Yciblr: Gas pcfrls sa. Q sus pcfrls tcgdaáb.
>= >9
scbirl fl kc bcraz. V`f`s b`s`tr`s tlblg`s lstcs h`scs. Q, Vlbçc galf`, plr` hucbf` v`kvç plbsá qul quazã b`s kklvc
scdlb, ckiub`s gctrag`ba`s plrfurcb y `tr`s b`. _lr` t`f`s rçcg`s dalb, y hrl` qul csç nul lk praglr fçc, plr` ck fçc sa
pcscg`s p`r ls`, fl fanlrlbtls gcblrcs. iualbtl v`kvag`s c bulstrc cbtaiuc rutabc. Gl slbtçc h`g`
_rliubtc: B` tlbi` hkcr` p`r quá tuvalr`b søk` huctr` sa b` mudalsl vckaf` kc plbc v`kvlr.
lbhulbtr`s h`b lk h`bsljlr` gctrag`back y høg` flhafalr`b _rliubtc: Xup`bi` qul abhkus` hucbf` p`blb dcrrlrcs, kcs
susplbflr. plrs`bcs sl saiulb h`gubahcbf` cúb fl `trcs gcblrcs sa
Xló`r Yciblr: XlX l p`frçc flhar qul ák r`g
r`gpaø
paø kc hcpcrc gcbtalblb lk h`btcht`. Q hrl` qul ls pcrtl fl lst`, scdl, rlck
zøb5 flrradø kc dcrrlrc y lbt`bhls pufag`s h`gubahcrb`s lbtrl glbtl, k` qul sl gcbanlstø m`y, qul ustlfls talblb guhm`
b`s`tr`s y, pulst` qul b`s h`gubahcg`s h`b tcbtc sabhlrafcf h`btcht`. \stlfls sl h`bsuktcb chlrhc fl guhmcs h`scs, hucb
lb lsl g`glbt`, b` sl lsh`bfaø bcfc ba bcfc p`r lk lstak`, f` mcdkcb. _ulflb abtlrrugparsl, y ustlf k` abtlrrugpl gãs
y cgd`s h`gprlbfag`s qul mcdçcg`s h`gltaf` lrr`rls. qul ák c ustlf .,.
_rliubtc: Flfuzh` qul mud` ub g`glbt` lb su vafc lb Xló`rc Yciblr: Xab fufc ...
pcrtahukcr hucbf` ustlf lstcdc faspulst` c `nrlhlr cki`... _rliubtc: Q t`f` k` flgãs, plr` lxastl ubc ircb h`guba
Xló`r Yciblr: F`bfl cbtls b` p`fçc. hchaøb qul sl gcbanalstc lb lk g`f` lb qul sl garcb y sl
_rliubtc: Xç, ustlf puf` bli`hacr ... h`bsuktcb chlrhc fl ckiubcs h`scs, uscbf` sus hulrp`s y sus
Xló`r Yciblr: _r`dcdklg
_r`dcdklglbtl
lbtl ls` rlqualrl tcbt` talgp` `j`s, lth., qul hrl` qul ls cki` qul `hurrl lb kcs ncgakacs,
h`g` huckqualr `trc h`sc. k` qul ls ub g`f` fl h`gubahchaøb qul p`r k` ilblrck b`
_rliubtc: Vlbi` ub pcr fl prliubtcs pcrc mchlrkl. Lb lk sl talbl sunahalbtlglbtl lb hulbtc. Lsc n`rgc fl h`gubahcrsl
trcbshurs` flk plrç`f` abahack hucbf` lstcdc `hurralbf` t`f` pulfl lstcr prlslbtl, galbtrcs lstãb lbnurlhaf`s chlrhc fl
ls`, °k` fljø ckiubc vlz0 kc dcsurc y lbnurlhaf`s chlrhc fl kcs rlikcs, mcy `trcs h`scs
Xló`rc Yciblr: Xç. Nuag`s c ubc lxhursaøb fl hcgpabi, qul nubha`bcb y sup`bi` qul s`b h`scs qul cgd`s flg`s
qul nul ubc lxplralbhac tlrradkl. Lk sliuçc ub hurs` fl da` trcr`b lb rlkchaøb h`b V`ggy y tcgdaáb lb kc rlkchaøb lbtrl
k`içc lb glfa` fl k`s d`squls y y` lstcdc ckkç flsfl mchçc ustlfls. B` lxastl ubc arc gcklv`klbtl, kc arc b` ls flk tap`
trls slgcbcs, gl slbtçc guy gck: sl mcdçc af` p`r t`f` lk fl... hucbf` fulkl, b` gl pcrlhaø qul nulsl "kc qul kklvc
fçc y b` mcdçc vlhab`s, lstcdc c trlhl eakøgltr`s fl kc c gctcr".
haufcf lb sckv`
h`b bcfal lk glfa` flk d`squl,
V`ggy, h`bhkcsls
y ák tlbçc bcfalfl
hlrhc. Lrclrc
b`hml5 tlrradkl,
h`g` Xló`r Yciblr: Lrc gãs... gãs ncksc.
Xló`rc Yciblr: Lrc gãs h`b kc abtlbhaøb fl mlrar, gãs qul
ubc lxplralbhac fl kcd`rct`ra`, rlckglbtl, y ák tlbçc hkcsls
fl b`hml, y ub fçc kkcgá c hcsc y fajl: "p`r ncv`r, gãbflbgl bcfc. Hucbf` v`kvç c hcsc flspuás fl mcdlrgl af`, b` lstcdc
lk fablr`5 b` pulf` s`p`rtcr lst`", y nua c ga hcsc, gl adc lb`jcfc h`b ák5 lstcdc mcrtc, gl slbtçc flsfahmcfc, lstcdc
c qulfcr søk` ubc slgcbc y gl qulfá f`s slgcbcs y kuli` gãs s`kc qul bcfc, p`rqul ák b` lstcdc ckkç, ` cki` csç. Sualr`
v`kvç y v`kvag`s c Ecbscs pcrc ubc vasatc y k` kklvá c V`ggy flhar, lb lscs f`s slgcbcs kc hulbtc fl tlkán`b` fl ga gcfrl
h`bgai` h`g` pcrc tlblr h`gpcóçc, scdl. nul fl 6? føkcrls, søk` p`r f`s slgcbcs. B`s kkcgãdcg`s
_rliubtc: °Vlbçc guhm` galf` hucbf` k` fljø0 t`f` lk talgp`, scdl. Xagpklglbtl, v`kvag`s c bulstr` cbta
Xló`rc Yciblr: Hucbf` v`kvç c hcsc, k` lxtrcóá guhm`. iu` g`f` fl slr. Hucbf` gl nua mcdçc ub hkagc lbnlrgaz`,
94 98
y hucbf` v`kvç tcgdaáb. Lb lscs f`s slgcbcs babiub` fl fuhl ub sucvazcgalbt` b`tcdkl. Ls` hucbf` t`f` vc dalb, plr`
b`s`tr`s mcdçc hcgdacf`. mlg`s vast` guhmcs plrs`bcs qul talblb kc gasgc slpcrchaøb
_rliubtc: \stlf sl rlnaraø c kcs h`scs lb rlkchaøb h`b kcs fl r`kls, h`b ub` qul sl `hupc flk pr`hls` fl plbscr y lk
huckls b` h`btcdcb h`b lk `tr`, p`r ljlgpk`, kc dcsurc, y gl `tr` flk slbtagalbt`5 b` fcb kc agprlsaøb fl nubha`bcr dalb
prliubt` lb rlkchaøb h`b quá, cm`rc, hcfc ub` fl ustlfls lb rlkchaøb h`b ls`... Lbt`bhls `dslrvcg`s cquç `trc hucka
pulfl h`btcr h`b lk `tr`. fcf. Fcfc lstc huckafcf, lst`s f`s nubha`bcb guy dalb, h`g`
uhmab: °Fl quá gcblrc sl cp`ycb gutucglbtl0
Gabuhmab:
Gab ustlf k` slóckø. B` pcrlhl tcb nrciglbtcf` h`g` k` lst`y
Xló`rc Yciblr: °Cm`rc0 Hrl` qul, lb k` qul h`bhalrbl flshradalbf`, pulst` qul, hrl`, cgd`s mchlb t`f`5 lb halrt`
c ga gcraf`, b` p`frçc tlblr ub glj`r gcraf`, glj`r pr` g`f`, lxastl pr`dcdklglbtl gãs suplrp`sahaøb fl k` qul
vllf`r5 ák ls guy h`kcd`rcf`r, b` mcy bcfc qul fljcrçc fl hrllg`s.
mchlr p`r gç, lb k` qul h`bhalrbl c kc lnahalbhac... Gab uhmab: Dulb`, furcbtl ub halrt` búglr` fl có`s lst`
Gabuhmab:
Xló`r Yciblr: Lst`
Lst ` nu
null cki` qul tuvag`s qul rls`kvlr lb b` cbfuv`. _albs` qul ubc fl kcs h`scs qul pr`dcdklglbtl
trl b`s`tr`s
b`s`tr`s f`s, cm .. . `hurraø nul kc ncktc fl h`gpr`gas` fl Gcre h`b lk gctra
Xló`rc Yciblr: Cbtls b` lrc hcpcz fl mchlr bcfc p`r g`ba`, °lm0 Sul ustlf saiuaø salbf` ubc plrs`bc s`ktlrc fu
rcbtl gãs talgp` qul lkkc.
su pr`pac hulbtc, plr` cm`rc b` pulf` fltlblrk`. Lk gl cyu
Xló`r Yciblr: Furcbtl guhm` gãs talgp`, ls halrt`. _crc
fc...
k`irøt`f` lk talgp`.
cfcptcrsl glj`r_`rck supulst`, hrl`hucbf`
gctrag`ba`5 qul `hurraø
puf` hucbf`
slbtarsl lkkc y` lrc ubc lsplhal fl scdam`bf`, gl lbtalbfl, sagpkl
nlkaz, fasnrutø lgdlkklhalbf` bulstrc hcsc y t`f` ls`, scdl. glbtl sl `p`bçc c ga bcturcklzc. Ba saqualrc lst`y faspulst`
c lgplzcr c fashutar cki`. Sualr` flhar qul kl p`bçc nab5 ls
Xló`r Yciblr: Nçjlsl, cbtls bubhc tuvl qul mchlr lscs h`
p`r ls` qul bubhc p`fçcg`s kklicr c babiubc h`bhkusaøb.
scs lb kc \bavlrsafcf, p`rqul tú k` mchçcs salgprl p`r ga, Q` p`fçc flhar cki` ` suilrar cki` y pr`dcdklglbtl p`fçc
lbt`bhls b` tuvl qul `hupcrgl. Q` sagpklglbtl flhçc: "k` slr cki` agplrctav` lb rlkchaøb h`b ls`, y lbt`bhls lkkc s`kçc
v`y c mchlr flspuás". Lrc guy pr`dcdkl lbt`bhls qul tú k` flhar: "dulb`, lrls ub scdam`bf`, fl t`fcs gcblrcs", y t`f`
mahalsls. tlrgabcdc csç. Q` tlbçc qul cprlbflr c rlhadar ckiub`s i`k
Lk hcgda` lb kc h`bfuhtc flk gcraf` sl ch`gpcóc h`b pls, cnk`jcr ub p`h`, y hlflr. @dslrvø qul ckiualb h`glbtø
ub hcgda` h`gpklglbtcra` lb kc abtlrchhaøb fl su lsp`sc h`b qul lkkc sulkl abtlrrugpargl h`b gcy`r nrlhulbhac qul y`
ák. °@ chcs` lk hcgda` sl pr`fuhl lb slbtaf` abvlrs`0 c lkkc. _lr` mchl ub có` ` f`s s`kçc `hurrargl k` h`btrcra`.
Xló`rc Yciblr: Lb rlckafcf, sa tlblg`s ubc h`bvlrschaøb
_rliubtc: Lb rlkchaøb h`b lst` mcy `trc h`sc qul ls guy b`rgck,
b`rg ck, Gcre kc g`b`p`kazc.
g`b`p`kazc. Q` lrc ..
. . . y` tlbi` qul abtlrrug
kkcgctavc, qul lk f`ht`r Gabuhmab slóckø lb ub g`glbt` park`, p`r k` ilblrck, pcrc p`flr flhar cki`. Hucbf` ák h`b
fcf`, gl rlnalr` c qul kc rlchhaøb fl kc sló`rc Yciblr ls tabúc, b` pulf` rlckglbtl flhar bcfc. Lb lsl slbtaf`, lstã
h`g` ub dcrøgltr` cnlhtav`, y p`r k` ilblrck lk sló`r Yci cúb lb su pr`pa` gubf`. \stlf fahl cki`, abhkus` sa sl
blr k` lquakadrc h`b ubc abtlrprltchaøb guy køiahc. Lxastl abtlrlsc aiuck qul ák lb ls`, plr` b`, b` pulfl flhar ba
lbt`bhls ubc lsplhal fl vatckafcf qul kc sló`rc Yciblr pulfl ubc pckcdrc.
fcrkl c ubc abtlrprltchaøb køiahc, y p`r lkk` gasg` sl pr`- _rliubtc: Gl lstcdc prliubtcbf`, qul, lb k` qul `hurraø
96 9<
m`y, °tlbac ub saibanahcf` pcrc k`s f`s, ub tap` fanlrlbtl fl h`bhlsa`bls qul mlg`s cfquaraf` lb lstl plrç`f`, y guhmcs
saibanahcf`0 h`scs sl mcb `raiabcf` lb ls`.
Xló`r Yciblr: Guy p`hcs h`scs. Lk faj` cki` qul quazã b` _rliubtc: °_`frçc flharb`s cki` chlrhc fl lscs h`scs0
ls rlckglbtl, b` pcrlhl agp`rtcbtl. Lk `dslrvø qul lb lstc Xló`r Yciblr: H`bhrltcglbtl, quazãs cm`rc tlbic ubc ch
rlkchaøb y` talbf` c mcdkcr c glfacs. Lkkc talbfl c mchlr k` tatuf gãs trcbquakc lb k` qul h`bhalrbl c kc lfuhchaøb fl
h`btrcrç`, y rlckglbtl bubhc k` supl, ck glb`s bubhc k` supl V`ggy.
Vrct` fl Hucbf`
mchlrkl ub baó` gl
lbtlbflr qul,fahl "b`",
scdl, b` b` gl lstrlglzh`.
sl fahl "b`". Lkkc
lb n`rgc h`bshalbtl, qul lrc csa. Q` salgprl hckanah` k` qul
lkkc fahl. chtúc lb n`rgc cki` fanlrlbtl: sa ustlf fahl "b`", dulb`, zcp,
Xló`rc Yciblr: _r`tliaábf`gl h`btrc gç gasgc. ustlf kc kaic. C lkkc b` sl kl pulfl flhar "b`". Lb rlkchaøb
Xló`r Yciblr: C vlhls salbt` h`g` sa lkkc gasgc sl tc h`b ls` tlblg`s ckiubcs fashrlpcbhacs. Fl t`f`s g`f`s, hrl`
pcsl kc d`hc. qul quazã su g`f` fl chtucr ls tcb h`rrlht` h`g` lk gç`,
plr` lb kc glfafc lb qul ák k` chlptc, lbt`bhls lkkc chlptc
Xló`rc Yciblr: K` mci`.
ga g`f` fl chtucr, y y` chlpt` lk suy`. Cbtls ls` lrc ubc
Xló`r Yciblr: Lkkc vc flgcsacf` kl klj`s,
j`s, vl. Mchl ubc il hcusc fl fashusa`bls5 b` mcdçc h`bhlsa`bls: lrc fl ub g`f`
blrckazchaøb nkcircbtl, dug, y` vulkv` y fai`: "dulb`, sç ` fl `tr`. Cm`rc ls ubc lsplhal fl h`gpr`gas` lbtrl cgd`s.
plr`...". Lstã lb ga bcturcklzc pr`hlflr fl lsl g`f`, pcrc Mlg`s cf`ptcf` k`s gát`f`s flk `tr`, p`r k` glb`s lb gcy`r
dalb ` pcrc gck. glfafc qul cbtls. Ls` ls quazã t`f` k` qul pulf` flhar. @tr`
_rliubtc: °Huãk nul lk hcgda` frcgãtah` c glfafc qul g`f` fl flhark`, hucbf` f`s plrs`bcs flhaflb lnlhtucr ub
ustlf sl h`gpr`gltaø gãs0 hcgda`, ls cki` fanlrlbtl hucbf` ub` k` mchl y hucbf` b`
Xló`r Yciblr: @m, b` hrl` qul mcyc saf` ub hcgda` frc k` mchl. H`abhafag`s lb lk hcgda`. Hrl` qul lkkc lstcdc
gãtah`. Hrl`, qul, plsl c kcs cpcralbhacs, b` lrc ubc rlkchaøb lsplrcbf` lk hcgda` guhm` cbtls fl qul y` gl flhafalsl
tcb gckc.
gckc. Lrcb søk` lscs plqulócs h`satcs, kc tlrqulfcf .. .lscs saqualrc c mchlrk`5 lkkc prlvlçc lsl hcgda`, lstcdc lsplrãb
h`satcs qul salgprl slrãb fash`rfcbtls, salgprl tarcbtls h`b f`k`, lb halrt` g`f`, csç qul hucbf` flhafç qul mcdrçc ub
trc hcfc ub` lb kc suplrnahal, y ls` dk`qulø guhm` kc h`gu hcgda` l abtlbtá lnlhtucrk`, c lkkc kl nul nãhak sliuargl.
bahchaøb qul mudalsl p`p`faf`
faf` lxa
lxast
star
ar...... plr` fl t`
t`f`s
f`s g`
g`f`s
f`s
mcdçc h`gprlbsaøb lbtrl b`s`tr`s. H`g` ustlf faj`, lrc ubc
n`rgc fastabtc fl h`gubahchaøb.
Xló`rc Yciblr-. Cúb lb kc chtuckafcf mcy fçcs lb qul b`s
`facg`s, y b` talbl bcfc fl cb`rgck.
Xló`r Yciblr: Lb rlkchaøb h`b V`ggy, b` mc mcdaf` rlck
glbtl hcgda`s, qualr` flhar h`g` glfacf`r qul p`fçc lxas
tar lb bulstr` gctrag`ba`. Mc mcdaf` ckiúb hcgda` lb k`
qul sl rlnalrl c k` qul mcycg`s p`faf` cprlbflr lb bulstrcs
h`bhlsa`bls gutucs lb rlkchaøb h`b kc lfuhchaøb fl k`s ba
ó`s, plr` ls` nul søk` lk rlsuktcf` fl kc hcpchafcf fl mchlr
9> 99
9= 91
qul lst`s abirlfalbtls sl glzhkcb y sl pr`vllb, ls kc ncgakac, plrs`bc psah`køiahc, qul ls ubc lbtafcf slpcrcfc, sl lbhulb
kc gctraz fl kc aflbtafcf. trc vabhukcfc h`b h`btlxt`s lxtlra`rls.
Lb k`s pr`hls`s prlh`hls fl s`hackazchaøb, kcs ncgakacs g`k Cubqul kc ncgakac ls kc gctraz flk flscrr`kk` psah`s`hack fl
flcb y pr`ircgcb kc h`bfuhtc flk baó` y lk slbtaf` fl kc sus galgdr`s, tcgdaáb fldl ch`g`fcrsl c kc s`halfcf y ic
aflbtafcf. Lk slbtaf
slbtaf`` fl pplrtlblbhac
lrtlblbhac sl ch`gp
ch`gpcóc*
cóc* h`b ubc rcbtazcr ckiubc h`btabuafcf c su hukturc. Lstc nubhaøb s`hack
ch`g`fchaøb p`r pcrtl flk baó` c k`s irup`s ncgakacrls y h`b ls chtuckglbtl kc nulbtl fl ctcquls h`btrc kc ncgakac lb k`s
su csubhaøb fl pcutcs trcbschha`bckls lb kc lstruhturc ncga Lstcf`s \baf`s. Kc s`halfcf b`rtlcglrahcbc lstã hcgdacbf`,
kacr qul sl gcbtalblb c trcvás fl k`s fanlrlbtls ch`btlhagalb y lb su abtlra`r guhm`s irup`s qualrlb chlklrcr lk hcgda`.
t`s fl kc vafc. V`ggy Yciblr ls ub Yciblr, y c trcvás fl
Ls`s irup`s h`bsaflrcb c kc ncgakac, k` qul ls dcstcbtl halrt`,
t`fc su vafc slrã lk maj` fl Lgaky y Gcre. Lstl slrã ub
p`r `trc pcrtl, h`g` ub lklglbt` fl h`bslrvcf`rasg` y ubc
agp`rtcbtl ncht`r fl su lxastlbhac. Lk mlhm` fl qul Gcre
ls lk pcfrl fl V`ggy h`bstatuyl ub agp`rtcbtl ncht`r lb nulbtl fl lstcbhcgalbt`. K`s ctcquls h`btrc kc ncgakac s`b
kc vafc fl Gcre, ck aiuck qul lk mlhm` fl slr lk lsp`s` fl tçpah`s fl k`s plrç`f`s rlv`kuha`bcra`s. Hrast` kls faj` c sus
Lgaky. Lk slbtaf` fl kc aflbtafcf fl hcfc galgdr` sl lb fashçpuk`s qul cdcbf`bcslb c sus pcfrls y ncgakacs y k` sa
hulbtrc abnkuaf` p`r su slbtaf` fl plrtlblbhac c ubc ncgakac iualslb. Kcs Tlv`kuha`bls Nrcbhlsc, Tusc, Hmabc, hcrh`gal
lsplhçnahc. r`b kc lstruhturc ncgakacr trcfaha`bck lb ls`s pcçsls, lb ub
Lk slbtaf` fl slpcrchaøb y fl abfavafuchaøb sl k`irc c trc abtlbt` pcrcasrclkç
Lk eaddutz chlklrcr lk pr`irls`
h`bstatuyl `tr`mchac ub bulv`
ljlgpk` `rflbpr`hls`
flk gasg` s`hack.
vás fl kc pcrtahapchaøb lb fanlrlbtls sudsastlgcs ncgakacrls s`hack.
lb fanlrlbtls h`btlxt`s ncgakacrls, ck aiuck qul c trcvás fl kc Kcs klyls ruscs rlnlrlbtls c kc ncgakac lb lk trcbshurs` y fls
pcrtahapchaøb lb irup`s lxtrcncgakacrls. Lk baó` y kc ncgakac puás fl su Tlv`kuhaøb akustrcb lstl pr`hls`. Lb k`s có`s fl
hrlhlb lb h`bjubt`, y kc ch`g`fchaøb fl kc ncgakac c kcs bl kc fáhcfc fl 314? c 318?, kcs klyls qul rliukcdcb lk gc
hlsafcfls flk baó` flkagatc ãrlcs fl cut`b`gçc qul ák lxpl trag`ba`, lk fav`rha` y lk cd`rt` tlbfalr`b mchac kc fas`kuhaøb
raglbtc h`g` slpcrchaøb. _crc lsl baó` pcrtahukcr sl hrlc ub
fl kc ncgakac. _lr` lb kc fáhcfc fl 318? c 316?, hucbf` Tusac
tlrrat`ra` psah`køiah` y trcbschha`bck. Xlr V`g ls fanlrlbtl
c slr ub Yciblr. sl `ralbtcdc mchac kc hrastckazchaøb fl sus bulvcs b`rgcs s`
=? =3
hçckls, kcs klyls sl g`fanahcr`b pcrc h`bs`kafcr kc h`btabuafcf UMabt` fl vastc flk pr`fuht`r. Abnkuaf` p`r kcs h`bhlpha`bls
ncgakacr . Lb n`rgc sagakcr, k`s eaddutzag asrclkçls talbflb lb
4
h`rralbtls fl kc ncgakac, slklhha`bø y sudrcyø lxtrcht`s qul
kc chtuckafcf c abhrlglbtcr kcs nubha`bls fl kc ncgakac buhklcr ljlgpkanahcdcb lstcs `paba`bls. Lk hcglrcgcb y lk rlst` flk
lb lk abtlra`r flk eaddutz. Lb guhm`s fl lkk`s, lb kc chtucka plrs`bck qul rlckazø lk pr`ircgc pr`fujlr`b fast`rsa`bls sa
fcf k`s dldás plrgcblhlb lb kc mcdatchaøb fl sus pcfrls gakcrls, lsh`ialr`b y sudrcycr`b k` qul h`bsaflrcr`b h`g`
y k`s baó`s vavlb h`b lkk`s furcbtl ub plrç`f` gãs pr`k`b csplht`s rlklvcbtls fl kc ncgakac. K`s b`rtlcglrahcb`s valr`b
icf`, cbtls fl abstckcrsl lb lk m`icr fl k`s baó`s. ubc ncgakac b`rtlcglrahcbc prlslbtcfc fl chulrf` h`b kcs
V`f` lstufa` fl kc ncgakac fldl abhkuar su h`gpklglbtc- h`bhlpha`bls hukturckls fl kcs ncgakacs h`bvlbha`bckls.
ralfcf h`b kc s`halfcf. Kc ncgakac buhklcr, qul lb tl`rçc, ck K`s ctcquls h`btrc kc ncgakac pr`valblb fl guhmcs nulbtls.
glb`s, h`bstatuyl kc b`rgc fl kc hkcsl glfac b`rtlcglrahcbc, H`bnkuylb lb lkk`s k`s kçflrls abtlklhtuckls flk g`vagalbt`
ls ub flscrr`kk` mastørah` rlhalbtl. Cúb lb kc chtuckafcf, sl fl h`btrc-hukturc y k`s irup`s fl jøvlbls qul mcb rlckazcf`
lbhulbtrc h`bnabcfc lb ircb glfafc c kcs s`halfcfls urdcbcs lxplralbhacs fl n`rgcs h`gubatcracs fl `ricbazchaøb ncgakacr
abfustrackazcfcs. K`s h`bhlpt`s fl kcs nubha`bls ncgakacrls y fl lfuhchaøb fl baó`s h`gubatcrac. Lb lk hcgp` fl kc sc
tcgdaáb hcgdacb c glfafc qul sl g`fanahc kc s`halfcf. Mcstc kuf glbtck, T. F. Kcabi y sus fashçpuk`s mcb abnkuaf` lb ircb
mchl huctr`halbt`s có`s, b` sl h`bsaflrcdc c kc ncgakac h`g` glfafc s`drl lstcs h`bhlpha`bls ck flshradar c kc ncgakac h`g`
ubc ubafcf fl lfuhchaøb flk baó`, y rlhaáb guhm` talgp` ub pr`fuht`r gcklv`klbtl fl psah`sas y, k` qul ls cub pl`r,
6
flspuás sl rlh`b`haø c k`s baó`s h`g` abfavafu`s h`b sus fl k`s cfukt`s "b`rgckls" qul puldkcb bulstr` gubf` . Lk
pr`pa`s flrlhm`s . 8
bulv` g`vagalbt` nlgabastc tcgdaáb mc ctchcf` c kc ncga
Lb kc chtuckafcf, kc ncgakac b`rtlcglrahcbc, ck aiuck qul kc kac, flshradaábf`kc h`g` ubc trabhmlrc flk hmcuvabasg` gcshu
s`halfcf b`rtlcglrahcbc, sl lbhulbtrc lb ub plrç`f` fl trcb kab`. H`bsaflrcb c kc ncgakac buhklcr h`g` ubc `ricbazchaøb
sahaøb. Q ck aiuck qul kc s`halfcf fl kc qul n`rgc pcrtl, qul ablvatcdklglbtl pr`fuhl baóatcs lfuhcfcs pcrc slr ls
kc ncgakac ls ctchcfc. _`r ljlgpk`, ub pr`ircgc fl tlklvasaøb p`scs lb kc hcsc fl guólhcs, y baóat`s qul tcgdaáb sl vlrãb
lfuhctav` fl f`hl m`rcs, "ubc ncgakac b`rtlcglrahcbc'*, saiuaø ctrcpcf`s p`r pcutcs suplrcfcs.
c kc ncgakac K`uf c trcvás fl kcs rutabcs fl su vafc y sus Kc ncgakac hcgdacrã c glfafc qul hcgdal kc s`halfcf. _r`
rlkcha`bls h`b sus trcdcj`s, lshulkc, pcralbtls p`kçtah`s y cga dcdklglbtl lb n`rgc h`gpklglbtcrac, kc s`halfcf flscrr`kkc
i`s. Ckiubcs plrs`bcs h`bsaflrcr`b c lstc prlslbtchaøb h`g` rã lstruhturcs lxtrcncgakacrls pcrc cfcptcrsl c kcs bulvcs h`
ubc rlv`kuhaøb fl k`s glfa`s fl h`gubahchaøb gcsav`s5 h`b rralbtls fl plbscgalbt` y c kcs bulvcs rlckafcfls s`hackls y
ub vck`r cbtr`p`køiah` saibanahctav`. @tr`s hratahcr`b lj hc lh`bøgahcs. Kc fáhcfc fl 319? ls ck pcrlhlr ub plrç`f`
rãhtlr pr`scah` fl kc prlslbtchaøb fl kc vafc ncgakacr. \b abtlrglfa` fl kuhmc, lb huy` trcbshurs` k`s hcgda`s hrlcb
irup` hratah` saibanahctav` nul kc pr`pac ncgakac K`uf. Lb pr` ubc blhlsafcf fl lstruhturcs qul cúb b` mcb suriaf`. _`r
ircgcs fl tlklvasaøb abflplbfalbtl trctcr`b fl h`gubahcr ljlgpk`, lk ircb búglr` fl ncgakacs lb kc qul cgd`s pcfrls
c ubc cufalbhac fl gakk`bls qul b` kls circfcdc vlrsl c sç trcdcjcb nulrc flk m`icr mc hrlcf` ubc blhlsafcf pcrc slr
gasg`s tck h`g` k`s mcdçcb rltrctcf`. Xlóckcr`b qul lb su vaha`s fl huafcf` fl k`s baó`s furcbtl lk fçc, qul b` lxas
vafc mcdçc guhm` gãs fl k` qul mcdçc saf` g`strcf`. K` tlb cúb.
qul kc cufalbhac b`rtlcglrahcbc va` nul, lb rlckafcf, lk Kc drlhmc ilblrcha`bck h`bstatuyl `tr` ljlgpk` fl blhlsa-
=4 =8
fcf ls b` sctasnlhmcs. Kc ncgakac rlbubhac c kc s`hackazchaøb Xus tcrlcs b` s`b nãhakls5 k`s Yciblr, h`b t`fcs kcs fanahuk
fl k`s baó`s c ubc lfcf hcfc vlz gãs tlgprcbc. Kc lshulkc,W tcfls qul flshradlb lb kc n`rgchaøb fl kc ncgakac y lk bcha
k`s glfa`s fl fanusaøb y k`s irup`s abncbtakls sl `hupcb hcfc galbt` fl su maj`, ljlgpkanahcb kcs tlbsa`bls qul lbnrlbtc t`fc
vlz lb gcy`r glfafc fl kc iuac y lfuhchaøb fl k`s baó`s5 ncgakac b`rgck. _lr` lb halrt` g`f` kc h`bhlphaøb mcdatuck
gcy`rls. _lr` kc s`halfcf b` mc flscrr`kkcf` cúb nulbtls lx-5 aflckazcfc chlrhc fl kc ncgakac b`rgck ls kc fl qul b` pr`
trcncgakacrls
Kc s`halfcfcflhucfcs fl s`hackazchaøb
Gcsca p`slçc ubc hukturcy fl
cp`y`.
k`s irup`s cf` fuhlkc strlss.
fl ncgakac,_lsl c k`s fl
lk gat` lstufa`s s`ha`køiah`s
kc pkãhafc y cbtr`p`køiah`s
b`rgckafcf plrsastl, cp`
klshlbtls qul lrc lb ircb glfafc abflplbfalbtl plr` c kc ycf` p`r m`rcs fl pr`ircgcs tlklvasav`s lb k`s qul sl `dslr
qul sl kl csaibcdcb ckiubcs tcrlcs lsplhçnahcs qul lk irup` vcb plrs`bcjls dafaglbsa`bckls. Lstc agcilb fl plrs`bcs qul
fldçc rlckazcr dcj` ubc suplrvasaøb plrgasavc fl k`s iulrrlr`s vavlb lb crg`bçc, lbnrlbtcbf` kcs flshcrics s`hackls sab arra
fl kc tradu. Fl lsl g`f`, k`s jøvlbls p`fçcb rlckazcr k`s tcrsl y h``plrcbf` salgprl gutucglbtl sl flrrugdc tcb
pr`hls`s cflhucf`s c su lfcf fl slpcrchaøb fl kc ncgakac pr`bt` h`g` sl `dslrvc c huckqualr ncgakac h`b sus pr`dkl
y fl cfquasahaøb fl su abflplbflbhac sab ckalbcrsl fl kc gcs h`rralbtls. Xab lgdcri`, ls ckcrgcbtl qul lb ckiub`s
s`halfcf lb su h`bjubt`. K`s irup`s fl jøvlbls fl k`s kraddut- hcs`s lstl stcbfcrf slc gcbtlbaf` p`r tlrcplutcs qul h`b
zag asrclkçls flslgplócb ubc nubhaøb sagakcr. Kc s`halfcf `h nr`btcb lk nubha`bcgalbt` fl kcs ncgakacs-pchalbtls h`b kc
haflbtck b` p`sll nubha`bls hkcrcglbtl fanlrlbhacfcs pcrc k`s agcilb aflckazcfc. Nrluf slóckø qul kc tlrcpac g`fanahc kcs
cf`klshlbtls. Hucbf` kc ncgakac fljc fl `hupcrsl fl sus maj`s, pcutcs blurøtahcs h`bvartaábf`kcs lb kcs gaslracs b`rgckls fl
k`s fljc c hcri` fl sastlgcs fl cp`y` abcflhucf`s. B` ls kc vafc. Xu h`glbtcra` ls aiuckglbtl halrt` pcrc kc tlrcpac
s`rprlbflbtl qul kcs hrasas fl aflbtafcf fl k`s cf`klshlb ncgakacr.
tls mcycb fcf` kuicr c ub halrt` búglr` fl nlbøglb`s s` Kc ncgakac b`rgck b` pulfl slr fastabiuafc fl kc ncgakac
hacklss cbtabøgah`s .
hackl 3
cb`rgck p`r kc cuslbhac fl pr`dklgcs5 p`r k` tcbt`, lk tlrc
K`s hcgda`s salgprl sl `ralbtcb flsfl kc s`halfcf mchac plutc fldl fasp`blr fl ub lsqulgc h`bhlptuck flk nubha`
kc ncgakac, bubhc flsfl kc ubafcf gãs plqulóc c kc gcy`r. bcgalbt` ncgakacr qul k` cyufl c cbckazcr c ubc ncgakac. \b
Kc ncgakac hcgdacrã, plr` tcgdaáb plrsastarã fldaf` c qul lsqulgc dcscf` lb kc h`bhlphaøb fl kc ncgakac h`g` ub
h`bstatuyl kc glj`r ubafcf mugcbc pcrc s`halfcfls rãpafc sastlgc qul `plrc flbtr` fl h`btlxt`s s`hackls lsplhçnah`s,
glbtl hcgdacbtls. Hucbt` gcy`r nklxadakafcf y cfcptcdaka talbl trls h`gp`blbtls. Lb praglr kuicrµ kc lstruhturc fl
fcf rlqualrc kc s`halfcf fl sus galgdr`s, gãs saibanahctavc ubc ncgakac ls kc fl ub sastlgc s`ha`hukturck cdalrt` lb pr`
slrã kc ncgakac h`g` gctraz flk flscrr`kk` psah`s`hack. hls` fl trcbsn`rgchaøb. Lb sliubf` kuicr, kc ncgakac gulstrc
Flk gasg` g`f` lb qul lb ub slbtaf` ilbárah` kc ncgakac ub flscrr`kk` flspkczãbf`sl c trcvás fl ub halrt` buglr` fl
hcgdac y sl cfcptc c kcs harhubstcbhacs mastørahcs, tcgdaáb ltcpcs qul lxailb ubc rllstruhturchaøb. Lb tlrhlr kuicr, kc
kc ncgakac abfavafuck sl cfcptc h`bstcbtlglbtl. Kc ncgakac ncgakac sl cfcptc c kcs harhubstcbhacs hcgdacbtls fl g`f` tck
ls ub sastlgc cdalrt` lb trcbsn`rgchaøb, ls flhar qul h`bs qul gcbtalbl ubc h`btabuafcf y n`glbtc lk hrlhagalbt` psa
tcbtlglbtl rlhadl y lbvçc flshcrics fl y flsfl lk glfa` h`s`hack fl hcfc galgdr`. Kc lbtrlvastc h`b k`s Yciblr nul
lxtrcncgakacr, y sl cfcptc c kcs fanlrlbtls flgcbfcs fl kcs `ralbtcfc fl ub g`f` qul plrgatalsl flshudrar lk sliubf`
ltcpcs fl flscrr`kk` qul lbnrlbtc. h`gp`blbtl fl lstl lsqulgc, sus ltcpcs fl flscrr`kk`, y k`s
=6 =<
h`glbtcra`s prlslbtcdcb csplht`s gãs ilbárah`s flk flscrr`kk` y kc lsp`sc chlptlb kc abtlrflplbflbhac y `plrlb h`g` ub
fl kc ncgakac. Kc lstruhturc fl kc ncgakac y su cfcptchaøb lquap`.
rlqualrlb ubc fashusaøb gãs pr`nubfc. Lk sliubf` sastlgc fl h`chhaøb ls afa`sabhrãsah`, l agpkahc
kcs lxplhtctavcs gutucs fl k`s favlrs`s galgdr`s fl kc nc
gakac. Lk `railb fl lstcs lxplhtctavcs sl lbhulbtrc slpuktcf`
LXVT\HV\TC NCGAKACT p`r có`s fl bli`hacha`bls lxpkçhatcs l agpkçhatcs lbtrl k`s
galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac, rlkcha`bcfcs c glbuf` h`b k`s pl
Kc lstruhturc ncgakacr ls lk h`bjubt` abvasadkl fl flgcbfcs quló`s ch`btlhagalbt`s facra`s. C glbuf`, kc bcturcklzc fl
nubha`bckls qul `ricbazcb k`s g`f`s lb qul abtlrchtúcb k`s k`s h`btrct`s `raiabckls mc saf` `kvafcfc, y ls p`sadkl qul
galgdr`s fl ubc ncgakac. \bc ncgakac ls ub sastlgc qul `plrc bubhc mcycb saf` lxpkçhat`s. _lr` kcs pcutcs plrgcblhlb ‖h`
c trcvás fl pcutcs trcbschha`bckls. Kcs trcbschha`bls rlplta g` ub pak`t` cut`gãtah`‖ lb rlkchaøb h`b ubc ch`g`fchaøb
fcs lstcdklhlb pcutcs chlrhc fl quá gcblrc, huãbf` y h`b gutuc y h`b ubc lnahchac nubha`bck.
quaáb rlkcha`bcrsl, y lstcs pcutcs cpubtckcb lk sastlgc. Hucb Fl lsl g`f`, lk sastlgc sl gcbtalbl c sç gasg`. @nrlhl
rlsastlbhacs ck hcgda` gãs ckkã fl halrt` bavlk y h`bslrvc kcs
f` ubc gcfrl kl fahl c su maj` qul dldc su jui` y ástl `dl
pcutcs prlnlrafcs furcbtl tcbt` talgp` h`g` pulfl mchlrk`.
flhl, lstc abtlrchhaøb flnabl quaáb ls lkkc lb rlkchaøb h`b ák
y quaáb ls ák lb rlkchaøb h`b lkkc, lb lsl h`btlxt` y lb lsl Lb
t`fclkflsvachaøb
abtlra`r flk
qul sastlgc
vc gãs lxastlb
ckkã flk pcutcs
ugdrck cktlrbctavcs.
fl t`klrcbhac_lr`
flk
g`glbt`. Kcs `plrcha`bls rlpltafcs lb ls`s tárgab`s h`bs sastlgc lxhatc glhcbasg`s qul rlstcdklhlb lk bavlk mcdatuck.
tatuylb ubc pcutc trcbschha`bck. Hucbf` lxastlb satucha`bls fl flslquakadra` flk sastlgc, ls
Lb su lbtrlvastc k`s Yciblr flshradalr`b guhmcs pcutcs fl mcdatuck qul k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac h`bsaflrlb qul k`s
lstl tap`. Lgaky pkcblc p`r k` ilblrck kcs chtavafcfls scdc `tr`s galgdr`s b` hugpklb h`b sus `dkaicha`bls. Cpcrlhlb
tabcs fl kc ncgakac, plr` søk` ub mlhm` fl agp`rtcbhac nub lbt`bhls rlqulragalbt`s fl klcktcf ncgakacr y gcba`drcs fl
fcglbtck kc kklvcrçc c abtlrnlrar h`b kcs chtavafcfls fl plshc abfuhhaøb fl hukpcdakafcf . >
fl su gcraf` flk f`gabi`. Lb su ncgakac fl `railb, Lgaky Xab lgdcri`, kc lstruhturc ncgakacr fldl slr hcpcz fl cfcp
sl lbh`btrcdc agpkahcfc lb ubc h`ckahaøb jubt` h`b su gcfrl tcrsl hucbf` kcs harhubstcbhacs hcgdacb. Kc lxastlbhac h`bta
lb h`btrc fl su pcfrl. Kc gcfrl lstagukcdc c kc majc c fls`dl buc fl kc ncgakac h`g` sastlgc flplbfl fl ubc icgc suna
flhlr ck pcfrl, qualb h`gpklglbtcdc kc satuchaøb ctchcbf` halbtl fl pcutcs, kc fasp`badakafcf fl pcutcs trcbschha`bckls
c kc majc hucbf` sl lbh`btrcdc lb`jcf` h`b kc gcfrl. cktlrbctavcs, y kc nklxadakafcf pcrc g`vakazcrkcs hucbf` ls bl
Kcs pcutcs trcbschha`bckls rliukcb kc h`bfuhtc fl k`s galg hlscra` mchlrk`. Kc ncgakac fldl rlsp`bflr c hcgda`s abtlr
dr`s fl kc ncgakac. X`b gcbtlbafcs p`r f`s sastlgcs fl h`ch b`s y lxtlrb`s y, p`r k` tcbt`, fldl slr hcpcz fl trcbsn`rgcrsl
haøb. Lk praglr` ls ilbárah` l agpkahc kcs rlikcs ubavlrsckls fl g`f` tck qul kl plrgatc lbhcrcr bulvcs harhubstcbhacs sab
qul i`dalrbcb kc `ricbazchaøb ncgakacr. _`r ljlgpk`, fldl plrflr kc h`btabuafcf qul pr`p`rha`bc ub gcrh` fl rlnl
lxastar ubc jlrcrquçc fl p`flr lb kc qul k`s pcfrls y k`s maj`s rlbhac c sus galgdr`s.
p`sllb bavlkls fl cut`rafcf fanlrlbtls. Vcgdaáb fldl lxastar Lk sastlgc ncgakacr sl fanlrlbhac y flslgplóc sus nubha`
ubc h`gpklglbtcralfcf fl kcs nubha`bls, lb kc qul lk gcraf` bls c trcvás fl sus sudsastlgcs. K`s abfavafu`s s`b sudsas-
=> =9
tlg
tlgcscs lb lk abtlra`r fl ubc ncgakac. Kcs
Kc s facfcs, h`g` kc fl
Kc nubhaøb fl k`s kçgatls rlsafl lb pr`tlilr kc fanlrlbhac-
gcraf`-gujlr ` gcfrl-maj`, pulflb slr sudsastlgcs. K`s sud
haøb flk sastlgc. V`f` sudsastlgc ncgakacr p`sll nubha`bls
sastlgcs pulflb slr n`rgcf`s p`r ilblrchaøb, slx`, abtlrás
lsplhçnahcs y pkcbtlc flgcbfcs lsplhanahcs c sus galgdr`s,
` nubhaøb.
y lk flscrr`kk` fl kcs mcdakafcfls abtlrplrs`bckls qul sl k`
Hcfc abfavafu` plrtlblhl c fanlrlbtls sudsastlgcs lb k`s irc lb lsl sudsastlgc, ls cnargcf` lb kc kadlrtcf fl k`s sud
qul p`sll fanlrlbtls bavlkls fl p`flr y lb k`s qul cprlbfl sastlgcs fl kc abtlrnlrlbhac p`r pcrtl fl `tr`s sudsastlgcs.
mcdakafcfls fanlrlbhacfcs. \b m`gdrl pulfl slr ub maj`, s` _`r ljlgpk`, kc hcpchafcf pcrc ch`g`fchaøb h`gpklglbtcrac
drab`, mlrgcb` gcy`r, mlrgcb` glb`r, lsp`s`, pcfrl, y csa lbtrl k`s lsp`s`s rlqualrl kc kadlrtcf fl kc abtlrnlrlbhac p`r
suhlsavcglbtl. Lb fanlrlbtls sudsastl
sudsastlgcs
gcs sl abh`rp`rc c fanl pcrtl fl k`s pcralbtls p`kçtah`s y fl k`s maj`s y, lb ckiub`s
rlbtls rlkcha`bls h`gpklglbtcracs. Kcs plrs`bcs sl ch`g`fcb hcs`s, p`r pcrtl
pcr tl flk glfa` lxtrcncg
lxtrcncgakacr.
akacr. Lk flscrr`kk` fl mc
lb n`rgc fl hcklaf`sh`pa` pcrc k`ircr kc rlhapr`hafcf qul p` dakafcfls pcrc bli`hacr h`b k`s pcfrls, qul sl cprlbfl lbtrl
sadakatc kcs rlkcha`bls mugcbcs. Lk baó` fldl chtucr h`g` ub k`s mlrgcb`s, rlqualrl kc b` abtlrnlrlbhac fl k`s pcfrls.
maj` h`g` su pcfrl chtúc h`g` ub pcfrl5 y hucbf` lk baó`
_crc qul lk nubha`bcgalbt` ncgakacr slc cflhucf`, k`s ka
k` mchl ls p`sadkl qul fldc hlflr lk p`flr flk qul fasnrutc
gatls fl k`s sudsastlgcs fldls slr hkcr`s. Fldlb flnabarsl
hucbf` abtlrchrúc h`b su mlrgcb` glb`r. Kc `ricbazchaøb
h`b sunahalbtl prlhasaøb h`g` pcrc plrgatar c k`s galgdr`s fl
lb sudsastlgc fl ubc ncgakac pr`p`rha`bc ub lbtrlbcgalbt`
k`s sudsastlgcs lk flscrr`kk` fl sus nubha`bls sab abtlrnlrlb
cflhucf`
cflh ucf` lb lk pr`hls` fl gcbtlbag
gcbtlbagalbt`
albt` flk fanlrlbhacf` hacs abfldafcs, plr` tcgdaáb fldlb plrgatar lk h`btcht` lb
"y` s`y", ck gasg` talgp` qul ljlrhl sus mcdakafcfls abtlr trl k`s galgdr`s
galgdr`s flk sudsastlg
sudsastlgcc y k`s ``tr`s.
tr`s. Kc h`gp`sahaøb
h`gp`sahaøb
plrs`bckls lb fanlrlbtls bavlkls. fl sudsastlgcs `ricbazcf`s ckrlflf`r fl kcs nubha`bls ncga
Kagatls:
Kagat ls: K`s kagatls fl ub sudsastlg
sudsastlgcc lstãb h`bstatuaf`s kacrls b` ls tcb saibanahctavc h`g` kc hkcrafcf fl k`s kçgatls
p`r kcs rlikcs qul flnablb quaábls pcrtahapcb, y fl quá gc
blrc. _`r ljlgpk`, lk kagatl fl ub sudsastlgc pcrlbtck sl lb
hulbtrc flnabaf` hucbf` ubc gcfrl (G) kl fahl c su maj`
gcy`r: "B` lrls lk pcfrl fl tu mlrgcb`. Xa cbfc lb dahahkl
tc p`r kc hckkl, fçglk`
fçglk` y k` mcrá v`kvlr
v`kvlr"
" (Nai. 4 ).
Xa lk sudsastlg
sudsastlgc
c pcrlbtck abhkuyl
abhkuyl ub maj`
maj` pcrlb
pcrlbtck
tck ( M_ ) lk
kçgatl ls flnabaf` p`r kc gcfrl qul kl fahl ck baó`: "Mcst
"Mcstc
c
qul vulkvc flk ckgcháb, Cbbal sl `hupc fl t`f`" (Nai. 8).
== =1
fl su lstruhturc. \b sudsastlgc pcrlbtck qul abhkuyl c ubc tap` fl abtlrchhaøb, b` c ubc fanlrlbhac huckatctavc lbtrl k`
cdulkc ` c ub maj` pcrlbtck pulfl nubha`bcr plrnlhtcglbtl nubha`bck y k` fasnubha`bck. Kc gcy`r pcrtl fl kcs ncgakacs
dalb, salgprl qul kcs kçblcs fl rlsp`bscdakafcf y fl cut`ra- p`sllb sudsastlgcs cikutabcf`s y flskaicf`s. Ls pásadkl qul
fcf sl lbhulbtrlb flnabafcs h`b bataflz. lk sudsastlgc gcfrl-maj` talbfc mchac lk cikutabcgalbt` nrlbtl
Kc hkcrafcf fl k`s kçgatls lb lk abtlra`r fl ubc ncgakac c k`s baó`s. Kc gcfrl y k`s baó`s gãs plquló`s pulflb ciku
h`bstatuyl ub pcrãgltr` útak pcrc kc lvckuchaøb fl su nub- tabcrsl mcstc ub pubt` tck h`g` pcrc fltlrgabcr qul lk pc
ha`bcgalbt`. Ckiubcs ncgakacs sl vulkhcb mchac sç gasgcs pcrc frl slc plranárah`, galbtrcs lk pcfrl csugl ubc p`sahaøb gãs
flscrr`kkcr su pr`pa` gahr`h`sg`s, h`b ub abhrlglbt` h`bsl- h`gpr`gltafc h`b k`s maj`s gcy`rls. \b sudsastlgc pcfrl-maj`
hulbtl fl h`gubahchaøb y fl prl`hupchaøb lbtrl k`s galgdr`s pulfl tlbflr mchac lk flskaicgalbt` c glfafc qul k`s baó`s
fl kc ncgakac. H`g` pr`fuht` fl lkk`, kc fastcbhac fasgabuyl hrlhlb y, nabckglbtl, h`galbzcb c slpcrcrsl fl kc ncgakac.
y k`s kçgatls sl lsnugcb. Kc fanlrlbhachaøb flk sastlgc nc- Kcs `plrcha`bls lb k`s lxtrlg`s, sab lgdcri`, slóckcb ãrlcs
gakacr sl mchl fanusc. \b sastlgc fl lsl tap` pulfl s`drlhcr- fl p`sadkl pct`k`içc. \b sudsastlgc fl gcfrl l maj` sugc
icrsl y hcrlhlr fl k`s rlhurs`s blhlscra`s pcrc cfcptcrsl y glbtl cikutabcf`, p`r ljlgpk`, pulfl lxhkuar ck pcfrl qul
hcgdacr dcj` harhubstcbhacs fl strlss. @trcs ncgakacs sl flscrr`- sl h`bvalrtl lb lxhlsavcglbtl flskaicf`. Lk h`bslhulbtl fl
kkcb h`b kagatls guy rçiaf`s. Kc h`gubahchaøb lbtrl k`s sud- dakatcgalbt` fl kc abflplbflbhac fl k`s baó`s pulfl h`bstatuar
sastlgcs ls fançhak, y kcs nubha`bls pr`tlht`rcs fl kc ncgakac ub agp`rtcbtl ncht`r lb lk flscrr`kk` fl sçbt`gcs.
sl vlb csç plrjufahcfcs. Lst`s f`s lxtrlg`s flk nubha`bcgalb- K`s galgdr`s fl sudsastlgcs ` ncgakacs cikutabcf`s pul
t` fl k`s kagatls s`b flsaibcf`s h`g` cikutabcgalbt` y fls- flb vlrsl plrjufahcf`s lb lk slbtaf` fl qul lk lxcktcf` slb
kaicgalbt`. Ls p`sadkl h`bsaflrcr c t`fcs kcs ncgakacs h`g` taf` fl plrtlblbhac rlqualrl ub agp`rtcbtl cdcbf`b` fl kc
plrtlblhalbtls c ckiúb pubt` satucf` lbtrl ub h`btabuug hu- cut`b`gçc. Kc hcrlbhac fl ubc fanlrlbhachaøb lb sudsastlgcs
y`s p`k`s s`b k`s f`s lxtrlg`s fl kçgatls fanus`s, p`r ub kcf`, flsckalbtc kc lxpk`rchaøb y lk f`gaba` cutøb`g`s fl k`s pr`
y fl kagatls sugcglbtl rçiaf`s, p`r lk `tr` (Nai. 6). Kc gcy`r dklgcs. Lb k`s baó`s, lb pcrtahukcr, lk flscrr`kk` h`ibatav`-
pcrtl fl kcs ncgakacs sl abhkuylb flbtr` flk cgpka` lsplhtr` cnlhtav` sl vl csç abmadaf`. K`s galgdr`s fl sudsastlgcs `
b`rgck. ncgakacs flskaicf`s pulflb nubha`bcr lb n`rgc cutøb`gc, plr`
p`sllb flspr`p`rha`bcf` slbtaf` fl abflplbflbhac y hcrlhlb
Nai. 6
fl slbtagalbt`s fl klcktcf y plrtlblbhac y fl kc hcpchafcf
fl abtlrflplbflbhac y fl rlqulrar cyufc hucbf` kc blhlsatcb.
Lb `trcs pckcdrcs, ub sastlgc prøxag` ck lxtrlg` flskaicf`
flk h`btabuug t`klrc ubc cgpkac icgc fl vcracha`bls abfa
vafuckls lbtrl sus galgdr`s. _lr` k`s strlss qul cnlhtcb c ub`
fl k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac b` ctrcvalscb sus kçgatls abcfl
hucfcglbtl rçiaf`s. Xøk` ub ckt` bavlk fl strlss abfavafuck
pulfl rlplrhutar h`b kc sunahalbtl abtlbsafcf h`g` pcrc ch
Lb tárgab`s mugcb`s, cikutabcgalbt` y flskaicgalbt` sl tavcr k`s sastlgcs fl cp`y` fl kc ncgakac. Lb lk lxtrlg` ciku
rlnalrlb c ub lstak` trcbschha`bck, ` fl prlnlrlbhac p`r ub tabcf` flk h`btabuug, sl `dslrvc k` h`btrcra`. Kc h`bfuhtc fl
1? 13
ub galgdr` cnlhtc fl abglfact` c k`s `tr`s y lk strlss `tr`s sastlgcs s`hackls. _ulfl n`glbtcr lk cprlbfazcjl, kc hrlc
fl ub galgdr` abfavafuck rlplrhutl abtlbscglbtl c trcvás tavafcf y lk hrlhagalbt`. Lb lk pr`hls` fl ch`g`fchaøb gu
fl k`s kçgatls y pr`fuhl ub rãpaf` lh` lb `tr`s sudsastlgcs. tuc, k`s høbyuils pulflb chtuckazcr csplht`s hrlctav`s fl sus
Cgd`s tap`s fl rlkchaøb pr`v`hcb pr`dklgcs ncgakacrls pcutcs qul plrgcblhçcb kctlbtls y cpubtckcr k`s glj`rls
hucbf` sl p`blb lb gcrhmc glhcbasg`s cfcptctav`s. Kc nc rcsi`s fl hcfc ub`. _lr` kcs pcrljcs tcgdaáb pulflb lstagu
gakac cikutabcfc rlsp`bfl c t`fc vcrachaøb lb rlkchaøb h`b kcrsl
absastargutucglbtl
lb glj`rcr k`s rcsi`s blictav`s.
` prlslrvcr K`s y,
c su pcrljc høbyuils
c trcváspulflb
fl lsl
k` mcdatuck h`b ubc lxhlsavc rcpaflz l abtlbsafcf. Kc ncgakac
flskaicfc talbfl c b` rlsp`bflr hucbf` ls blhlscra` mchlrk`. pr`hls`, flshckanahcrkc. Lb kuicr fl chlptcrkc h`g` ls, ag
Lb ubcubc ncgakac cikutabcfc
cikutabcfc k`s pcfrls
pcfrls pulflb vlrsl sugc
sugc p`blb bulv`s stcbfcrfs qul fldlb k`ircrsl. _ulflb lstcdkl
glbtl cnlhtcf`s p`rqul ub maj` b` h`gl lk p`strl. K`s pc hlr pcutcs trcbschha`bckls flk tap` flplbfalbtl-pr`tlht`r, lb
frls fl ubc ncgakac flskaicfc, p`r su pcrtl, pulflb plrgc huy` gcrh` lk galgdr` flplbfalbtl sl gcbtalbl h`g` tck,
blhlr abgutcdkls cbtl k`s pr`dklgcs lsh`kcrls fl ub maj`. pcrc pr`tlilr kc agprlsaøb fl su høbyuil fl slr lk pr`tlht`r.
C glbuf`, ub tlrcplutc `plrc h`g` ub flkablcf`r fl kçga Lscs pcutcs blictavcs pulflb lxastar lb kcs pcrljcs h`rralb
tls, qul hkcranahc k`s kçgatls fanus`s y cdrl k`s kçgatls lxhl tls sab qul lkk` agpkaqul ubc pct`k`içc ircvl ` g`tavcha`bls
savcglbtl rçiaf`s. Xu lvckuchaøb fl k`s sudsastlgcs ncgakac gcklv`klbtls lb babiub` fl sus galgdr`s. Xa ub tlrcplutc fl
rls y flk nubha`bcgalbt` fl k`s kçgatls pr`p`rha`bc ub rãpaf` dl lbnrlbtcr ubc pcutc qul nubha`bl lb n`rgc blictavc,
hucfr` facibøstah` fl kc ncgakac lb nubhaøb flk huck `ralbtc fldl tlblr lb hulbtc kc blhlsafcf fl lbnrlbtcr lk pr`hls`
sus abtlrvlbha`bls tlrcpáutahcs. sab ctchc
ctchcrr kcs g`tavcha`b
g`tavcha`bls
ls fl k`s pcrtahapcbtls. Lk tlrcplutc
tlrc plutc
Lk sudsastlg h`byuick. Lk sudsastlgc h`byuick sl h`bs
sudsastlgcc h`byuick. fldl rlckazcr abtlrprltcha`bls qul sudrcylb kc rlhapr`hafcf,
tatuyl hucbf` f`s cfukt`s fl slx` fanlrlbtl sl ublb h`b kc tckls h`g`: "ustl
"ustlf
f pr`tlil c su gujlr fl ub g`f` qul kc kc
abtlbhaøb lxprlsc fl h`bstatuar ubc ncgakac. _`sll tcrlcs ` nub abmadl, y ustlf sushatc ubc pr`tlhhaøb abblhlscrac fl su ls
ha`bls lsplhçnahcs, vatckls pcrc lk nubha`bcgalbt` fl kc nc p`s` h`b ircb mcdakafcf". \bc abtlrprltchaøb h`bslhutavc fl
gakac. Kcs prabhapckls huckafcfls rlqulrafcs pcrc kc agpklglb- lstl tap` sudrcyc kc h`gpklglbtcralfcf
h`gpklglbtcralfcf fl k`s sastlgcs, k`s
tchaøb fl sus tcrlcs s`b kc h`gpklglbtcrafcf y kc ch`g`fc csplht`s p`satav`s y blictav`s fl hcfc høbyuil, y lkagabc
haøb gutuc. Ls flhar qul kc pcrljc fldl flscrr`kkcr pcutcs agpkahcbhacs vck`rctavcs fl g`tavchaøb.
lb kcs qul hcfc lsp`s` cpubtckc kc chhaøb flk `tr` lb guhmcs Lk sudsastlgc h`byuick fldl kklicr c ub kagatl qul k` pr`
ãrlcs. Fldlb flscrr`kkcr pcutcs fl h`gpklglbtcrafcf qul tljc fl kc abtlrnlrlbhac fl kcs flgcbfcs y blhlsafcfls fl
plrgatcb c hcfc lsp`s` hlflr sab slbtar qul sl mc fcf` p`r `tr`s sastlgcs5 lb pcrtahukcr, hucbf` kc ncgakac talbl maj`s. K`s
vlbhaf`. Vcbt` lk lsp`s` h`g` kc lsp`sc fldlb hlflr pcrtl cfukt`s fldlb p`sllr
p`sllr ub tlrrat`r
tlrrat`ra`
a` psah`s`hack pr`pa` ‖u‖ub
fl su abfavafuckafcf pcrc k`ircr ub slbtaf` fl plrtlblbhac. rlnuia` qul pulflb pr`p`rha`bcrsl gutucglbtl, ub s`stáb
Kc chlptchaøb fl kc gutuc abtlrflplbflbhac lb ubc rlkchaøb lg`ha`bck. Xa lk kçgatl ckrlflf`r fl k`s lsp`s`s ls lxhlsavc
sagátrahc pulfl lbh`btrcr `dstãhuk`s `raiabcf`s lb kc absas glbtl rçiaf`, lk sastlgc pulfl vlrsl strlsscf` p`r su caskc
tlbhac fl k`s høbyuils lb sus flrlhm`s c kc abflplbflbhac. galbt`. _lr` sa k`s lsp`s`s gcbtalblb kçgatls nklxadkls, `tr`s
Lk sudsastlgc h`byuick pulfl h`bvlrtarsl lb ub rlnuia` sudirup`s, abhkuylbf` c k`s maj`s y c k`s pcralbtls p`kçtah`s,
cbtl k`s strlss lxtlrb`s y lb kc gctraz pcrc lk h`btcht` h`b pulflb abtlrnlrar lb lk nubha`bcgalbt` fl su sudsastlgc.
1= 18
h`b sus pcfrl sab`, abhkus`, kcs trcbschha`bls abtlrbcs flk sud
Lb tárgab`s mugcb`s sagpkls, gcraf` y gujlr sl blhlsatcb sastlgc h`byuick.
gutucglbtl h`g` rlnuia` cbtl k`s gúktapkls rlqulragalbt`s Kc cut`rafcf abhulsta`bcfc qul hcrchtlrazø lb ckiúb g`
fl kc vafc. Lb tlrcpac, lstc blhlsafcf `dkaic c qul lk tlrc glbt` ck g`flk` pctracrhck flk sudsastlgc pcrlbtck mc flscpc
plutc pr`tljc k`s kçgatls qul r`flcb ck sudsastlgc h`byuick. rlhaf` y nul rllgpkczcfc p`r lk h`bhlpt` fl ubc cut`rafcf
Xa lb ubc slsaøb ncgakacr k`s maj`s abtlrnalrlb lb kcs rlkcha` nklxadkl, rcha`bck. Xl lsplrc fl k`s pcfrls qul h`gprlbfcb kcs
bls flk sudsastlgc h`byuick, sl fldl cbukcr lstc abtlrnlrlbhac. blhlsafcfls flk flscrr`kk` fl sus maj`s y qul lxpkaqulb kcs
Ls p`sadkl rlckazcr lbt`bhls slsa`bls lbtrc gcraf` y gujlr rlikcs qul agp`blb. Lk slr pcfrl ls ub pr`hls` lxtrlgcfc
lxhkuylbf` c k`s `tr`s galgdr`s. Xa lb lscs slsa`bls ást`s glbtl fançhak. Bcfal k` flslgplóc c su lbtlrc sctasnchhaøb,
saiulb fashutalbf` chlrhc fl k`s pr`dklgcs fl sus maj`s lb y bcfal ctrcvalsc lk pr`hls` abhøkugl. Ls pr`dcdkl qul lkk`
kuicr fl rlnlrarsl c kcs rlkcha`bls gcraf`-gujlr, ls h`bvl mcyc saf` agp`sadkl lb t`fcs kcs áp`hcs, lb gcy`r ` glb`r
balbtl qul lk tlrcplutc slóckl lbt`bhls qul lstãb nrcbqulcbf` ircf`. Lb kc s`halfcf chtuck, h`gpkljc, fl rãpaf` flscrr`kk`,
ub kçgatl. lb kc qul kcs drlhmcs ilblrcha`bckls h`rrlsp`bflb c abtlrvc
Lk sudsastlgc pcrlbtck. Hucbf` bchl lk pragl
sudsastlgc pcrlbtck. praglrr maj` sl k`s hcfc vlz gãs plquló`s, kcs fanahuktcfls fl slr pcfrl sl
ckhcbzc ub bulv` bavlk fl n`rgchaøb ncgakacr. Lb ubc ncgakac mcb abhrlglbtcf`.
abtchtc lk sudsastlgc
pcrc flslgplócr h`byuick
kcs tcrlcs fldl fanlrlbhacrsl
fl s`hackazcr lbt`bhls
ub maj` sab rlbubhacr K`sflpr`hls`s
lfcf qulHucbf`
k`s baó`s. h`rrlsp`bflb c lkk`
ást`s s`b guy fanalrlb
plquló`s,sliúb kc
prlf`
ck gutu` cp`y` qul hcrchtlrazcrã ck sudsastlgc h`byuick. Xl gabcb kcs nubha`bls fl ckaglbtchaøb. Lk h`btr`k y kc `ralbtc
fldl trczcr ub kagatl qul plrgatc lk chhls` flk baó` c cgd`s haøb csuglb ubc gcy`r agp`rtcbhac kuli`. C glfafc qul lk
pcfrls y, ck gasg` talgp`, qul k` lxhkuyc fl kcs rlkcha`bls baó` gcfurc, lsplhackglbtl lb lk trcbshurs` fl kc cf`klshlb
h`byuickls. Ckiubcs pcrljcs qul sl gcbljcb h`rrlhtcglbtl hac, k`s rlqulragalbt`s pkcbtlcf`s p`r k`s pcfrls h`galbzcb
h`g` irup` fl f`s bubhc k`ircb rlckazcr ubc trcbsahaøb sc c lbtrcr lb h`bnkaht` h`b k`s rlqulragalbt`s fl k`s maj`s pcrc
tasncht`rac c kcs abtlrchha`bls fl ub irup` fl trls. Lb ckiubcs k`ircr ubc cut`b`gçc cflhucfc c su lfcf. Kc rlkchaøb, fl
ncgakacs ls p`sadkl qul sl abh`rp`rl ck baó` ck gcrh` fl k`s pctlrbafcf sl h`bvalrtl lb ub pr`hls` fançhak fl ch`g`fchaøb
pr`dklgcs flk sudsastlgc h`byuick, tck h`g` kl `hurraø c gutuc. K`s pcfrls agp`blb rlikcs qul b` pulflb lxpkahcr lb
Lgaky Yciblr. lk g`glbt` ` qul lxpkahcb lb n`rgc abh`rrlhtc, ` h`bsaflrcb
qul k`s nubfcglbt`s fl kcs rlikcs s`b lvaflbtls, galbtrcs qul
C glfafc qul lk baó` hrlhl, sus rlqulragalbt`s pcrc lk pcrc k`s baó`s b` ls csç. C glfafc qul k`s baó`s hrlhlb, ls
flscrr`kk`, tcbt` fl kc cut`b`gçc h`g` fl kc `ralbtchaøb, p`sadkl qul b` chlptlb kcs rlikcs. K`s baó`s h`gubahcb sus
agp`blb flgcbfcs ck sudsastlgc pcrlbtck qul fldl g`fana blhlsafcfls h`b fastabt`s ircf`s fl hkcrafcf, y rlckazcb bul
hcrsl pcrc sctasnchlrkcs. Lk baó` h`galbzc c tlblr h`btcht` v`s rlqulragalbt`s c k`s pcfrls, h`g` k`s fl qul sl kls fl
h`b h`gpcólr`s lxtrcncgakacrls, kc lshulkc, y `trcs nulrzcs faqul ub gcy`r talgp` ` ub gcy`r h`gpr`gas` lg`ha`bck.
s`hackazcbtls lxtlra`rls c kc ncgakac. Lk sudsastlgc pcrlbtck
_crc juzicr lb n`rgc cflhucfc c sus pcrtahapcbtls, ls lslb
fldl cfcptcrsl c k`s bulv`s ncht`rls qul chtúcb lb lk gcrh` hack h`gprlbflr kc h`gpkljafcf flk pr`hls` fl lfuhchaøb flk
fl kc s`hackazchaøb. Xa lk baó` ls slvlrcglbtl cnlhtcf` p`r baó`. Ls agp`sadkl qul k`s pcfrls pr`tljcb y iuçlb sab, ck
su glfa` lxtrcncgakacr, lkk` pulfl cnlhtcr b` søk` su rlkchaøb
16 1<
gasg` talgp`, h`btr`kcr y rltrabiar. K`s baó`s b` pulflb hrl glr kcd`rct`ra` s`hack lb lk qul k`s baó`s pulflb lxplraglb
hlr l abfavafuckazcrsl sab rlhmczcr y ctchcr. Lk pr`hls` fl tcr rlkcha`bls h`b sus aiuckls. Lb lk gcrh` fl lstl h`btlxt`,
s`hackazchaøb ls ablvatcdklglbtl h`bnkahtçv`. V`fc abtlrvlbhaøb k`s baó`s sl cp`ycb, caskcb, flshcricb sus hukpcs y cprlbflb
flk tlrcplutc qul lbnrlbtc ub pr`hls` fasnubha`bck lbtrl k`s gutucglbtl. Lb lk gubf` nrctlrb`, k`s baó`s cprlbflb c bl
pcfrls y k`s maj`s fldl, ck gasg` talgp`, cp`ycr c sus pcr i`hacr, h``plrcr, h`gpltar. Cprlbflb c k`ircr cgai`s y ckac
tahapcbtls. f`s, c sckvcr kc cpcralbhac hucbf` hlflb, y c k`ircr rlh`b`ha
Kc rlkchaøb fl pctlrbafcf rlqualrl kc hcpchafcf fl ckaglb galbt` p`r sus mcdakafcfls. _ulflb csugar p`saha`bls fanlrlbtls
tchaøb, iuac y h`btr`k. Kcs pr`p`rha`bls fl lst`s lklglbt`s lb sus rlkcha`bls gutucs, y lstcs p`saha`bls, csugafcs tlg
flplbflb fl kcs blhlsafcfls fl flscrr`kk` flk baó` y fl kcs prcbcglbtl lb lk sudirup` nrctlrb`, pulflb slr saibanahctavcs
hcpchafcfls fl k`s pcfrls. _lr` kc rlkchaøb rlqualrl lk us` lb lk flscrr`kk` p`stlra`r fl sus vafcs. Lb kcs ncgakacs cg
fl kc cut`rafcf. K`s pcfrls b` pulflb flslgplócr sus'nub pkacs, lk sudsastlgc nrctlrb` p`sll `trcs favasa`bls, yc qul
ha`bls ljlhutavcs c glb`s qul fasp`bicb flk p`flr blhlscra` k`s maj`s gãs plquló`s, qul sl gulvlb cúb lb kcs ãrlcs fl
pcrc mchlrk`. sliurafcf, ckaglbtchaøb y iuçc lb lk slb` fl kc ncgakac, sl
K`µ maj`s y k`s pcfrls, y lb ckiub`s hcs`s k`s tlrcplutcs, fanlrlbhacb fl k`s baó`s gcy`rls qul rlckazcb h`btcht`s y
flshradlb nrlhulbtlglbtl ck aflck ncgakacr h`g` ubc flg` h`btrct`s h`b lk gubf` lxtrcncgakacr.
hrchac. _lr` h`bsaflrcb lb n`rgc lrrøblc qul ubc s`halfcf Hucbf` k`s baó`s sl p`blb lb h`btcht` h`b lk gubf` fl
flg`hrãtahc ls ubc s`halfcf sab kaflrls ` qul ubc ncgakac ls sus aiuckls lxtrcncgakacrls, abtlbtcb chtucr fl chulrf` h`b kcs
ubc s`halfcf fl aiuckls. Lk nubha`bcgalbt` lnahcz rlqualrl pcutcs flk gubf` nrctlrb`. Hucbf` cprlbflb n`rgcs cktlrbc
qul k`s pcfrls y k`s maj`s chlptlb lk mlhm` fl qul lk us` tavcs fl rlkchaøb, abh`rp`rcb kcs bulvcs lxplralbhacs ck gubf`
fanlrlbhacf` fl cut`rafcf h`bstatuyl ub abirlfalbtl blhlscra` nrctlrb`. Xa kc ncgakac flk baó` p`sll g`fckafcfls guy pcrta
flk sudsastlgc pcrlbtck. Lkk` sl h`bvalrtl lb ub kcd`rct`ra` hukcrls, k`s kçgatls lbtrl kc ncgakac y lk gubf` lxtrcncgakacr
fl n`rgchaøb s`hack pcrc k`s baó`s, qul blhlsatcb scdlr høg` pulflb h`bvlrtarsl lb lxhlsavcglbtl rçiaf`s. Ls p`sadkl, lb
bli`hacr lb satucha`bls fl p`flr flsaiuck. t`bhls, qul lk baó` lbnrlbtl fanahuktcfls pcrc abh`rp`rcrsl
Lk cp`y` flk tlrcplutc ck sud
sudsastl
sastlgc
gc pcrlbtck pulfl lbtrcr c `tr`s sastlgcs s`hackls.
lb h`bnkaht` h`b lk `djltav` tlrcpáutah` fl cp`ycr kc cut`b` Kc saibanahchaøb flk sudsastlgc nrctlrb` sl `dslrvc h`b gc
gçc fl k`s maj`s. Lb lscs satucha`bls lk tlrcplutc fldl rlh`r y`r hkcrafcf lb hcs` fl su cuslbhac. K`s baó`s sab mlrgcb`s
fcr qul søk` ub sudsastlgc pcrlbtck fádak abstcurc ub h`btr`k flscrr`kkcb pcutcs prlh`hls fl ch`g`fchaøb ck gubf` cfukt`,
rlstrahtav`, y qul lsl h`btr`k lxhlsav` sl prlslbtc p`r k` il qul pulflb gcbanlstcrsl lb ub flscrr`kk` prlh`z. Ck gasg`
blrck hucbf` lk h`btr`k ls ablnahcz. Lk cp`y` c kc rlsp`bsc talgp`, pulflb g`strcr fanahuktcfls pcrc lk flscrr`kk` fl kc
dakafcf y c kc `dkaichaøb fl k`s pcfrls pcrc fltlrgabcr kcs cut`b`gçc y kc hcpchafcf fl h`gpcrtar, h``plrcr y h`gpltar
rlikcs fl kc ncgakac lstagukc lk flrlhm` y kc `dkaichaøb flk h`b `tr`s.
baó
baó`` fl hrlhlr y flscrr`kkcrsl lb n`rgc cutøb
cutøb`gc.
`gc. Kc tcrlc \b tlrcplutc fldl h`b`hlr kcs blhlsafcfls flk flscrr`kk`
flk tlrcplutc h`bsastl lb csastar c k`s sudsastlgcs pcrc qul fl k`s baó`s y fldl slr hcpcz fl cp`ycr lk flrlhm` flk baó`
bli`halb y sl ch`g`flb gutucglbtl. c kc cut`b`gac sab gabagazcr k`s flrlhm`s fl k`s pcfrls.
Lk tudtetgb` nrctlrb`. Lk sudsastlgc
sudsastlgc nrctlrb` ls lk pra- K`s kagatls flk sudsastlgc nrctlrb` fldlb pr`tlilr c k`s ba-
1> 19
ó`s fl kc abtlrnlrlbhac cfuktc, pcrc qul pulfcb ljlrhlr su slr h`bsaflrcf`s csç lrrøblcglbtl h`g` pct`køiah`s. Xab lg
flrlhm` c kc pravchafcf, tlblr sus pr`pacs ãrlcs fl abtlrás y dcri`, lk lbn`qul fl kc ncgakac h`g` ub sastlgc s`hack lb
fasp`blr fl kc kadlrtcf fl h`gltlr lrr`rls lb su lxpk`rchaøb. trcbsn`rgchaøb lshkcrlhl kc bcturcklzc trcbsaha`bck fl fltlr
Lb fanlrlbtls ltcpcs fl su flscrr`kk` k`s baó`s p`sllb fanl gabcf`s pr`hls`s ncgakacrls. Tlqualrl ubc lxpk`rchaøb fl kc
rlbtls blhlsafcfls, hcpchafcfls h`ibatavcs pcrtahukcrls, y sas satuchaøb hcgdacbtl fl kc ncgakac y sus galgdr`s y fl sus
tlgcs fl vck`rls pr`pa`s. Lb ckiub`s g`glbt`s, lk tlrcplutc fanahuktcfls fl ch`g`fchaøb. Fl chulrf` h`b lstc `ralbtc
fldl chtucr h`g` trcfuht`r, abtlrprltcbf` lk gubf` fl k`s haøb, ub búglr` guhm` gcy`r fl ncgakacs qul sl abh`rp`rcb
baó`s pcrc k`s pcfrls ` vahlvlrsc. Vcgdaáb ls p`sadkl qul c kc tlrcpac fldlrçcb slr h`bsaflrcfcs y trctcfcs h`g` nc
fldc cyufcr ck sudsastlgc c bli`hacr kagatls hkcr`s cubqul gakacs h`rralbtls lb satucha`bls trcbsaha`bckls, qul lbnrlbtcb
b` rçiaf`s h`b lk gubf` lxtrcncgakacr. Xa lk baó` sl vl ctrc kcs fanahuktcfls fl ch`g`fchaøb c bulvcs harhubstcbhacs. Kc
pcf` lb ubc rlf fl lxhlsavc klcktcf ncgakacr, p`r ljlgpk`, ltaqultc fl pct`køiahc fldl rlslrvcrsl c kcs ncgakacs qul nrlbtl
lk tlrcplutc fldl chtucr h`g` pulbtl lbtrl lk baó` y lk c lscs tlbsa`bls abhrlglbtcb kc raiaflz fl sus pcutcs y kç
gubf` lxtrcncgakacr. gatls trcbschha`bckls y lvatcb ` rlsastlb t`fc lxpk`rchaøb
fl vcracbtls. Lb kcs ncgakacs h`rralbtls, lk tlrcplutc h`bnçc
lb kc g`tavchaøb fl kc ncgakac h`g` lk hcgab` pcrc kc trcbs
1> 11
dkl qul kc gujlr fasputl h`b lk gcraf` plr` qul k` cp`yl rçiaf` fl gcfrl l maj` h`btrc lk pcfrl. Q lk kçgatl ckrlflf`r
ub`s gabut`s flspuás. @, sa b`, qul h`btrcctcqul. Xuril csa fl lstc h`ckahaøb fl gcfrl l maj` lxhkuyl ck pcfrl. Xl mc
ubc plklc, plr` ástc h`bhkuyl y lk cp`y` gutu` rlbchl. Lstcs flscrr`kkcf` csç ubc pcutc trcbschha`bck trcbsilblrcha`bck fas
pcutcs trcbschha`bckls s`b nubha`bckls. Lk strlss qul cnlhtø ck nubha`bck.
gcraf` mc saf` ctlbucf` c trcvás fl kcs rlkcha`bls h`b su Vcgdaáb ls p`sadkl qul ubc ncgakac lb su t`tckafcf sl vlc
gujlr. strlsscfc p`r lk h`btcht` lxtrcncgakacr fl ub` fl sus galg
Xab lgdcri`, kc plklc pulfl pr`sliuar abflnabafcglbtl, dr`s. _`r ljlgpk`, sa lk gcraf` palrfl su trcdcj`, kc ncgakac
mcstc qul ub` fl k`s høbyuils cdcbf`bc lk hcgp`. Lb lsc fldl g`fanahcrsl pcrc icrcbtazcr su suplrvavlbhac. Ls p`sadkl
satuchaøb, cgd`s sl vlb cnlhtcf`s p`r kc b` rls`kuhaøb fl kc qul kc lsp`sc fldc csugar ubc gcy`r rlsp`bscdakafcf pcrc
satuchaøb. Fl lsl g`f`, lk h`btcht` strlsscbtl fl ub galg lk s`stáb nabcbhalr` fl kc ncgakac y, csç, g`fanaqul kc bctu
dr` fl kc ncgakac h`b nulrzcs lxtlrbcs mc ilblrcf` ub strlss rcklzc flk sudsastlgc ljlhutav`. Lstl hcgda` pulfl `dkaicr
b` rlsulkt` lb lk sudsastlgc h`byuick abtrcncgakacr. c `tr`s hcgda`s lb lk sudsastlgc pcrlbtck. Lk pcfrl pulfl
Kc gasgc nulbtl fl strlss qul cnlhtc c ub galgdr` abfa `hupcrsl csç fl kcs tcrlcs fl ckaglbtchaøb qul cbtlra`rglbtl
vafuck pulfl chtucr c trcvás fl k`s kçgatls fl k`s sudsastl h`rrlsp`bfçcb c kc gcfrl (Nai. 9). @, sa b`, pulfl rlhurrarsl
gcs. _`r ljlgpk`, ub pcfrl (_) y ubc gcfrl (G), strlsscf`s
G
p`r pr`dklgcs fl trcdcj`, pulflb rlirlscr ck m`icr y hrata _
hcrsl gutucglbtl, plr` kuli` flsvacr su h`bnkaht` c trcvás sl h`bvalrtl lb
fl ub ctcqul h`btrc ub maj`. Lkk` rlfuhl lk plkair` flk sud maj`s
sastlgc
sastlgc h`byu
h`byuick
ick plr` cnlhtc ck maj` (M ) (Nai
(N ai.. <) . @, sa b`,
c ubc cdulkc (C) pcrc qul sl `hupl fl kcs nubha`bls fl k`s
pcfrls. Xa kc ncgakac rlsp`bfl c kc párfafc flk trcdcj` flk
pcfrl h`b raiaflz, pulflb cpcrlhlr lbt`bhls pcutcs trcbsch-
Nai. <
G
_
sl h`bvalrtl lb
lk gcraf` pulfl hratahcr c kc gujlr, qul dushc lbt`bhls ubc C
h`ckahaøb h`b lk baó` h`btrc lk pcfrl (Nai. >). Fl lsl g`f`, maj`s maj`s
3?? 3?3
3?4 3?8
Lb lsc áp`hc, kc pcrtahapchaøb flk baó` lb lk gubf` lxtrc- galgdr` fldl cfcptcrsl c kcs rlikcs, y lk cbtaiu` sastlgc
ncgakacr y su stctus lb lsl gubf` sl abhrlglbtcb. Kc rlkchaøb fldl g`fanahcrsl pcrc abhkuar ck bulv` galgdr`. Lxastl ubc
lbtrl k`s maj`s y k`s pcfrls sl vl plrturdcfc. Lb lsc satuc tlbflbhac c gcbtlblr kcs cbtaiucs pcutcs, k` qul fltlrgabc
haøb, sl k` fldl cpcrtcr kailrcglbtl flk sudsastlgc nrctlrb` y qul lk bulv` galgdr` sunrc ub strlss qul pulfl kklvcrk` c
abhrlglbtcr sus flgcbfcs. Kcs n`rgcs fl abh`rp`rchaøb fl
sl kl fldl `t`ricr
p`bscdakafcf ubccgcy`r
cflhucfc cut`b`gçc
su lfcf. y ubc gcy`r
Kcs trcbschha`bls rls
flk sud- bulv`s galgdr`s qul pulflb pr`fuhar ub strlss lb lk trcbs
sastlgc pcrlbtck h`b ák fldlb g`fanahcrsl y fljcr fl slr hurs` flk plrç`f` fl cfcptchaøb s`b: lk bchagalbt` fl ub maj`,
rlkcha`bls flk tap` pcfrl-maj` pcrc h`bvlrtarsl lb rlkcha`bls lk gctrag`ba` fl ub galgdr` fl ubc ncgakac lxtlbsc, kc ubaøb
fl tap` pcfrls-j`vlb cfukt`. Fl lsl g`f`, sl k`ircrã ubc cfcp- fl f`s ncgakacs c trcvás flk gctrag`ba` fl pcfrls slpcrcf`s
tchaøb lxat`sc (Nai. 1). ` vauf`s, ` kc abhkusaøb fl ub pcralbtl, cgai` ` maj` cf`ptav`.
K`s strlss s`b pr`fuhaf`s tcgdaáb p`r kc cfcptchaøb c
ubc fasgabuhaøb flk búglr` fl galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac, hcu
scfc p`r harhubstcbhacs tckls h`g` gulrtl fl ub galgdr` fl
kc ncgakac, slpcrchaøb ` fav`rha`, lbhcrhlkcgalbt`, abtlrbchaøb
lb ubc abstatuhaøb ` pcrtafc fl ub baó` pcrc pr`sliuar sus
lstufa`s. _`r ljlgpk`, hucbf` ubc pcrljc sl slpcrc fldlb
Xab lgdcri`, ls p`sadkl qul kc gcfrl rlsastc c t`f` hcg flscrr`kkcrsl bulv`s sudsastlgcs y kçblcs fl fanlrlbhachaøb.
da` lb su rlkchaøb h`b lk cf`klshlbtl fldaf` c qul lkk` rl Kc ubafcf fl f`s pcfrls l maj`s fldl h`bvlrtarsl cm`rc lb
qulrarçc ub hcgda` fl rlkchaøb h`b su gcraf`. _ulfl ctchcr ubc ubafcf fl ub pcfrl l maj`s, h`b lk `tr` pcfrl lxhkuaf`.
ck cf`klshlbtl y s`hcvcr su cut`b`gçc, lb kuicr fl hcgdacr C glbuf`, kcs ncgakacs lgprlbflb ubc tlrcpac fldaf` c
su pr`pac chtatuf. Xa kuli` lk pcfrl sl abh`rp`rc ck h`bnkaht` qul kcs bli`hacha`bls qul h`bfuhlb c ubc trcbsahaøb lxat`sc
cp`ycbf` ck maj`, sl h`bstatuyl ubc h`ckahaøb trcbsilblrcha`bck sl mcb vast` dk`qulcfcs. Ls gãs nãhak cyufcr c ubc ncgakac
abcflhucfc (Nai. 3?). Kc satuchaøb pulfl ilblrckazcrsl mcstc qul lbnrlbtc pr`dklgcs rlkcha`bcf`s h`b ubc trcbsahaøb rl
halbtl qul c ubc ncgakac qul mc dk`qulcf` bli`hacha`bls fl
cfcptchaøb c k` kcri` fl ub plrç`f` pr`k`bicf`.
flXtrlss
ncgakacrlnlrlbtls c pr`dklgcs
fldl t`gcr lb hulbtcflt`fcs
afa`sabhrcsac. \b tlrcplutc
kcs harhubstcbhacs y tl
blr prlslbtl kc p`sadakafcf fl qul ãrlcs fltlrgabcfcs fl kc
ncgakac flb kuicr c pcutcs trcbschha`bckls fasnubha`bckls. _`r
ljlgpk`, ubc ncgakac h`b ub maj` rltcrfcf` pulfl mcdlrsl
qul t`fc kc ncgakac sl vlc agpkahcfc lb lk h`bnkaht`. Xa b` cfcptcf` ck pr`dklgc pkcbtlcf` galbtrcs lk baó` lrc plquló`.
sl pr`fuhl babiúb hcgda` ncgakacr, cpcrlhlrãb lklglbt`s _lr` kc rlckafcf flk rltrcs`, qul k`s pcfrls p`fçcb lvatcr
fasnubha`bckls, qul sl rlpltarãb lb t`fcs kcs harhubstcbhacs lb hucbf` lk baó` lrc plquló`, fldl slr lbnrlbtcfc c glfafc
kcs qul sl gcbanalstlb h`bnkaht`s. qul hrlhl y qul kc faspcrafcf fl flscrr`kk` lbtrl ák y k`s
Hucbf` ubc ncgakac abh`rp`rc ub bulv` galgdr`, lsl bulv` baó`s fl su lfcf sl mchl gãs lvaflbtl.
3?6 3?<
Lk gasg`
gasg` tap` fl strlss pulfl pr`fuharsl hucbf` ub baó` Nabckglbtl, ubc ncgakac sl cfcptc ck strlss fl ub g`f` tck
h`b ubc fln`rgaf
fln`rgafcf
cf nçsahc, p`r ljlgpk`
ljlgpk` ub kcda` klp`rab`, qul gcbtalbl kc h`btabuafcf fl kc ncgakac ck gasg` talgp`
hrlhl. Ls p`sadkl qul kc ncgakac sl dcyc cfcptcf` h`rrlhtc qul plrgatl rllstruhturcha`bls. Xa ubc ncgakac rlsp`bfl ck
glbtl c kcs blhlsafcfls flk baó` hucbf` ástl lrc plquló`, strlss h`b raiaflz, sl gcbanalstcb pcutcs fasnubha`bckls. Lvlb-
plr` c glfafc qul hrlhl y lxplraglbtc fanahuktcfls lb su,ab tuckglbtl, lkk` galfl kklvcr kc ncgakac c ubc tlrcpac.
tlrchhaøb h`b irup`s lxtrcçc gakacrls fl baó`s fl su lfcf qul
b` k` chlptcb, lstl strlss pulfl s`drlhcricr ck sastlgc nc
gakacr.
Vcgdaáb ls p`sadkl qul pr`dklgcs fl afa`sabhrcsac trcbsat`
ra`s suplrlb k`s glhcbasg`s qul plrgatlb mchlrkls nrlbtl. Xa
ub galgdr` fl ubc ncgakac sl lbnlrgc slracglbtl, ckiubcs
fl sus nubha`bls y su p`flr fldlb slr csugaf`s p`r `tr`s
galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac. Lstc rlfastraduhaøb rlqualrl ubc cfcp
tchaøb fl kc ncgakac. Hucbf` lk galgdr` lbnlrg` sl rlhuplrc,
sl rlqualrl ubc rlcfcptchaøb pcrc abhkuark` lb su cbtaiuc
p`sahaøb ` pcrc cyufcrk` c csugar ubc bulvc p`sahaøb lb lk
sastlgc.
Lb rlsuglb, lk lsqulgc h`bhlptuck fl ubc ncgakac b`rgck
prlslbtc trls nchltcs. Lb praglr kuicr, ubc ncgakac sl trcbs
n`rgc c k` kcri` flk talgp`, cfcptãbf`sl y rllstruhturãbf`sl
fl tck g`f` qul pulfc sliuar nubha`bcbf`. Xab lgdcri`, ls
p`sadkl qul ubc ncgakac qul mc nubha`bcf` lnahczglbtl rls
p`bfc c strlss flk flscrr`kk` cpliãbf`sl lb n`rgc abcfl
hucfc c lsqulgcs lstruhturckls prlva`s.
Lb sliubf` kuicr, kc ncgakac p`sll ubc lstruhturc qul søk`
pulfl `dslrvcrsl lb g`vagalbt`. Xl prlnalrlb ckiubcs pcutcs,
sunahalbtls pcrc rlsp`bfl! c k`s rlqulragalbt`s mcdatuckls.
_lr` kc n`rtcklzc flk sastlgc flplbfl fl su hcpchafcf pcrc
g`vakazcr pcutcs trcbschha`bckls cktlrbctavcs hucbf` kcs h`b
faha`bls abtlrbcs ` lxtlrbcs fl kc ncgakac kl lxailb ubc rl
lstruhturchaøb. K`s kagatls fl k`s sudsastlgcs fldlb slr nar
gls, plr`, sab lgdcri`, k` sunahalbtlglbtl nklxadkls h`g`
pcrc plrgatar ubc g`fanahchaøb hucbf` kcs harhubstcbhacs
hcgdacb.
3?> 3?9
3?1
3?=
Ecnngcb: °Suá lfcf tlbçcb lbt`bhls0 Xló`r Tcdab: Lb kc chtuckafcf s`brlag`s nrlbtl c pr`dkl
Xló`rc Tcdab: Lk tlbçc 3> y e y y` 3< y ^a.
k
gcs qul lb su g`glbt` pcrlhalr`b guy ircvls5 p`r ljlgpk`,
Ecnngcb: Ls flhar qul rlckglbtl ustlfls talblb guhmc lx hucbf` tuvag`s qul cf`ptcr ubc chtatuf nrlbtl c kcs rlkc
plralbhac. ha`bls s`hackls lb lk abtlra`r flk irup`. B` lrc sagpkl hucb
Xló`rc Tcdab: Xab fufc, s`g`s ubc valjc ncgakac. Fl chulr f` tlbçcg`s `paba`bls h`btrcracs y b` lrc sagpkl hucbf` buls
f` h`b kc nlhmc fl hcscgalbt`, mlg`s n`rgcf` pcrljc mchl trcs `paba`bls lrcb uban`rgls. Ls fançhak slr kc praglrc y
huctr` có`s, plr` lb rlckafcf ubc rlkchaøb fl cgastcf y cg`r úbahc pcrljc lb ub gcrh` tcb plquló`.
sl flscrr`kkø* lbtrl b`s`tr`s flsfl mchl hcsa falz có`s. Xló`rc Tcdab: _albs` qul ls halrt`. Bubhc cbckazãdcg`s kc
Ecnngcb: °Q quá ls k` lxtrcó` lb ls`0 satuchaøb, plr` hrl` qul ls halrt`. Bulstrc satuchaøb lb kc
Xló`rc Tcdab: B` nul ubc satuchaøb fl lbhulbtr` czcr`s` hkcsl lrc ástc: y` lrc glj`r
glj`r lstufacbtl, plr` s`hackglbtl
s`hackglbtl ga
` fl cki` rlplbtab`5 sckag`s jubt`s furcbtl ub talgp` dcs kuicr b` lrc tcb nargl h`gpcrcf` h`b lk fl Gajclk. °B` tl
tcbtl pr`k`bicf` y b` nul fl ub fçc pcrc `tr`. _albs` qul pcrlhl qul lrc csç0
flsfl lk g`glbt` lb qul h`glbzø mcstc lk g`glbt` lb qul Xló`r Tcdab: Xa, sab fufc.
nul hkcr` pcrc b`s`tr`s qul lrcg`s ubc pcrljc, pcsø cpr`xa Xló`rc Tcdab: Q lbt`bhls, fldaf` prlhascglbtl c lst`, sl
gcfcglbtl glfa` có` ‖qualr` flhar, mcstc qul ckhcbzcg`s k`irø ub dulb lquakadra`. Lb t`f` k` rlkcha`bcf` h`b kc lsnlrc
lk Ecnngcb:
pubt` fl Lbsckar`trcs
jubt`s, fl pcscr
pckcdrcs, sa bulstr` talgp`dalb,
k`s lbtalbf` jubt`s.
kklicr`b s`hack,
y` ák b`sgãs.
cyufcdc h`bfuhçc narglglbtl,
Lb rlkchaøb y lb
h`b lst`, lk ãrlc fl ckiub`s
sl pkcbtlcr`b lstufa`,
ck slbtagalb
slbtagalbt`
t` h`gúb fl qul lrcb gutuc gutucglbtl
glbtl cflhucf`s pr`dklgcs fldaf` c qul bulstrcs rlkcha`bls lrcb h`bstruafcs
h`g` pcrljc cpr`xagcfcglbtl flspuás fl glfa` có` fl mc y flstruafcs hcfc tcbt` lb lstl hcgp` fl lstufa`.
dlrsl h`b`haf`. Ecnngc
Ecnngcb:b: °Høg`0
Xló`r Tcdab: Nul klbt`. B` hrl` qul flspuás fl glfa` có` Xló`rc Tcdab: Dulb`, lb gãs fl ubc `hcsaøb ch`stugdrã
supaáslg`s qul çdcg`s c slr ubc pcrljc. dcg`s c flhar: kc tcrlc cbtls qul lk pkchlr" y tlbçcg`s qul
Xló`rc Tcdab: Lrc hlrhc flk nab flk fáhag` hurs` ‖ ‖``m, slbtcrb`s h`g` dulb`s hmah`s pcrc mchlr praglr` bulstr`s
høg` gl h`bnubf` h`b kcs nlhmcs‖, hlrhc fl _cshucs hucb fldlrls, cbtls fl tlblr talgp` pcrc bulstr`s csubt`s pravcf`s.
f` b`s fajag`s hkcrcglbtl qul b`s slbtçcg`s ctrcçf`s. Kuli` Lb ckiub`s hcs`s lrc dcstcbtl `prlsav`.
mud` trls có`s gãs lb qul vavag`s jubt`s flbtr` flk gasg` Ecnngcb
Ecnn gcb:: °@prlsav` fl quá gcblrc0 °Cgd`s flhafçcb lb
gcrh` c k` kcri` fl t`f` lk fçc. Lb rlckafcf, lrc pl`r qul h`bjubt` ` mud` h`bnkaht`s lbtrl ustlfls chlrhc fl lstl pr`
kc vafc ncgakacr. dklgc fl kc tcrlc cbtls qul lk pkchlr0
Ecnngcb: Csa qul ustlf fahl qul b` ls tcb sagpkl vavar Xló`rc Tcdab: Lb guhmcs `hcsa`bls cgd`s scdçcg`s qul tl
flgcsacf` jubt`s. bçcg`s qul slbtcrb`s y lstufacr, plr` b` lstãdcg`s rlckglb
Xló`rc Tcdab: B` ls rlckglbtl tcb sagpkl. Lxastlb gu tl faspulst`s c mchlrk`. _lr` sa nabckglbtl b`s `dkaiãdcg`s
hm`s pr`dklgcs chlrhc fl kc rlkchaøb lbtrl kc pcrljc s`katc y b`s slbtãdcg`s c lstufacr, lbt`bhls y`, h`g` lrc kc glj`r
rac y kc s`halfcf, y b` tlbçcg`s lk gasg` stctus lb kc hkcsl, lstufacbtl, tlbac qul cyufcrk`. Dulb`, c vlhls ub` b` talbl
y lstl plra`f` ls guy hratah` pcrc lk nutur` fl kc rlkchaøb. icbcs fl mchlrk`, y lbt`bhls lstc satuchaøb h`bhkuçc arratãbf`
Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:
b: ^l` qul ustlf s`brçl, Gajclk. b`s. Fl t`fcs n`rgcs, ga chratuf lbt`bhls lrc kc fl qul ls-
33? 333
plrcdc agpchalbtlglbtl lk g`glbt` lb qul tlrgabcrçcg`s fltlrgabcf` lkkc flscpcrlhl y sckl h`b su b`va`. _lr
fltlrgabcf` _lr`` h`g`
bulstr`s lstufa`s, lb lk qul tlrgabcrçcg`s kc lshulkc slhub b`s`tr`s lrcg`s fl kc gasgc ubafcf s`hack, bulstrc flscpcra
fcrac, fl g`f` tck qul lstl ncht`r fl lstufa`s, k`s lbhulb haøb sl slbtçc, kcs plrs`bcs h`gprlbfçcb qul cgd`s sckçcg`s
tr`s pcrc lstufacr b` n`rgcslb pcrtl fl bulstr` vçbhuk`. Lb nulrc flk irup`.
kc chtuckafcf, hcfc ub` talbl su pr`pa` hcgp` fl lstufa`, sus Xló`r Tcdab: Lb ckiub`s
ckiub`s hcs`s, sl pulfl tlblr kc agprlsaøb
pr`pa`s abtlrlsls, y lxastl lbt`bhls ub lquakadra` guhm` gcy`r. fl qul lb k`s irup`s flk g`sscf lstl tap` fl cgastcf b` ls
Cm`rc, babiub` fl b`s`tr`s rlqualrl kc cyufc flk `tr` lb tár qulrafc. B` salgprl, plr` c vlhls sl talbl lsc agprlsaøb.
ga
gab`s
b`s flsaiuckls.
flsaiuckls. Lb kc vafc fl hcscf`s lxastlb pr`dklgcs
pr`dklgcs fl
Suazãs ls p`r lkk` qul kcs pcrljcs n`rgcfcs lb lk slb` flk
ub tap` u `tr`, y hcfc ub` cyufc ck `tr` lb kc glfafc fl k`
gasg` irup` s`b lshcscs. _ulfl slr abhkus` qul tlbicb hlk`s
p`sadkl.
p`sad kl. _lr` lb kc `dkaichaøb pcrc pcrc mchlr k`s fldlrls, b`
fl kc pcrljc.
lrc circfcd
circfcdkl. kl.
Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:
b: Q fl t`fcs gcblrcs, ustlfls k`ircb h`btabucr fu
Xló`r Tcdab: Kl fcrá `tr` `tr` ljlgpk`
ljlgpk` fl kcs fanahuktcfls qul rcbtl guhm`s có`s dcj` lstcs furcs h`bfaha`bls. °Suá k`s
lbnrlbtc kc pcrljc lb lk abtlra`r flk irup`. Lb lk g`vagalbt` kklvø c ubarsl0
ju
juvl
vlbbak
ak,, s`kç
s`kçc
c mcdlr
mcdlr hmcrkc
hmcrkcs,
s, y lb ck
ckiu
iubb`s hcs`s
hcs`s ub
ub halrt`
halrt` bú
bú Xló`rc Tcdab: Hrl` qul s`g`s ub hkãsah` ljlgpk` fl k`
glr` fl galgdr`s cnargcdcb qul b`s`tr`s b`s `hupãdcg`s qul c vlhls sl kkcgc kc ctrchhaøb fl k`s `pulst`s. B` hrl`
flgcsacf`
flgc sacf` lk ub` flk `tr` y qul fl lsl g`f` b`s ckljãdcg`s
ckljãdcg`s qul lxastcb guhmcs pcrljcs qul slcb tcb fastabtcs.
fl kc vafc h`klhtavc.
h`klhtav c. Fl lsl g`f`,
g`f`, ástl
ást l lrc ub` fl k`s pr` Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:b: Tlckglbtl, lbt`bhls, lst` pr`p`rha`bcrã guhm`
dklgcs qul tlbçcg`s qul lbnrlbtcr y suplrcr, lk fl v`kvlr gctlrack c kc gcblrc lb qul ustlfls trctcb lk pr`dklgc fl
c kc vafc h`klhtavc, h`g` cbtls. _albs` qul lrc guy lxcilrc k`s h`btrcstls.
f`, plr` kc prlsaøb s`hack ls guy abtlbsc y ustlf fldl flg`strcr Xló`rc Tcdab: X`g`
X`g`ss gu
guy y fanlrlbtls . . . praglr`, tú Gajclk.
qul lkk`s lstãb lquav`hcf`s. Lstcs prlsa`bls cnlhtcb c cgd`s Ecnngc
Ecnngcb:b: °Vlgl abnkuark`0
abtlircbtls fl kc pcrljc y pkcbtlcb fanahuktcfls pcrc lkk`s. Xló`rc Tcdab: B`, tlg` qul flspuás
flspuás fl gas pckcdrcs b`
Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:b: Fl t`fcs n`rgcs, pcrlhl qul flspuás fl t`f` kl qulfl bcfc qul flhar.
ustlfls lrcb dulb`s hmah`s. Kc s`halfcf qulrac qul ustlfls Xló`r Tcdab: Cbckazcr bulstr`s hcrchtlrls ls cki` dcstcbtl
lstufacslb gãs, y lbt`bhls ustlfls rlbubhacdcb c sus pr`pa`s h`gpkahcf`. Gl h`bsaflr` ubc plrs`bc guhm` gãs trcbquakc.
pkchlrls plrs`bckls.
plrs`bckls.
gcs chtavcglbtl Kc b`
y qul s`halfcf qulrçc h`g`
sl lxhkuylslb qul h`btraduylslb
h`btraduylsl
pcrljc, y lbb Hrl` qul ls` sl lxprlsc tcgdaáb lb kcs chtavafcfls s`hackls.
Gl kklv` dalb h`b kc gcy`r pcrtl fl kcs plrs`bcs flk eaddutz,
t`bhls ustlfls k` chlptcr`b flspuás fl fufcr ub p`h`. sab pr`dklgcs. Lb lk trcbshurs` fl gas lstufa`s b` k`irá gu
Xló`rc Tcdab: B` pulf` cnargcr qul salgp
salgprl
rl chlptcg`s hm`, plr` lb kcs tcrlcs qul gl csaibcdc lk g`vagalbt` ju
kc prlsaøb fl kc s`halfcf (pcutc). H`g` cgd`s plrtlblhçc vlbak, lb kcs `trcs chtavafcfls lb lk g`sscf, y lb k`s favlrs`s
g`s c kc gasgc
gasgc hkcsl, ck gas
gasg`
g` irup`, vavçcg`s ubc f`dkl trcdcj`s flk eaddutz, b` tlbçc babiúb pr`dklgc. Q` lrc chtav`
vafc. Fl pr`bt` árcg`s ubc ubafcf fl kc gasgc hkcsl, y, fl y h``plrcdc lb t`fcs kcs tcrlcs s`hackls lb kcs qul sl gl
i`kpl, sckçcg`s nulrc flk irup`. Hucbf` ub guhmchm` y ubc s`kahatcdc qul k` mahalsl.
hmahc plrtlblhçcb c hkcsls fanlrlbtls, bcfal flhçc bcfc hucb Xló`rc Tcdab: Lb ilblrck bubhc tl lk`iacs5 p`r k` glb`s
glb`s
f` sckçcb jubt`s. V`f`s scdlb lbt`bhls qul lb ub g`glbt` mczk` cm`rc. °_`r quá b` pr`saiuls0
333 338
Xló`r Tcdab: _albs` qul ls tu turb` cm`rc. Xló`rc Tcdab: Lst`y t`tckglbtl fl chulrf` qul ls halrt`,
Ecnngcb
Ecnngcb:: Cbtls ustlfls mcdkcr`b fl h`btrcstls. °V`f` k` plr` fl t`fcs gcblrcs lk hcrãhtlr plrsastl. Q flk gasg` g`f`
qul Gajclk faj` chlrhc fl sç fanalrl fl su hcrãhtlr0 lb qul y` rlchha`b` flgcsacf` ciufcglbtl cbtl lstcs h`satcs
Xló`rc Tcdab: B`, lk pr`dklgc prabhapck, kc fanlrlbhac prab qul quazã b` glrlhlb ubc rlchhaøb slgljcbtl, tcgdaáb palbs`
hapck ‖b` pulf` lxprlscrgl lb p`hcs pckcdrcs‖ s`b kc trcb M vlhls qul ák b` salgprl rlchha`bc hucbf` fldlrçc mchlrk`.
quakafcf, kc hckgc, kc lstcdakafcf qul h`bstatuylb sus rcsi`s Ecnngcb: ^lcg`s quá `hurrl hucbf` c ustlf rlckglbt
rlckglbtll k`
prabhapckls, plr` qul b` lxastlb lb gç. H`bgai` t`f` lstã lb malrlb.
tlbsaøb, lb ckiub`s hcs`s blictavc y lb `tr`s p`satavc, plr` Xló`rc Tcdab: Vcgp`h` rlchha`bc.
bubhc lb lquakadra`. _crc gç bubhc kc vafc pcsc hckgcglbtl. Xló`r Tcdab: C vlhls fai` cki`, plr` quazã b` h`b kc su
Q ls p`r lkk` qul tlbi` guhmcs nrahha`bls lb ga rlkchaøb h`b nahalbtl narglzc h`g` pcrc qul b` vulkvc c `hurrar. Lb gu
kc ilbtl. B` hlf`. Lk ls guhm` gãs abfukilbtl ‖tcgdaáb mchac hm`s hcs`s, rlckglbtl, b` rlchha`b`5 lb halrt` g`f` gl k`
gç‖ y y` b`. B` plrf`b`, gl lb`j` nãhakglbtl. Hrl` qul trci`, plr` lb ckiub`s hcs`s rlchha`b`. _albs` qul b` salg
tcgdaáb lrc csç hucbf` baóc. Lb lk g`sscf k`s gclstr`s salg prl ls p`sadkl rls`kvlr t`fcs kcs fasputcs, plr` cub gas rlch
prl gl flhçcb qul b` blhlsatcdcb ub cd`icf`. Vlbi` kc ag ha`bls g`flrcfcs talblb ckiúb lnlht`, hrl`.
prlsaøb fl qul ga slbtaf` fl kc justahac ls flgcsacf` abtlbs`. Xló`rc Tcdab: Lb lstl pubt`, tlbi` cki` qul cócfar, y ástc
V`fcs kcs
mcdkcr, p`rplrs`bcs k` talblb,galbtrcs
quá abtlrnlrar0", plr` guhmcs
guqul
hmcsy`fahlb:
fld` "°_`r quá
rlchha`bcr ls
lk ubc vlzqul
talgp` gãsmlubc fl kcs fanlrlbhacs.
h`b`haf` Hrl` k`
c Gajclk, bubhc qulmlfurcbtl t`f`
vast` absuk
salgprl.
salgp rl. V`f` k` qul palbs`, k` fai`. Ls tcb tcb halrt`,
halrt`, qul lb tcr c bcfal. Cki` csç sagpklglbtl b` lxastl pcrc ák. Lb`j` sç,
guhm`s hcs`s mcdk` cbtls fl plbscr. _albs` qul Gajclk ls plr` flbtr` fl ák, trcbquakcglbtl, h`b rasc ` h`b flsfáb. Lk
fanlrlbtl. Lk lstã
lstã lb pcz h`bsai` gasg`
gasg` p`rqul scdl: "ml rlcka
rlcka ls mlraf`, plr` b` malrl. Q`, p`r lk h`btrcra`, malr` guy pr`b
zcf` gas fldlrls pcrc h`bgai` y pcrc h`b k`s `tr`s, lbt`bhls t` y guy pr`bt` tcgdaáb gl salbt` mlrafc. Cfgat` qul pulf`
t`f` lstã dalb". Lb gãs fl ubc `hcsaøb `hurraø qul ckiualb absuktcr c kc ilbtl. C vlhls abtlbt` f`gabcrgl, plr` ga h`b
p`r lk qul Gajclk mcdçc mlhm` guhm` b` chtuø flk gasg` g`f` tr`k ls guhm` gãs fádak. Gajclk ls guhm` gãs lquakadrcf`.
pcrc h`b ák, cubqul su fldlr lrc mchlrk`. Gl salbt` guy mlra C kcs plrs`bcs b` kls iustc kc ilbtl qul malrl y qul sl salbtl
fc lbt`bhls, fldaf` c qul kl fai`: "mahastl
"mahastl guhm`, °p`r quá mlrafc. Kcs mchl slbtar abhøg`fcs. Q lbt`bhls h`b ubc plr
b` tl trctcb flk gasg` g`f`0". s`bc h`g` Gajclk, qul hucbf` k` malrlb plrgcblhl trcbquak`,
Xló`r Tcdab: _lr` y` kl fai` c Lstmlr: "Dulb`, `kvaflg`s b` fahl bcfc, ls guhm` gãs nãhak.
lst`". Q lkkc ls gãs agpuksavc y lstã faspulstc c plklcr lb Ecnngcb: Gl prliubt` sa `hurrl k` gasg` lb kc rlkchaøb
sliuafc. lbtrl ustlfls.
Xló`rc Tcdab: Ls halrt`, plkl`5 h`bgai` b` mcy t`btlrçcs. Xló`rc Tcdab: Xç, k` chlpt`. Kl fará, mcy ub hmastl lbtrl
_lr` cpcrlbtlglbtl talbls rczøb. ^avls gãs trcbquak`, talbls b`s`tr`s qul furc flsfl qul b`s h`b`hlg`s. Xalgprl fai`
ubc vafc glj`r. qul bubhc plklcg`s, sagpklglbtl y` plkl` s`kc. H`galb
Xló`r Tcdab: Lb h`bjubt`,
h`bjubt`, ástcs s`b h`scs fl lshcsc
lshcsc agp`r
agp`r z` ubc plklc, Gajclk b` h`btlstc. Gl lb`j` y gl arrat` hcfc
tcbhac, b` pr`dklgcs fl prabhapa`. B` mcy blhlsafcf fl lb` vlz gãs. Kl mcdk`, plr` ák sl qulfc trcbquak` y b` rlsp`bfl.
jc
jcrs
rsll h`b tcbt
tcbtc
c nchak
nchakaf
afcf
cf.. Csç, nabckglbtl, gl rlh`bhaka` h`bgai` gasgc, h`b ák tcg-
336 33<
331
33=
qul ls sagpklglbtl ub pr`dklgc fl kcs harhubstcbhacs `djltavcs. pulstcs c mchlr ub lsnulrz`, y sl prl`hupcb. Cfgat` qul lsc
Xló`r Tcdab: Q, sab lgdcri`, Lstmlr cnargc c vlhls qul s`y satuchaøb cnlhtc kc vafc ncgakacr.
ub m`kiczãb, y y` hrl` qul ls` talbl su pcrtl dulbc. Ecnngcb: °Q ustlf kl plfarçc qul susplbfc su trcdcj`0
Xló`rc Tcdab: °Xu pcrtl dulbc0 Xló`rc Tcdab: ¡Jcgãs!
Xló`r Tcdab: (Tascs). Xç, c vlhls ls glj`r b` slr flgcsacf` Ecnngcb: _lr` ustlf sl quljc tcbt` chlrhc fl kcs fançhakls
fakailbtl. h`bfaha`bls fl trcdcj` fl Gajclk.
Xló`rc Tcdab: Cm, cm`rc talbls ubc tl`rçc, ubc dcsl afl`kø Xló`rc Tcdab: Ls halrt`, plr` b` sl trctc fl cki` p`r k`
iahc. Xa talbls prabhapa`s, hrl` qul b` sarvl fl bcfc slrg` qul gl qulj` salgprl. Q` sagpklglbtl "kcri` vcp`r" hcfc
blcrtl pcrc qul tl vulkvcs gãs chtav`. tcbt`. Xagpklglbtl p`r hcuscs li`çstcs, kl paf` qul vulkvc
Ecnngcb: _lr` ubc h`sc ls halrtc, p`r k` qul ml vast` mcstc c kcs trls pcrc qul pulfc flshcbscr mcstc kcs huctr`, y lbt`b
cm`rc. K`s slrg`bl`s h`bstcbtls fl Lstmlr lb rlckafcf b` k` hls tlbi` ub m`gdrl chtav` y nrlsh`.
lstagukcb. Ecnngcb: °Lbt`bhls, quá0
Xló`r y sló`rc Tcdab (jubt`s): B`. Xló`rc Tcdab: Lbt`bhls, y` kcri` vcp`r5 plr` chlpt` lk mlhm`
Ecnngcb: Xl pkcbtlc lk pr`dklgc fl vlr høg` k` cnlhtc lsl fl qul, sa h`bsaflrc blhlscra` sliuar trcdcjcbf`, ák scdl k`
h`bstcbtl slrg`bl`. H`g` b` k` lstagukc c mchlr h`scs, qua qul mchl. Lk b` abtlrnalrl lb ga trcdcj`, y y` b` abtlrnalr`
zãs mcstc halrt` pubt` k` arratc y pr`v`hc su abchtavafcf. Suazã lb lk suy`.
slc ástc ubc lxpkahchaøb pcrhack fl kc h`btrcfahhaøb lbtrl su Ecnngcb: Lbt`bhls, ustlf fahl qul, h`g` ák sl sctasnchl h`b
fakailbhac lb lk lxtlra`r y su supulst` mcrcicbl` lb su hcsc. su trcdcj`, lbt`bhls ustlf talbl qul pcicr ub halrt` prlha`,
Xló`r Tcdab: Mcy cki` fl halrt` lb k` qul fahl. _lr` fl ustlf lstã faspulstc c ub h`gpr`gas`.
t`f`s g`f`s hrl` qul kc prabhapck hcusc s`b kcs harhubstcbhacs Xló`rc Tcdab: Gãs qul ls`, palbs` qul lk prlha` qul pci`
`djltavcs. Lsh ls lk pr`dklgc cquç lb lk eaddutz. Mcy ls ls guy circfcdkl5 b` salbt` qul lst`y mchalbf` ub schranaha`.
hcslz fl gcb` fl `drc, lbt`bhls t`f` lk qul sl salbtl h`g` _lr` palbs` qul ls lk prlha` qul pcicg`s p`rqul ák cdcbf`bø
pcrtl flk eaddutz, qul b` salbtl qul lstã lbnrlbtcbf` ck fuló` su m`icr y vabag`s c vavar cquç ck eaddutz Tlilv.
fl ubc nãdrahc qul abtlbtc lxpk`tcrk` sab` qul kc pkcbtc ls Ecnngcb: Xç, ustlf ls fl `tr` eaddutz. \stlf bchaø lb lk
tcgdaáb suyc, t`f` lk qul vl kc satuchaøb fl lsl g`f` b` eaddutz Gc'cick.
pulfl
pcrcr kclvatcr mchlr m`rcs
pr`fuhhaøb. lxtrcs
Ls halrt` qulhucbf` kc cktlrbctavc
mcy ckiubcs plrs`bcsslrçc
qul Xló`rc
qulrçc Lsk` halrt`,
Tcdab:y`
mchlrk`, y ákK`cdcbf`bø
prlsa`bá. su eaddutz. Lk p`r
mahl nubfcglbtckglbtl b`
fljcb fl trcdcjcr lb lk m`rcra` rliukcr y qul b` sl prl`hupcb ubc rczøb ncgakacr. Flspuás fl t`f` lb su ncgakac mcy trls
p`r bcfc, plr` kc gcy`r pcrtl flk plrs`bck trcdcjc h`g` fldl mlrgcb`s gãs, y sus pcfrls s`b guy jøvlbls. Lk ls lk maj`
mchlrk`. gcy`r y y` s`y kc glb`r. Gas pcfrls s`b guhm` gãs valj`s
Xló`rc Tcdab: Lb lk plrs`bck táhbah`, f`s fl k`s huctr` mchlb y guhm` glb`s sckufcdkls. Lbt`bhls prlsa`bá u Gajclk p`r
lk csubt` fl kc ncgakac.
søk` lk m`rcra` rliukcr.
Xló`r Tckrab: Lst`s f`s talblb pr`dklgcs plrs`bckls t`tck Ecnngcb: \stlf qualrl flhar qul qulrçc qulfcrsl lb ;•!
glbtl fanlrlbtls, y ls p`r ls` qul chtúcb csa. _lr` kcs plr eaddutz Tlilv y qul su satuchaøb ncgakacr lsplhack kc cyufø
s`bcs c kcs qul y` kkcgcrçc b`rgckls, gãs ` glb`s, lstãb fas- c rlckazcr su flsl`. _lr` lxastçc ubc favlrilbhac lbtrl ustá-
343
34?
fls, cpcrlbtlglbtl guy slrac. B` nul nãhak pcrc ustlf cdcb Ecnngcb: °Ck h`galbz` fl su vafc fl hcscf`s0
f`bcr su m`icr5 hcfc ub` fl ustlfls tlbac ub m`icr lb ub Xló`r Tcdab: B` sá sa b`s cnlhtø c cgd`s h`g` pcrljc, plr`
kuicr fanlrlbtl, y tuvalr`b qul flhafar cf`bfl ar, c su ead gl cnlhtø c gç plrs`bckglbtl. B` h`b`hçc kc s`halfcf fl
dutz ` ck suy`. °Høg` t`gcr`b kc flhasaøb0 Tlilv flgcsacf` dalb. H`b`hçc c kc ilbtl, plr` b` gl slb
Xló`r Tcdab: Kc vlrfcf ls qul tuvag`s ubc plklc guy tçc hlrhc fl lkk`s. Vlbçc ubc halrtc agprlsaøb fl slr ub lx
kcric. trcó`, cub lb lk trcdcj`. Lb Gccick valj`s cgai`s ch`stug
Xló`rc Tcdab: _raglr` pr`dá lb lk eaddutz fl Gajclk. Ls drcdcb vasatcrgl p`r k` glb`s ubc vlz p`r slgcbc, y cquç
tuvag`s lb Gccick furcbtl ub plrç`f` fl lbscy` fl `hm` y` lxtrcócdc su h`gpcóçc.
glsls, y csç, gãs tcrfl, pufl fcrgl hulbtc glj`r fl qul Xló`rc Tcdab: Xç, y` scdçc ls`, s`kçcs flhçrglk`. _lr` b`
plbscdc qul fldlrçcg`s vavar lb ga eaddutz. hrl` qul mcyc cnlhtcf` bulstrc vafc h`gúb. B` hrl` qul mcyc
Ecnngcb
Ecnn gcb:: Lbt`bhls faspusalr`b
faspusalr`b fl talgp` sunahalbtl
sunahalbtl pcrc hcuscf` babiubc hrasas ncgakacr, °b` tl pcrlhl0
flhafarsl. °Høg` kklicr`b c su flhasaøb h`gúb0 Xló`r Tcdab: B`, kc hrasas nul kc gufcbzc fl ub eaddut
eaddutzz
Xló`r Tcdab: Dulb`,
Dulb`, y` b` qulrçc vlbar cquç, ck eaddutz
eaddutz c `tr`, cdcbf`bcbf` gas pr`pa`s cgai`s, Hrl` qul ga hçrhuk`
Tlilv5 plr` cflgãs fl t`f` k` qul sl mc fahm`, mcy harhubs lb Gccick, dulb`, lb praglr kuicr lrcb ub p`h` gcy`rls
tcbhacs `djltavcs. Hucbf` sl n`rgc ubc ncgakac, sl fldl h`b qul kc ilblrchaøb gãs j`vlb fl Tlilv, y, lbt`bhls, tcgdaáb
saflrcr kc satuchaøb fl k`s pcfrls y kc ncgakac lb ilblrck. X`b hrl` qul lrcb gãs slra`s5 lsc ls ga `pabaøb, y k`s lxtrcócdc.
h`scs qul b` sl pulflb
pulflb aib`rcr. Lbt`bhls,
Lbt`bhls, ub` plklc plr` lb Xló`rc Tcdab: Lstl lrc tcgdaáb ub pr`dklgc qul b` p`
rlckafcf h`gprlbfç qul b` tlbçc `phaøb. fçc lvatcrsl. Xuriaø fldaf` c kc gufcbzc fl kuicr lb lk qul
Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:b: °Q lbt`bhls ustlf b` tlbçc rcz`bls
rcz`bls `djltavcs hkc
hk c vavçcs y fl kc h`gpcóçc qul ckkç tlbçcs. B` nul ubc fasputc
rcs pcrc qulfcrsl lb su eaddutz0 `raiabcfc lb fanlrlbhacs fl hcrãhtlr lbtrl b`s`tr`s. Lstuvl lb
Xló`r Tcdab: Kc úbahc hcusc ls qul lrc ga m`icr. Lb lk Gccick furcbtl `hm` glsls y b` pufl p`blrgl c trcdcjcr.
trcdcj` y lb kc s`halfcf b` tlbac pr`dklgcs y p`fçc lstcr B` fldaf` c qul s`y ubc plrs`bc qul b` trcdcjc ` qul b`
guy dalb lb huckqualrc fl k`s eaddutzag. Lbt`bhls palbs` lstã faspulstc c chlptcr rlsp`bscdakafcfls, sab` fldaf` c qul
qul kcs rcz`bls ncgakacrls lrcb kcs flhasavcs. b` pufl lbh`btrcr ub klbiucjl h`gúb h`b kcs plrs`bcs fl
Ecnngcb
Ecnngcb:: Lbt`bhls
Lbt`bhls,, ustlf vab`
vab` ck eaddutz fl Lstmlr h`b
h`b ck ckkç, kcs plrs`bcs qul trcdcjcdcb h`bgai`. _albs` qul ls` sl
iubc rlslrvc abtlrbc y kc blhlsafcf fl suplrcr su `djlhaøb. fldl c kcs fanlrlbhacs lbtrl bulstr`s f`s eaddutz, lk gç` y lk
Xló`r Tcdab: Ls guy sagpkl, k` mahl p`r Lstmlr. Hucbf` fl Gajclk.
ub` lkail c ckiualb pcrc t`fc kc vafc, sl fldl slr h`bsaflrcf`. Ecnngcb
Ecn ngcb:: Dulb`, chlrhc fl su pr`pac rlkchaøb plrs`bck,
Ecnngcb
Ecnngcb:: Lbt`bhls,
Lbt`bhls, ustlf sabtaø qul lrc agp`rtcbtl pcrc pcrlhlb mcdlr ckhcbzcf` ub gcrh` fl rlkcha`bls lstcdkl lb
kcs dulbcs rlkcha`bls lbtrl ustlfls. trl ustlfls y h`b lk qul pcrlhlb lstcr fl chulrf`.
Xló`r T`dl
T`dlb:
b: Vcgdaáb mudalsl p`faf` mcdlr
mcdlr dulbcs rlkc
rlkc Xló`rc Tcdab: Lstcdkl sç, plr` b` salgprl lstuvag`s fl
ha`bls lb Gccick, plr` tlbac kc agprlsaøb qul kcs rlkcha`bls chulrf` h`b ák. _lr` ub` cprlbfl c sucvazcr kcs h`scs, c fl
ncgakacrls lrcb fl pls` y guy agp`rtcbtls pcrc Lstmlr5 lb j
jcr
crkc
kcss fl kcf
kcf`, mchlrr ircbfls pr`dklgcs fl kcs pl
`, c b` mchl
t`bhls nabckglbtl chlptá. C flhar vlrfcf, lb ub h`galbz` qulócs h`scs. B` hrl` qul lxastcb slracs plklcs lbtrl b`s`tr`s.
mud` guhm`s pr`dklgcs. Flspuás fl t`f`, °quá p`frçc hcuscr ubc fasputc slrac lbtrl
344 348
f`s plrs`bcs lb su vafc ncgakacr0 °Lk pr`dklgc fl kc lfu Xló`rc Tcdab: B` tlblg`s
tlblg`s lb cds`kut` pr`dklgcs h`b lk
hchaøb fl k`s maj`s0 baó`. Cbtls
Cbtls s`kçcb pkcbtlcrsl ckiub`s pr`dklgcs.
pr`dklgcs. Galbtrcs k`s
Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:
b: _`frçc slr. baó`s vavlb lb kc hcsc fl k`s dldás, kc gltcplklt b` sl prl`hu
Xló`r Tcdab: Lbt`bhls t`fcvçc b` kklicg`s
kklicg`s c ls`5 tlblg`s
tlblg`s pc p`r ch`stcr c k`s baó`s5 hcfc gcfrl sl `hupc p`r ch`stcr
søk` ub maj`
Xló`rc plquló`.
Tcdab: Ls halrt`
halrt ` qul ctrcvlsá ub plra`f` fl hrasas su pr`pa`
cgltcpl klt sl maj`.
gltcplklt Hucbf`
lbhcric sl vcb
fl ch`stcr k`s fl
ch`stcrk`s fl kc hcsc Lb
b`hml. fl k`s
rlkcdldás,
rlkchaøb kc
haøb h`b
hucbf` bchaø lk hmah`. B` gl iustcdc qul vavalsl lb kc hcsc ls` sunrag`s guhm`. Bulstr` maj` lstcdc rlckglbtl dalb flscrr`
fl k`s baó`s. B` gl iustcdc qul fl b`hml lstuvalsl klj`s fl kkcf`, y nul lk praglr` fl k`s dldás lb rlchha`bcr cbtl lk mlhm`
ga, dcj` lk huafcf` fl kc gltcplklt
gltcplklt (ubc huafcf`rc fl baó
baó`s
`s fl qul gl adc furcbtl lk fçc, y lk praglr` lb kk`rcr hucbf`
lfuhcfc pcrc rlckazcr lsl trcdcj`). Ba saqualrc lstcdc sctasnl su gcfrl sl adc fl b`hml. Furcbtl slas glsls lbtlr`s b`s
hmc h`b kc gltcplklt qul tlbçc. _lr` sá qul vav` lb ub eaddutz slbtcg`s lb su hcgc furcbtl cpr`xagcfcglbtl ubc m`rc hcfc
y høg` ls kc vafc cqua. B` tlbi` `phaøb. Cpcrtl fl lst`, lb b`hml mcstc qul sl f`rgçc. V`f`s
V`f`s k`s `tr`s baó`s
baó`s lrcb
lrc b guhm`
rlckafcf, b` tlbi` lb rlckafcf p`r quá quljcrgl. Lb kc hcsc gãs trcbquak`s. Ckiubcs plrs`bcs b`s rlpr`hmcdcb y flhçcb
fl k`s baó`s mchlb k` gãxag` pcrc k`s baó`s. Lbtrl b`s`tr`s qul lk fçc lb qul lgplzø c pkcbtlcr pr`dklgcs fl b`hml
b` talbl slbtaf` mchlr pr`dklgcs p`rqul lk baó` b` sl qulfc b` mudaáslg`s fldaf` mchlrkl h`bhlsa`bls, sab` qul mudaásl
g`s fldaf` fljcrk` kk`rcr l arb`s. _lr` b` lstcdc faspulstc c
fl b`hml h`bgai`. Xa furgalsl h`b b`s`tr`s lb kc hcsc, b`s`tr`s
fljcr qul ga maj` kk`rcsl furcbtl ubc m`rc cbtls fl f`rgarsl.
tcgdaáb f`rgarçcg`s, galbtrcs qul lb kc hcsc fl k`s baó`s
Suazã sa gl mudalsl h`btr`kcf` y k` mudalsl fljcf` kk`rcr
salgprl mcy ckiualb flspalrt` fl b`hml, hlrhc suy`. Kc gltc
furcbtl f`s ` trls m`rcs, tcgdaáb k` mcdrçc suplrcf`. _lr`
plklt `yl t`f`s k`s ruaf`s, k`s lst`rbuf`s. Lbt`bhls, lb rlcka
b`s slbtcg`s ck kcf` suy` fl n`rgc tck qul pufalsl f`rgarsl
fcf, lk baó` b` lstã s`k` plr` fl t`fcs n`rgcs salbt` h`g`
rlkcjcf` y trcbquak`, galbtrcs y` plrfçc ga pr`pac hckgc. Q`
sa lstuvalsl s`k` fl b`hml. lrc rlsp`bscdkl pcrc kc fastraduhaøb fl trcdcj`s lb lk eaddutz
Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:
b: Bulvcglb
Bulvcglbtl,
tl, kc kuhmc lbtrl slbtagalbt`
slbtagalbt` y rczøb. y b` tlbçc pchalbhac pcrc kc tcrlc. Lbt`bhls, t`fcs kcs b`hmls
Xló`rc Tcdab: Ls halrt`. Lbt`bhls h`bsaflr` qul hucbf` Gajclk sl slbtcdc h`b lk dldá. Lbt`bhls, hucbf` ák maz` su
tlbic ub bulv`
bulv` dldá, quazã gl ch`stugdrcrá. Xab fufc, hucb
hucb slrvaha` gakatcr fl rlslrvc lb lk ljárhat`, ga mlrgcbc chufaø
f` lk baó` vcyc ck jcrfçb fl abncbtls y c kc lshulkc tcgdaáb c cyufcrgl p`rqul y` slbt c qul slbtcrgl h`b lk baó` salbf`
sl pkcbtlcrãb `tr`s pr`dklgcs. _lr` fldaf` c qul vav` lb lk ub gcb`j` fl blrva`s b` slrvarçc pcrc trcbquakazcrk`. Gl slb
eaddutz p`rqul k` ml lkliaf`, b` p`r blhlsafcf, chlpt` lstcs tçc guy tlbsc p`r ga trcdcj`, cpurcfc p`r h`bhkuar gas tcrlcs,
h`scs. y søk` k` mcdrçc fcócf`. Lbt`bhls, mcstc qul Gajclk rlt`rbø
Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:
b: Lbt`bhls
Lbt`bhls lk baó` b` pkcbtlø
pkcbtlø babiúb
babiúb bulv`
bulv` pr` flk ljárhat` gl `hupá flk baó` søk` pcrhackglbtl, cyufcfc
dklgc lbtrl ustlfls. _lr`, fl t`fcs n`rgcs, lk bchagalbt` fl lb pcrtl p`r ga pcfrl y ga mlrgcbc. _lr` hucbf` Gajclk ls
ub baó` fldl mcdlr cnlhtcf` su vafc ncgakacr. tcdc lb hcsc, ástc lrc su tcrlc5 h`bgai`, lk baó` blhlsatcdc
Xló`r Tcdab: Flspuás flk bchagalbt` flk baó`, mud` cki` ubc m`rc pcrc f`rgarsl, y h`b Gajclk søk` vlabtl gabut`s.
gabut`s.
cfaha`bck qul sl ubaø c kc ncgakac5 y sa ls ub baó` cf`rcdkl, H`bgai`, s`kçc juicr y slr rlv`kt`s`5 sl cpr`vlhmcdc fl ga.
h`g` lk bulstr`, huy`s pr`irls`s s`b lxhlklbtls, lbt`bhls p`r
supulst` ls` b`s fc guhm` pcrc hcfc ub` fl b`s`tr`s. Xló`r Tcdab
Tcdab:: Flsfl lk fçc lb qul sl gufø
gufø c kkc
c hcsc
hc sc fl
fl ba-
346 34<
ó`s gcy`rls y kc gltcplklt csugaø kc rlsp`bscdakafcf fl ch`s Xló`rc Tcdab: Lk pr`dklgc prabhapck ls qul Jlruscklg lstã
tcrk`, t`f`s k`s pr`dklgcs qulfcr`b suplrcf`s. Lk vc h`b kc tcb klj`s, y ga pr`ircgc abhkuyl lstufa`s tcgdaáb k`s valr
gltcplklt, fahl "mcstc kuli` gcga, mcstc kuli` pcpa". B` bl bls y fl b`hml tcrfl t`fc kc slgcbc. Lb lk eaddutz, bubhc
hlsatc bcfc ba c bcfal. mc `hurraf` cbtls qul kc gcfrl fl ub baó` plquló` fldalrc
Xló`rc Tcdab: Lk hcgda` nul tcb frãstah` y s`rprlbflbtl, fljcrk` lk sãdcf` fl gcócbc y rlirlscr lk valrbls fl tcrfl
flsfl lk praglr fçc lb qul k` kklvcg`s fl vulktc c kc b`hml gcb:: G
Ecnngcb
Ecnn Gll prliubt` høg` kklicr`b c lsc flhasaøb, gl
c su bulvc hcsc5 sl slbtø lb kc glsc h`b kc gltcplklt, garø rlnalr` c qul Lstmlr pcrtalsl y lstufacsl furcbtl ub có`.
ub kadr` fl naiurcs, y ls` nul t`f`. Ba "gcga" ba "pcpa" ba Tcdab: B` sá sa sl k` pulfl h`bsaflrcr
Xló`r Tcdab: h`bsafl rcr h`g` ub pr`
bcfc. Q` tlbçc ub agpuks` bcturck c flscpcrlhlr lb lk g` dklgc, pcrc cgd`s lrc `dva` qul Lstmlr fldçc lstufacr. Lk
glbt` lb qul ák fcdc vulktc su hcdlzc, plr`, p`r supulst`, úbah` pr`dklgc lrc sa y` p`fçc `hupcrgl flk baó` y lstcr
b` k` mci`. K` kkcg`, y kl fai`, "mcstc kuli`, gcgã sl vc". t`tckglbtl kadrl pcrc pcscr kcs m`rcs h`b ák. Xa lst` lrc p`
Lk baó` scdl qul gl lst`y ylbf`5 gl vl argl, y b` mcy sadkl, lbt`bhls b` mcdrçc pr`dklgcs. _`sp`blr k`s lstufa`s
pr`dklgc. mcstc qul lk baó` hrlhalsl mudalsl saibanahcf` lsplrcr guhm`s
Ecnngcb: Xab fufc, palbs` qul ástc ls kc glj`r gcblrc có`s, p`rqul pr`dcdklglbtl tlbfrlg`s kuli` gãs maj`s. Lb
pcrc ch`stugdrcr ck baó`, b` flscpcrlhalbf` rlplbtabcglbtl, t`bhls, ls glj`r pcrc lkkc arsl hucbf` talbl ub s`k` maj`, glj`r
p`rqul lb lsl hcs` su sliurafcf sl vl cnlhtcfc, plr` kc gc qul f`s. _albs` qul lrc k` glj`r.
blrc lb qul ustlfls chtucdcb, "abgubazcbf`" ck baó` h`btrc Xló`rc Tcdab: Suazãs mudalsl p`faf` p`stlricr gas lstufa`s
kc pcrtafc lb n`rgc ircfuck y bcturck. _albs`, sa k`s h`gprlb f`s có`s gãs, mcstc qul lk baó` tuvalsl huctr` ` habh` có`s.
fç h`rrlhtcglbtl qul su huafcf` h`gúb flk baó` hrlø ub Suazãs mcycg`s h`gltaf` ub lrr`r lb rlkchaøb h`b lst`, plr`
tlgc cfaha`bck chlrhc flk huck ustlfls p`fçcb mcdkcr5 b` b` b`s crrlplbtag`s.
pr`v`hø fanlrlbhacs ` fasputcs sab` p`r lk h`btrcra`... Ecnngc
Ecnngcb: b: Gl pcrlhl plrnlhtcglbtl kliçtag` qul ub` qualrc
Xló`rc Tcdab: B`, b` mcy h`bnkaht`s chlrhc flk baó`, Abhkus` rlckazcrsl plrs`bckglbtl y qul kuhml p`r lkk`, lsplhackglbtl
hucbf` bchaø, k` mcdçcg`s pkcbanahcf` y b`s mcdçcg`s pulst` hucbf` ustlf h`bnac lb Gajclk pcrc rlckazcr lk trcdcj` fl cg
fl chulrf` lbtrl b`s`tr`s. Q` qulrçc sckar y lstufacr5 lspl d`s pcfrls, plsl c kcs fanahuktcfls.
rcdc ubc rlspulstc fl kc \bavlrsafcf5 y h`g` b` gl nua, Xló`rc Tcdab: Xab fufc. Vcgdaáb nul fançhak pcrc ga hucb
lrc lvaflbtl qul b` tlbçcg`s bcfc qul lsplrcr pcrc tlblr f` ák lstcdc lb lk ljárhat`. Nul fançhak lbnrlbtcr kc rlchhaøb
ub dldá. Cm`rc v`y c kc \bavlrsafcf lb Jlruscklg ub có` flk baó`. _lr` sl fldl flhafar qul ls k` h`bvlbalbtl. Flspuás
lbtlr`, y flj` c Gajclk s`k` pcrc qul slc ck gasg` talgp` fl t`f` b` sl fljc s`k` ck baó`5 sl qulfc h`b su pcfrl.
lk pcfrl y kc gcfrl furcbtl slas fçcs p`r slgcbc. Ecnngc
Ecnngcb: b: ^l` qul kcs flhasa`bls s`drl sus pr`dklgcs h`
Ecnngcb: H`b t`tck h`bnacbzc. gubls kcs t`gcb saiualbf` h`bsaflrcha`bls hkcrcs y rcz`bc
Xló`rc Tcdab: Xa, sab fufc. Hulstc ub p`h`, plr`... dkls, fl chulrf` h`b kc rlikc fl qul ck nabck kklicb c ub
Xló`r Tcdab: Xlrã fançhak. Cm`rc vl` høg` rlchha`bc lk baó` chulrf`, y lb k`s pr`dklgcs h`btr`vlrtaf`s kc rczøb ilblrck
hucbf` pcrt` ck ljárhat`5 lbt`bhls lst`y sliur` qul slrã gu glbtl suplrc c kc lg`haøb.
hm` gãs fur` hucbf` su gcfrl pcrtc furcbtl ub có` lbtlr`. Xló`rc Tcdab: Lb t`fcs kcs `hcsa`bls lb qul lgpalz` ubc
_lr` palbs` qul k` suplrcrlg`s. h`btr`vlrsac fl lsl \p`, salgprl palbs` qul, lb rlckafcf, s`y
34> 349
y` kc hukpcdkl, fldaf` c qul gl qulj` flgcsacf`. Hucbf` Xló`rc Tcdab: Gl iustc slr tu slhrltcrac, plr` b` søk` ubc
h`bsaflr` kcs h`scs lb n`rgc agpcrhack, lbt`bhls gl h`bvlbz` slhrltcrac. Gl iustc cprlbflr lk trcdcj`.
fl qul b` lxastl babiubc rlkchaøb lbtrl gas chuscha`bls y k`s Xló`r Tcdab: Lkkc ls tcgdaáb ub cgc fl hcsc h`b guhmcs
mlhm`s. huckafcfls p`h` h`gubls lb ub cgc fl hcsc. _`r ljlgpk`,
gcb:: Xa k` lbtlbfç dalb, ustlf faj` qul su blhlsafcf
Ecnngcb
Ecnn scdl hkcvcr hkcv`s lb kc pcrlf, mchlr ciujlr`s, y h`scs p`r
fl plklcr y fl quljcrsl b` lstã tcb rlkcha`bcfc h`b k` qul ák lk lstak`.
mchl ` fljc fl mchlr. Xló`rc Tcdab: B` lstã dalb qul k` faic y`, plr` pulf`
Xló`rc Tcdab: Ls halrt`. Guy c glbuf` gas lstckkaf`s h`b crrlikãrglkcs s`kc hucbf` mchl ncktc.
trc Gajclk surilb p`r h`scs t`tckglbtl flsh`blhtcfcs, abnkulb gcb:: Dalb. Vlbi` kc agprlsaøb fl qul c k` kcri` fl
Ecnngcb
Ecnn
hac lxtlra`r, ga rlchhaøb cbtl t`f` tap` fl h`scs. k`s có`s ustlfls glj`rcr`b kc n`rgc fl h`gubahchaøb lbtrl
Xló`r Tcdab: Lb ckiub`s hcs`s, tl lb`jcs h`b ckiualb p`r ustlfls.
pr`dklgcs fl trcdcj`, y flspuás lxpk`tcs lb hcsc. Lb ls`s Xló`rc Tcdab: Gl pcrlhl qul ls csç. _`r ljlgpk`, lsl csubt`
hcs`s b` lstãs rlckglbtl lb`jcfc h`bgai`, plr` flshcrics tu fl k`s saklbha`s fl Gajclk b` pr`v`hø fashusa`bls flsfl mchl
lb`j` s`drl gç. ckiub`s có`s.
Xló`rc Tcdab: °_`rqul b` tlbi` c bcfal gãs0 Xló`r Tcdab: B` tlblg`s pr`dklgcs fl h`gubahchaøb lb
Xló`r Tcdab: Fl lsl g`f` tl flshcrics fl tu lb`j` y ástl cds`kutcglbtl babiúb tlgc.
sl pcsc. _`frçcg`s flhar qul lb rlkchaøb h`b lkk` s`y ubc Xló`rc Tcdab: _albs` qul p`flg`s
p`flg`s mcdkcr fl huckqualr tlgc
cyufc. _lr` lb ckiub`s hcs`s, dulb`, lb ckiub`s hcs`s rlhad` sab fanahuktcfls.
ub ctcqul nr`btck farlht`. Hcfc tcbt` lxastlb plqulócs lrup Xló`r Tcdab: C gç gl pcrlhl k` gasg`.
ha`bls fl lsl tap`, plr` mlg`s cprlbfaf` c b` iucrfcrb`s Xló`rc Tcdab: Mud` ub plra`f` hucbf` b` lrc csç, plr`
rlbh`r y lst` valbl y sl vc, y t`f` pcsc. flsfl mchl ckiub`s có`s b` mcy pr`dklgcs.
Xló`rc Tcdab: Lb k`s praglr`s có`s sl pkcbtlcdcb guhm`s Ecnn gcb:: °Vcgdaáb lb k`s tlgcs slxuckls talblb ubc dulbc
Ecnngcb
pr`dklgcs chlrhc fl lsl tlgc. Q` s`kçc flhar: "Iucrfcs guhm` h`gprlbsaøb0
pcrc ta y lbt`bhls b` sá quá `hurrl cflbtr` tuy`". Cm`rc ls` Xló`rc Tcdab: Xa, sab fufc, ástl ls ub` fl k`s tlgcs gãs
b` pkcbtlc pr`dklgcs. Cm`rc b` blhlsat` qul ák gl faic k` agp`rtcbtls. Lb rlkchaøb h`b lst` k`s pr`dklgcs lxastalr`b
qul salbtl. mchl guhm` talgp`, hucbf` árcg`s guy jøvlbls, plr` lstcdcb
Xló`r Tcdab: Xa, y` tcgdaáb salbt` qul hcfc ub` fl b`s`tr`s fltlrgabcf`s b` p`r kcs rlkcha`bls lbtrl b`s`tr`s sab` p`r kcs
h`b`hl glj`r ck `tr`, y qul lstãs gãs faspulstc c h`btlgp`razcr. rlkcha`bls lbtrl b`s`tr`s y lk "púdkah`".
Lstmlr... Xló`r Tcdab: Lstãdcg`s dcj` kc vaiakcbhac y lk h`btr`k h`bs
Xló`rc Tcdab: Ls` gl iustcrçc `ark` fl bulv`. tcbtl fl bulstr` irup` y fl plrs`bcs ‖gclstr`s y pcralbtls‖
Xló`r Tcdab: Lstmlr tcgdaáb gl cyufc lb kcs h`scs h`b qul b`s prlsa`bcdc pcrc qul lsplrãslg`s.
hrltcs. Hcfc vlz salbt` qul mcy gcy`r h``plrchaøb lbtrl Xló`rc Tcdab: Lbt`bhls lsl gcrh` b`s hrlø guhmcs tlbsa`
b`s`tr`s. _`r ljlgpk`, y` tlbçc ub trcdcj` lb lk eaddutz y ub bls, qul b`s cnlhtcr`b c k`s f`s, plr` cm`rc ls` b` talbl ag
fçc gl nua y lbt`bhls Lstmlr maz` guhmcs tcrlcs pcrc ga. p`rtcbhac. B` cnlhtø lk flscrr`kk` fl rlkcha`bls crg`ba`scs y
Lkkc gl cyufc guy c glbuf`. cjustls gutu`s lb kcs hulsta`bls slxuckls.
34= 341
Ecnngcb:
Ecnngc b: \stlfls fahlb qul sus ncgakacs rlsplhtavcs, ubc lb sulkt` h`b lkk`s, plr` lb lsc áp`hc kcs rlkcha`bls lrcb fanl
Gccick y kc `trc lb Tlilv, abtlbtcr`b abnkuar s`drl ustlfls. rlbtls lb lsl slbtaf`, fldaf` c qul y` tcgp`h` t`gcdc bab
Suazã slc h`bvlbalbtl qul mcdklb cm`rc ub p`h` fl sus nc iubc abahactavc pcrc chlrhcrgl c lkk`s. Aib`rcdcb ircb pcrtl
gakacs. Mcb fahm` guhmcs h`scs s`drl kc abnkulbhac flk irup`, fl gas pr`dklgcs. Xckv` h`bvlrscha`bls, tlbçcg`s t`f` lk
fl kc s`halfcf, fl kc `pabaøb púdkahc y, mcstc lk g`glbt`, lstl rlst`: juli`s, juiultls, c vlhls çdcg`s c kc haufcf c vlr
tlgc fl sus ncgakacs b` mc suriaf`. °Valbl ckiúb saibanahcf` plkçhukcs ` kuicrls.
kc ncgakac lb lk eaddutz0 Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:
b: Cpcrlbtlglbtl, lsl lrc lk úbah` g`f` qul h`b`
Xló`rc Tcdab: Xç, dcstcbtl h`bsaflrcdkl. _lr` gl iustcrçc hçcb pcrc lxprlscr su cg`r.
qul Gajclk lgplzcsl h`b su ncgakac. _crc gç slrã gãs nãhak csç. Xló`r Tcdab: V`fcvçc cm`rc b`s saiulb gcbfcbf` rliukcr
Xló`r Tcdab: Lb rlckafcf, gas pcfrls b` h`btraduylr`b gu glbtl t`rtcs y pkct`s lsplhackls, plr` b` lxastl tcgp`h` bab
hm` c kcs rlkcha`bls lbtrl y` y Lstmlr. Suazã nul sagpklglbtl iubc p`sadakafcf fl mcdkcr fl pr`dklgcs plrs`bckls. _`r `trc
qul ck slbtar sus `djlha`bls gl slbtç gãs hlrhc fl lkkc. Gas pc pcrtl, kc h`gubahchaøb h`b gas mlrgcb`s ls dulbc.
frls trctcr`b salgprl fl `huktcr sus `djlha`bls, plr` lrc dcstcbtl Ecnn gcb:: Suazãs ástc nul ubc fl kcs rcz`bls p`r kc qul
Ecnngcb
hkcr`. Lbtrl y` y gas pcfrls b` mcdçc hmcrkcs cdalrtcs s`drl sl sabtaø ctrcçf` p`r Lstmlr. H`b lkkc y h`b sus pcfrls ustlf
cgastcf
fl h`scs`lg`ha`bckls.
cg`r. Bubhc Lblshuhmá c gas pcfrls
lsl slbtaf`, mcdkcr lbtrl
kcs rlkcha`bls lbtrllkk`s
y` va`
sus lxchtcglbtl
pcfrls. k` qul sabtaø qul kl ncktcdc lb rlkchaøb h`b
y gas pcfrls lrcb guy fastcbtls. _`r `trc pcrtl, sl prl`hupc Xló`rc Tcdab: B`, kc praglrc abahactavc lbtrl b`s`tr`s nul
r`b guhm` p`r fcrgl c gç y c gas mlrgcb`s t`f` k` gctlrack, gçc.
pcrc qul tuvaáslg`s h`gafc lsplhack y lk gcy`r h`bn`rt lb Ecnng
Ecn ngcb:
cb: °Tlckglbtl0
°Tlckglbtl0
bulstrc mcdatchaøb. _lr` b` mcdçc h`bvlrscha`bls kadrls ba Xló`rc Tcdab: Xç, sab fufc. _lr` lrc ub plquló` fltckkl, gl
rlkcha`bls çbtagcs lbtrl b`s`tr`s. pcrlhl. _albs` qul kc hcusc fl k`s pr`dklgcs lbtrl pcfrls
Ecnngc
Ecn b: °_`r quá kl pcrlhl qul lrc csç0
ngcb: l maj`s s`b kcs fanlrlbhacs fl bavlk abtlklhtuck. _albs` qul ls
Xló`r Tcdab: _albs` qul lb sus hcscs fldl mcdlr `hurraf` kc hcusc nubfcglbtck fl k`s pr`dlkgcs ncgakacrls. Lk bavlk
k` gasgc Q c vlhls s`kçcb mcdkcrb`s fl kc áp`hc abglfactc abtlklhtuck b` ls sunahalbtl. Vu pcfrl talbl ub bavlk ub p`h`
glbtl p`stlra`r c kc nubfchaøb flk eaddutz ‖y` lrc ub baó` gãs ckt`, plr` tu gcfrl ls søk` ubc "gcfrl jufçc" y bcfc
lbt`bhls‖, hucbf` sl h`bsaflrcdc h`g` `dva` qul t`f`s k`s gãs. Ls fançhak fl lbtlbflr, plr` sa h`gpcr` tu gcfrl h`b kc
pr`dklgcs fl k`s baó`s ` fl k`s cf`klshlbtls fldlrçcb slr gçc, ga gcfrl tlrgabø kc \bavlrsafcf lb _`k`bac, saiuaø ls
lbhcrcf`s søk` lb lk gcrh` lfuhcha`bck. _lr` t`f` lkk` lrc tufacbf` lb kc \bavlrsafcf cqua lb Asrclk, y t`fc su vafc
csç cbtls5 lb lk abtlrvck` kc chtatuf hcgdaø, y cm`rc bcfal trctc lstuv` lbslócbf` y lstufacbf`. H`g` ls `dva`, ls guhm` gãs
fl hulsta`bcr lk flrlhm` fl k`s pcfrls c mcdkcr h`b k`s baó`s lfuhcfc, h`gpr`gltafc h`b kcs h`scs: talbl `p`rtubafcf fl
chlrhc fl sus pr`dklgcs ` c g`strcr abtlrás lb lkk`s. _lr` h`b`hlr ilbtl. Gas pcfrls s`b gãs gubfcb`s. X`b guhm` gãs
`dslrv` qul bcfc hcgdaø lb kc rlkchaøb lbtrl gas pcfrls y gas rlhlptav`s5 kllb guhm` gãs, h`b`hlb h`scs. Vus pcfrls vavlb
mlrgcb`s glb`rls. B` talbl bcfc qul vlr h`b lk sastlgc. su vafc flbtr` fl huctr` pcrlfls. Lb lsl slbtaf` tu pcfrl
Cpcrlbtlglbtl salbtlb fanahuktcfls pcrc chlrhcrsl. Cm`rc lb ls guhm` gãs cdalrt`, plr` tu gcfrl ls fl guy dulb h`rc
hcr` lst`s pr`dklgcs, lb n`rgc fanlrlbtl. X`y guhm` gãs zøb. Ls tcb cgcdkl qul, c vlhls, ls fançhak fl s`p`rtcr. K`
38? 383
384 388
hulrf` guhm` kcs rlkcha`bls lbtrl ga pcfrl y y` hucbf` lrc su trcbquakafcf, su hckgc. Lkkc salgprl lstã fl dulb mug`r
guy plqulóc. Vlbi` gãs rlhulrf`s fl gas có`s rlhalbtls. y s`bralbf`.
Lb gas h`scs, p`r k` ilblrck, gl vulkh` gãs mchac ga pcfrl Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:
b: Ls` ls abtlrlscbtl.
a btlrlscbtl. Hcfc ub` fl ustlfls
ustlfls mc trc
trcçf`
çf`
qul mchac ga gcfrl. _`r ljlgpk`, gl rlsuktc nãhak fljcr c ga c su ncgakac h`gúb c ub` fl sus pcfrls, `, gãs dalb, c k`s
maj` h`b ák, b` p`rqul tlbic glb`s h`bnacbzc lb ga gcfrl, rcsi`s fl ub` fl sus pcfrls. Lstmlr trcj` c su pcfrl y ustlf
p`r Fa`s, plr` gl pcrlhl qul pcpã sl kklvc glj`r h`b lk c su gcfrl.
baó` qul gcgã. Dulb`, lst` tcgdaáb p`frçc slr prljuaha`s`. Xló`r Tcdab: Xa, mcy cki` lb k` qul ustlf
ustlf fahl.
Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb: b: Xa k` lbtalbf` dalb, kc n`rgc lb qul nubha`bc su Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:b: Lb halrt`
halrt` g`f` kcs h`scs sl rlpatlb, lb ubc lfa-
ncgakac, qualr` flhar ustlf lb rlkchaøb h`b Gajclk, ls guy haøb bulvc y h`rrliafc. B`s lstcg`s chlrhcbf` ck nabck fl kc
fanlrlbtl,
fanlrlb tl, quazãs abhkus` t`f` k` h`btrcra`,
h`btrcra `, flk g`f`
g`f` lb qul lbtrlvastc. Dulb`, pcrc rlsugar sus có`s fl rlkchaøb, sl pulfl
su gcfrl chtuø lb rlkchaøb h`b su pcfrl. flhar qul...
Xló`rc Tcdab: Ls` ls halrt`. Xló`rc Tcdab: _`r ga pcrtl, hrl` qul b` mudalsl p`faf` slr
Xló`r T`dçb: Gl pcrlhl qul su pcfrl talbl ub lspçratu lspçratu gãs glj`r fl k` qul nul furcbtl lst`s có`s, p`rqul k` tlbi` t`f`:
juvlb
vlbak
ak,, lbt`
lbt`bbhls
hls ls gãs
gãs nãhak
nãhak rlkc
rlkcha
ha`b
`bcr
crsl
sl hh`b
`b ák.
ák. Lk hcrã
hcrãhtl
htlrr lb rlckafcf, b` blhlsat` gãs qul lst`. Ls halrt` qul c vlhls
salbt` hlk`s hucbf` vasat` c ga mlrgcbc
mlrgcbc lb lk eaddutz Icbag.
Icbag.
fl Lstmlr, hrl`,
flk-mug`r ls gãs
tcgdaáb pcrlhaf` ck
ls pcrlhaf`. Kcflagpuksavafcf
su pcfrl, y fl
lk slbtaf`
Lstmlr ^l` c ub` fl sus vlhab`s ckkç, y ák ls ub gcraf` aflck, ub
tcgdaáb kl valbl fl su pcfrl. Kc gcfrl ls fastabtc. gcraf` plrnlht`. °Suá qualr` flhar0 Kc gujlr talbl ub kãtai`
lb su gcb`. _`r ljlgpk`,
ljlgpk`, lkkc fah
fahl:
l: "M`y
"M`y ls julvls y vcg`s
Xló`rc Tcdab: Q fl t`fc kc ncgakac, kc plrs`bc qul trctc
glj`r c gcgã ls Gajclk. Ls pchalbtl h`b lkkc, salgprl fas c kagpacr kc hcsc c n`bf`". Lkkc b` sl prl`hupc sa ák lstã hcb
pulst` c lshuhmcr. scf` ` b`. Lk k` chlptc sab fashutar y, cpcrlbtlglbtl, sab
rlslbtagalbt`s. Lbt`bhls lgpalzc c schcr kcs h`rtabcs fl kcs
Xló`r T`dtb: Kcs f`s majcs quazã s`b guy p`h` t`klrcbtls vlbtcbcs, c nrlicr kc hcsc. _crlhlb nlkahls, kklvcb ubc dulbc
h`b su gcfrl. Lstmlr yc faj` qul b` ls ub pr`dklgc fl tlblr vafc. _lr` y` lst`y sctasnlhmc h`b k` qul tlbi`, b` hrl` qul
` b` rczøb. B` h`bsaflrcb hcfc satuchaøb p`r sa gasgc5 lb slrçc nlkaz sa tuvalsl ub gcraf` tcb `dlfalbtl. _lr` fl t`f`s
hcgda`, lxastl ubc chtatuf prlnajcfc fl qul gcgã ls csç y
g`f`s salbt` hlk`s hucbf` vl` c lstc gujlr y vl` t`f` k`
pcpã csã. B` gl circfc, p`rqul lb ga hcsc lst`y ch`stug
qul su gcraf` mc mlhm` p`r lkkc, galbtrcsgalbtrcs qqul
ul y` bubhc
bubhc
drcf` c ubc chtatuf fastabtc. Vrctcg`s c bulstr`s pcfrls lb
sá huãbf` Gajclk mcrã pcrc gç k` qul kl plfç qul mcic.
n`rgc cki` fanlrlbtl.
Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:
b: Lbt`bhls, °kl iustcrçc hcgdacr c Gajclk p`r lsl
Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:
b: Cgd`s glbha`bcr`b
glbha`bcr`b kc ircb abtagafcf l aflbtana
gcraf` plrnlht`0 _lr` quazãs ustlf k` fahl søk` pcrc qul y`
hchaøb lbtrl Lstmlr y su pcfrl, qul fa` kuicr c lstl nrlbtl
ubaf`. _`r su pcrtl, Gajclk talbl ubc abnkulbhac g`flrcf`rc k` `aic.
lb kc rlkchaøb lbtrl Lstmlr y su gcfrl. Lk cyufc c su gcfrl. Xló`rc Tcdab: Gajclk k` scdl guy dalb. Najlsl, yc mcb pc
Q Gajclk fahl qul lb su ncgakac kc satuchaøb ls fanlrlbtl. °Suá scf` ckiub`s có`s. Vuvl gãs fl ubc `p`rtubafcf fl hcgdacr
`hurrl lb lsl hcs`0 k`, y b` quasl mchlrk`.
Ecnngc
Ecn ngcb:b: \stlf lstã hckkcf`, Gajclk. °Huãk ls su rlsuglb0
Xló`rc Tcdab: Hrl` qul Gajclk
Gajclk mlrlfø lb pcrtl kkcscs vartu
Xló`r Tcdab: Lb lk eaddutz quazã sl palbsc
palbsc qul Lstmlr ls
fls fl su gcfrl. B` su rlslrvc h`btrc lk gubf`, plr` mlrlfø
386 38<
ubc gujlr cki` fançhak, plr` h`b t`f` lst` b` sá sa mcy cquç Ecnngcb:: _crlhl guy sagpkl: kc h`gpklglbtcrafcf fl hc
Ecnngcb
guhmcs ncgakacs glj`rls lb k` qul sl rlnalrl c rlkcha`bls plr rchtlrls lbtrl ub m`gdrl y ubc gujlr. °B` ls sunahalbtl0 Lb
s`bckls cdalrtcs. B` hrl` mcdlr h`b`haf` guhmcs hmahcs h`b t`bhls quazã p`frçcg`s utakazcr h`gputcf`rcs pcrc n`rgcr
kcs qul mudalsl p`faf` k`ircr ubc rlkchaøb csç. Suazã gl lqua kcs pcrljcs y kc vafc gctrag`back slrçc lstcdkl y crgøbahc.
v`qul, plr`
çbtagcs gl pcrlhl
` lrøtahcs, qul lsubcsç.kcz`
sab` s`drl B`plrgcblbtl
mcdk` s`drlflrlkcha`bls
cgastcf, Xló`rclklhhaøb
h`rrlhtc Tcdab: flk
B`,h`gpcólr`
b` hrl` qul
b` lsslc cki` tcbFlspuás
sunahalbtl. sagpkl. mcy
Kc
kc p`sadakafcf fl mcdkcr lbtrl b`s`tr`s, kc chtatuf gutuc m` guhm` qul cprlbflr lb kc vafc gctrag`back. Kl fará, furcbtl
blstc, kc hckafcf fl kc h`bvlrschaøb y kc cnabafcf lg`ha`bck. bulstr`s có`s qul mlg`s pcscf` jubt`s mlg`s cprlbfaf` c
Hucbf` palbs` lb t`fcs kcs hmahcs flk eaddutz qul h`b`zh`, h`b`hlrb`s. _crlhl sagpkl, plr` b` ls nãhak h`b`hlr y rlspltcr
lbt`bhls salbt` qul Lstmlr ls ubc fl kcs gãs klckls, h`bsafl ck `tr`. Lb rlckafcf, ástl ls lk slhrlt` fl bulstrc vafc gctra
rcfc h`g` ubc lsp`sc qul lstã h`b ub` b` søk` lb lk g` g`back, b` mcy babiúb `tr` slhrlt`. B`s kklvø có`s flshu
glbt` fl kcs plklcs sab` c k` kcri` fl k`s có`s. drark`. R
Xló`rc T`dçb: Q t`fcvçc b`s qulfc ub kcri` trlhm` p`r Xló`r Tcdab: Q kklvcrã gãs có`s.
rlh`rrlr. Xló`rc Tcdab: Ls p`sadkl. Mcy t`fcvçc guhm`s pr`dklgcs
Ecnngcb: Q quazãs ubc úktagc prliubtc: sa ustlf quasalsl qul b` tuvag`s qul lbnrlbtcr cúb. Lk talgp` pr`dcdklglbtl
"vlbflr" lk slhrlt` fl ubc vafc gctrag`back gãs ` glb`s cr b`s pkcbtlcrã bulvcs pruldcs. ^avarlg`s y k`s vlrlg`s. Ls
g`ba`sc, abhkus` h`b ckiubcs nrahha`bls cquç y ckiubcs fanl plr` qul p`fcg`s lbnrlbtcrk`s dalb.
rlbhacs ckkç, sa quasalslb trcbsgatar k` fl su lxplralbhac c `tr`s, Xló`r Tcdab: Q y` tcgdaáb.
°quá farçcb0 Ecn ngcb:: Q y` tcgdaáb. Sualr` circflhlrkls bulvcglbtl
Ecnngcb
Xló`rc Tcdab: X`y guy nk`jc lb rlhltcs5 kc gcfrl fl Gajclk p`r mcdlr plklcf` furcbtl hcsa trls m`rcs h`b k`s pr`dklgcs
ls dulbc lb ls`. Ls fançhak pcrc gç flhar. B` s`y prlhascglbtl pkcbtlcf`s lb lstc lbtrlvastc. \stlfls mahalr`b rlckglbtl t`f`
ckiualb qul fcrçc h`bslj`s chlrhc fl høg` vavar su vafc. Ls k` qul pufalr`b, h`b m`blstafcf, y hrl` qul lstc h`bvlrschaøb
ub pr`dklgc fançhak, plr` kl fará, hrl` qul lk slhrlt` fl buls pulfl cyufcr c t`f`s k`s qul sl abtlrlscb lb lk cprlbfazcjl
trc vafc lquakadrcfc ls lk hcrãhtlr fl Gajclk. Xa tuvalsl ub flk g`f` lb qul sl h`bstruylb kcs rlkcha`bls lbtrl pcrljcs
gcraf` h`b ub hcrãhtlr h`g` lk gç`, lbt`bhls tlbfrçc ubc qul h`bvavlb furcbtl có`s.
vafc guy furc. Hrl` qul lk hcrãhtlr fl Gajclk kl fc lstcda Lk klht`r pulfl trczcr p`r su hulbtc lk pcrcklk` lbtrl k`s
kafcf y lquakadra` c bulstrc vafc, p`rqul flspuás fl t`f`
pulf` flplbflr fl ák Xá ququll flk gasg` g`g`f`
f` lb qul y` Yciblr y k`s Tcdab. Cubqul kcs ncgakacs vavlb lb fanlrlbtls
chtú` k`hcglbtl y sab nrlb`, ák bubhc plrflrã su h`btr`k p`r hukturcs, lbnrlbtcr`b pr`dklgcs sagakcrls pcrc n`rgcr ubc
h`scs qul c gç gl lbnurlhlb. _albs` qul ls cki` csç h`g` ncgakac, trczcr kagatls ckrlflf`r fl kc bulvc lstruhturc, gc
kc h`lxastlbhac fl f`s plrs`bcs
plrs`bcs h`b tlgplrcglbt`s
tlgplrcglbt`s h`gpklglb
h`gpklglb blj` fl kc rlkchaøb h`b k`s pcralbtls p`kçtah`s, rlkcha`bls h`b
tcra`s. _lr` b` ls ubc rlhltc qul ub` kl pulfc trcbsgatar cgai`s y lfuhchaøb fl k`s maj`s. Kcs tcrlcs csuglb n`rgcs
c `tr`s. fanlrlbtls lb kcs f`s s`halfcfls, plr` kc favlrsafcf fl huktu
Xló`r Tcdab: Kc rlkchaøb qul sl hrlø lbtrl b`s`tr`s ls guy rcs b` mchl gãs qul lshkcrlhlr kc slgljcbzc
slgljcbzc dãsahc flk pr`hls`.
plrs`bck. Ls fançhak "vlbflrkc" c `trcs pcrljcs.
38> 389
38= 381
_`r k` ilblrck, kcs ncgakacs flshcrtcb kcs abfcicha`bls qul vás flk huck fldlb faraiarsl kcs `plrcha`bls fl kc ncga
b` s`b sabtøbahcs h`b lk sastlgc ncgakacr. _lr` hucbf` rlsp`b kac (Nai. 33).
flb, ls p`sadkl qul sl pr`fuzhc ubc fl kcs trls cktlrbctavcs
saiualbtls. Kc ncgakac pulfl csagakcr sab fanahuktcf kc abtlr
vlbhaøb flk tlrcplutc c sus pcutcs trcbschha`bckls prlvacs,
k` qul plrgatl lk cprlbfazcjl plr` b` lk hrlhagalbt`. Kc nc
gakac tcgdaáb pulfl rlsp`bflr ch`g`fãbf`sl, c trcvás fl kc
lxtlbsaøb fl sus pcutcs trcbschha`bckls ` fl kc chtavchaøb fl Cm`rc lk tlrcplutc abtlbtc lxcgabcr kc nklxadakafcf fl k`s
kcs pcutcs cktlrbctavcs. Nabckglbtl, kc ncgakac pulfl rlsp`bflr kçgatls abtlrb`s fl kc ncgakac. Kl s`kahatc c kc gcfrl qul sl
c kc abtlrvlbhaøb flk tlrcplutc h`g` sa sl trctcsl fl ubc ckljl fl k`s maj`s y sl gcbtlbic lb saklbha`. Lsc tcrlc kl
satuchaøb h`gpkltcglbtl b`vlf`sc. Lb lstl hcs`, kc abfcic plrgatl `dslrvcr kc h`gpltlbhac flk pcfrl lb rlkchaøb h`b
haøb sl mc h`bvlrtaf` lb ubc abtlrvlbhaøb rllstruhturcbtl. Xa k`s baó`s hucbf` kc gcfrl chtúc lb n`rgc glb`s chtavc. Xa
kc ncgakac b` kc rlhmczc, sl pr`fuharã ub cuglbt` flk strlss lk pcfrl pulfl abtlrchtucr lb n`rgc høg`fc h`b k`s maj`s,
lb lk sastlgc. Kc m`gl`stcsas fl kc ncgakac sl vlrã flslqua lk tlrcplutc n`rgukcrã kc mapøtlsas fl ub kçgatl blt` flk sud
364 368
qul salgprl fldl vaiakcrkc pcrc tlblr kc sliurafcf fl qul sus fldlrls. Lb lstl pubt` sl pulfl trczcr ub bulv` gcpc,
kc majc h`gl k` cflhucf`. Galbtrcs mcdkc, kc gcfrl gcbtalbl lb lk qul kc gcfrl n`rgc ubc h`ckahaøb h`b sus majcs h`btrc
ub h`btcht` vasuck h`b k`s `tr`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac. Kc lk pcfrl, qul ls plranárah` (Nai. 38).
baóc facdátahc abtlrrugpl c su gcfrl pcrc flshradar sus
pr`dklgcs ckaglbtcra`s. Galbtrcs mcdkc, sab lgdcri`, sl abtl
rrugpl h`b pcuscs pr`k`bicfcs qul s`b kklbcfcs p`r kc gcfrl.
Lk tlrcplutc abtlrvalbl pcrc abtlrr`icr c kc majc glb`r chlr
hc flk g`f` lb qul lkkc chtavc c su gcfrl. Xlóckc qul lk
pcfrl kc chtavø t`hãbf`kc y fãbf`kl ubc tcrlc, y qul kc majc
gcy`r kc chtavø hrlcbf` pcuscs pr`k`bicfcs qul kc gcfrl Lst`s f`s gcpcs agpkahcb
agpkahcb ub `djltav`: flnabar ub kçgatl
fldçc kklbcr. Kc majc glb`r rlpkahø qul b` hrlçc qul chtavcsl ckrlflf`r flk sudsastlgc fl k`s høbyuils qul abhrlglbtcrã kc
c su gcfrl fl g`f` ckiub`. Lb lsl g`glbt`, lk tlrcplutc fastcbhac lbtrl kc gcfrl y kc pchalbtl aflbtanahcfc ck pcfrl
fasp`bl fl k`s abirlfalbtls dãsah`s pcrc ub gcpc, lb lk qul plranárah` c kc ncgakac. H`b lstl `djltav`, lk tlrcplutc kl rl
kc gcfrl `hupc ub kuicr hlbtrck, agpkahcf` lb lxhls` h`b pr`hmc c cgdcs baócs p`r mcdlr r`t` kc rlikc. Kls fahl qul
kc pchalbtl aflbtanahcfc (Nai. 34). lkkcs rlt`gcr`b kc quljc fl kc gcfrl rlnlrlbtl c qul lk pcfrl
b` lstcdc k` sunahalbtl lb kc hcsc, trcbsn`rgcbf` kc quljc fl
ubc lsp`sc chlrhc fl su gcraf` lb ubc quljc fl kcs majcs
chlrhc fl su pcfrl.
Gãs tcrfl, lk lsp`s` y kc lsp`sc h`galbzcb c fashutar p`r
kcs nabcbzcs csç h`g` tcgdaáb chlrhc fl kcs fanahuktcfls qul
lbnrlbtc lk gcraf` h`b su trcdcj`. Hucbf` kc lsp`sc k` hra
Lk tlrcplutc pr`saiul lbt`bhls su lxpk`rchaøb. Agp`bl ubc tahc, kc majc gcy`r abtlrvalbl, fahalbf` qul fasp`bl fl ckiu
rlikc. Bcfal pulfl mcdkcr lb lk kuicr fl `tr`, y bcfal pulfl b`s cm`rr`s qul kc ncgakac pulfl utakazcr. Kc gcfrl h`galbzc
rlckazcr h`bjlturcs chlrhc fl k`s plbscgalbt`s ` slbtagalbt`s c fashutar h`b kc majc, cdcbf`bcbf` kc fashusaøb h`b su gc
fl `tr` galgdr` fl kc ncgakac. Kuli` lk tlrcplutc prliubtc raf`. Lb lstl g`glbt`, flspuás flk suriagalbt` flk h`bnkaht`
ck pcfrl sa lxastl ckiúb `tr` pr`dklgc lb kc ncgakac. Lk pcfrl lbtrl k`s høbyuils, lk gcpc csugl ub bulv` csplht` (Nai. 36).
fahl qul su lsp`sc sl salbtl cbiustacfc hucbf` ák b` lstã lb
hcsc. Lk tlrcplutc slóckc qul lk pcfrl b` mc rlspltcf` kc
rlikc, lb lk gasg` g`glbt` lb qul lk pcfrl h`galbzc c flhar:
"@m, b` tlbi` qul mcdkcr lb kuicr fl `tr`". Lstl ls ub dulb
saib`
saib` fl pr`ib`sas,
pr`ib`sas, qul slóckc qul lk pcfrl fasp`bl fl rl Lb lstc ncgakac, k`s lsp`s`s lbhulbtrcb ub r`fl` pcrc lk
hurs`s sunahalbtls pcrc utakazcr kc abtlrvlbhaøb flk tlrcplutc. h`bnkaht` c trcvás fl kc trcbsn`rgchaøb fl ub h`bnkaht` lbtrl
Kc majc gcy`r fahl qul lk pcfrl b` sl abtlrlsc k` suna lsp`s`s lb ub h`bnkaht` lbtrl kc gcfrl ` lk pcfrl y kc majc.
halbtl lb lkkc. Xl quljc p`rqul b` h`bhurraø ck h`bhalrt` qul Bulvcglbtl, lk gcpc pkcbtlc ub `djltav` y ub hcgab` pcrc
fa` lb kc lshulkc. Kc majc glb`r fahl qul ák b` kc cyufc lb k`ircr lstl `djltav`. Lk tlrcplutc kl s`kahatc c cgdcs majcs
366 36<
36= 369
36= 361
3<? 3<3
Lb ubc lbtrlvastc abglfactcglbtl p`stlra`r h`b lk tlrcplutc, h`rrlhtcglbtl, lstl tap` fl bli`hachaøb ls p`sadkl fldaf`, c
kc gcfrl fahl qul kl kkcgc kc ctlbhaøb k` flskaicfc qul sl qul lk sastlgc sl lbhulbtrc i`dlrbcf` p`r kçgatls hkcr`s cub
sabtaø. _lr` kl fahl ck tlrcplutc qul hrll qul su lx gcraf` qul nklxadkls. Xab lgdcri`, ls p`sadkl qul cpcrlzhcb tlbflb
lstã guy lbnlrg` y qul kl circfcrçc qul lk tlrcplutc lg hacs fasnubha`bckls sa ub sudsastlgc rlhurrl salgprl ck gas
prlbfalsl ubc tlrcpac abfavafuck h`b ák. g` b` galgdr` pcrc fasapcr h`bnkaht`s flk sudsastlgc. Lst`
Kc prltlbsaøb fl kc gcfrl fl slbtarsl flskaicfc fl su lx sl `dslrvc p`r k` ilblrck hucbf` k`s pcfrls utakazcb c ub maj`
gcraf` ls hulsta`bcfc p`r favlrs`s ncht`rls. F`s fl k`s maj`s, pcrc lvatcr ` ckljcr h`bnkaht`s lbtrl lkk`s. Lk kçgatl lbtrl lk
qul cbtlra`rglbtl sl slbtçcb guy ubaf`s h`b su pcfrl, rl sudsastlgc pcrlbtck y lk baó` sl mchl fanus`, y lk kagatl rl
hmczcb cm`rc t`f` h`btcht` h`b ák. Lk maj` glb`r vasatc c su kcha`bcf` h`b kc trçcfc pcfrls-maj`s, qul fldlrçc slr fanus`,
pcfrl plr` lxprlsc ubc ircb flsfahmc p`r kc satuchaøb. Q sl mchl abcflhucfcglbtl rçiaf` (Nai. 83). Xl flsaibc c lstl
kc gcfrl qualrl qul lk tlrcplutc qul trctc c lkkc y c sus maj`s tap` fl lstruhturc h`g` trçcfc rçiafc.
sl `hupl tcgdaáb fl su gcraf`. _ | | G
\b gcpc fl kc satuchaøb slóckc qul kcs bli`hacha`bls rlkc Nai. 83
ha`bcfcs h`b kc pcrtafc flk lx gcraf` sl mcb vast` dk`qulcfcs.
Lb ubc satuchaøb h`g` ástc, ubc lbtrlvastc h`b lk lx gcraf` M
jub
jubtcg
tcglbt
lbtll h`b su lsp
lsp`sc
`sc l maj`
maj`ss b` mcrçc gã
gãss qul rln
rln`rz
`rzcr
cr mlrgcb`*
lk abtlbs` cbtci`basg` lbtrl k`s lx høbyuils. Lk cbãkasas fl
k`s sastlgcs slóckc qul kc ubafcf qul fldl trctcrsl ls kc Kc utakazchaøb rçiafc fl ub maj` lb h`bnkaht`s lbtrl lsp`s`s
h`bstatuafc p`r kc gcfrl y k`s maj`s, sab lk pcfrl. Lk tlrcplutc csugl favlrscs n`rgcs. Lb kc tracbiukchaøb, hcfc pcfrl rl
pulfl fasp`blr lbt`bhls ub halrt` búglr` fl slsa`bls h`b lk qualrl qul lk maj` sl ubc c ák h`btrc lk `tr` pcfrl. Lb t`fcs
pcfrl y k`s maj`s, sab kc gcfrl, h`g` g`f` fl flscrr`kkcr bli` kcs `hcsa`bls lb qul lk maj` sl ubl c ub` fl lkk`µ, sl k`
hacha`bls qul plrgatarãb qul k`s maj`s y lk pcfrl gcbtlbicb flnabl cut`gãtahcglbtl h`g` sa ctchcsl ck `tr`. Lb lstc ls
ubc rlkchaøb, cubqul ák ls plranárah` lb rlkchaøb h`b lk cbtaiu` truhturc sugcglbtl fasnubha`bck, lk baó` sl lbhulbtrc pcrcka
sastlgc (Nai. 8?). zcf`. V`f` g`vagalbt` qul rlckazc ls flnabaf` p`r ub pcfrl
h`g` ub ctcqul.
Lb lk r`fl`, `trc n`rgc fl kc tracfc rçiafc, kc bli`hachaøb
fl k`s strlss fl k`s lsp`s`s c trcvás flk baó` sarvl pcrc gcb
tlblr lk sudsastlgc h`byuick lb ubc crg`bçc akus`rac. K`s
lsp`s`s rlnulrzcb t`fc h`bfuhtc cbøgckc fldaf` c qul fl
lsl g`f` pulflb flsvacr ` suglriar sus pr`pa`s pr`dklgcs flk
sudsastlgc h`byuick lb pr`dklgcs fl lfuhchaøb flk maj`. Lk
_r`dklgc
_r`dklgcµµ hrøb
hrøbah`µ
ah`µ fl kagatlµ. @trcs ncgakacs, tcgdaáb, pul
kagatlµ. flsva` fl k`s pcfrls pulfl csugar kc n`rgc fl ctchcr ck baó`,
flb chufar c tlrcpac fldaf` c pr`dklgcs hrøbah`s fl kagatls flnabaábf`k` h`g` nulbtl fl k`s pr`dklgcs ncgakacrls p`r slr
kaicf`s c kc bli`hachaøb fl strlss favlrs`s lb ub sastlgc c gck`. Lb `trcs ncgakacs k`s pcfrls pulflb flnabar ck baó` h`
trcvás fl `tr`s sudsastlgcs. Lb ubc ncgakac qul `plrc g` lbnlrg` y fádak, y kuli` ubarsl pcrc pr`tlilrk`.
3<6 3<<
V 7 m
hukturc y lstak` fl kc ncgakac. Xa lk baó` n`rgc pcrtl fl ub @trc lstrctliac p`sadkl rlsafl lb rllstruhturcr c k`s pcfrls
g`flk` trcbschha`bck tlbfalbtl c kc lvatchaøb fl k`s h`bnkah lb ubc h`ckahaøb h`btrc kc baóc qul mc saf` galgdr` fl kc
t`s, pulfl slr h`bvlbalbtl qul lk tlrcplutc kl dk`qull kc rçiafc trçcfc. _`r ljlgpk`, lb kc ncgakac Dr`wb kc pchalbtl
h`bfuhtc mcdatuck lb kcs bli`hacha`bls lbtrl k`s lsp`s`s. Lb aflbtanahcfc, ubc baóc fl falz có`s, nul lbhcgabcfc ck trctc
ub hcs`, p`r ljlgpk`, lb lk qul kc pchalbtl aflbtanahcfc ls galbt` fldaf` c ubc cb`rlxac qul p`bçc lb plkair` su vafc.
ubc baóc fl quabhl có`s cquljcfc p`r vøgat`s fl `railb Lb ubc slsaøb-ckgulrz`, lk tlrcplutc abstruyl ck pcfrl pcrc
psah`s`gãtah`, lk tlrcplutc csugl kc rlsp`bscdakafcf p`r su qul kc mcic h`glr. Lk pcfrl b` k` k`irc y lk tlrcplutc s`ka
sabt`bçc. Lkkc b` fldl fashutark` lb cds`kut` h`b sus pcfrls, hatc c kc gcfrl qul k` mcic, y tcgdaáb nrchcsc. Cgd`s pcfrls
søk` pulfl mcdkcr h`b ák chlrhc suy`. Fl lsl g`f` sl udahc sl salbtlb lbt`bhls flscgpcrcf`s y gcbapukcf`s p`r kc baóc.
h`g` dcrrlrc lbtrl kc baóc y sus pcfrls, lb ubc gcba`drc Lk tlrcplutc kl abtlrprltc lbt`bhls c kc ncgakac qul kc baóc,
qul pr`gulvl su cut`b`gçc y tcgdaáb ncv`rlhl ubc gcy`r qul mc saf` trctcfc p`r k`s pcfrls h`g` ubc baóc fádak, lb
abtagafcf lbtrl k`s høbyuils (Nai. 88). nlrgc, `dlfalbtl, h`btr`kc c sus pcfrls udahãbf`k`s lb ubc
p`sahaøb fl flscgpcr` l abh`gpltlbhac nrlbtl ck tlrcplutc.
K`s pcfrls sl ublb lbt`bhls h`btrc kc baóc lb ubc lstruhturc
qul lk tlrcplutc pulfl rln`rzcr h`g` pcs` mchac lk `djltav`
tlr
tlrcpá
cpáuta
utah`
h` (Na i. 8 <) .
3<>
3<9
3<= 3<1
n`rgc saibanahctavc lstc agcilb. Xl `dslrvc h`b hkcrafcf qul @gasaøb fl ckiub`s sudsastlgcs ncgakacrls. \b baó` baó` fl
flspuás fl kc gulrtl flk lsp`s`, kc majc gcy`r sl ubaø c su hct`rhl có`s h`galbzc c cpcrtcrsl fl su búhkl` y c chtucr
gcfrl, h`bstatuylbf` ub sastlgc fl cp`y` ck rlkcha`bcrsl lb n`rgc ck`hcfc. Valbl ckuhabcha`bls y mcdkc h`b cbagckls
h`b kc gcfrl lb ub sudsastlgc ljlhutav`. Lstc lstruhturc nub agciabcra`s. Xus pcfrls, ub m`gdrl fl bli`ha`s fl hucrlbtc
ha`bø dalb mcstc qul kc majc gcy`r sl ckljc fl kc ncgakac, c y slas có`s y ub cgc fl hcsc fl hucrlbtc y f`s, k` kklvcb c lb
trcvás fl su h`gpr`gas`. _crc lbnrlbtcr lsc slpcrchaøb ab trlvastcrsl h`b ub psaquactrc qul facib`stahc ubc hrasas ls
gablbtl, kc gcfrl sl ubl lstrlhmcglbtl c kc majc fl falz. quaz`nrábahc. Lsc pr`ib`sas ls gckc, yc qul lk psaquactrc h`b
Lstc rlsp`bfl c kc agprlsaøb fl kc gcfrl fl vlrsl cdcbf` saflrc qul kc satuchaøb flk baó` sl fltlra`rcrã lb gcy`r gl
bcfc ckljãbf`sl flk sastlgc lxtrcncgakacr, qulfãbf`sl lb fafc h`bvartaábf`sl lb ubc lsquaz`nrlbac hrøbahc qul sl
hcsc pcrc rlh`bn`rtcr c su gcfrl. pr`k`bicrã furcbtl t`fc su vafc. Lb lk m`spatck ck qul
Kc slpcrchaøb fl kc majc glb`r p`r pcrtl fl ubc abstcbhac sl h`bfuhl ck baó`, lk psahøk`i` suialrl qul sl trctl c kc nc
qul h`bsaflrc søk` kc h`bfuhtc fl kc baóc, lkagabc tcgdaáb gakac sab m`spatckazcr ck cf`klshlbtl. Kc satuchaøb pcrlhl tcb
`trc nulbtl saibanahctavc fl cp`y` fl kc gcfrl, qul lxplra flslsplrcbtl qul k`s pcfrls y lk psaquactrc chlptcb kc su
glbtc lbt`bhls su tlrhlrc ircb párfafc lb slas có`s. H` ilrlbhac.
galbzc lbt`bhls c rlqulrar ubc gcy`r abtagafcf p`r pcrtl Kc lvckuchaøb flk tlrcplutc lb rlkchaøb h`b kc ncgakac ls
fl su maj`. C pcrtar fl lstc gcy`r abtagafcf lbtrl lk maj` kc fl qul kcs abtlrchha`bls flk sudsastlgc h`byuick s`b ls
y kc gcfrl surilb abtlbs`s cbtci`basg`s, yc qul lk maj` hcscs y p`h` irctanahcbtls. H`bslhulbtlglbtl, kc gcfrl y lk
h`galbzc c chlrhcrsl ck glfa` lxtrcncgakacr lb lk pr`hls` cfl baó` talblb ubc rlkchaøb lxhlsavcglbtl abtagc, qul kklvc c
hucf` pcrc su lfcf fl slpcrcrsl y k`ircr cut`b`gçc abfava qul kc flplbflbhac y lk abncbtakasg` flk baó` plrsastcb y c qul
fuck. Lb lnlht`, lstl bulv` pr`dklgc ls actr`iábah`, lk rl sl lxhkuyc ck pcfrl (Nai. 8>).
suktcf` fl kcs abtlrvlbha`bls fl kcs abstatuha`bls. Kc absta
tuhaøb chtuø fl tck g`f` qul abhrlglbtø lk strlss ncgakacr,
lb kuicr fl cpubtckcr c kc gcfrl pcrc h`gplbscr kc párfafc
abgablbtl fl su majc gcy`r. Xa kc ubafcf lstuvalsl h`bstatuafc
p`r gcfrl l maj`s, slrac p`sadkl cyufcr c kc majc glb`r c su
plrcr su p`sahaøb cbøgckc, lvatcr qul lk maj` csugc kc p`sa
haøb cbøgckc hucbf` lkkc sl ckljl y cm`rrcr guhm` f`k`r Kc lstrctliac tlrcpáutahc h`bsastl lb trcdcjcr h`b k`s cfuk
c kc ncgakac. t`s pcrc abhrlglbtcr kcs trcbschha`bls lbtrl gcraf` y gujlr.
Lstc hliulrc cbtl kc saibanahchaøb fl kc h`gpklglbtcrafcf Hucbf` lk baó` pcrtahapc lb slsa`bls ncgakacrls h`b `dslrvc
fl k`s galgdr`s lb ub sastlgc ncgakacr ls tçpahc fl ub lb ha`bls cpcrlbtlglbtl b` rlkcha`bcfcs h`b kc satuchaøb, lk
n`qul abfavafuck flk trctcgalbt`. _lr` ub tlrcplutc h`b ubc tlrcplutc b` kl rlsp`bfl. Vcgdaáb kl suialrl c k`s pcfrls
h`bhlphaøb dcscfc lb k`s sastlgcs tcgdaáb pulfl slr f`ga qul b` rlsp`bfcb ck baó` hucbf` rlckahl flhkcrcha`bls fl
bcf` p`r kc gasgc hliulrc sa, lb su trcdcj` h`b ub sudsastlgc, bcturcklzc psahøtahc. H`bvlbhl c k`s pcfrls pcrc qul sckicb
aib`rc lk agpcht` qul sus abtlrvlbha`bls pulflb tlblr lb ubc b`hml p`r slgcbc sab su maj`, cki` qul b` mcb mlhm`
k`s `tr`s. flsfl mchl guhm`s có`s (Nai. 89).
3>? 3>3
Cs`hacha
Cs`h achaøb
øb y cp`
cp`y`
y` c uub
b s`k` sudsastlgc.. @tr` ljlgpk` flk
sudsastlgc
ralsi` fl aib`rcr pcrtls fl ub sastlgc k` pr`p`rha`bc ubc nc
Lb su praglrc sckafc s`k`s, ck rlirlscr c su hcsc k`s pc gakac abtlircfc p`r lk gcraf`, kc lsp`sc y huctr` maj`s ‖f`s
frls h`gpruldcb qul lk baó` mc flsicrrcf` sus r`pcs h`b vcr`bls, fl vlabtaub` y falha`hm` có`s, y f`s gujlrls fl falha
ubc bcvcjc. Lk tlrcplutc abtlrprltc lstl mlhm` h`g` rlspulstc sáas y f`hl‖. Lk maj` gcy`r cdcbf`bø lk m`icr ub có` cbtls
flk sastlgc cbtl lk hcgda`. Fahl c k`s pcfrls qul sl trctc fl pcrc ubarsl c ub irup` mappal. H`glbzø ubc rlkchaøb lstcdkl
ub saib` p`satav`: lstãb glj`rcbf` y su glj`rçc sl gc h`b ubc j`vlb y sl flfahø c nugcr gcramucbc y lxplraglbtcr
banlstcrã c trcvás fl ubc chlbtuchaøb fl k`s sçbt`gcs flk h`b KXF
KXF y vlmçhuk`s vlk`hls. Nul flvulkt` c su m`icr h`b p`s
baó`. Lb kc saiualbtl `p`rtubafcf lb qul scklb, lk baó` i`kplc tlra`rafcf c ubc m`spatckazchaøb fl ák y su b`vac `raiabcfc lb
ubc vlbtcbc, r`gpaábf`kc y h`rtãbf`sl kc guólhc, y kuli` hc ubc psah`sas tøxahc. Lb kc ncgakac, ls ub nargl kçflr flk sud-
gabc flsbuf` p`r kcs hckkls. Lsc b`hml k`s pcfrls k` h`bfuhlb irup` nrctlrb` y flscnçc kc cut`rafcf fl sus pcfrls, lsplhack
c ub m`spatck, y lk psaquactrc ch`bsljc m`spatckazcrk`. \bc vlz glbtl flk pcfrl. Lb ckiubcs `hcsa`bls kc gcfrl sl ubl c k`s
gãs, sab lgdcri`, lk tlrcplutc h`bvlbhl c k`s pcfrls fl qul maj`s h`btrc lk pcfrl, quljãbf`sl p`r su chtatuf cut`ratcrac.
sl trctc fl ubc rlspulstc c su gcy`r abtagafcf, h`bn`rgl ck Kc tlrcplutc, ubc j`vlb s`ktlrc, salbtl qul k`s pcfrls, lb
pkcb tlrcpáutah`. pcrtahukcr lk pcfrl, b` kl `t`ricb c k`s maj`s kc cut`b`gçc
Ls p`sadkl qul kc lvckuchaøb fl kc fabãgahc ncgakacr p`r pcrtl blhlscrac y cflhucfc qul rlqualrlb k`s cf`klshlbtls. H`bsa
flk tlrcplutc slc h`rrlhtc, plr` sus abtlrvlbha`bls s`b abblhl flrc qul k`s maj`s kuhmcb p`r su kadlrtcf cbtl pcfrls lxhlsa
scracglbtl va`klbtcs y p`sadklglbtl plkair`scs. Lk trctcgalbt` vcglbtl rçiaf`s, y sl cs`hac lstrlhmcglbtl ck sudirup` nrc
fl sastlgcs lb k`s qul sl talbl lb hulbtc søk` ub sudsastlgc ls tlrb`. H`g` h`bslhulbhac fl lkk`, lk pcfrl abtlbsanahc sus
nrlhulbtl, sab lgdcri`, kc aib`rcbhac t`tck fl k`s `tr`s sud chtatufls fl h`btr`k y su lnahchac flhrlhl lb n`rgc pr`p`rha`
sastlgcs ls abflslcdkl, cbtalh`bøgahc y lb ckiub`s hcs`s átahc bck. Kc lsp`sc sl salbtl ctrcpcfc lbtrl su gcraf`, cm`rc gãs
` mugcbcglbtl abh`rrlhtc. Lb lstl hcs`, lk tlrcplutc mudalsl lxailbtl y flscgpcrcf`, y k`s maj`s, qul fasp`blb cm`rc flk
p`faf` rlckazcr slsa`bls h`b lk pcfrl y lk maj` lb kcs qul kc abtlbs` cp`y` fl kc tlrcplutc (Nai. 81).
gcfrl sl lbh`btrcsl prlslbtl cubqul sab pcrtahapcr. Vcgdaáb
mudalsl p`faf` rlckazcr slsa`bls h`b lk maj` s`k`, prl`hupãb
f`sl p`r ák l abtlirãbf`k` c kc tlrcpac. Lsc h`bsaflrchaøb flk
baó` h`g` abfavafu` sunralbtl, y b` h`g` ub galgdr` flk sas
tlgc qul rlsp`bfl c k`s abtlbt`s fl rllstruhturchaøb h`b rl
hurs`s cbtatlrcpáutah`s tlbfalbtls c kc h`bslrvchaøb flk sastl
gc, mudalsl rlckzcf` kc satuchaøb t`tck flk trctcgalbt` sab
rltrcscr lk pr`irls` mchac kc gltc (Nai. 8=).
Lb lstl hcs`, kc abtr`fuhhaøb flk tlrcplutc chrlhalbtc lk strlss
lb ub sastlgc yc rçiaf`. Lkk` fltlrgabc qul kc hrastckazchaøb
y kc raiaflz fl kcs trcbschha`bls sl abhrlglbtlb. Lk kçgatl flk
sudsastlgc nrctlrb` sl raiafanahc mcstc ub pubt` tck qul k`s
3>4 3>8
3>6 3><
su p`sahaøb cbøgckc. lstl tap` fl táhbahc fl h`gplbschaøb pulfl slr útak, yc qul
lk tlrcplutc pulfl abhrlglbtcr kc nklxadakafcf fl kc ncgakac
Lb tlrcpac ncgakacr, kc trcbsn`rgchaøb fl lstruhturc ls fl y su hcpchafcf fl suplrcr sus h`bnkaht`s cyufãbf`kc c ckhcb
nabafc lb tárgab`s fl hcgda`s lb kc p`sahaøb gutuc fl k`s zcr lk lquakadra`. Lb `tr`s, sab lgdcri`, kcs táhbahcs fl h`g
galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac, h`b ubc g`fanahchaøb h`bslhulbtl fl plbschaøb b` mchlb gãs qul hrastckazcr kc raiaflz fl kc ncgakac.
sus rlqulragalbt`s h`gpklglbtcra`s. Cubqul k`s tárgab`s hcg
da` y trcbsn`rgchaøb s`b sagakcrls, lb lstl h`btlxt` plrtlbl _`r ljlgpk`, ub tlrcplutc, T`bckf Kaldgcb, trcdcjc h`b ubc
hlb c ircgãtahcs fanlrlbtls. Lb tlrcpac ncgakacr, kc trcbsn`r ncgakac rçiafcglbtl pct`iábahc, lb kc huck kc úbahc majc, ubc
gchaøb, ` kc rllstruhturchaøb flk sastlgc ncgakacr h`bfuhl ck baóc fl hct`rhl có`s, h`b cb`rlxac blrva`sc, ls lk pchalbtl
hcgda`, ` c ubc bulvc lxplralbhac flk abfavafu`. _`r k` il aflbtanahcf`. Lk gcpc qul lkcd`rc'lk tlrcplutc chlrhc fl kc
blrck kc trcbsn`rgchaøb b` hcgdac kc h`gp`sahaøb fl kc ncga ncgakac rlnkljc ubc rlkchaøb lxhlsavcglbtl lstrlhmc lbtrl kc
kac. Lk hcgda` sl pr`fuhl lb kcs sabcpsas, lk g`f` lb qul majc y kc gcfrl. Lk gcraf` y kc cdulkc gctlrbc sl lbhulbtrcb
ckiubcs plrs`bcs sl rlkcha`bcb lbtrl sa. ubaf`s lb ubc h`ckahaøb qul caskc c kc gcfrl lb lk abtlra`r flk
Hucbf` lk tlrcplutc sl cs`hac c kc ncgakac, csugl lk kafl sudsastlgc cfukt`. Kc úbahc p`sadakafcf fl kc gcfrl fl ck
rczi` flk sastlgc tlrcpáutah`. Lstl kaflrczi` agpkahc rlsp`b hcbzcr lnahalbhac y h`gpltlbhac rlsafl lb su rlkchaøb h`b su
scdakafcf lb k` qul `hurrl. Lk tlrcplutc fldl lvckucr kc nc majc. Lk `djltav` flk tlrcplutc h`bsastl lb hrlcr fastcbhac lb-
k`* 3>9
trl kc gcfrl y kc majc y lb flnabar ub kçgatl ckrlflf`r flk dr`s fl kc ncgakac. Lb ub g`glbt` trcbsaha`bck pcrtahukcr fl
sudsastlgc h`byuick qul plrgatarã kadlrcr c kc baóc y c kc kc tlrcpac, lk pr`hls` pcrlhlrã pcrhack. Cpcrlbtlglbtl, lk tl
gcfrl fl sus p`saha`bls cbøgckcs. rcplutc aib`rcrã kc h`gpkljafcf fl kc fabãgahc abfavafuck, l
Lk tlrcplutc kl susurrc c kc baóc: "Fakl c tu gcfrl qul b` abhkus`, pulfl pcrlhlr abslbsadkl cbtl kcs blhlsafcfls fl k`s
tl qualrl k` sunahalbtl y qul ls p`r ls` qul pcrlhls ub ls galgdr`s abfavafuckls fl kc ncgakac. Xab lgdcri`, lk pr`hls`
pcbtcpãjcr`s". Kc baóc, qul dushc lk cp`y` flk tlrcplutc, `dl t`tck fl tlrcpac rlvlkcrã qul lk tlrcplutc gcbtalbl ub slb
flhl. \b tlrcplutc `ralbtcf` lb farlhhaøb flk abfavafu` huls taf` fl h`btcht` h`b k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac fl tck g`f`
ta`bcrçc lstl tap` fl abtlrvlbhaøb. Fldaf` c qul lk tlrcplutc qul ást`s k` saiulb cubqul k` h`bsaflrlb p`h` lquatctav`. Lk
ncgakacr lstagukc c kc baóc c ubc chtatuf cdalrtcglbtl cirlsavc tlrcplutc fldl prlstcr ctlbhaøb c kc fabãgahc fl k`s galg
h`btrc su gcfrl, fl kc qul flplbfl lb n`rgc pct`køiahc, lk dr`s fl kc ncgakac, cp`yãbf`k`s y rln`rzcbf` ckiub`s csplht`s
tlrcplutc `ralbtcf` c k` abfavafuck sl abqualtcrçc pr`dcdkl fl su plrs`bckafcf cubqul k`s flshckanaqul lb `trcs ãrlcs.
glbtl chlrhc flk ablvatcdkl slbtagalbt` fl hukpc fl kc baóc. V`f` tlrcplutc qul b` tlbic kc hcpchafcf fl pr`p`rha`bcr
H`bsaflrcrçc tcgdaáb qul b` lxprlsc su høklrc abh`bshalbtl c kc ncgakac ub abtlbs` slbtaf` fl rlsplt` pcrc hcfc ub` fl
lb n`rgc cdalrtc sab`, sagpklglbtl, rlpatalbf` kcs pckcdrcs lkk`s h`g` abfavafu`s y fl flg`strcrkls su nargl v`kubtcf fl
flk tlrcplutc. Kc chuschaøb c kc gcfrl p`r k`s sçbt`gcs fl hurc, plrflrã c kc ncgakac lb lk pr`hls` fl trcbsn`rgchaøb.
kc majc slrçc h`bsaflrcfc pr`dcdklglbtl p`r ák h`g` ubc ga- Lb lk pr`hls` fl rupturc flk lquakadra` kc h`bnacbzc fl kc
bagazchaøb fl kc rlsp`bscdakafcf fl kc baóc p`r sus pr`pacs ncgakac lb lk tlrcplutc ls lxtrlgcfcglbtl agp`rtcbtl. Hucb
chha`bls y h`g` ub cp`y` c kc flplbflbhac gutuc fl kc gc f` lk tlrcplutc flslquakadrc ub sastlgc ncgakacr ck cs`hacrsl
frl y kc majc. Nabckglbtl, lstagcrçc qul kc tãhtahc rlspltc p`h` h`b ub galgdr`, k`s `tr`s galgdr`s lxplraglbtcb ub strlss.
c kc gcfrl, qul ls s`hcvcfc p`r su gcraf` y su pr`pac gcfrl. Xu rlspulstc pulfl slr kc fl absastar lb kc h`bslrvchaøb flk
Fl lstl g`f`, sab lgdcri`, lk tlrcplutc fl ncgakac rlckazc sastlgc. Lk tlrcplutc fldl h`btrcrrlstcrk` abhatcbf` c k`s
ub pcs` lb farlhhaøb flk `djltav` tlrcpáutah`. Kc úbahc p`sada galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac lb kc farlhhaøb fl k`s `djltav`s tlrc
kafcf fl glj`rçc fl lstc ncgakac rlsafl lb kc hrlchaøb fl fas páutah`s galbtrcs s`p`rtcb kcs abhlrtafugdrls flk plrç`f` fl
tcbhac lbtrl kc gcfrl y kc majc. Kcs tãhtahcs flk tlrcplutc trcbsahaøb. Lstl g`vagalbt` ls nchakatcf` p`r kc h`gprlbsaøb
y cp`y` flk tlrcplutc y p`r su h`bnargchaøb fl kcs blhlsafc
talbflb caflbtanahcf`
pchalbtl slpcrcrkcs. _`r k` tcbt`,
h`btrc n`rgc
kc gcfrl. Xuubc h`ckahaøb r`gpl
abtlrvlbhaøb h`b lk fls lxplraglbtcfcs p`r k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac.
lk lquakadra` fl k`s huctr` galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac. C kc gcfrl, Kc n`rgc lb qul lk tlrcplutc usc c su plrs`bc lb su cp`y`
pravcfc fl kc flshcric qul rlckazcdc c trcvás fl su majc y c k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac h`bstatuyl ub rlhurs` pcrtahu
strhsscfc cúb lb gcy`r glfafc p`r kcs hrçtahcs flk tlrcplutc kcrglbtl agp`rtcbtl lb lk trcdcj` h`b ncgakacs pct`køiahc
søk` kl qulfc kc cktlrbctavc fl cuglbtcr sus rlqulragalbt`s glbtl cikutabcfcs. Lb t`fcs kcs ncgakacs cikutabcfcs, k`s pr`
rlnlraf`s c su gcraf`. Kc pr`xagafcf lbtrl gcraf` y gujlr hls`s fl fanlrlbhachaøb s`b flscklbtcf`s. C bavlk pct`køiah`,
plrgatarã slpcrcr c kc gcfrl fl su majc y kadlrcrkcs fl sus kc ncktc fl fanlrlbhachaøb fl kc ncgakac fltlrgabc qul t`fc
p`saha`bls arrliukcrls. slpcrchaøb fl su slb` slc vavafc h`g` ub cht` fl trcahaøb.
Lxastl kc p`sadakafcf fl qul lk tlrcplutc fl `ralbtchaøb Lk slbtaf` fl plrtlblbhac f`gabc kc lxplralbhac vavlbhack, c
lstruhturck slc plrhadaf` h`g` p`h` lquatctav` p`r k`s galg- lxplbscs fl kc lxplralbhac fl slpcrchaøb fl sus galgdr`s. Ck
3>= 3>1
abh`rp`rcrsl c lstc satuchaøb, lk tlrcplutc chtúc pcrc flskab lb lk slb` fl kc ncgakac y su ch`g`fcgalbt` c ástl pulflb
fcr k`s harhuat`s psah`køiah`s l abtlrchha`bckls. _lr` sa ab slr útakls lb sç gasg`s, plr` ls p`sadkl qul b` salgprl h`ab
tlbtc slpcrcr c ub galgdr` flk sastlgc ncgakacr, h`gpr`dcrã hafcb h`b k`s `djltav`s tlrcpáutah`s. Kc suhhaøb flk sastlgc
qul lk sastlgc ctrcl h`b gcy`r nulrzc qul kc suyc. Ls agp` pulfl ctrclr ck tlrcplutc c ubc p`sahaøb h`btrcabfahcfc. _`r
sadkl kadlrcr c ub galgdr` flk sastlgc c glb`s qul ck gasg` ljlgpk`, ubc ncgakac abahac ubc tlrcpac fldaf` c qul lk gc
talgp` sl h`gpr`gltc lb ub bavlk fanlrlbtl. _`r ljlgpk`, sa raf` 'pcflhl fl jcqulhcs. Lk sl salbtl cvlri`bzcf` p`r sus
ub baó`, h`g` pcrtl fl ubc trçcfc rçiafc, sl lbhulbtrc ag `rçilbls mugakfls, yc qul mc saf` lk praglr` fl su ncgakac
pkahcf` lb ircb glfafc lb k` qul h`bhalrbl ck sudsastlgc qul hursø lstufa`s ubavlrsatcra`s. Xl hcsø h`b ubc gujlr c
h`byuick l abtagcglbtl ckacf` h`b ub` fl sus pcfrls, ub huyc ncgakac cfgarcdc p`r sus k`ir`s abtlklhtuckls, y talbl ub
`djltav` tlrcpáutah` p`frçc h`bsastar lb dk`qulcr kcs pcutcs lklvcf` rlsplt` p`r kcs `paba`bls fl su lsp`sc. Lkkc ls qualb
trcbschha`bckls rçiafcs lvatcbf` csç kc utakazchaøb flk baó` lstcdklhl kcs rlikcs, ák sl ch`g`fc y rlgatl c lkkc.
y lk rlnulrz` fl sus sçbt`gcs. \bc tãhtahc, qul tcgdaáb ls Lb lstl hcs`, lk `djltav` tlrcpáutah` h`bsastl lb g`fanahcr
ub `djltav` lb sç gasg`, h`bsastarçc lb abtlircr ck baó` lb ubc kcs p`saha`bls fl p`flr rlkctavcs fl k`s høbyuils, trcbsn`rgcb
p`sahaøb irctanahcbtl lb lk sudsastlgc nrctlrb`. f` kc lstruhturc ncgakacr fl tck g`f` qul lk m`gdrl glj`rl
Lb ckiubcs `hcsa`bls lk lbtrlkczcgalbt` fl slpcrchaøb l ab su
y slstctus,
rlspltl`dtlbic ub gcy`r
c sç gasg`. rlsplt`
H`b lstl p`rtlrcplutc,
nab. lk pcrtl fllbsukcsgujlr
pra
tlirchaøb ls nchtadkl lb lk slb` fl kc ncgakac. _`r ljlgpk`,
hucbf` ub baó` sl lbhulbtrc lb pr`hls` fl slpcrchaøb fl ubc glrcs slsa`bls, sl ubl ck m`gdrl, cp`yãbf`k` y lb ckiub`s
trçcfc rçiafc y fl abtlirchaøb ck sudsastlgc nrctlrb`, lk kçgatl hcs`s, n`rgcbf` h`b ák ubc h`ckahaøb qul csugl ubc p`sahaøb
ckrlflf`r flk sudsastlgc h`byuick pulfl slr h`bs`kafcf` pcrc hrçtahc nrlbtl c kc lsp`sc.
n`glbtcr kc ubaøb lbtrl k`s lsp`s`s. Lb `trcs `hcsa`bls, lk Flspuás fl huctr` slsa`bls, kc lsp`sc kkcgc y slóckc qul
tlrcplutc pulfl vlrsl `dkaicf` c rlhurrar c su plrs`bc pcrc qualrl ubc slsaøb abfavafuck. H`bsaflrc lb lsl g`glbt` kc
nchakatcr lk flsprlbfagalbt` fl kc ncgakac. Ls p`sadkl tcgdaáb p`sadakafcf fl tlblr ub cnncarl plr` b` qualrl mlrar c su gc
abtr`fuhar lklglbt`s lxtrcncgakacrls lb lk sastlgc, p`r ljlgpk` raf` prlslbtcbf` lstl gctlrack lb ubc slsaøb h`bjubtc. Hucbf`
lstagukcbf` c kc gcfrl c lbh`btrcr ub trcdcj` qul kl pr` lk tlrcplutc kc vl lb ubc slsaøb abfavafuck, lkkc kl fahl, cub
p`rha`bl sctasnchha`bls nulrc fl su ncgakac, ` abtr`fuhalbf` qul b` lb n`rgc lxpkçhatc, qul ák ls lk m`gdrl h`b lk qul
h`g` "h`tlrcplutc" c ub h`gpcólr` cf`klshlbtl pcrc nchaka qualrl tlblr lk cnncarl. Lk tlrcplutc palbsc qul, h`g` cbckas
tcr lk g`vagalbt` fl ckljcgalbt` fl ub cf`klshlbtl lb fa tc, mudalsl p`faf` abtlrprltcr k`s slbtagalbt`s fl kc gujlr
rlhhaøb flk gubf` fl sus aiuckls. h`g` ub nlbøglb` trcbsnlrlbhac!, ` h`g` rlsastlbhac c kc tl
Lk tlrcplutc fldl h`btr`kcr lk agpcht` fl kc tlrcpac y fl rcpac. _lr` h`g` tlrcplutc lstruhturck fl ncgakac b` pulfl
kcs harhubstcbhacs fl kc vafc s`drl kc ncgakac y lstcr fas rlhurrar c lsc nørgukc. Lbnrlbtc f`s pr`dklgcs. Lb praglr
pulst` c pr`p`rha`bcr cyufc. Lk hcgda` c trcvás fl kc tlrcpac, kuicr, °høg` pulfl cyufcr c kc gujlr c cdcbf`bcr kc slsaøb
ck aiuck qul t`f` `tr` hcgda` fl kc ncgakac, sl ch`gpcóc h`b sab ubc párfafc fl cut`lstagc, pcrc b` `dstchukazcr kc tlrc
tlbsaøb, y lk sastlgc tlrcpáutah` fldl slr hcpcz fl gcbljcr pac0 Lb sliubf` kuicr, °quá mc mlhm` lb kcs slsa`bls cbtl
lstcs harhubstcbhacs. ra`rls pcrc rldcjcr c su gcraf` cbtl lk tlrcplutc, y quá
Lk flslquakadra` pr`fuhaf` p`r kc abtr`fuhhaøb flk tlrcplutc pulfl mchlr ák pcrc rlpcrcrk`0
39? 393
Lk tlrcplutc kl fahl c kc gujlr qul garl ub hucfr` cds c vavar h`b ák y su bulvc ncgakac. Kc ncgakac chufl c tlrcpac
trcht` qul sl lbhulbtrc lb kc pcrlf fl su h`bsukt`ra` y qul fldaf` c kc maplrslbsadakafcf fl su majc, c sus chhls`s fl ira
agciabl qul sl lbhulbtrc h`b lk m`gdrl ck qul qualrl h`g` t`s y c su agprlsaøb fl qul b` sl kc cgc.
cgcbtl. Hucbf` lkkc flshradl sus ncbtcsçcs, ák kl fahl qul s`b Kc sliubfc lsp`sc, f`s có`s gcy`r qul su gcraf`, talbl
guy agprlhascs. Xus flshrapha`bls flk m`gdrl, kl fahl, s`b ubc hcpchafcf kagatcfc pcrc lxprlscr sus slbtagalbt`s. Fls
tcb ik`dckls y hcrlbtls fl prlhasaøb qul ls `dva` qul lb ubc puás fl ubc slsaøb lb kc qul pcrtahapø h`g` `dslrvcf`r, ub
rlkchaøb slxuck h`b ák sl cduscrçc, ablvatcdklglbtl, fl lkkc. tlrcplutc fl `ralbtchaøb abfavafuck h`glbtc su prl`hupchaøb
Abfarlhtcglbtl, lstc abtlrvlbhaøb rlprlslbtc ub ctcqul h`b chlrhc fl kc cnlhtavafcf abmadafc fl kc gcfrcstrc. Lstagc qul
trc kc gujlr lb favlrs`s g`f`s. H`g` chtraz, kl flscircfc kc pchalbtl aflbtanahcfc, plsl c su kcdakafcf, fc gulstrcs fl
qul sl hckanaqul c sus ncbtcsçcs h`g` agprlhascs. H`g` cd` ubc ircb cklirçc fl vavar, qul p`frçc slr flscrr`kkcfc lb
icfc flk g`vagalbt` fl kadlrchaøb nlglbab`, rlchha`bc h`b tlrcpac y qul kc gcfrcstrc p`frçc flscklbtcr.
nulrzc cbtl lk pkcbtl` fl qul dushc ubc rlkchaøb lb kc qul Lk tlrcplutc fl ncgakac rlpkahc qul, sa tuvalsl qul dushcr
sl kc lxpk`tcrçc. Cdcbf`bc lk h`bsukt`ra` lbnurlhafc y flsaku ubc gcfrcstrc pcrc kc majc fl ubc gujlr gcbçch`-flprlsavc,
sa`bcfc p`r kc abslbsadakafcf y t`rplzc flk cbckastc, plr` fas abtlbtcrçc lbh`btrcr ubc gujlr cnlhtavcglbtl p`h` flg`strc
pulstc c pr`sliuar kc tlrcpac h`b su gcraf`. Kuli`, kl rlkctc tavc. Fl chulrf` h`b su lvckuchaøb fl kc satuchaøb, kc ncgakac
ck gcraf` k` `hurraf` lb kc slsaøb, cubqul sab flharkl qul lk lbnrlbtc pr`dklgcs trcbsaha`bckls: ubc ncgakac fl trls galg
hlrcplutc lrc lk cgcbtl qul dushcdc. Lb kc slsaøb saiualbtl dr`s fldl abh`rp`rcr f`s bulv`s galgdr`s y h`bvlrtarsl lb
h`b kc pcrljc, lk tlrcplutc trctc ck m`gdrl h`b sug` rlsplt`, ubc ncgakac fl habh` galgdr`s. K`s pr`dklgcs h`bslhulbtls
h`bhlbtrãbf`sl lb sus gcbanlstcha`bls y prlstcbf` ircb ctlb fl ch`g`fcgalbt` gutu` y fl hcgda` lb kc lstruhturc k`s
haøb c k` qul ák fahl. Cirlfl c kc gujlr fl tck g`f` qul lk mcb kklvcf` c tlrcpac.
gcraf` chufl lb su flnlbsc y cirlfl ck tlrcplutc, k` qul
cyufc c g`fanahcr lk slsi` fl kcs slsa`bls cbtlra`rls. K`s Lk pcfrl abtlbtc chtucr h`g` cg`rtaiucf`r pcrc pr`tlilr
høbyuils sl mcb ubaf` cm`rc lb ubc h`ckahaøb h`btrc lk tl c su lsp`sc fl su majc. Xl vl lbvulkt` lb kuhmcs fl p`flr h`b
kc majc, fl kcs qul kc gcfrcstrc lstã lxhkuafc. Lst`s h`bnkaht`s
rcplutc. Lb lstc h`ckahaøb, `hupcb ubc p`sahaøb fl aiuckfcf,
k` qul plrgatl hrlcr ub sastlgc tlrcpáutah` dcscf` lb kc cuglbtcb sab rls`kvlrsl, lbnurlhalbf` y nrustrcbf` c kc vlz
h``plrchaøb fl aiuckls. ck pcfrl y c kc majc. Lk pcfrl, qul lbnrlbtø guhm`s h`bnkaht`s
sagakcrls h`b su praglrc lsp`sc, kl fahl c kc majc qul sl pc
rlhl flgcsacf` c su gcfrl. Gcbanalstc su prl`hupchaøb fl
qul tlrgabl p`r hclr lb kc k`hurc.
VTCBXCHHA@BLX CKVLTBCVA^CX
VTCBXCHHA@BLX
Lk `djltav` flk tlrcplutc rlsafl lb kadlrcr c kc baóc flk "ncb
LB VTCBXN@TGCHAØB
tcsgc" fl su gcfrl y lb cyufcr c kc ncgakac lb su pr`hls`
fl trcbsahaøb (Nai. 63).
\b m`gdrl sl slpcrc fl su lsp`sc, qul talbl lpas`fa`s gc
bçch`-flprlsav`s, hucbf` su majc talbl falz có`s y su maj`
habh`. _`stlra`rglbtl, vulkvl c hcscrsl y talbl `tr` maj`. Habh`
có`s flspuás, kklvc c k`s f`s baó`s fl su praglr gctrag`ba`
394 398
H`b lstl `djltav`, cf`ptc kc lstrctliac fl h`bhlbtrcrsl lb kuli` sus galgdr`s plrgatcb y csagaklb kcs abtlrvlbha`bls
kc gcfrcstrc, abvatãbf`kc c pcrtahapcr, rlsp`bfalbf` rlspltu` flk tlrcplutc, sus hulsta`bcgalbt`s y su absastlbhac lb lk
scglbtl c sus lshcs`s cp`rtls y slóckcbf` qul lkkc ls kc hkcvl hcgda`.
pcrc lk hcgda` lb kc ncgakac. Lk tlrcplutc n`rgc ubc h`cka H`g` t`f`s k`s tlrcplutcs, lk tlrcplutc fl ncgakac hulsta`
haøb h`b lkkc, fahalbf` qul su chlptchaøb fl k`s maj`s fl su bc kc plrhlphaøb fl kc rlckafcf fl k`s pchalbtls. Kl fahl c
gcraf` ls vatck pcrc kc ncgakac y sugcglbtl agp`rtcbtl pcrc ub galgdr` fl ubc ncgakac qul sus lxplralbhacs s`b fashu
lk gctrag`ba`. _lr` fashutl su chlptchaøb flk ncbtcsgc fl kc tadkls, yc qul lk tlrcplutc scdl qul kc rlckafcf ls gãs h`g
praglrc lsp`sc qul lk gcraf` abtr`fuhl lb su ncgakac. Kc pkljc. H`rr`l kc hlrtlzc fl hcfc galgdr` fl kc ncgakac chlrhc
sliubfc lsp`sc fldl cyufcr c su gcraf` c lx`rhazcr lstl fl kc vckaflz fl su lxplralbhac. B` sl trctc fl ubc h`bnr`b
ncbtcsgc. Lk pcfrl ls ctchcf` p`r blicrsl c rlh`b`hlr qul tchaøb táhbahc. Lb rlckafcf, lk tlrcplutc cp`yc c k`s galgdr`s
su majc ls ubc cf`klshlbtl, y b` ubc aiuck h`b kc qul pulfl fl kc ncgakac, plr` suialrl qul gãs ckkã fl k` qul mcb plrha
pkcbtlcr kuhmcs fl p`flr. Vcgdaáb sl kl fahl qul h`gprlbfc daf` mcy `trc h`sc. Lb lnlht`, sulkl flhar "sa, plr`..." ` "sa,
qul lkkc ls ubc plrs`bc lb sa gasgc y b` ubc pr`k`bichaøb y... .
fl -su gcfrl. Kc h`ckahaøb fl tlrcplutc, lsp`sc l maj`s trcbs Fldl h`bvlbhlr c k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac qul sus abfa
n`rgc c kc ncgakac, fltlrgabcbf` qul trcbsat`racglbtl kc na hcha`bls fl "sa, plr`" ` "sa, y..." flravcb fl sus pr`pacs bc
iurc cbøgckc slc lk lsp`s` y kadlrcbf` fl lkk` c kc majc. turcklzcs. Xu p`sahaøb fl fufc fldl cp`ycrsl lb slóckcgalb
Lstl tap` fl trctcgalbt`, qul sl hlbtrckazc lb kc gcblrc t`s qul k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac h`bsaflrlb h`rrlht`s s`drl
lb qul kcs plrs`bcs pulflb abnkuarsl y cyufcrsl gutucglbtl kc dcsl fl sus pr`pacs lxplralbhacs prlvacs. Cubqul k`s huls
hcrchtlrazc ck tlrcplutc qul h`bsaflrc c kc ncgakac h`g` kc ta`bc dcsãbf`sl lb kc h`bsaflrchaøb fl qul pulfl vlr gãs
gctraz fl kc hurchaøb. Lk `djltav` ls lk ch`g`fcgalbt` y lk ckkã qul lkk`s, fldl slr hcpcz fl cnlrrcrsl c p`sadakafcfls fl
cp`y` gutu`s. Kc gcfrcstrc, ubc gujlr qul salgprl tlgaø cktlrbctavcs fl lxplralbhac, ` c høfai`s cktlrbctav`s, fl k`s
flscnacr c su gcraf`, cprlbfl fl su majcstrc. Q galbtrcs kc qul k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac pulfcb fasp`blr. K` qul
gcfrcstrc cprlbfl fl kc baóc chlrhc fl høg` flscnacr, kc pkcbtlc fldl n`rgcr pcrtl flk rlplrt`ra` lxastlbtl fl k`s
baóc cprlbfl su gcfcstrc c fcr ub pcs` ctrãs. galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac.
_`r ljlgpk`, ubc lsp`sc h`bhurrl c tlrcpac fldaf` c qul su
lsp`s` talbl pr`dklgcs plrs`bckls y c qul, tcgdaáb, talbl
L^@K\HAØB LB VLTC_AC ircbfls fanahuktcfls pcrc rlkcha`bcrsl h`b sus f`s maj`s. Lb
kc praglrc slsaøb, lk tlrcplutc vl c kc gujlr s`kc. Lk gcraf`
Kcs lxplralbhacs fl kcs plrs`bcs sl g`fanahcb c glfafc qul fahl qul ls ák lk galgdr` fl kc ncgakac qul talbl pr`dklgcs.
sus p`saha`bls rlkctavcs sl trcbsn`rgcb. _lr` sl pkcbtlc lk pr` Xl flshradl c sa gasg` h`g` abtlklhtuck y køiah`. Ck slr
dklgc fl mcstc quá pubt` kc satuchaøb cbtlra`r fl kc ncgakac køiah`, talbl kc hlrtlzc fl tlblr rczøb5 p`r k` tcbt`, talbfl
sl rlstcdklhl hucbf` lk tlrcplutc fljc fl n`rgcr pcrtl fl kc c slr cut`ratcra`.
ubafcf y mcstc quá pubt` sl gcbtalblb kcs trcbsn`rgcha`bls. Lk tlrcplutc abtlrrugpl pcrc slóckcr qul ub m`gdrl tcb '
Kc ncgakac chufl c tlrcpac s`kahatãbf`kl s`kcglbtl ck tlrcplutc prl`hupcf` p`r kc køiahc y kc h`rrlhhaøb fldl ^lrsl nrustrcf`
qul ckaval sus pr`dklgcs chtuckls. K` s`rprlbflbtl ls qul c glbuf` lb kc vafc. Hratahc ck m`gdrl p`r b` plrgatar,bubhc
396 39<
c su gujlr plrhadar kc flprlsaøb qul salbtl y b` plrgatar, csç, csaibc ubc tcrlc qul chlrhcrã ck pcfrl h`b lk maj`, lxhkuylbf`
qul k` cyufl. Fl lsl g`f` lk tlrcplutc dk`qulc ubc rlkc c kc gcfrl. Lstc tcrlc tcgdaáb h`bvckafc ck pcfrl lb sus
haøb nkuafc plr` fasnubha`bck lb tárgab`s fl ubc rlckafcf huckafcfls fl plbscgalbt` køiah` y `dslrvchaøb flskaicfc fl
gãs cgpkac. Xus `dslrvcha`bls s`b h`bsaflrcfcs cflhucfcs kc h`bfuhtc, plr` kcs `ralbtc p`satavcglbtl lb farlhhaøb fl ub
p`r lk m`gdrl, qul h`b`hl su flprlsaøb, y tcgdaáb sl cflhúcb maj` ck qul salgprl h`bsaflrø arratcbtl. Lk pcfrl fldl lbh`b
ck cbmlk` bubhc lxprlscf` fl kc gujlr fl tlblr ubc `p`rtu trcrsl h`b lk maj` p`r k` glb`s trls vlhls p`r slgcbc furcbtl
bafcf fl cp`ycr c su gcraf`. Cgd`s høbyuils rlhadlb lb ub kcps` b` gcy`r fl ubc m`rc. Lb lk trcbshurs` fl lsl pl
n`rgc p`satavc kc abtlrvlbhaøb flk tlrcplutc hulsta`bcf`rc rç`f` fldl utakazcr su hcpchafcf fl `dslrvchaøb y fl cbãkasas
y qul abvatc ck hcgda`, yc qul lkkc rlh`b`hl kcs blhlsafcfls lstufacbf` c su maj`, fl tck g`f` qul lb lk trcbshurs` fl kc
lxplraglbtcfcs p`r kc gujlr y suialrl ckiubcs cktlrbctavcs fas prøxagc slsaøb pulfc flshradar ck tlrcplutc kcs hcrchtlrçstahcs
p`badkls pcrc lk m`gdrl. Lk tlrcplutc csaibc lbt`bhls ubc pcrtahukcrls fl su maj`. Fl lsl g`f`, lk tlrcplutc ls abtr`
tcrlc dcscfc lb su "sa, plr`". Dcj` h`bfaha`bls lsplhçnahcs, fuhaf` lb kc rlkchaøb pcfrl-maj` h`g` `dslrvcf`r c fastcbhac.
hucbf` kc gujlr salbtl qul su gcraf` lstã lquav`hcf`, fl Lk pcfrl, qul salgprl sl rlkcha`bø h`b su maj` lb n`rgc ag
t`f`s g`f`s fldl ckablcrsl jubt` c ák lb h`btrc fl k`s hmah`s. puksavc, h`btr`kcf`rc, flshckanahcf`rc, slbtarã qul lk tlrcplutc
K`s pcfrls trclb c k`s baó`s c kc saiualbtl slsaøb. K`s cfuk k` lstagukc c utakazcr sus huckafcfls køiahcs lb su rlkchaøb
t`s mcb ljlhutcf` kc tcrlc csaibcfc y sl mcb slbtaf` gãs h`b su maj`, abmadalbf` su agpuksavafcf. Kc gcfrl, qul sl mc
hlrhc ub` flk `tr`. Lk gcraf` hrll qul su gujlr k` cp`yc slbtaf` cnlhtcfc p`r su lxhkusaøb fl lstc abtlrchhaøb, sl slb
y sl salbtl irctanahcfc p`r kc gcy`r slbsadakafcf y glb`r cu tarã fl t`f`s g`f`s cp`ycfc lb ub ãrlc agp`rtcbtl ‖su cbmlk`
t`ratcrasg` qul g`strø lb rlspulstc c su cp`y`. fl qul su gcraf` sl h`bvalrtc lb ub dulb pcfrl.
Hucbf` t`fc kc ncgakac ls vastc lb tlrcpac, sl `dslrvc h`b Lk pcfrl, kc gcfrl y lk maj` s`b udahcf`s lb ubc bulvc
hkcrafcf qul k`s baó`s y kc gcfrl n`rgcb ubc h`ckahaøb qul p`sahaøb p`r kcs abtlrvlbha`bls flk tlrcplutc. @raiabckglbtl
mc. caskcf` ck pcfrl, kklvãbf`k` c ubc p`sahaøb plranárahc y mc chlptcr`b lst`s hcgda`s fl p`sahaøb fldaf` c qul lk tlrcplutc
halbf` rlhclr ubc pcrtl lxhlsavc flk pr`hls` fl s`hackazchaøb kls `nrlhçc cktlrbctavcs flbtr` fl su lsnlrc y kls pkcbtlcdc ubc
lb kc gcfrl. K`s baó`s chtúcb h`g` ubc pctrukkc fl sckvcglbt`. pr`glsc fl fasp`saha`bls gãs sctasncht`racs. Kc trcbsn`rgchaøb
fl kc ncgakac sl gcbtalbl hucbf` lk tlrcplutc b` sl lbhulbtrc
Hucbf`
p`s`, lxlk hctmlfrc,
pcfrl agp`bl
qul rlikcs, k` mchl
mchl slbtar fl gcfrl
c kc ub g`f` tcb p`gy
nrustrcfc prlslbtl, fldaf` c qul kc trcbsn`rgchaøb mc chtavcf` bulvcs
fabãgahcs lbtrl k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac y c qul cp`ycb kcs
flscgpcrcfc. K`s baó`s h`galbzcb c p`rtcrsl gck fl ub g`f` fabãgahcs lbtrl k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac y c qul cp`ycb kcs
qul flsvçc kc høklrc flk pcfrl s`drl lkk`s. Lk baó` gãs pl bulvcs pcutcs trcbschha`bckls. Fl lsl g`f`, kcs bulvcs pcutcs
quló`, lb pcrtahukcr, ls lxplrt` lb lkk`, y kc rlkchaøb lbtrl ák trcbschha`bckls talbflb c cut`gcbtlblrsl.
y su pcfrl ls pcrtahukcrglbtl tlbsc. K`s pchalbtls lv`kuha`bcb p`r trls hcuscs. Lb praglr kuicr,
Kc tãhtahc flk tlrcplutc h`bsastl lb r`gplr kc h`ckahaøb fl sl hulsta`bc su plrhlphaøb fl kc rlckafcf. Lb sliubf` ku
k`s baó`s h`b kc gcfrl, hkcranahcbf` lk kagatl ckrlflf`r flk icr sl kls pr`p`rha`bcb p`sadakafcfls cktlrbctavcs qul kls pcrl
sudsastlgc h`byuick y flscrr`kkcbf` kc pr`xagafcf lbtrl lk hlb cflhucfcs. Q, lb tlrhlr kuicr, ubc vlz qul lbscycr`b kcs
gcraf` y kc gujlr y lbtrl lk pcfrl y k`s baó`s. H`b lstl nab, pcutcs trcbschha`bckls cktlrbctavcs cpcrlhlb bulvcs rlkcha`bls
fldl cp`ycr ck pcfrl cubqul fashrlpl h`b ák. Fl lsl g`f`, qul sl rlnulrzcb c sa gasgcs.
39> 399
XL MCHL HCGAB@ CK CBFCT _`r ljlgpk`, ga lstak` sl `raiabc lb pcrtl lb ubc baólz
qul trcbshurraø lb ubc ncgakac cikutabcfc h`b hucrlbtc tçcs
Lk h`bhlpt` fl trcbsn`rgchaøb sl rlkcha`bc h`b lv`kuha`bls y tç`s y cpr`xagcfcglbtl f`shalbt`s prag`s, t`f`s k`s huckls,
h`bsaflrcdkls lb lk gcrh` fl kc tlrcpac qul sl pr`fuhlb c k` lb gcy`r ` glb`r glfafc, h`bstatuçcb ubc rlf ncgakacr ls
kcri` flk talgp`. Lk tlrcplutc fldl scdlr høg` pr`ylhtcr ls`s trlhmc. Ga puldk` bctck, lb lk hcgp` fl kc Crilbtabc, h`b ubc
`djltav`s. _lr` tcgdaáb fldl scdlr høg` nchakatcr k`s plqul úbahc cvlbafc kkcgcfc "Cvlbafc búglr` `bhl', tlbçc ubc p`
ó`s g`vagalbt`s qul kklvcb c kc ncgakac lb farlhhaøb fl lstcs dkchaøb fl huctr` gak mcdatcbtls. Gas cdulk`s, f`s tç`s, ub
prag` y sus ncgakacrls vavçcb lb bulstrc hucfrc. H`g` ub
gltcs. Fldl cyufcrk`s fl tck g`f` qul b` sl vlcb cglbczcf`s
mcdatcbtl flk Dcrra` Hmab`, hucbf` hcgabcdc p`r kc hckkl
p`r fask`hcha`bls h`bsaflrcdkls. Kc hcpchafcf fl ubc plrs`bc
slbtçc qul halb prag`s gl garcdcb . Fl lsl g`f`, gl vlçc
4
39= 391
Ga lstak` tlrcpáutah` sl lbhulbtrc `ricbazcf` c k` kcri` fl sastlgc fl kc ncgakac, qul fltlrgabc qul slc fançhak qul ub
f`s pcrãgltr`s: høg` prlslrvcr kc abfavafuchaøb y høg` cp` abfavafu` hcgdal sab lk cp`y` y kc h`gpklglbtcrafcf fl k`s
ycr kc rlhapr`hafcf. Xalgprl gl ml prl`hupcf` p`r prlslrvcr `tr`s. Lb lnlht`, chtú` fl tck g`f` qul k`s `tr`s galgdr`s
k`s kçgatls qul flnablb kc aflbtafcf abfavafuck. B` plrgat` fl kc ncgakac slcb gas h`tlrcplutcs, h`bvartalbf` c kc ubafcf
bubhc qul ub galgdr` fl ubc ncgakac mcdkl chlrhc fl `tr`s gãs cgpkac lb kc gctraz fl kc hurchaøb. Lvat` t`fc abtlrprltc
qul sl lbhulbtrcb prlslbtls lb kc slsaøb. Lstc rlikc pulfl haøb abfavafuck. _`r ljlgpk`, hucbf` ub gcraf` ls lxhlsavc
slr gcbtlbafc
gcbtlbafc fahalbf` c ub galgdr` fl kc ncgakac: "lstã glbtl h`btr`kcf`r, pulf` hulsta`bcr c kc lsp`sc p`r cklbtcr
mcdkcbf` lb kuicr suy`". C glbuf` slpcr` c plrs`bcs qul lk f`gaba` fl su gcraf`.
sl salbtcb jubtcs, y pulf` ilstahukcr h`g` ub p`kahçc fl Lbhcr` k`s h`bnkaht`s ncgakacrls c trcvás fl abtlrprltcha`bls
trãbsat` pcrc dk`qulcr kcs abtlrrupha`bls ` k`s plfaf`s abcfl slhulbhackls, fl tck g`f` qul lk gasg` g`flk` slc lshkcrl
hucf`s fl h`bnargchaøb. Valbf` c flscklbtcr kc utakazchaøb haf` c trcvás fl fanlrlbtls pubt`s fl vastc. _`r ljlgpk`, lb
fl ub galgdr` fl kc ncgakac h`g` flpøsat` fl k`s rlhulrf`s ubc satuchaøb lb kc qul ub baó` fl hct`rhl có`s lbnrlbtc fa
fl k`s `tr`s. Cpruld` kcs flshrapha`bls fl h`gpltlbhac y nahuktcfls lsh`kcrls, y lb kc qul k`s pcfrls sl lbhulbtrcb lb
ckalbt` c k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac c rlh`gplbscr t`fc h`g h`bnkaht` lb k` qul h`bhalrbl ck g`f` fl lbhcrcr kc satuchaøb,
pltlbhac qul sl gulstrl lb ubc slsaøb. X`y ilblr`s` cbtl fl ls p`sadkl qul rlckahl trls abtlrvlbha`bls. Cs`haãbf`gl ck gc
hkcrcha`bls p`satavcs chlrhc fl hcrchtlrçstahcs abfavafuckls, kc raf`, pulf` slóckcr: "kc h`ckahaøb lbtrl su lsp`sc y su maj`
abfuglbtcrac, ubc nrcsl dalb h`bstruafc ` ubc plrhlphaøb k` mchl slbtarsl flscgpcrcf`". Cs`haãbf`gl c kc lsp`sc, p`
hrlctavc. Ckalbt` c k`s galgdr`s `pragaf`s fl ubc ncgakac, frçc flhar: "kc abhcpchafcf fl su gcraf` y fl su maj` pcrc
cp`yãbf`k`s fl tck g`f` qul pulfcb slr chlptcf`s y g`fa rls`kvlr k`s h`bnkaht`s kc s`drlhcric, mchalbf` rlhclr s`drl us
nahcr su p`sahaøb. Lb pcrtahukcr, cp`y` kc kuhmc fl k`s baó`s tlf kc rlsp`bscdakafcf fl `hupcrsl fl cgd`s". Cs`haãbf`gl
lb pr` fl ubc abflplbflbhac cflhucfc c su lfcf. Lb lstl ck maj`, pulf` slóckcr: "tu pcfrl y tu gcfrl fashutlb chlrhc
ãrlc, c glbuf` ls p`sadkl rls`kvlr ub pr`dklgc lb tárgab`s fl tus fanahuktcfls lsh`kcrls sab fcrtl p`sadakafcf ckiubc fl
fl h`gpcrchaøb fl lfcfls: "lb ckiubcs `hcsa`bls chtúcs pcrtahapcr. Vl gcbtalblb lb ubc p`sahaøb h`rrlsp`bfalbtl c
h`g` ub baó` fl slas có`s galbtrcs lb `trcs k` mchls rlck ub baó` fl glb`r lfcf". Kuli` kls s`kahat` qul rlckahlb ub
glbtl h`g` ub` fl falhasaltl". Lstc n`rgukchaøb sl h`bstatuyl hcgda` lb lk pr`pa` gcrh` fl kc slsaøb.
lb abstruglbt` pcrc lstagukcr lk flscrr`kk` fl kc h`bfuhtc Lb ilblrcW, lb kuicr fl plrgatar c kcs plrs`bcs qul mcdklb
fl falhasaltl có`s . chlrhc fl ch`btlhagalbt`s flk pcscf`, talbf` c rlnlrar c kcs
Ck lstagukcr kc rlhapr`hafcf, ga táhbahc gãs cflhucfc, h`b satucha`bls c k` chtuck rlkcha`bãbf`kcs h`b kc slsaøb. _`r ljlg
sastl lb fcr pruldcs fl slbtaf` flk mug`r y fl ubc chlptchaøb pk`, sa gl lbhulbtr` trcdcjcbf` h`b ub pchalbtl cb`ráxah`,
ilblrck fl kcs nkcqulzcs mugcbcs. Xulk` hulsta`bcr kc lxastlb h`g` h`b kc ncgakac. Xa k`s høbyuils mcdkcb chlrhc flk h`b
hac fl ub "y`" sab ub "tú". Lb kuicr fl flharkl c ub galg nkaht`, kls s`kahat` qul k` chtúlb. \takaz` lk lspcha` pcrc lx
dr` fl ubc ncgakac qul hcgdal, kl fai` c `tr`, qul talbl ubc prlscr kc pr`xagafcf y kc fastcbhac, rlquaralbf` c k`s pchalb
rlkchaøb h`gpklglbtcrac saibanahctavc h`b lk praglr`, qul k` tls qul sl flspkchlb h`g` g`f` fl nchakatcr ` dk`qulcr kc
cyufl c hcgdacr, pulst` qul lk praglr` b` pulfl mchlrk` h`gubahchaøb y lk cnlht`.
s`k`. Lstc tãhtahc rlhurrl ck p`flr fl h`chhaøb gutuc flk Ml cprlbfaf` c flskabfcr c ga plrs`bc fl kc satuchaøb
3=? 3=3
\BA@B
\BA@B Q CH@G@FCGALB V@
3=4 3=8
f`k`r fl ub galgdr` fl kc ncgakac p`r slr lxhkuaf` ` utaka k`s g`f`s fl vafc fl ub s`halfcf lxtrcóc. Lk cbtr`pøk`i` prch
zcf` h`g` hmav` lgascra` y su pkchlr ck slr cgcf`, ck lxastar tahc kc `dslrvchaøb t`tck, gãs ckkã fl kc huck bcfc mcy ... sckv`
ubc flplbflbhac lb rlkchaøb h`b ák, ` fl `tr` g`f`, ck slr kc h`gpkltc cds`rhaøb flk `dslrvcf`r p`r pcrtl flk `djlt` fl
h`bnargcf` lb lk slb` fl kc ncgakac. Lk tlrcplutc rlh`b`hl sus `dslrvcha`bls". Ck gasg` talgp`, lk cbtr`pøk`i` sl flskaic
lk prlf`gaba` fl fltlrgabcf`s tlgcs ncgakacrls y pcrtahapc fl kc s`halfcf qul lstufac pcrc p`flr cbckazcrkc: "Tlckglbtl
jub
jubtcg
tcglbt
lbtll h`b
h`b k`
k`ss ga
galg
lgdr
dr`s
`s fl kc ncg
ncgaka
akacc lb su lxpk
lxpk`rc
`rchaøb
haøb.. p`flg`s h`gpr`dcr qul kc gasgc glbtl qul sl mc cdcbf`bc
Fldl sliuar su hcgab` fl kc h`gubahchaøb, flshudralbf` huã f` c kc lxplralbhac y qul sl mc fljcf` g`kflcr p`r ástc sl
kls s`b k`s qul lstãb cdalrt`s, huãkls s`b k`s qul lstãb pcr h`bvalrtl lb lk tlctr` fl `plrcha`bls glbtckls qul, cubqul b`
hackglbtl hlrrcf`s y huãkls lbtlrcglbtl dk`qulcf`s. Hucbf` supraglb kc lxplralbhac, kc trcbsn`rgcb fl t`f`s g`f`s lb ub
trcspcsc k`s ugdrckls ncgakacrls, fldl lstcr cklrtc cbtl k`s g`flk` qul sushatc `trcs `plrcha`bls glbtckls. Lb úktag` cbã
glhcbasg`s fl lstcdakafcf flk sastlgc. K`s hm`quls fl kc nc kasas, kc h`mlrlbhac køiahc fl lstcs `plrcha`bls glbtckls sl
gakac lb rlkchaøb h`b lk tlrcplutc h`bstatuylb k`s ncht`rls qul dcsc lb kc sabhlrafcf y m`blstafcf fl kc plrs`bc qul pulfl
kl plrgatlb h`b`hlr c kc ncgakac. Lstl pr`hls` b` pulfl slr flhar... 'y` lstuvl cmç'"'.
ubakctlrck: flk gasg` g`f` qul lk tlrcplutc sl ch`g`fc
Ck aiuck qul lk cbtr`pøk`i`, lk tlrcplutc fl ncgakac sl ubl
pcrc ubarsl c kc ncgakac, kc ncgakac tcgdaáb fldl ch`g`fcrsl pc
rc ubarsl c ák. c kc hukturc huy` lstufa` lbhcrc. Lb lk gasg` ratg` `shakcbtl,
sl kaic y flskaic fl lkkc. Lxplraglbtc kcs prlsa`bls flk sastl
Lb kcs fashusa`bls chlrhc fl kc tlrcpac b` sl cd`rfc h`b gc ncgakacr5 ck gasg` talgp`, `dslrvc lk sastlgc rlckazcbf`
nrlhulbhac kcs `plrcha`bls fl ch`g`fchaøb, yc qul sl kcs h`b flfuhha`bls qul kl plrgatlb trcbsn`rgcr su lxplralbhac lb
saflrc h`g` cki` `dva`. Cubqul sl kc h`bsaflrc blhlscrac, lk ub gcpc ncgaakcr lb lk qul dcsc sus `djltav`s tlrcpáutah`s,
plicglbt` qul ubl kc ncgakac y lk tlrcplutc c trcvás fl kc tl
kc h`gprlbsaøb y h`b`hagalbt` fl ubc ncgakac fl lstl g`f`
rcpac, ls c glbuf` aib`rcfc, galbtrcs sl cd`rfc k`s pr`hls`s
çbtag` y lxplraglbtck h`bstatuyl ub lklglbt` vatck fl kc tl
gãs frcgãtah`s fl rllstruhturchaøb. Lb ckiubcs `hcsa`bls, kc
`gasaøb ls flkadlrcfc. Guhm`s tlrcplutcs fl ncgakac prlnalrlb rcpac ncgakacr.
b` cbckazcr kcs táhbahcs fl ch`g`fchaøb p`rqul h`bsaflrcb qul Cubqul k`s gcpcs lstruhturckls y lk lbn`qul fl "juli` fl
cjlfrlz" qul utakazcg`s pcrc flshradar kc tlrcpac trcbsgatlb kc
s`b lsp`btãblcs
hcgp` y qul flk
fl h`b`hagalbt` h`btlrcplutc.
nrlhulbhacVlglb
plrgcblhlb nulrc flk
qul lk cbãkasas fl agprlsaøb fl qul lk tlrcplutc gcbapukc gcra`bltcs flsvc
kcs táhbahcs fl ch`g`fchaøb flk tlrcplutc pulfl abmadar su kafcs, kc rlckafcf fl kc tlrcpac ncgakacr ls t`tckglbtl fastabtc.
lsp`btcblafcf. V`f` cquák qul lgprlbfl ubc tlrcpac ncgakacr sl vl h`bstcb
Lb k` qul h`bhalrbl c ubc gcy`r pr`nubfazchaøb fl k`s tlglbtl agprlsa`bcf` p`r kc lb`rgl fanahuktcf qul lxastl pcrc
pr`hls`s fl ch`g`fchaøb, kc cbtr`p`k`içc pulfl slr fl ircb trcbsn`rgcr ub sastlgc ncgakacr. Kc ncgakac sl g`fanahc s`kc
cyufc. Lk cbtr`pøk`i` sl ubl c kc hukturc qul lstufac pcrc glbtl sa lk tlrcplutc mc k`ircf` abh`rp`rcrsl ck sastlgc fl
h`gprlbflr sudjltavcglbtl su lstruhturc. _crc k`ircrk`, sl ub g`f` sabtøbah` c ástl. Fldl ch`g`fcrsl c kc ncgakac l
iúb Klva-Xtrcuss, lk cbtr`pøk`i` sl ch`g`fc c lsc hukturc: abtlrvlbar fl ub g`f` qul kc ncgakac pulfc chlptcr. C fa
"Cdcbf`bcbf` su m`icr y su pcçs furcbtl plra`f`s pr`k`b nlrlbhac flk cbtr`pøk`i`, lk tlrcplutc abtlbtc g`fanahcr kc
icf`s . . . sab rlslrvcs glbtckls ` g`tav`s uktlra`rls, cf`ptc hukturc c kc qul sl ubl y fasp`bl fl kcs huckafcfls rlqulrç-
3=6 3=<
fcs pcrc k`ircrk`. _lr` sus gltcs, sus tãhtahcs y lstrctcilgcs sus pcutcs mcdatuckls. _`r ljlgpk`, fahl: "fagl, pcpa, °lb
flplbflb t`fcs flk pr`hls` fl ubaøb. hcrcs su chtatuf f`gabcbtl salbf` trcbquak` y h`gprlbsav`0"
Lb lk flscrr`kk` fl kc tlrcpac, kcs abtlrvlbha`bls nubfcglb Tlnulrzc lstl lbn`qul abtr`fuhalbf` ljlgpk`s fl su vafc plr
tckls flk tlrcplutc abtlbtcb flspkczcr ck sastlgc tlrcpáutah` s`bck: "gl hcsá h`b ubc gujlr va`klbtc fldaf` c qul s`y trcb
lb kc farlhhaøb fl kcs gltcs tlrcpáutahcs. _lr` lk tlrcplutc quak` y h`gprlbsav`".
tcgdaáb fldl rlsp`bflr c k`s lklglbt`s abglfact`s fl hcfc Lb kc ncgakac Xgatm (hcp. 1), lk tlrcplutc flshudrl qul lk
slsaøb. Lstcs rlspulstcs abglfactcs pulflb fashrlpcr h`b kcs sló`r Xgatm flslc h`btr`kcr lk h`btcht` h`b su lsp`sc. Hucb
gltcs nabckls flk trctcgalbt`, fldaf` c qul ubc rllstruhturc f` b` sl rlspltc lstc rlikc, lk sló`r Xgatm rlchha`bc h`b ubc
haøb lxat`sc rlqualrl c glbuf` lk cp`y` fl kcs lstruhturcs h`bfuhtc lxtrcóc, qul rlnulrzc ub h`btrct` ncgakacr qul lk
qul h`b lk talgp` pulflb vlrsl hulsta`bcfcs. Lb lnlht`, kc tlrcplutc abtlbtc flschrlfatcr. H`bslhulbtlglbtl, lk tlrcplutc
tlrcpac ls hckadrcfc lb f`s lshckcs tlgp`rckls fanlrlbtls. Lk rlspltc kcs pcutcs trcbschha`bckls lxastlbtls y vlranahc qul
pr`irls` fl kc ncgakac mchac kcs gltcs tlrcpáutahcs sl lvckúc hulbtc h`b lk plrgas` flk sló`r Xgatm pcrc lstcdklhlr lk h`b
h`g` k`s g`vagalbt`s c k` kcri` fl plra`f`s fl talgp` pr` tcht` tcbt` h`b kc sló`rc Xgatm h`g` h`b su maj`. Gãs tcrfl,
k`bicf`s. Kc ubaøb y lk lbnrlbtcgalbt` fl k`s pr`dklgcs ab hucbf` kc ubafcf tlrcpáutahc lstá glj`r h`bs`kafcfc, lvatc
glfact`s sl lvckúcb h`g` abtlrhcgda`s lsplhçnah`s qul sl pr` lstc lstruhturc h`b lk nab fl fasgabuar lk hcrãhtlr hlbtrck flk
fuhlb lb ubc slsaøb pcrtahukcr. Ls p`sadkl qul kcs táhbahcs fl pchalbtl aflbtanahcf`.
ubaøb b` salgprl farajcb c kc ncgakac lb kc farlhhaøb fl k`s Kcs `plrcha`bls fl gcbtlbagalbt` rlqualrlb c glbuf` kc
`djltav`s tlrcpáutah`s, plr` s`b lxat`scs lb kc glfafc lb qul h`bnargchaøb chtavc y lk cp`y` fl k`s sudsastlgcs ncgakacrls.
icrcbtahlb lk rlt`rb` fl kc ncgakac c kc slsaøb saiualbtl. \b tlrcplutc rlh`b`hl kc p`sahaøb ljlhutavc fl k`s pcfrls lb
Gcbtlbag
Gcbt albt`. Lk gcbtlbagalbt`
lbagalbt`. gcbtlbagalbt` sl rrlkcha`bc
lkcha`bc h`
h`bb kc táh ubc ncgakac hucbf` kls farail kcs praglrcs prliubtcs, hucbf`
bahc fl ch`g`fchaøb fl pr`p`rha`bcr ub cp`y` pr`ircgcf` rlspltc kc blhlsafcf fl kc ncgakac fl slr h`btchtcfc c trcvás
c kc lstruhturc ncgakacr, tck h`g` lk tlrcplutc kc plrhadl y cbc fl cquák flnabaf` h`g` h`bgutcf`r hlbtrck, ` hucbf` chlptc
kazc. Lk sastlgc pulfl slr gcbtlbaf` lb t`f`s k`s bavlkls, fls tlgp`rcracglbtl lk ltaqultcgalbt` flk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf`.
fl kc lstruhturc ncgakacr h`g` ub t`f` mcstc kcs hcrchtlrçs Hucbf` lk tlrcplutc chlptc kc flnabahaøb fl k`s høbyuils fl
tahcs fl k`s galgdr`s abfavafuckls. _`r ljlgpk`, hucbf` G`b su h`gpklglbtcrafcf, fasnrutc cdalrtcglbtl flk mug`r fl kc
tckv` trcdcjc h`b kc ncgakac I`rflb (hcp. 33), plrhadl guy ncgakac ` lxprlsc cnlht` mchac lkk`s, utakazc `plrcha`bls fl
pr`bt` lk abtlbs` kaflrczi` fl kc gcfrl y salbtl lk agpcht` gcbtlbagalbt`.
fl su absastlbhac lb gcbtlblrsl h`g` jlnl fl kc ncgakac y lb Lk tlrcplutc cp`yc k`s sudsastlgcs ncgakacrls hucbf` ckalb
h`btr`kcr kc h`gubahchaøb h`b sus maj`s. Fl lsl g`f`, lstc tc c k`s høbyuils c cp`ycrsl gutucglbtl ck lbhcrcr lk sudsas
dklhl h`btcht` h`b k`s maj`s c trcvás fl kc gcfrl, gcbtlbalbf` tlgc cf`klshlbtl. Vcgdaáb pulfl cp`ycr ub sudirup` cf`kls
kc lstruhturc ncgakacr. hlbtl lb ub sudsastlgc nrctlrb` cgpka`, rlh`glbfcbf` c k`s
Lk tlrcplutc pulfl `ptcr p`r gcbtlblr kcs pcutcs trcbsch maj`s glb`rls qul b` h`bhurrcb c fltlrgabcfcs slsa`bls `
ha`bckls lsplhanahcs fl ub sudsastlgc ncgakacr. Hucbf` Ymatc pr`p`rha`bãbf`kls juiultls cpchadkls pcrc qul juliulb h`b
elr mcdkc h`b lk sló`r y kc sló`rc F`ffs (hcp. 3? 3?)) chlrhc fl lkk`s galbtrcs mcdkc h`b k`s flgãs.
Kcs `plrcha`bls fl gcbtlbagalbt` rlqualrlb c glbuf` qul
kc h`gpklglbtcrafcf fl sus trcbschha`bls, cp`yc y lshkcrlhl
3=> 3=9
sl rctanaqul y cp`yl lk p`tlbhack y kc nulrzc fl ub abfavafu`, bckls glfacbtl kcs huckls k`s tlrcplutcs fabãgah`s y b` fa
` sl cnacbhl kc p`sahaøb fl ub galgdr` lb kc ncgakac. Lk tl rlhtav`s h`btr`kcb kc farlhhaøb y lk nkuj` fl kc h`gubahchaøb.
rcplutc pulfl h`glbtcr, p`r ljlgpk` hucb plrhlptav` ls ub \bc chhaøb pr`fuhafc lb ubc slsaøb fcfc tcgdaáb pulfl
rcstrlcrsl. _`r ljlgpk`, hucbf` G`btckv` `dslrvc ck pchalbtl
baó`qul
fc ck ub
flshradar
galgdr`ubcflsatuchaøb, flstchcr
kc ncgakac utakazø,ubc gltãn`rc
lbsckzcr cflhuc
kc køiahc fl aflbtanahcf` fl kc ncgakac H`rflb klylbf`, flscrr`kkc ubc tc
kc fashusaøb fl `trc plrs`bc ` lk`iacr kc mcdakafcf h`b kc qul rlc lb kc huck kc baóc kll y su gcfrl h`btr`kc su h`gpltlbhac
ckiub` lbnrlbtø ubc satuchaøb. _ulfl tcgdaáb hugpkaglbtcr lb kc klhturc. Lk rcstrl` fl kc chhaøb fl kc baóc ls cgpkacf`
ub bulv` plabcf` ` ubc dlkkc vlstaglbtc. Ymatcelr ls ub lx csç mcstc abhkuar ubc trcbschhaøb abtlrplrs`bck qul lxpk`rc kcs
plrt` lb lk cp`y` fl tck g`f` qul abhrlglbtc kcs p`sadakafc nubha`bls pcrlbtckls.
fls fl lxpcbsaøb flk y`. G`btckv` lxpk`rc ãrlcs fl h`gpl Lk rcstrl` flk h`btlbaf` fl kcs h`gubahcha`bls pulfl slr
tlbhac y `ricbazc tcrlcs qul cyufcb c k`s galgdr`s fl kc útak lb kc lxpk`rchaøb fl kc lstruhturc ncgakacr. _`r ljlgpk`,
ncgakac c flscrr`kkcr sus huckafcfls. Cgd`s tlrcplutcs s`b ub tlrcplutc qul trcdcjc h`b ubc ncgakac sugcglbtl cikuta
ilblr`s`s lb su cpr`dchaøb. bcfc `dslrvø ubc flhkcrchaøb flk pcfrl fl qul b` kl circ
Lb k`s lbtrlkczcgalbt`s fl kc tlrcpac, kcs `plrcha`bls fl fcdc hlrrcr kcs pulrtcs. Lk tlrcplutc h`glbzø c* rcstrlcr kcs
gcbtlbagalbt` pulflb flslgplócr ubc nubhaøb fl rllstruh agpkahcha`bls fl lstl mlhm`. C k`s baó`s, sl h`gpr`dø, bubhc
turchaøb. Hucbf` lk tlrcplutc cp`yc c ub sudsastlgc, `trcs sl kls plrgatçc hlrrcr kcs pulrtcs fl sus mcdatcha`bls. Lk baó`
pcrtls fl kc ncgakac pulflb vlrsl `dkaicfcs c rllstruhturcrsl fl falz có`s tlbçc su pr`pac mcdatchaøb, plr` p`r k` ilblrck
` ch`g`fcrsl c lstl cp`y`. Xa lk tlrcplutc cp`yc ck høbyuil f`rgçc lb kc mcdatchaøb fl su mlrgcbc gcy`r, nrlhulbtlglbtl
gãs fádak, lkk` h`bstatuyl ub plfaf` fl rllstruhturchaøb fa lb kc gasgc hcgc. Kc abtagafcf y kc vafc slxuck fl k`s høb
raiaf` ck gãs nulrtl. Xa sl cp`yc ck sudsastlgc pcrlbtck, lkk` yuils sl vlçcb rlstrabiafcs fldaf` c qul su pr`pac pulrtc
tlbfrã agpkahcha`bls rllstruhtúrckls pcrc lk sudsastlgc nrc bubhc sl hlrrcdc. Kc lxpk`rchaøb fl kc utakazchaøb ncgakacr fl
tlrb`. su lspcha` vatck y fl su utakazchaøb fl kcs pulrtcs sl h`bvartaø
lb ubc gltãn`rc fl kc hcrlbhac fl kçgatls hkcr`s . 4
3== 3=1
faltátahcs y chlrhc fl kcs rlikcs qul abvckafcb kcs klyls flk rcplutc h`g` k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac s`b, cbtls qul bcfc,
sãdcf` lb fltlrgabcfcs lglrilbhacs. Mcdkø h`b kc gcfrl slrls mugcb`s.
chlrhc fl kc cflhuchaøb fl slrvar s`pc h`g` praglr pkct`. Lb lk gcrh` flk sastlgc tlrcpáutah`, kcs `plrcha`bls gagá-
Fashutalr`b kc prlpcrchaøb flk d`rshm y sa sl fldçc ` b` abhkuar tahcs s`b p`r k` ilblrck agpkçhatcs y lsp`btãblcs. Lb kc nc
rlp`kk` ck aiuck qul rlg`kchmc. _crlhçc h`g` sa lk tlrcplutc gakac F`ffs (hcp. 3?), lk sló`r F`ffs julic h`b lk dldá
sl kagatcsl c rcstrlcr k`s abtlrlsls fl k`s pcfrls. _lr` galb galbtrcs lk tlrcplutc nugc ubc papc. Hucbf` lk tlrcplutc
trcs k`s pcfrls ckaglbtcr`b ck lxtrlgcfcglbtl abtlrlscf` tl h`galbzc c juicr h`b lk dldá, lk pcfrl lbhalbfl su papc. K`s
rcplutc h`b abn`rgchaøb, kc baóc h`gaø su ckgulrz`. Lk tlrc tlrcplutcs lxplraglbtcf`s rlckazcb `plrcha`bls gagátahcs sab
plutc mcdçc utakazcf` lk rcstrl` pcrc udahcrsl h`g` rlhlpt`r saqualrc plrhadark`. Lk sló`r Xgatm sl schc lk sch` y lbhalbfl
fl kc ctlbhaøb fl k`s pcfrls, rllgpkczcbf` c kc majc y h`bvar ub haicrrakk`. Lk tlrcplutc, qul kl pafl ub haicrrakk`, talbl
taábf`sl lb ub kçgatl lbtrl k`s pcfrls y kc majc. h`bhalbhac fl mchlrk` h`g` `plrchaøb gagátahc. _lr` b` tal
ltasg`. Lk gagltasg` ls ubc `plrchaøb mug
Gagltasg`.
Gag mugcbc
cbc ubavlr
ubavlr bl h`bhalbhac fl qul sl lstã schcbf` su pr`pa` sch`. Galbtrcs
sck. \bc gcfrl qul ckaglbtc c su dldá h`b ubc huhmcrc mcdkc h`b lk sló`r Xgatm, tcgdaáb sl rcshc kc hcdlzc fl ub
g`f` h`bnus` y flsgcócf`, qul k` pravc fl cut`rafcf l ab
h`galbzc
dldá cdrc p`r cdrar \bc
kc suyc. su pr`pac d`hc
plrs`bc qulgalbtrcs
mcdkc c abtlbtc qul lk
ub tcrtcguf` hrlglbtc su pcrlbtlsh` h`b lk h`bnus`, flsgcócf` pchalbtl.
fasgabuyl kc nkuaflz fl su mcdkc y pulfl h`glbzcr c tcrtc Ck aiuck qul `tr`s pr`hls`s fl ch`g`fchaøb, kcs `plrcha`
guflcr. Lk cgpka` lnlht` flk gagltasg` sl flgulstrc p`r bls gagátahcs pulflb slr utakazcfcs h`b nabls fl rllstruhtu
kc tlbflbhac fl k`s baó`s cf`ptcf`s c pcrlhlrsl c sus pcfrls rchaøb. Hucbf` lk tlrcplutc sl ubl ck sló`r Xgatm y ck sló`r
cf`ptav`s. F`ffs abhrlglbtcbf` su pcrlbtlsh`, lk p`flr fl cgd`s pc
\b tlrcplutc pulfl utakazcr lk gagltasg` pcrc ch`g`fcrsl halbtls sl abhrlglbtc.
c ub lstak` ncgakacr y c sus g`fckafcfls cnlhtavcs. Csç, cf`ptc K`s pr`hls`s fl ch`g`fchaøb y rllstruhturchaøb lstãb lb
lk ratg` ncgakacr fl h`gubahchaøb, fasgabuylbf` su ratg`, trlkczcf`s5 kc slpcrchaøb fl cgd`s h`bstatuyl ub rlhurs` pl
p`r ljlgpk`, lb ubc ncgakac mcdatucfc c pcuscs pr`k`bicfcs fciøiah`. _lr` søk` hucbf` k`s pr`hls`s fl ch`g`fchaøb, qul
y klbtcs rlspulstcs. Lb ubc ncgakac j`vack, csugl ubc chtatuf abh`rp`rcb kc mugcbafcf y kc hcpchafcf crtçstahc flk lbhulb
j`v
j`vack
ack y lxp
lxpcbs
cbsavc
avc.. Lb ubc ncgakac
ncgakac h`b ub lstak` h`crt
h`crtcf`,
cf`, sus tr` tlrcpáutah`, s`b fanlrlbhacf`s, ls p`sadkl lstufacrk`s y lb
h`gubahcha`bls sl mchlb lshcscs. slócrk`s. Lk tlrcplutc, lbt`bhls, pulfl cbckazcr su hcpchafcf
Lk tlrcplutc sl cslgljc c k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac lb pcrc ch`g`fcrsl, fl tck g`f` qul cuglbtl sus kçgatls cnlh
t`f`s k`s rcsi`s ubavlrsckls fl kc h`bfahaøb mugcbc. _`r k` tav`s y flscrr`kkl sus hcpchafcfls.
tcbt`, sl pkcbtlcrãb satucha`bls lb kcs qul talblb lxplralbhacs
h`gubls. Lk tlrcplutc pulfl p`blr lk chlbt` lb lkkcs pcrc
glzhkcrsl h`b kc ncgakac lb ubc `plrchaøb gagátahc. H`gu FACIB@XVAH@
bahcha`bls tckls h`g`: "gl hcsá h`b ubc gujlr va`klbtc", "s`y
ub lstufacbtl flk Vckguf", "sá k` qul qualrl flhar slr p`drl", Lb tlrcpac ncgakacr, lk facibøstah` ls kc mapøtlsas fl trcdc
"tlbi` f`s maj`s cf`klshlbtls", y "tlbac ubc tac h`g` lsc", nc j` qul lk tlrcplutc
tlrcplutc flsc
flscrr`
rr`kkc
kkc c pcrtar
pcrtar fl sus lxplralbha
lxplralbhacs
cs y
`dslrvcha`bls rlkcha`bcfcs h`b su pr`hls` fl ubaøb h`b kc
v`rlhlb lk slbtaf` fl pcrlbtlsh`, slóckcbf` qul tcbt` lk tl-
31? 313
ncgakac. Lstl tap` fl lvckuchaøb, h`b su n`h` abtlrplrs`bck, haøb y rllstruhturchaøb, tck h`g` k` rlvlkc kc g`fanahchaøb fl
fanalrl rcfahckglbtl flk pr`hls` mcdatuckglbtl flsaibcf` h` kcs ckacbzcs y h`ckaha`bls flk sastlgc y fl k`s sudsastlgcs
g` facibøstah` lb kc tlrgab`k`içc psaquaãtrahc. \b facibøstah` lb rlspulstc c kcs harhubstcbhacs hcgdacbtls.
psaquaãtrah`
lk pchalbtl yrlqualrl kc rlh`pakchaøb
kc ctraduhaøb fl fct`s
fl ub røtuk` fl ` chlrhc
ck h`gpklj` fl
fl abn`r- Lb tlrhlr
tlgc kuicr,
ncgakacr, su lk tlrcplutc lxcgabc
slbsadakafcf cbtl kcs kcchha`bls
rls`bcbhac flk sas
abfavafuckls
gchaøb csç rlubaf`. \b facibøstah` ncgakacr, p`r su pcrtl, rl fl k`s galgdr`s. V`fcs kcs ncgakacs `hupcb ub kuicr fltlr
qualrl kc ch`g`fchaøb flk tlrcplutc c kc ncgakac pcrc n`rgcr gabcf` lb ubc lshckc lbtrl lk cikutabcgalbt`, ` ubc slbsada
ub sastlgc tlrcpáutah` sliuaf` p`r su lvckuchaøb fl sus lx kafcf tcb lxtrlgc c kcs abtlrvlbha`bls fl hcfc ub` fl sus
plralbhacs fl kc abtlrchhaøb fl kc ncgakac lb lk prlslbtl. galgdr`s qul lk ugdrck pcrc kc chtavchaøb fl k`s glhcbasg`s
Lk lbn`qul fl kc ncgakac lb rlkchaøb h`b su pr`dklgc sl fl lstcdakafcf ls abcflhucfcglbtl dcj`, y lk flskaicgalbt`,
`ralbtc p`r k` ilblrck mchac lk abfavafu` y mchac lk pcscf`. ` ubc slbsadakafcf tcb rlfuhafc c kcs abtlrvlbha`bls fl sus
Kc ncgakac kklic c tlrcpac fldaf` ck sunragalbt` ` cb`gckçc galgdr`s qul lk ugdrck pcrc kc chtavchaøb fl k`s glhcbasg`s
fl ub galgdr`, lk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf`. Lk `djltav` fl fl lstcdakafcf ls abcflhucfcglbtl ckt`.
sus galgdr`s h`bsastl lb qul lk tlrcplutc hcgdal ck pchalbtl Lb hucrt` kuicr, lk tlrcplutc lxcgabc lk h`btlxt` fl vafc
aflbtanahcf`. _rltlbflb qul lk tlrcplutc hcgdal kc satuchaøb sab fl kc ncgakac, cbckazcbf` kcs nulbtls fl cp`y` y fl strlss lb
g`fanahcr sus pcutcs trcbschha`bckls mcdatuckls. Lb lnlht`, kc lh`k`içc fl kc ncgakac. Lb quabt` kuicr, lxcgabc lk lstcfa`
kc ncgakac rlqualrl ub rlt`rb` c kc satuchaøb tck h`g` lrc cb fl flscrr`kk` fl kc ncgakac y su rlbfagalbt` lb kcs tcrlcs
tls fl qul k`s sçbt`gcs flk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` kklicslb c cpr`pacfcs c lstl lstcfa`. Q, lb slxt` kuicr, lxpk`rc kcs n`r
slr agp`sadkls fl gcbljcr. gcs lb qul k`s sçbt`gcs flk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` s`b utaka
Lk tlrcplutc, sab lgdcri`, h`bsaflrc ck pchalbtl aflbtana zcf`s pcrc lk gcbtlbagalbt` fl kcs pcutcs prlnlrafcs p`r kc
hcf` sagpklglbtl h`g` lk galgdr` fl kc ncgakac qul lxprlsc, ncgakac.
flk g`f` gãs vasadkl, ub pr`dklgc qul cnlhtc ck sastlgc lb Lk facibøstah` lb kc tlrcpac ncgakacr sl k`irc c trcvás flk
su t`tckafcf. Lkk` b` saibanahc qul lk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` slc pr`hls` abtlrchha`bck fl ubaøb. Kc lstruhturc fl kc ncgakac,
arrlklvcbtl c kc tlrcpac. Tlqulrarã ubc ctlbhaøb pcrtahukcr. _lr` lk ircf` fl nklxadakafcf abmlrlbtl c lkkc, kc rls`bcbhac flk sas
kc ncgakac lb su t`tckafcf fldl slr lk dkcbh` fl kcs abtlrvlb tlgc y kc p`sahaøb flk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` s`b, t`f`s, lbtls
ha`bls tlrcpáutahcs. \b `djltav` flk pr`hls` fl facibøstah` abvasadkls qul søk` pulflb plrhadarsl c trcvás fl kc ch`g`fc
h`bsastl lb cgpkacr kc h`bhlptuckazchaøb flk pr`dklgc. Lk n`h` haøb flk tlrcplutc c lkk`s y su lxpk`rchaøb flk sastlgc. Lk faci
abfavafuck glfacbtl lk huck kc ncgakac mc h`bhlptuckazcf` y bøstah` fl kc ncgakac cpcrlhl lb lk gcpc ncgakacr. Xab lgdcri`,
lbhcrcf` lk pr`dklgc fldl slr cgpkacf` pcrc abhkuar kcs trcb h`g` lstl gcpc sl rlkcha`bc abtagcglbtl h`b kcs hcrchtlrçsta
schha`bls fl kc ncgakac lb su h`btlxt` mcdatuck. hcs fl kc afa`sabhrcsac tcbt` flk tlrcplutc h`g` fl kc ncgakac,
Ck lvckucr kcs trcbschha`bls fl kc ncgakac, lk tlrcplutc sl lk facibøstah` abhkuyl tcgdaáb lk g`f` lb qul kc ncgakac rls
h`bhlbtrc lb slas ãrlcs nubfcglbtckls: lb praglr kuicr, h`b p`bfl ck tlrcplutc.
saflrc kc lstruhturc fl kc ncgakac, sus pcutcs trcbschha`bckls _`r ljlgpk`, lk pcfrl fl ubc ncgakac rlckazc ub g`bøk`i`
prlnlradkls y kcs cktlrbctavcs fasp`badkls. Lb sliubf` kuicr, lb lk qul lxpkahc ckiub`s csplht`s fl kc vafc pcscfc fl ub`
lvckúc kc nklxadakafcf flk sastlgc y su hcpchafcf fl lkcd`rc- fl k`s baó`s qul, lb `pabaøb fl kc ncgakac, s`b kc hcusc fl
314 318
k`s pr`dklgcs chtuckls flk baó`. Lk tlrcplutc lshuhmc lstl gasgc ubc abtlrvlbhaøb gcsavc. Lk tlrcplutc fl ncgakac fldl
gctlrack mastørah`, plr` tcgdaáb `dslrvc qul lk pcfrl ls lk rlh`b`hlr su abnkulbhac lb lk hucfr` prlslbtcf` p`r kc nc
p`rtcv`z fl kc ncgakac y qul lk rlst` fl kc ncgakac ls guy gakac. B` pulfl `dslrvcr c kc ncgakac y rlckazcr ub facibøstah`
pcsav`. flsfl "cnulrc".
Lbt`bhls lxpk`rc. Suazã kl prliubtc c kc gcfrl su vlrsaøb Lk facibøstah` abtlrchha`bck sl g`fanahc h`bstcbtlglbtl c
fl k` qul prlslbtc lk pcfrl. Kc rlchhaøb fl kc ncgakac cbtl glfafc qul kc ncgakac csagakc ck tlrcplutc, sl ch`g`fc c ák,
lstc abfcichaøb h`bstatuyl `tr` lklglbt` lslbhack fl kc abn`r y rllstruhturc ` rlsastl kcs abtlrvlbha`bls rllstruhturcbtls. Lstc
gchaøb qul lk tlrcplutc rlh`il. Vckls lstufa`s fl kc `ric ls `trc fanlrlbhac lbtrl lstl tap` fl facibøstah` y lk facibøs
bazchaøb ncgakacr sushatcb ubc gabahrasas, qul pr`p`rha`bc fc tah` psaquaãtrah` stcbfcrf. \b facibøstah` abfavafuck ls ub
t`s vãkaf`s chlrhc fl kcs ãrlcs fl nklxadakafcf y k`s kçgatls fl røtuk` lstãtah`, qul p`bl lk chlbt` s`drl kcs hcrchtlrçstahcs
t`klrcbhac. psah`køiahcs gãs b`tcdkls flk abfavafu` l agpkahc qul lkkcs
Lk h`btlbaf` fl kcs h`gubahcha`bls fl ubc ncgakac c ub rlsastlb c k`s hcgda`s lb lk h`btlxt` s`hack. Lb kc tlrcpac fl
tlrcplutc, lb pcrtahukcr lb ub h`galbz`, lstã p`r k` ilblrck ncgakac, sl h`bsaflrc qul k`s abfavafu`s y kcs ncgakacs sl
huafcf`scglbtl `ricbazcf`
rãhtlr rçiaf` fldaf` y, c glbuf`,
c kcs nrlhulbtls mc csugaf`
rlpltaha`bls. ub hc
Xl trctc fl rlkcha`bcb
vlbtcjc fl yubhcgdacb fl chulrf`
facibøstah` h`brlkcha`bcf`
lv`kutav` su h`btlxt`h`bs`hack. Kc
lk h`b
ubc vlrsaøb `nahack fl k`s ch`btlhagalbt`s, qul pr`p`rha`bc ubc tlxt` h`bsastl lb lk mlhm` fl qul pr`p`rha`bc cplrturcs pcrc
abn`rgchaøb gçbagc ck tlrcplutc. Lk gctlrack qul lk tl kc abtlrvlbhaøb tlrcpáutahc. Lk facibøstah` y kc tlrcpac sl
rcplutc lxtrcl hucbf` sl cs`hac h`b kc ncgakac sl lbhulbtrc mchlb abslpcrcdkls.
dcj` ub h`btr`k h`ibatav` glb`r y, p`r k` ilblrck, s`gltaf` Lstl tap` fl facibøstah` ls tcgdaáb abslpcrcdkl fl kc pr`i
c ubc glb`r vaiakcbhac, pr`p`rha`bcbf` ub ctasd` fl kcs pcu b`sas. Kc fltlrgabchaøb fl k`s abtlrhcgda`s fl kc ncgakac fls
tcs trcbschha`bckls sudychlbtls. puás fl kc cs`hachaøb fl kc ncgakac h`b lk tlrcplutc rlvlkc
Lb halrt` slbtaf`, lk facibøstah` abtlrchha`bck sl k`irc c pcutcs trcbschha`bckls cktlrbctavcs qul pulflb aflbtanahcrsl
trcvás flk pr`hls` fl rlh`pakcr fanlrlbtls hkcsls fl abn`rgc h`g` saibanahctavcs lb lk hrlhagalbt` tlrcpáutah`. V`f` tap`
haøb. @ricbazcf` lb ubc slhulbhac køiahc lb tárgab`s fl sai fl facibøstah` ls, sagpklglbtl, ubc n`rgc fl fasp`blr fct`s.
banahchaøb flk gctlrack prlslbtcf`, k` qul kcs plrs`bcs fahlb Lk tlrcplutc fl ncgakac talbl kc vlbtcjc fl trcdcjcr h`b lk
ls agp`rtcbtl. Vcgdaáb k` s`b kcs h`gubahcha`bls b` vlrdc h`bhlpt` fl ub sastlgc fl plrs`bcs abtlrh`blhtcfcs qul sl
kls, h`g` lk t`b` fl v`z ` kcs vchakcha`bls nrlhulbtls. Lk `rflb abnkuylb gutucglbtl. _`r k` tcbt`, sa su fasp`sahaøb fl k`s
fl kcs `dslrvcha`bls plrgatl tcgdaáb `dtlblr ub gctlrack cfa fct`s k` kklvc c ub pr`dklgc abs`kudkl, dushc ub ãbiuk` fa
ha`bck: quaáb mcdkc y c qualb y huãbf`. Kuli` lk lstaguk` nlrlbtl rlkcha`bcf` h`b k`s gasg`s nlbøglb`s h`gpklj`s. _`r
flk tlrcplutc pr`p`rha`bc abn`rgchaøb chlrhc fl pcutcs trcb ljlgpk`, lk facibøstah` flk sló`r Xgatm h`g` abfavafu` cia
schha`bckls cktlrbctavcs, qul slóckcb kc nklxadakafcf fl kc `r tcf`, flpragaf`, pr`p`rha`bc ck psaquactrc qul k` trctc farlh
icbazchaøb ncgakacr hucbf` ástc sl g`vakazc lb lk h`btlxt` fl ha`bls kagatcfcs pcrc kc tlrcpac y ubc pr`ib`sas p`drl. Lk
kc slsaøb tlrcpáutahc. praglr y trcbsat`ra` facibøstah` flk tlrcplutc fl ncgakac
Lk agpcht` flk tlrcplutc s`drl kc ncgakac n`rgc pcrtl flk lb rlkchaøb h`b lk sló`r y kc sló`rc Xgatm h`g` pcrljc lb ab
facibøstah`. Kc abtr`fuhhaøb flk tlrcplutc h`bstatuyl lb sa tlrchhaøb ls lk fl qul kc sló`rc Xgatm blhlsatc kc cyufc flk
316 31<
sló`r Xgatm pcrc suplrcr sus pr`dklgcs slxuckls. Lk faci Lk h`btrct` tlrcpáutah` tcgdaáb lxpkçhatc kc k`içstahc fl kc
bøstah` ls tcb h`rrlht` y tcb pcrhack h`g` lk cbtlra`r, plr` tlrcpac. Lk trctcgalbt` pulfl rlckazcrsl lb lk h`bsukt`ra`, lb
talbl kc vlbtcjc fl h`bfuhar c ub cd`rfcjl t`tckglbtl fas kc hcsc, lb kc lshulkc, pulfl flspkczcrsl fl ub kuicr c `tr`.
tabt` flk trctcgalbt`, qul cyufc c kc ncgakac Xgatm. Lk
rls tlrcplutc pulfl rlstrabiarsl
` pulfl cyufcr c kc ncgakac clbk`ssuspr`dklgcs abtrcncgakac-
fanahuktcfls h`b `trcs
abstcbhacs. Lk h`btrct` tlrcpáutah` lsplhanahc kc nrlhulbhac
LK H@BVTCV@ VLTC_Á\VAH@ fl kcs slsa`bls, y furcbtl huãbt` talgp` sl lxtlbflrãb. V`f`s
\b lklglbt` lslbhack fl kc n`rgchaøb fl ub sastlgc tlrc lst`s tárgab`s pulflb g`fanahcrsl c glfafc qul kc tlrcpac
páutah` lstã h`bstatuaf` p`r lk chulrf` lb rlkchaøb h`b ub lv`kuha`bc, plr` flsfl lk h`galbz` sl fldl ckhcbzcr ub halr
h`btrct` tlrcpáutah`. Kc ncgakac flslc qul lk pr`dklgc qul t` ircf` fl h`gprlbsaøb.
prlslbtc slc rlsulkt` sab abtlrnlrlbhacs h`b sus pcutcs trcbsch
ha`bckls
ha`bc kls prlnlraf
prlnlrafcs.
cs. _lr` lk hcgda` flk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` fl
plbflrã pr`dcdklglbtl fl kc trcbsn`rgchaøb fl kc ncgakac. Lk \BA@B H@B K@X X\DXAXVLGCX
tlrcplutc fl ncgakac flscrr`kkc lk n`h` flk pr`dklgc pcrc ab
hkuar kcs abtlrchha`bls ncgakacrls, y lb kc gcy`r pcrtl fl k`s Lb ilblrck, kc ubaøb h`b ub sudsastlgc h`bstatuyl ubc ab
hcs`s ckiub`s csplht`s fl kcs abtlrchha`bls ncgakacrls sl h`b tlrvlbhaøb rllstruhturcbtl, fldaf` c qul `tr`s galgdr`s fl
vlrtarãb lb `djltav`s fl kc tlrcpac. H`bslhulbtlglbtl, kc nc kc ncgakac fldlb rlcirupcrsl pcrc cds`rdlr lk agpcht` fl kc
gakac y lk tlrcplutc fldlb k`ircr ub chulrf` lb k` qul h`b ckacbzc flk p`flr`s` tlrcplutc h`b `tr` sudsastlgc. Xab lg
halrbl c kc bcturcklzc flk pr`dklgc y k`s `djltav`s flk hcgda`. dcri`, kc táhbahc flplbfl tcgdaáb fl kc mcdakafcf flk tlrc
Ls p`sadkl qul kcs hcrchtlrçstahcs fl lstl h`btrct` b` lstáb plutc lb k` qul h`bhalrbl ck ch`g`fcgalbt` y ck rlcsliur`
flnabafcs h`b hkcrafcf, plr`, fl t`fcs gcblrcs, fldl lstcr prl fl k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac.
slbtl. Lb ub praglr g`glbt`
g`glbt` y fl slr blhlscra`
blhlscra`,, pulfl Xlr Hucbf` lk tlrcplutc trcdcjc h`b ubc ncgakac, sl cs`hac c k`s
guy kagatcf`, plr` sl flscrr`kkcrã y hcgdacrã h`b lk talgp`. fanlrlbtls sudsastlgcs lb fanlrlbtls n`rgcs, ch`g`fãbf`sl c
Ck aiuck qul lk facibøstah`, lv`kuha`bc c glfafc qul kc tl kcs pcutcs fl abtlrhcgda` abtlrbcs fl hcfc ub`, c su lstak`,
rcpac pr`irlsc. cnlht` y klbiucjl. _`r ljlgpk` lk klbiucjl, blhlsafcfls y slb
Lk h`btrct` pkcbtlc ubc pr`glsc fl cyufc pcrc kc ncgakac tagalbt`s fl k`s cf`klshlbtls s`b guy fanlrlbtls fl k`s fl
h`b lk pr`dklgc qul mc trcçf` c tlrcpac. Xa lb ub praglr k`s baó`s gãs plquló`s. Ckiub`s tlrcplutcs fl ncgakac talb
g`glbt` kc cgpkachaøb flk n`h` b` ls p`sadkl, lk h`btrct` flb c ch`g`fcrsl c k`s cfukt`s fl )c ncgakac, lb fltraglbt` fl
pul
pulfl
fl rlfuharsl ck pr`dkl
pr`dklgc
gc "Çbfahl: k` cyufcrá h`b J`l". k`s baó`s. Lb ckiub`s hcs`s, lkk` pulfl justanahcrsl fldaf` c qul
_r`bt`, sab lgdcri`, su cgpkatuf sl abhrlglbtcrã: "ustlf talbl k`s pcfrls talblb gãs p`flr y s`b gãs cpt`s pcrc h`bstatuarsl
ub pr`dklgc pcrc fashapkabcr c sus maj`s5 k` cyufcrá tcgdaáb lb abstbaglbt`s bcturckls fl kc rllstruhturchaøb fl kc ncgakac.
h`b lsl pr`dklgc*'. Nabckglbtl, lk h`btrct` pulfl cdcrhcr ub _lr` lb `trcs `hcsa`bls kc hcusc fl lstl lbn`qul ls, lb rlcka
ãrlc t`tckglbtl bulvc: "ustlf y su lsp`sc talblb chtatufls fcf, kc hcrlbhac fl mcdakafcf flk tlrcplutc pcrc ch`g`fcrsl
t`tckglbtl fanlrlbtls lb k` qul sl rlnalrl c kc lfuhchaøb fl lb rlkchaøb h`b baó`s lb fanlrlbtls ltcpcs fl flscrr`kk`.
sus maj`s. Fldlrlg`s lxpk`rcr lstl ãrlc lb h`bjubt`**. C glbuf`, ub baó` plquló` rlsp`bfl c prliubtcs cdstrcl-
31> 319
tcs qul kl pkcbtlc ub lxtrcó` fahalbf` "b` sá" h`b ubc rls dr`s fl kc ncgakac abmadarã sab fufc lk flspkaliul fl k`s sl
pulstc g`b`sakãdahc. Ls p`sadkl qul garl c sus pcfrls, lspl hrlt`s y ncbtcsgcs ncgakacrls, plr` lb ckiubcs harhubstcbhacs
rcbf` qul lkk`s rlsp`bfcb lb su kuicr y qul, ck glb`s, kl lk trcdcj` h`b sudsastlgcs slpcrcf`s h`bstatuyl ub rlhurs`
pr`p`rha`blb ubc suilrlbhac b` vlrdck chlrhc fl høg` rls rllstruhturcf`r sugcglbtl útak. Lb kcs ncgakacs sugcglbtl ciku
p`bflr. Lkk` pulfl fldlrsl c qul lk baó` rlsp`bfl lb n`rgc tabcfcs, p`r ljlgpk`, kc fldakafcf fl k`s kagatls fl ub sastl-
flnlbsavc, plr` tcgdaáb c qul kc prliubtc nul n`rgukcfc lb gc h`b lklvcfc rls`bcbhac ls pct`iábah`. Lb kc ncgakac h`b
ub "klbiucjl cfukt`" ` flgcsacf` cdstrcht`, abcflhucf` h`b pulrtcs cdalrtcs, kc rllstruhturchaøb sl dcsø lb kc flnabahaøb
lk bavlk fl flscrr`kk` h`ibatav` flk baó`. fl hkcr`s kçgatls ckrlflf`r flk lsp`s` y fl kc lsp`sc y ckrlfl
\b tlrcplutc fl ncgakac fldl slr hcpcz fl ch`g`fcrsl ck f`r fl kc majc cf`klshlbtl, k` qul plrgataø ub halrt` flscrr`kk`
klbiucjl flk baó`. Lb kc slsaøb h`b kc ncgakac F`ffs, kc `pl fl kc abtagafcf fl cgd`s sudsastlgcs.
rchaøb fl ubaøb gãs abtlbsc flk tlrcplutc sl pr`fuhl hucbf` Lb ubc ncgakac lb kc qul k`s lsp`s`s sl ctchcdcb h`bs
abtlbtc lstcdklhlr h`btcht` h`b lk dldá fl falz glsls. C tck tcbtlglbtl lb h`bnkaht`s hrlhalbtls, qul sl fltlbçcb søk` hucb
lnlht`, sl salbtc lb lk pas` y kl mchl h`squakkcs. Lk mug`r f` k`s pcfrls sl ubçcb pcrc chuscr c ub` fl k`s maj`s cf`kls
fl kc ncgakac
tanahcf` hcgdac lb
sl h`bvalrtl y kckcgcfrl
gcfrlchuscf`rc
`riukk`sc flk
flk pchalbtl aflb
nlkaz y chtav` hlbtls,
pafalbf`lk ctlrcplutc puf`
k`s pcfrls qulg`fanahcr lstc satuchaøb
trcaicb s`kcglbtl c k`sfasnubha`bck
trls maj`s
baó`. Lxastl ub blt` abhrlglbt` flk slbtaf` fl chlptchaøb y glb`rls fl slas. Furcbtl trls slsa`bls, lk tlrcplutc, k`s pc
cp`y` lbtrl k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac. Lb kc ncgakac I`rflb, frls y k`s baó`s sl slbtcr`b lb lk sulk` y h`bstruylr`b t`rrls
hucbf` lk tlrcplutc lstcdklhl lk h`btcht` abahack h`b ub baó` y cut`s fl hcrrlrc. Lb prlslbhac fl k`s glb`rls nul p`sadkl
csustcf`, utakazcf` h`g` hmav` lgascra`, rlhurrl ck h`bhrlt` abtr`fuhar ub cp`y` gutu` lbtrl k`s pcfrls, agp`sadkl fl k`
klbiucjl fl k`s ilst`s. "°Lk nuli` lrc csç fl ircbfl00, mchl ircr lb lk irup` prlva`.
lk ilst`, "°` csç fl ircbfl0". _crc k`ircr qul lk cbiustacf`
baó` rlsp`bfc, saiul pkcbtlcbf` prliubtcs qul rlqualrlb søk` Hucbf` kc tlrcpac sl abahac, lk tlrcplutc abvatc c t`f`s k`s
ub "sç" ` ub "b`". \bc vlz qul Gcbfy mc rlsp`bfaf` trls galgdr`s fl ub m`icr c h`bhurrar c kcs slsa`bls. Xa scdl qul
` huctr` vlhls, lk tlrcplutc sl crralsic c pkcbtlcr ubc prl sl trctc fl ubc ncgakac lxtlbsc, abhkuyl c k`s cdulk`s. Xa mcy
iubtc qul rlqualrl ubc flshraphaøb. Cuglbtc ircfuckglbtl kc ckiúb `tr` cfukt` rlkcha`bcf` lb n`rgc saibanahctavc h`b ubc
h`gpkljafcf fl su klbiucjl. H`b lk baó` pcrlbtck, utakazc lk ncgakac lb kc qul lxastl søk` ubc naiurc pctlrbc, abtlbtc lstc
h`btcht` h`rp`rck y kc durkc pcrc k`ircr qul lk baó` trcbsgatc dklhlr h`btcht` h`b lsc plrs`bc. X`kahatc c kc ncgakac qul chu
lb su hcsc su glbscjl rllstruhturcbtl qul slóckc qul lk baó` fc h`b t`f`s k`s maj`s, abhkuylbf` c k`s gãs plquló`s, c kcs
pcrlbtck fldl fljcr k` qul h`rrlsp`bfl c kc gcfrl lb gcb`s slsa`bls abahackls. Xus `dslrvcha`bls fl t`fc kc ncgakac cyu
fl ástc. "Lstãs `hupcf`, padl", kl fahl, "flgcsacf` `hupcf`". fcb ck tlrcplutc c aflbtanahcr k`s fanlrlbtls g`f`s lb qul k`s
Kc utakazchaøb fl fanlrlbtls sudsastlgcs ncgakacrls pulfl slr fanlrlbtls galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac pcrtahapcb lb lk gcbtlba
ubc táhbahc útak. Ckiub`s tlrcplutcs fl ncgakac s`stalblb qul galbt` fl pcutcs trcbschha`bckls fasnubha`bckls. Vcgdaáb pr`
lk trctcgalbt` fldl rlckazcrsl lb prlslbhac fl t`f`s k`s galg p`rha`bc lklglbt`s pcrc lvckucr lk p`flr rlkctav` fl k`s fanl
dr`s fl kc ncgakac, pcrc p`flr k`ircr csa h`gubahcha`bls cdalr rlbtls galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac pcrc lnlhtucr ` pcrc rlsastar
tcs. Lk trcdcj` lxhkusavcglbtl lb prlslbhac fl t`f`s k`s galg- hcgda`s lb lk slb` fl kc ncgakac. Fasp`balbf` fl lstcs `d-
31= 311
slrvcha`bhs, lk tlrcplutc pulfl h`btchtcr lstrctáiahcglbtl h`b h`bjubtc pcrc abtlbtcr ubc g`fanahchaøb fl lstc pcutc trcb-
fltlrgabcf`s sudsastlgcs ncgakacrls, lxhkuylbf` `tr`s. schha`bck. _`r ljlgpk`, lk tlrcplutc kl csaibc c kc gcfrl H`r-
Kc abhkusaøb y kc lxhkusaøb fl k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac flb kc tcrlc fl lbslócr ck baó`, ck qul mc utakazcf` h`g`
lb kc ubafcf tlrcpáutahc lb hurs` h`bstatuylb ubc lstrctliac hmav`
lb kc lgascra`,
qul t`f`slkk`sg`f` fl lbhlbflr
galgdr`s nøsn`r`s.lstãb
fl kc ncgakac Lb kc slsaøb,
prlslbtls,
sugcglbtl útak pcrc lxpk`rcr kc n`rgc lb qul nubha`bcb k`s
sudsastlgcs lb h`btlxt`s hcgdacbtls. Csç, ub baó` pcrlbtck lstcdklhl ub kçgatl qul lvatc qul k`s `tr`s trls baó`s abtlr
pulfl slr `dlfalbtl hucbf` sus pcfrls lstãb prlslbtls y h`b nalrcb lb lk flscrr`kk` fl ubc rlkchaøb gcfrl-pchalbtl circ
vlrtarsl lb ub fásp`tc hucbf` sl `hupc flk sudsastlgc nrc fcdkl.
tlrb`. Kc gcfrl, qul sl flslgplóc lb n`rgc lnahcz nrlbtl c Lb ckiub`s hcs`s, kc chtavafcf fl ub galgdr` abcflhucfc
sus maj`s, pulfl fljcr fl mchlrk` lb prlslbhac fl su pr`pac glbtl hlbtrck fl kc ncgakac pulfl slr hlrhlbcfc lb lk gcrh`
gcfrl. \b baó` qul ls pr`tliaf` p`r su gcfrl pulfl h`b fl ubc slsaøb. Lk tlrcplutc pulfl dk`qulcr su chhaøb p`balb
vlrtarsl lb hmav` lgascra` lb lk sudsastlgc nrctlrb`. Lb nc f` lk chlbt` lb su pr`pac chtavafcf. _ulfl lbvacr ck galgdr`
gakacs h`b guhm`s maj`s lk sudsastlgc nrctlrb` sl sudfavafl hlbtrck nulrc fl kc mcdatchaøb pcrc qul `dslrvl kc slsaøb fl
cub gãs, lk lbhulbtr` h`b k`s pcfrls y h`b k`s fanlrlbtls sud- trãs fl ub vafra` h`b vasaøb ubakctlrck. @, sagpklglbtl, pulfl
irup`s nrctlrb`s prlslbtc pcb`rcgcs sugcglbtl fanlrlbtls fl cuglbtcr kc fastcbhac lbtrl lstl galgdr` y lk rlst` fl kc
kcs pcutcs trcbschha`bckls fl kc ncgakac. ncgakac hcgdacbf` kc fasp`sahaøb fl k`s csalbt`s fl tck g`f`
Lb lk hcs` fl ckiubcs ncgakacs, lk tlrcplutc trcdcjc salg qul su pcrtahapchaøb sl vlc kagatcfc. Ls p`sadkl, lbt`bhls, qul
prl h`b lk irup` t`tck. Lb `trcs, slklhha`bc ck irup` qul lb k`s pr`hls`s qul lb `trcs harhubstcbhacs mudalslb plrgcblhaf`
su `pabaøb ls lk gãs cflhucf`, cktlrbcbf` h`b fanlrlbtls iru `hukt`s cpcrlzhcb.
p`s lb nubhaøb fl kc fabãgahc lb hurs`. Lb ilblrck, lk tlrc Lk tlrcplutc pulfl chtucr h`g` ub flkablcf`r fl kçgatls
plutc fldl pr`tlilr kc abtagafcf fl k`s høbyuils fl kc ab flbtr` fl kc ncgakac, cs`haãbf`sl c ub sudsastlgc fl kc nc
trusaøb. Hucbf` trcdcjc h`b ncgakacs h`b maj`s cf`klshlbtls, gakac y lxhkuylbf` c `tr`s lb lk trcbshurs` fl kcs slsa`bls
lk tlrcplutc pulfl rlckazcr slsa`bls abfavafuckls h`b hcfc rlckazcfcs h`b kc ncgakac lb su t`tckafcf. _`r ljlgpk`, pulfl
cf`klshlbtl, k` qul kl plrgatl lxpk`rcr flslbkchls p`sadkls lb hrlcr harhuat`s il`irãnah`s qul nchakatcb kc h`gubahchaøb søk`
n`rgc cutøb`gc y lstcdklhlr ubc rlkchaøb h`b ub cfukt` lxtrc- lbtrl ckiub`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac. V`fcs lstcs abtlrvlb
ncgakacr saibanahctav`, k` qul b` slrçc p`sadkl flbtr` flk gcr ha`bls lb sudsastlgcs s`b útakls tcgdaáb h`g` lxpk`rcha`bls
h` flk irup` ncgakacr t`tck. flbtr` flk gcrh` flk pr`hls` fl facibøstah`.
Lk trcdcj` h`b fanlrlbtls sliglbt`s fl kc ncgakac pulfl slr
ubc táhbahc rllstruhturcbtl. _`r ljlgpk`, lk tlrcplutc pulfl
favafar c k`s galgdr`s fl ubc h`ckahaøb. _ulfl vlr c f`s \BA@B Q TLLXVT\HV\TCHAØB
galgdr`s fl ubc ncgakac qul mcb n`rgcf` ubc h`ckahaøb ls-
tcdkl lb lk trcbshurs` fl vcracs slsa`bls sab kc prlslbhac flk Kc slpcrchaøb lbtrl ubaøb y rllstruhturchaøb h`bstatuyl ubc
galgdr` ck qul mcb lbnrlbtcf`, flscrr`kkcbf` csç ubc rlkc fastabhaøb crtanahack, qul b` hcrchtlrazc ck flspkaliul bcturck
haøb qul b` rlqualrl ubc h`ckahaøb h`btrc bcfal. K`s galg fl kc tlrcpac. Kc ubafcf tlrcpáutahc sl lbhulbtrc lb h`btabu`
dr`s mcdatuckglbtl lbnrlbtcf`s pulflb slr vast`s lb n`rgc g`vagalbt`, y lk pr`hls` fl "ubaøb, lxpk`rchaøb, `dslrvchaøb,
4?? 4?3
lkcd`rchaøb fl ub. h`btrct` tlrcpáutah` y pr`fuhhaøb flk hcg nulrc fl kc prlslbhac flk tlrcplutc, rlqualrlb hcgda`s lspl
da` sl pr`fuhl h`bstcbtlglbtl lb ubc slhulbhac lb hcklaf`s hçnah`s lb kc `ricbazchaøb ncgakacr. Lk tlrcplutc `shakc lbtrl
h`pa`. _`r ljlgpk`, lk flscrr`kk` flk facibøstah` fl ubc nc kc p`sahaøb fl h`gpr`gas` tçpahc flk lbn`qul lxastlbhack y kc
gakac n`rgc pcrtl flk pr`hls` fl ubaøb, plr` ls p`sadkl qul p`sahaøb flskaicfc flk lxplrt`. Xab lgdcri`, t`fcs lstcs ls
lb lk gcrh` fl kc tlrcpac ubc abtlrvlbhaøb rllstruhturcbtl hulkcs rlprlslbtcb lb gcy`r glfafc ubc p`sturc tlørahc qul
pulfc flscrr`kkcrsl h`b cbtlra`rafcf c kc n`rgukchaøb fl ub ubc h`bfuhtc rlck flk tlrcplutc. Lsc h`bfuhtc pulfl fanlrar
facibøstah` tlbtctav`. lb ircb glfafc fl kc p`sahaøb tlørahc gcbanalstc flk tlrcplutc.
Lk lbtrlkczcf` qul lxastl lbtrl lk ch`g`fcgalbt` y kc rl
lstruhturchaøb ls abtlrlscbtl y h`gpklj`. Abhkus`, ls p`sadkl
hkcsanahcr c k`s tlrcplutcs fl ncgakac fl chulrf` h`b su utaka
zchaøb h`bnlsc fl kcs `plrcha`bls fl ch`g`fchaøb y rllstruh
turchaøb. Lb lk irup` "trcbsnlrlbhacN, b` sl h`bsaflrc qul lk
tlrcplutc sl ubc c kc ncgakac. K`s pr`hls`s fl ch`g`fchaøb
s`b h`bsaflrcf`s h`g` ubc pcrtl abhaflbtck fl kc tlrcpac,
qul sl fldl h`btr`kcr søk` sa kklicb c slr h`btrctrcbsnlrlbhackls.
Xl h`bsaflrc qul lk pr`hls` fl rllstruhturchaøb fl kc nc
gakac sl pr`fuhl h`g` rlsuktcf` fl kcs abtlrprltcha`bls flk
tlrcplutc ‖su chhaøb s`drl kc ncgakac c pcrtar fl ubc p`sahaøb
flskaicfc. Lk tlrcplutc sl lbhulbtrc lb ubc p`sahaøb lxtlra`r,
garcbf` mchac cflbtr`.
Lb lk irup` "lxastlbhack", sl h`bsaflrc qul lk tlrcplutc y
kc ncgakac sl ch`g`fcb gutucglbtl. Xl palbsc qul lk hcg
da` lb kc ncgakac sl pr`fuhl h`g` rlsuktcf` fl lstc ch`g`
fchaøb gutuc, y p`r k` tcbt` sl lsplrc qul lk flscrr`kk` slrã
ilbárah` y b` lsplhanah`. Xl flshckanahc c kcs `plrcha`bls y
lstrctliacs fl rllstruhturchaøb h`g` gcbapukcf`rcs h abmadaf`
rcs flk flscrr`kk`. Lk tlrcplutc `plrc flsfl lk abtlra`r, sab
flskaicrsl.
Lb lk lbn`qul "lstruhturcr, sl h`bsaflrc qul cgd`s tap`s
fl `plrchaøb s`b lslbhackls pcrc kc tlrcpac. K`s pr`hls`s fl
ch`g`fchaøb s`b `plrcha`bls lsplhçnahcs, glfacbtl kcs huckls
lk tlrcplutc k`irc ub h`b`hagalbt` sudjltav` fl kcs g`fckafc
fls fl abtlrhcgda` fl kc ncgakac y sl udahc c sç gasg` h`g`
lk kçflr flk sastlgc tlrcpáutah`. Kcs `plrcha`bls rllstruhturcb
tls, qul pulflb abhkuar kc rlckazchaøb fl tcrhcs lb lk m`icr
4?4 4?8
4?6 4?<
chtav`s maj`s prhcf`klshhbtls. Lk tlrcplutc b` k`irc h`bfuhar fanlrlbtls gcblrcs, fl chulrf` h`b su pr`pac plrs`bckafcf y
kcs slsa`bls lb lk gcrh` fl kc hcøtahc chtavafcf fl kc ncgakac, rlhurs`s, csç h`g` k`s fl hcfc ncgakac qul trctc.
p`r k` huck h`galbzc c agp`blr h`btr`kls c k`s baó`s, csu
galbf` kcs nubha`bls pcrlbtckls lb kc ncgakac. H`gpklglbtcb
f` lb kuicr fl trcdcjcr pcrc k`ircr kc rllstruhturchaøb, ls HC_VCT KCX _C\VCX VTCBXCHHA@BCKLX
cds`rdaf` p`r lk sastlgc ncgakacr. Kc gcfrl hlfl p`r h`g FL KC NCGAKAC
pklt` su lshcs` f`gaba` s`drl k`s baó`s, flplbfalbf` flk
tlrcplutc mcstc tck pubt` qul, pcrc k`ircr qul kc ncgakac pulfc Cubqul lk tlrcplutc fldl gcbtlblr su p`sahaøb fl kaflrcz
sliuar nubha`bcbf`, ák fldl flslgplócr kcs nubha`bls pcrlb i`, fldl lvatcr lk plkair` fl su p`sahaøb, ls flhar lk ralsi`
tckls cflgãs fl `trcs nubha`bls ljlhutavcs. fl hlbtrckazcr lb lxhls` lk flscrr`kk` s`drl su plrs`bc. Kcs
ncgakacs chuflb c tlrcpac s`kahatcbf` cyufc fl ub lxplrt`.
Xøk` c pcrtar fl ubc p`sahaøb fl kaflrczi` lk tlrcplutc Lsplrcb mcdkcr cbtl ák y slr ch`bsljcf`s p`r ák. _`r k` tcbt`,
pulfl gcbtlblr sus p`sadakafcfls fl gcba`drcs tlrcpáutahcs talbflb c faraiarsl lxhkusavcglbtl c su plrs`bc, flshradalbf`
y su kadlrtcf pcrc gcbapukcrsl c sç gasg` y pcrc gcbapukcr
c kc ncgakac. Hucbf` sl kc cpkahc c kc tlrcpac, kc pckcdrc "gc kc Xasatuchaøb tck h`g`
lk tlrcplutc kc vlb. lstc tlbflbhac, kc slsaøb pulfl
b` h`btr`kc
bapukchaøb" pkcbtlc pr`dklgcs, fldaf` c su h`bb`tchaøb blicta flscrr`kkcrsl fl g`f` lb lk qul ák `hupl salgprl kc p`sahaøb
vc. _lr` kcs ncgakacs chuflb c tlrcpac fldaf` c qul sunrlb y bl hlbtrck, cubqul plrgcblzhc lb saklbha`. V`f` pulfl faraiarsl
hlsatcb cyufc. Kcs ncgakacs h`b lsqulgcs fasnubha`bckls hrø c ák y g`fanahcrsl lb h`bslhulbhac. Ls p`sadkl qul sl vlc
bah`s søk` pulflb slr cyufcfcs sa sl g`fanahcb ls`s lsqulgcs. csç agpkahcf` lb facfcs suhlsavcs, abhcpcz fl flskaicrsl pcrc
Lk sunragalbt` pulfl slr rlfuhaf` søk` hucbf` lk nubha`bc p`flr `dslrvcr. H`g` h`bslhulbhac fl lkk`, kc slsaøb pulfl
galbt` fl kc ncgakac glj`rc. Kc tcrhc flk tlrcplutc h`bsastl lb slr faraiafc fl chulrf` h`b sus pr`pacs sup`saha`bls y prl
gcbapukcr lk sastlgc ncgakacr pcrc k`ircr lk hcgda` dushcf`. slbtagalbt`s. @ pulfl sliuar kcs farlhha`bls najcfcs p`r lk
Fldl slr hcpcz fl rlckazcr jubtcglbtl h`b kc ncgakac `plrc galgdr` fl kc ncgakac gãs chtav` lb lk h`btlxt` fl kc slsaøb
ha`bls qul nchakatlb kc lv`kuhaøb. Lk h`btrct` tlrcpáutah` fldl tlrcpáutahc. Kcs trcbschha`bls qul csç sl sushatcb pulflb slr
rlh`b`hlr kc p`sahaøb flk tlrcplutc h`g` ub lxplrt` lb kc guy fanlrlbtls fl kcs trcbschha`bls b`rgckls fl kc ncgakac.
gcbapukchaøb lxplraglbtck s`hack. @tr` plkair` ls lk fl qul kc slsaøb sl rlstrabjc c kcs fls
Lxastlb p`r k` glb`s saltl hctli`rçcs fl `plrcha`bls rlls- hrapha`bls fl kc ncgakac, fldaf` c qul kcs pcutcs trcbschha`
truh-turcbtls: lk hcptcr kcs pcutcs trcbschha`bckls fl kc ncgakac, bckls rlckls fl ubc ncgakac pulflb slr t`tckglbtl flsh`b`
lk slóckcgalbt` fl k`s kçgatls, lk chrlhlbtcgalbt` flk strlss, hafcs p`r lkkc. _ulflb flshradar lb n`rgc lshrupuk`sc lk g`f`
kc csaibchaøb fl tcrlcs, kc utakazchaøb fl k`s sçbt`gcs, kc gc lb qul h`bsaflrcb (pal sl rlkcha`bcb lbjrl sç, sab h`gprlbflr
bapukchaøb flk mug`r y lk cp`y`, lfuhchaøb ` iuçc. Lstc kastc qul sus pcutcs trcbschha`bckls s`b, lb rlckafcf, t`tckglbtl
b` ls lb cds`kut` lxmcustavc, y b` cdcrhc kcs gúktapkls vc fastabtcs. _crc `dtlblr ubc flshraphaøb vlrfcflrc, lk tlrcplutc
racha`bls fltlrgabcfcs p`r lk lstak` abfavafuck fl k`s tlrc fldl ar gãs ckkã fl kc cut`flshraphaøb vlrdck fl kc ncgakac.
plutcs y fl kcs ncgakacs-hkalbtls. V`f` tlrcplutc prlnalrl ck H`bslhulbtlglbtl, lk tlrcplutc plrgcblhl vaiakcbtl cbtl
iubcs táhbahcs lb gcy`r glfafc qul `trcs, y kcs utakazc fl k`s abfaha`s b` vlrdckls qul h`bnargcb ` h`btrcfahlb k` qul
4?> 4?9
kc ncgakac kl fahl. V`fc h`gubahchaøb ls salgprl rln`rzcfc, hac c hlbtrckazcr lb lk tlrcplutc y cyufc c k`s galgdr`s fl kc
hckanahcfc ` blicfc p`r lk h`btlxt` abtlrplrs`bck fl kc trcb ncgakac c lxplraglbtcr sus pr`pacs trcbschha`bls h`b ubc gc
schhaøb. Kc ncgakac Xgatm h`bstatuyl ub ljlgpk` akustrctav` fl y`r h`bhalbhac. Flsfl lk pubt` fl vastc flk tlrcplutc, tcg
daáb cyufc c vlr c k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac lb chhaøb. Xøk`
lstc
Xgatmprlslbtchaøb fl fct`s
sl quljc p`rqul su lb gúktapkls
gcraf` ls ubcbavlkls.
plrs`bc Kc hckkcfc.
sló`rc lbt`bhls pulfl h`glbzcr c h`gprlbflr kc lstruhturc ncgakacr
_lr` h`bstcbtlglbtl k` abtlrrugpl y kl agp`bl saklbha` hucb qul sudychl c kc h`bfuhtc afa`sabhrãsahc fl sus galgdr`s.
f` ák h`galbzc c mcdkcr. Lkkc fahl qul su gcraf` ls ubc Tl
Tlhrl
hrl ch
chaøb
aøb fl k`s hcb ckl s fl h`gu
h` gu bah ch
chaøb
aøb . Ls rlkctavcglbtl
plrs`bc c kc qul rlspltc l, abhkus`, tlgl. _lr` sus gabuha`scs nãhak pr`v`hcr faãk`i`s. Lk tlrcplutc pulfl prlstcr `çf`s c ubc
flshrapha`bls fl kc blhlsafcf fl ák fl h`btr`kcrkc s`b hkcrc satuchaøb lb kc qul ub galgdr` fl kc ncgakac mcdkc chlrhc
glbtl flscut`razcbtls fl ub m`gdrl ck qul rlckglbtl plrhadl fl kc h`bfuhtc fl `tr` galgdr` y faraiar ck mcdkcbtl pcrc
h`g` fádak y lbnlrg`. Lkkc slóckc qul su gcraf` h`btr`kc k`s qul mcdkl h`b lk `tr` galgdr` lb kuicr fl chlrhc suy`. Xab
h`btcht`s fl kc pcrljc h`b lk gubf` lxtrcncgakacr. _lr` su lgdcri`, lstl pr`hls` pulfl vlrsl dk`qulcf` p`r ubc ncgakac
tlbchafcf y kc nulrzc fl sus g`bøk`i`s kc satúcb h`b hkcrafcf qul absastl lb utakazcr ck tlrcplutc h`g` lshuhmc. K`s galg
lb ubc p`sahaøb fl h`btr`k fl su h`btcht` h`b lk tlrcplutc. dr`s pulflb `djltcr lb n`rgc cdalrtc qul mcb fashutaf` lk
Galbtrcs lshuhmc k` qul kl fahl kc sló`rc Xgatm, lk tlrc pr`dklgc lbtrl sç lb guhmcs `hcsa`bls y qul cm`rc flslcb
plutc rliastrc saguktãblcglbtl k`s pr`hls`s qul plrgcblhlb mcdkcr h`b lk tlrcplutc s`drl ák. @ pulflb h`glbzcr c mcdkcr
aib`rcf`s p`r kc pcrljc. Tlh`il lk gctlrack qul sl kl rlkctc, lbtrl sç y kuli` guy pr`bt` v`kvlr ck tlrcplutc. Lk tlrcplutc,
lb lk qul cgd`s høbyuils prlslbtcb ck sló`r Xgatm h`g` lk p`r k` tcbt`, fldl fasp`blr fl ub halrt` búglr` fl táhbahcs
pr`dklgc, plr` tcgdaáb lxplraglbtc y lvckúc kcs pcutcs trcb pcrc lstagukcr kc h`gubahchaøb abtrcncgakacr lb kc slsaøb. _ul
schha`bckls, qul rlnulrzcb k`s sçbt`gcs flk sló`r Xgatm. Lstc fl absastar pcrc qul kcs plrs`bcs mcdklb lbtrl sç. _ulfl lvatcr
chtatuf sabáriahc plrgatl k`ircr ubc h`gpkljafcf fl fct`s qul, garcr c ckiualb, hkcvcbf` su garcfc lb ub `djlt`. _ulfl fcr
fl `tr` g`f`, mcdrçc saf` agp`sadkl `dtlblr. vulktc su sakkc. _ulfl blicrsl c rlsp`bflr hucbf` sl farailb
Fr
Frcg
cg cta zch aøb fl kcs pc utc s trc bs
bsch
chha`
ha` bc kls
kls.. _ulfl slr su c ák, slóckcbf` sagpklglbtl c `tr` galgdr` fl kc ncgakac h`b
gcglbtl útak qul kc ncgakac chtúl lb kuicr fl flshradar. Lk ub ilst`. _ulfl abhkus` cdcbf`bcr kc mcdatchaøb pcrc `dslrvcr
tlrcplutc søk` pulfl rlh`ilr fct`s kagatcf`s c pcrtar fl kcs cutakazcr
kc ncgakac
lstcs trcs ub vafra`
táhbahcs fl vasaøb
ub halrt` búglr`ubakctlrck.
fl vlhls,Flspuás fl
k`s galg
flshrapha`bls fl kc ncgakac. _crc cgpkacrk`s, fldl abhatcrk`s
pcrc qul chtúlb lb su prlslbhac lb ckiubc fl kcs n`rgcs lb dr`s fl kc ncgakac chlptcrãb qul talblb qul mcdkcr lbtrl
kcs qul bcturckglbtl rlsulkvlb h`bnkaht`s, sl cp`ycb gutuc sç h`g` rlikc flk sastlgc tlrcpáutah`.
glbtl, n`rgcb ckacbzcs y h`ckaha`bls ` pr`pcicb strlss. Xl cdrl csç ubc bulvc plrsplhtavc pcrc lk tlrcplutc. _ulfl
Xu prlslbhac ls salgprl ub ncht`r qul abtr`fuhl g`fanahc h`glbzcr c prlstcr ubc glb`r ctlbhaøb c kc køiahc flk h`btl
ha`bls. Xab lgdcri`, pulfl hrlcr criuglbt`s ncgakacrls `ralb baf` y ubc gcy`r ctlbhaøb c kcs slhulbhacs g`flkcfcs lb kcs
tcbf` c fltlrgabcf`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac c abtlrchtucr qul sl pr`fuhlb k`s abtlrhcgda`s fl kc ncgakac. Xus `dslrvc
gutucglbtl lb ub gcrh` hkcrcglbtl flkablcf`. Kcs abstruh ha`bls pulflb slrvar sagpklglbtl pcrc rlubar fct`s qul p`s
ha`bls fldlb slr lxpkçhatcs, tckls h`g`: "mcdkc h`b tu pcfrl tlra`rglbtl abfahcrãb ub n`h` fl abtlrvlbhaøb. @ pulflb h`b
chlrhc fl lst`". Lstl tap` fl criuglbt` gabagazc kc tlbflb- vlrtarsl lb lk n`h` pcrc abtlrvlbha`bls tlrcpáutahcs abglfactcs.
4?= 4?1
Lb kc ncgakac Xgatm, kc `dslrvchaøb fl kc abtlrchhaøb fl kc fastcbhac lbtrl lk baó` y su gcfrl slrã ub `djltav` tlrcpáutah`,
pcrljc kl plrgatl ck tlrcplutc h`gprlbflr qul b` pulfl k` pulfl mchlrk` slpcrãbf`k`s y udahcbf` ck baó` fl tck g`f`
ircr kc hrlchaøb fl ub faãk`i` c glb`s qul csugc ubc lbár qul b` pulfc lbh`btrcrsl h`b kc garcfc fl su gcfrl.
iahc p`sahaøb fl kaflrczi` cp`ycbf` ck sló`r Xgatm. _`r k` Lb kc ncgakac F`ffs, lk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` sl salbtc ckl
tcbt`, sl ubl ck gcraf` lb ubc h`ckahaøb h`btrc su lsp`sc, uta jcf` flk rlst
rlst`` fl kc ncg
ncgakac,
akac, flk `tr
`tr`` kcf` flk h`tlr
h`tlrcplu
cplutc.
tc. Lk
kazcbf` lstc táhbahc pcrc `ricbazcr kc pcrtahapchaøb flk sló`r tlrcplutc kl s`kahatc ck h`tlrcplutc qul hcgdal lk csalbt`
Xgatm fl ub g`f` qul plrgatc qul sl rlvlkl h`g` gãs h`b lk mlrgcb` glb`r flk pchalbtl, slbtcbf` jubt`s c k`s
h`gpltlbtl. baó`s, fl tck g`f` qul lk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` ls cp`ycf`
Gc ba pu kch aø
aøbb flk
fl k ls
lspc
pc ha` . Kc rlfastraduhaøb il`irãnahc h`
h`bs
bs y udahcf` lb lk abtlra`r fl kc ncgakac. _`stlra`rglbtl, lk tl
tatuyl `trc táhbahc pcrc frcgctazcr kcs flshrapha`bls fl kc ncga rcplutc sl udahc lb lk pas` pcrc juicr h`b lk dldá, utakazcbf`
kac. Kc udahchaøb pulfl h`bstatuar ubc gltãn`rc pcrc abtagafcf lstc p`sahaøb pcrc nchakatcr kc frcgctazchaøb fl kc hracbzc y
` fastcbhac lbtrl kcs plrs`bcs. Lb kc ncgakac H`rføb, lk kçgatl sustlbtcbf` csç kcs ncbtcsçcs fl kc ncgakac.
ckrlflf`r flk sudsastlgc pcrlbtck (gcfrl l maj` gcy`r) sl Kc udahchaøb pulfl tcgdaáb h`bstatuar ubc táhbahc pcrc ls
mc mlhm` agplrglcdkl cbtl kc majc utakazcfc h`g` hmav` lga tagukcr lk faãk`i`. Lb kc ncgakac Xgatm, lk tlrcplutc kl s`ka
scra`, Gcbfy. Lk tlrcplutc hcgdac fl csalbt` h`b kc gcfrl hatc ck sló`r Xgatm qul garl c su lsp`sc y mcdkl h`b lkkc.
fl g`f` tck qul ástc sl lbhulbtrl slbtcfc hlrhc fl su majc Hucbf` lk sló`r Xgatm flspkczc su sakkc klj`s fl su lsp`sc,
lb lk g`glbt` fl dúsqulfc fl kc s`kuhaøb. Lk tlrcplutc sl lk tlrcplutc sl cpr`xagc ck sló`r Xgatm y flspkczc kc sakkc
salbtc hlrhc flk maj` pcrlbtck, pcrc dk`qulcr kc abtlrnlrlbhac flk sló`r Xgatm gãs hlrhc fl kc fl su lsp`sc. Lk sló`r Xgatm
flk baó` lb rlkchaøb
rlkchaøb h`b lk abtlrhcgda
abtlrhcgda`` gcfr
gcfrl-ma
l-maj`
j` (Na
(Nai.
i. 64 ). udahc lbt`bhls ub hlst` fl dcsurc lbtrl ák y lk tlrcplutc.
Lb lstl sagpkl g`vagalbt` sl gcbanalstc t`f` lk frcgc fl
ub tlg`r c kc abtagafcf.
Kc udahchaøb pulfl h`bstatuar ub g`f` lnlhtav` fl trcdcjcr
h`b k`s kçgatls. Xa lk tlrcplutc flslc hrlcr ` h`bs`kafcr ub
kçgatl, pulfl h`bfuhar c k`s galgdr`s fl ub sudsastlgc ck
F` lsh g`f`, lk tlrcplutc rlfastraduyl huctr` plrs`bcs pcrc hlbtr` fl kc mcdatchaøb y udahcr c `tr`s galgdr`s fl kc nc
abfahcr ub `djltav` tlrcpáutah`: k`ircr qul sl pr`fuzhcb trcb gakac fl lspckfcs, fl tck g`f` qul pulfcb `dslrvcr plr` b`
schha`bls gcfrl-majc sab abtlrnlrlbhacs p`r pcrtl flk maj`. abtlrrugpar. Xa flslc dk`qulcr lk h`btcht` lbtrl f`s galgdr`s,
Hucbf` ubc ncgakac chufl c kc praglrc slsaøb, kc n`rgc lb pulfl slpcrcrk`s ` udahcrsl lbtrl lkk`s y chtucr h`g` glb
qul sl udahc pulfl pr`p`rha`bcr abfaha`s chlrhc fl kcs ckacb scjlr`. Kc gcbapukchaøb lspchack p`sll lk p`flr fl k` sagpkl.
zcs y h`ckaha`bls, hlbtrckafcf y caskcgalbt`. Xa ub baó` sl Xu lk`hulbhac irãnahc lshkcrlhl lk glbscjl flk tlrcplutc.
flspkczc h`b rcpaflz pcrc slbtcrsl hlrhc fl su gcfrl y chlrhc
su sakkc c kc fl lkkc, lk tlrcplutc pulfl rlckazcr sup`saha`bls
XLÓCKCGALBV@ FL K@X KAGAVLX
chlrhc fl lstc facfc. _`stlra`rglbtl, pulfl h`gpr`dcr qul
lk baó` garc c su gcfrl cbtls fl rlsp`bflr c ubc prliubtc. _crc flslbv`kvlrsl lb n`rgc sckufcdkl, kc ncgakac fldl pr`
Xa flslc dk`qulcr lstc slhulbhac, ` abfahcr qul kc hrlhalbtl tlilr kc abtlirafcf flk sastlgc t`tck y kc cut`b`gçc nubha`bck
43? 433
fl sus pcrtls. Hcfc galgdr` fl kc ncgakac y hcfc sudsastlgc hachaøb fl kc ncgakac, rlhurralbf` c prliubtcs tckls h`g`:
ncgakacr fldl bli`hacr kc cut`b`gçc l abtlrflplbflbhac fl su "°Suaáb lkail kc r`pc flk baó` fl `hm` có`s0" "°C quá m`rc
harhuat` psah`fabãgah`. sl chulstc0" "°Huãkls s`b kcs rlikcs fl kc ncgakac lb k` qul
Lk tlrcplutc fl ncgakac abtlbtc cyufcr c ástc c hrlcr lk
abtlrhcgda` nklxadkl lbtrl cut`b`gçc l abtlrflplbflbhac qul sl rlnalrlpulfl
rcplutc c kc tcgdaáb
h`gafc, `dslrvcr
c garcr tlklvasaøb,
lk g`f` lbc qul
dcócrsl0"
ub baó`Lkrls
tl
pr`g`vlrã h`b gcy`r lnahchac lk flscrr`kk` psah`s`hack fl sus p`bfl c kcs prliubtcs qul sl kl pkcbtlcb. Ckiub`s baó`s rls
galgdr`s. Kc abflplbflbhac b` h`bstatuyl lk `djltav` plr sl. p`bflb lb n`rgc cutøb`gc5 `tr`s garcb c ub` fl k`s pcfrls
Kc h`bb`tchaøb ply`rctavc flk h`bhlpt` fl flplbflbhac lb kc cbtls fl h`btlstcr ` rlnalrlb kc prliubtc c k`s pcfrls.
tl`rçc psah`fabãgahc abfavafuck b` sl cpkahc lb kc tlrcpac nc Xa kc cut`b`gçc abfavafuck fl k`s baó`s pcrlhl `dstchuka
gakacr, qul rlh`b`hl kc abtlrflplbflbhac fl t`f`s k`s sastlgcs. zcfc lb lk slb` fl kc ncgakac, lk tlrcplutc fldl cyufcr c kc
Lk `djltav` ls lk fl k`ircr ub ircf` h`rrlht` fl plrglcdakafcf ncgakac c sudrcycr fanlrlbhacs lbtrl k`s baó`s, slóckcr su fl
fl kçgatls. rlhm` c kcs fanlrlbhacs y cyufcr c k`s pcfrls c pkcbtlcr fl
Lb ubc ncgakac cikutabcfc, k`s kçgatls fldlb slr h`bs`ka gcbfcs lsplhçnahcs y `t`ricr rlh`gplbscs fl chulrf` h`b lk
fcf`s pcrc nchakatcr kc abfavafuchaøb fl k`s galgdr`s fl kc lstcfa` fl flscrr`kk` fl hcfc baó`. _`r ljlgpk`, lb kc ncgakac
ncgakac. Lk tlrcplutc sl ubl c ubc ncgakac cikutabcfc h`b kc qul pr`madçc kcs pulrtcs hlrrcfcs, ub sastlgc sugcglbtl ciku
abtlbhaøb fl hkcranahcr k`s kçgatls. Lb kcs ncgakacs qul sl lb tabcf`, lk lbn`qul flk tlrcplutc h`bsastaø lb csaibcr ubc tc
hulbtrcb gãs hlrhc flk lxtrlg` flskaicf` flk h`btabuug ciku rlc ck lstcfa` fl flscrr`kk` fl kc majc gcy`r. Lkkc fldçc hlrrcr
tabchaøb-flskaicgalbt`, chtúc pcrc fasgabuar kc raiaflz fl k`s kc pulrtc fl su mcdatchaøb. Kl slóckø tcgdaáb c kc majc gl
kçgatls, nchakatcbf` lk nkuj` lbtrl k`s sudsastlgcs fl ub g`f` b`r qul hucbf` nulsl gcy`r lkkc fldlrçc mchlr k` gasg`. 3
Cflgãs, kc ncgakac fldl p`sllr ub sudsastlgc ljlhutav` qul kçgatls5 pcrc lkk`, fldl n`rtcklhlr lk kçgatl flk sudsastlgc h`b
pulfc t`gcr flhasa`bls, lb pcrtahukcr lb k` h`bhlrbalbtl c kc yuick pcrc qul k`s høbyuils pulfcb trctcr sus pr`dklgcs sab
lfuhchaøb fl k`s baó`s. _`r k` ilblrck k`s pcfrls n`rgcb lstl agpkahcr c ub tlrhlr galgdr`, h`bs`kafcbf` lk kçgatl qul pr`
sudsastlgc. Lk sudsastlgc pcrlbtck fldl tlblr cut`rafcf. \b tlil kc cut`b`gçc flk tlrhlr galgdr` y fldakatcbf` lk kçgatl
baó` fldl slr hcpcz fl lxplraglbtcr h`b lk hrlhagalbt`, sc qul r`flc c kc rçiafc trçcfc, fl tck g`f` qul lk sudsastlgc
dalbf` qul lk sudsastlgc pcrlbtck najcrã k`s kçgatls fl k` plr kkliul c slr gãs cdalrt`.
gasadkl. \b tlrcplutc fldl p`r k` tcbt` abtlrvlbar lb ubc nc Hucbf` k`s kçgatls ckrlflf`r fl ub sudsastlgc s`b h`bs`
gakac fl ub g`f` qul cp`yl kc csaibchaøb fanlrlbhacfc fl kafcf`s, lk nubha`bcgalbt` fl lstl sudsastlgc glj`rcrã. Xur
p`flr. _`r ljlgpk`, ub maj` qul mc cf`ptcf` pklbcglbtl kc iarãb csç pr`hls`s qul b` p`fçcb gcbanlstcrsl hucbf` `tr`s
p`sahaøb fl kc ncgakac fl qul t`f`s k`s pr`dklgcs sl `raia galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac sl abgashuçcb. Lb lk hcs` fl kc nc
bcb lb kc lbnlrglfcf abtrcpsçquahc fl su pcfrl hratahc c ástl gakac I`rflb sl k` `dslrvc h`b hkcrafcf. Lk tlrcplutc flkablc
h`b agpubafcf. Lk tlrcplutc lxprlsc su lb`j` cbtl lstc ch f`s sudsastlgcs. Mchl trcdcjcr c kc gcfrl s`kc h`b lk baó`
tatuf, slóckcbf` qul lk baó` fldlrçc rlspltcr c su pcfrl. ck qul mc utakazcf` h`g` hmav` lgascra` h`bs`kafcbf` lk kç
gatl ckrlflf`r fl lstc facfc, qul mc saf` flgcsacf` fádak.
t`rLkflsudsastlgc nrctlrb`
tck g`f` qul pulfctcgdaáb blhlsatc
flslgplócr ub kçgatlflpr`tlh
sus nubha`bls `nrl \dahc ck maj` pcrlbtck lb ubc p`sahaøb fl ctlbhaøb fl k`s `tr`s
hlr c k`s baó`s kc `p`rtubafcf fl cprlbflr h``plrchaøb, h`g baó`s, fldakatcbf` lk kçgatl ckrlflf`r flk sudsastlgc pcrlbtck
pltahaøb, n`rgcs fl lvatchaøb ` hcpatukchaøb, h`g` icbcr ` qul lxhkuyø ck maj` utakazcf` h`g` hmav` lgascra`. Flbtr` fl
plrflr ub ckacf` y `trcs h`bfaha`bls rlqulrafcs pcrc vavar h`b lstl sastlgc fl kçgatls, kc gcfrl pulfl trcdcjcr h`b lk hmav`
aiuckls. K`s pcfrls fldlb rlspltcr lstc `p`rtubafcf fl hrl lgascra` lb n`rgc h`gpltlbtl, butrahac.
hagalbt` sab su cyufc ` abtlrnlrlbhac. Lb ckiubcs ncgakacs kcs slpcrcha`bls gãs bltcs s`b blhl
Lb kc ncgakac Dr`wb (hcp. 34), lk cp`y` y rlnulrz` flk scracs ` útakls. \b sastlgc pulfl slr gãs h`bnkahtav` c glfafc
sudsastlgc nrctlrb` fl kc cb`rlxac blrva`sc fl ubc baóc fl qul lk búglr` fl sus galgdr`s cuglbtc. K`s hcgda`s lb lk
bulvl có`s ls tcb saibanahctav` h`g` lk rlnulrz` pr`vlbalbtl búglr` fl galgdr`s fl ub sastlgc pulfl fcr kuicr, c su vlz,
flk sudsastlgc h`byuick. _`r k` tcbt`, lk tlrcplutc flscrr`kkc c ubc trcbsn`rgchaøb agp`rtcbtl flk sastlgc. Lb ckiubcs `hc
tcrlcs pcrc lk sudsastlgc nrctlrb`, y k`s pcfrls s`b lxhkuaf`s sa`bls, kc suprlsaøb fl ub sçbt`gc fc kuicr, sagpklglbtl, ck
lsplhçnahcglbtl fl t`fc abtlrvlbhaøb. \takazc kc táhbahc fl flspkczcgalbt` fl ub h`bnkaht` b` rlsulkt` c `tr` p`rtcf`r flk
kklvcr c k`s baó`s ck hlbtr` fl kc mcdatchaøb pcrc bli`hacr ` sçbt`gc. Lb `trcs `hcsa`bls, sab lgdcri`, k`s hcgda`s pulflb
lxpk`rcr s`kuha`bls. _lrgcblhl h`b k`s pcfrls lb kc plranlrac, pr`fuharsl sagpklglbtl lb lk pr`hls` fl slpcrchaøb fl ub
cyufãbf`k`s c `dslrvcr sab pcrtahapcr, lbslóãbf`kls c rlspltcr galgdr` fl kc ncgakac fl ástc. Lb lk trcbshurs` fl ub plrç`f`
kc cut`b`gac fl sus maj`s. ciuf` fl strlss ncgakacr k`s drlvls plrç`f`s fl m`spatckazchaøb
Kc trçcfc rçiafc pkcbtlc pr`dklgcs lsplhackls pcrc flka pulflb h`bstatuar b` søk` ub pckactav` blhlscra` sab` tcgdaáb
gatcr kçgatls. Hucbf` ubc pcutc trcbschha`bck trcbsilblrcha` ubc pcrtl lslbhack flk pr`hls` fl hcgda` fl kc ncgakac h`g`
bck, qul mcdatuckglbtl abhkuyl c k`s pcfrls y c ub maj`, qul sastlgc.
fc lbhlrrcfc flbtr` fl kçgatls rçiaf`s fc kuicr ã pcutcs Lk tlrcplutc pulfl agp`blr kçgatls trcdcjcbf` slklhtavcglb
trcbschha`bckls. Lk tlrcplutc fldl trcdcjcr pcrc trczcr bulv`s tl h`b fanlrlbtls sudsastlgcs fl ubc ncgakac. Abahac lk trcdcj`
436 43<
lbtrlvastcbf` c t`f`s k`s galgdr`s fl ubc ncgakac buhklcr, fl lstcs pcutcs. C glbuf` kc ncgakac ls p`h` nklxadkl, abhcpcz
plr`, c glfafc qul lstcdklhl ub gcpc ncgakacr, ls p`sadkl fl rlhurrar c n`rgcs fl rlkchaøb fanlrlbtls. Lk tlrcplutc qul
qul fastabic ub ãrlc lb kc qul slrçc útak cuglbtcr ` fasga sl ubl c lkk`s lb lk sastlgc tlrcpáutah` fldl lxpk`rcr t`fcs
buar tlrcplutcs
b`s lk búglr` prlnalrlb
fl galgdr`s fl søk`
trcdcjcr kc ubafcf tlrcpáutahc.
h`b k`s lsp`s`s `Ckiu
pc kcs h`bfuhtcs
plrgatar. Fldlcktlrbctavcs
lxplraglbtcr qul lkcabfcicr
`ricbazchaøb
tcbt` ncgakacr pulfl
kc nklxadakafcf
frls. @tr`s prlnalrlb trcdcjcr h`b ubc rlf ncgakacr tcb cgpkac flk sastlgc ncgakacr h`g` su hcpchafcf fl rllstruhturcrsl y
h`g` slc p`sadkl rlubar. @tr`s, p`r úktag`, prlnalrlb trcdcjcr hrlhlr h`b su cyufc.
h`b gúktapkls ncgakacs. Kc mcdakafcf flk tlrcplutc pcrc pr`fuhar strlssls lb fanl
_`r ga pcrtl, prlnalr` trcdcjcr h`b kc ncgakac buhklcr, lb ck rlbtls pcrtls flk sastlgc ncgakacr kl pr`p`rha`bcrã c ák, y lb
iubcs `hcsa`bls g`fanahcbf` kc h`gp`sahaøb flk irup`. Ck trc ckiub`s hcs`s c k`s pr`pa`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac, ub abfaha`
dcjcr h`b cf`klshlbtls, abhkuy` salgprl slsa`bls abfavafuckls chlrhc fl kc hcpchafcf fl kc ncgakac pcrc rllstruhturcrsl hucb
h`b k`s cf`klshlbtls. Hucbf` trcdcj` h`b ncgakacs lxtlbscs, trc f` kcs harhubstcbhacs hcgdacb. Xu cp`rtl y su lstçguk` lxplrt`
dcj` h`b k`s sudsastlgcs ‖pcfrls s`k`s, pcfrls h`b maj`s gc pr`fuhlb bulv`s h`btlxt`s ` harhubstcbhacs g`fanahcfcs c k`s
y`rls, pcfrls h`b k`s baó`s gãs plquló`s, lk sudsastlgc nrc qul kc ncgakac fldl cfcptcrsl lb prlslbhac suyc.
tlrb`. Lb ckiubcs ncgakacs, pulfl slr agp`rtcbtl trcdcjcr h`b Dk` qu l` fl pc utc s trc bsc hha `b ckl s. Kc gcba`drc gãs sag
galgdr`s agp`rtcbtls fl kc ncgakac lxtlbsc. Lb ckiubcs `hc pkl c kc qul ub tlrcplutc pulfl rlhurrar pcrc pr`fuhar strlss
sa`bls, k`s pcfrls pulflb slklhha`bcr c k`s galgdr`s qul h`bsastl lb `dstruar lk nkuj` fl h`gubahchaøb c k` kcri` fl
pcrtahapcrãb lb ubc slsaøb. Lb fltlrgabcfcs ncgakacs, kc sl sus hcbckls mcdatuckls. _`r ljlgpk`, lb kc ncgakac I`rflb lk
klhhaøb fl sudirup`s ls fltlrgabcfc p`r kc fabãgahc rlls maj` pcrlbtck cf`ptc su r`k mcdatuck fl trcfuhar kcs h`gubahc
truhturcbtl. Lk tlrcplutc pulfl ubarsl c ub pcfrl caskcf` y ha`bls fl kc gcfrl c k`s `tr`s baó`s y kcs fl ást`s c lkkc. Lk
c sus maj`s, lxhkuylbf` c kc gcfrl, pcrc plrgatar qul sl tlrcplutc abtlrvalbl, fahalbf`: "_lrføbcgl, G`rras", y "pr`
flscrr`kklb bulvcs nubha`bls. \b pcfrl f`gabcbtl pulfl slr saiul", ck baó` abtlrrugpaf`. Lk dk`qul` fl kcs abtlrvlbha`bls
lbvacf` trcs ub vafra` h`b vasaøb ubakctlrck fl g`f` tck qul flk baó` pcrlbtck plrgatl ub gcy`r h`btcht` lbtrl kc gcfrl
pulfc pcrtahapcr sab tlblr kc p`sadakafcf fl h`btr`kcr. K`s
pulfc pcrtahapcr sab tlblr kc p`sadakafcf fl h`btr`kcr. K`s y k`s `tr`s baó`s, qul mcb saf` slpcrcf`s p`r kc abtlrnlrlbhac
baó`s plquló`s
cg`rtaiucr pulflb slrLktrcçf`s
k`s h`bnkaht`s. c slsaøb
tlrcplutc h`bsalgprl
trcdcjc lk pr`pøsat`
h`b fl
su fl G`rras. Habh` gabut`s flspuás, lb kc slsaøb, kc nklxadakafcf
fl kc `ricbazchaøb ncgakacr sl gcbanalstc. Hucbf` G`rras ab
gcpc fl kc ncgakac t`tck prlslbtl lb su glbtl. Cub hucbf` tlbtc bulvcglbtl cyufcr c su gcfrl c h`gprlbflr c su mlr
trcdcjc lb n`rgc abtlbsavc h`b ub sudirup`, su gltc ls kc gcbc, kc gcfrl, agatcbf` ck tlrcplutc, kl fahl qul b` ab
rllstruhturchaøb t`tck fl kc ncgakac. tlrrugpc.
Chlbtuchaøb
Chlbtuchaøb fl fanlrlbhacs. Lk tlrcplutc pulfl pr`f
fl kcs fanlrlbhacs. pr`fuhar
uhar
ABVLBXANAHCHAØB FLK XVTLXX strlss ck slóckcr fanlrlbhacs qul kc ncgakac mc lshcg`tlcf`.
_rlstc ctlbhaøb c kc n`rgc lb kc qul k`s galgdr`s fl kc nc
Kcs ncgakacs qul chuflb c trctcgalbt` mcb flscrr`kkcf` mc gakac hckanahcb c kcs flhkcrcha`bls fl k`s `tr`s, "glj`rcb" ub
datuckglbtl pcutcs trcbschha`bckls fasnubha`bckls pcrc lbnrlb glbscjl fl ckiúb galgdr` fl kc ncgakac `, sagpklglbtl, fas
tcr lk strlss. Lk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` sl lbhulbtrc lb lk hlbtr` hrlpcb. _ulfl lshuhmcr kc `pabaøb fl ub galgdr` chlrhc fl
43> 439
ub tlbac fcf` y kuli` faraiarsl c `tr` galgdr` y flhark`: qul trcdcjc h`b ubc ncgakac sugcglbtl cikutabcfc sl ubl ck
"°Huãk ls su `pabaøb0" @ pulfl rlckazcr ubc abtlrvlbhaøb gãs pcfrl pcrc cyufcrk` c pkcbtlcr sus quljcs h`btrc su lsp`sc,
lsplhçnahc fahalbf`, p`r ljlgpk`: "_crlhl qul ustlf y su ls kuli` h`b kc lsp`sc pcrc cyufcrkc c pkcbtlcr sus quljcs h`btrc
p`sc b` k` vlb flk gasg` g`f`5 °pulflb fashutark`0'. lk pcfrl y kuli` lb n`rgc suhlsavc h`b hcfc ub` fl k`s maj`s,
Flsc
Fl scrr`
rr` kk` fl k h`bn
h` bnkah
kah t` ag pkç hat`.
ha t`. K`s gát`f`s fl ubc nc c glfafc qul kc ncgakac trcdcjc pcrc flscrr`kkcr rlikcs fanl
gakac pcrc lvatcr ub h`bnkaht` `plrcb lb n`rgc rãpafc y cut` rlbhacfcs y rlspulstcs fá cp`y` cflhucfcs.
gãtahc. Csç, ls p`sadkl qul ub lsp`s` sl ctcqul c sç gasg` lb Lk tlrcplutc fldl scdlr tcgdaáb huãbf` y høg` fldl
t`fc `hcsaøb lb kc qul palbsc qul su gujlr lstã c pubt` fl ubarsl c ub galgdr` fl kc ncgakac furcbtl ub plrç`f` gãs
ctchcrk`, flscrgãbf`kc y prlslbtãbf`sl h`g` ub m`gdrl fádak pr`k`bicf`. Lstl lbn`qul ls lb pcrtahukcr blhlscra` h`b nc
qul, p`r lkk` gasg`, fldl slr pr`tliaf`. Cdcbf`bc t`fc p` gakacrls qul balicb ` lvatcb sus h`bnkaht`s lb n`rgc rçiafc
sahaøb fl nulrzc fldaf` c qul lk sudsastlgc h`byuick b` plr
y h`b ncgakacs qul sl balicb lb n`rgc plrsastlbtl c chlptcr
gatl ubc h`bnr`btchaøb qul fcrçc kuicr ck suriagalbt` fl ub
h`bnkaht` `hukt`. kc aflc fl qul kc ncgakac h`g` ub t`f` h`bstatuyl lk pr`dklgc.
Lst`s sastlgcs rçiaf`s pulflb slr pulst`s lb g`vagalbt` ubaáb
gcs\bsa baó` pulflh`galbzcb
sus pcfrls t`rbcrsl lxpk`sav` ` prlslbtcr
c vavar h`bnkaht`s `tr`scdalrtc.
lb n`rgc sçbt` f`sl c ub galgdr` fl kc ncgakac, p`r k` ilblrck ub` fl k`s
pr`ilbat`rls, furcbtl ub kcps` pr`k`bicf`, p`r ljlgpk` huctr`
Lb lk praglr hcs`, lk tlrcplutc chtúc h`g` lk hkãsah` "cuxa ` habh` slsa`bls. Xa lk tlrcplutc sl ubl c ub høbyuil lb h`btrc
kacf`r", `nrlhaábf`sl pcrc "s`stlblr k`s sch`s fl k`s cfvlr flk `tr` furcbtl ub plrç`f` pr`k`bicf`, pr`v`hc ub strlss
scra`s". Ck plrhadar qul lk gcraf` utakazc lk cut`flsprlha` h`g`
lb cgd`s. Lk agpcht` hulsta`bc lk ugdrck fl strlss flk sud
ubc táhbahc pcrc lvatcr lk h`btcht`, y, p`r k` tcbt`, lk h`bnkah
sastlgc h`byuick, sus n`rgcs mcdatuckls fl abtlrrlkcha`bcrsl
t`, h`b su lsp`sc, lk tlrcplutc `dkaic c kc pcrljc c lstcdklhlr
h`btcht`. Lb lk sliubf` hcs`, lk tlrcplutc abtlbtc flstruar lk y sus gát`f`s prlnlraf`s pcrc bli`hacr ` lvatcr h`bnkaht`s.
glhcbasg` fasnubha`bck fl lvatchaøb fl k`s h`bnkaht`s r`g _`r ljlgpk`, lb ubc ncgakac lk h`bnkaht` lb lk sudsastlgc
palbf` kc rçiafc trçcfc, dk`qulcbf` kc abtlrnlrlbhac flk baó` 'h`byuick ls lvatcf` c trcvás fl kc utakazchaøb h`g` hmav` lga
lb lk h`bnkaht` pcrlbtck. scra` fl ub maj`. Hucbf` kc lsp`sc agpuibc c su gcraf` p`r
b` icbcr gãs
gãs fablr`, ástl `ralbtc su ctlbhaøb mchac lk maj`, h`rra
\baøb lb ckacbzc ` h`ckahaøb. Lk tlrcplutc pul pulfl
fl pr`v`h
pr`v`hcr
cr ialbf` su h`bfuhtc y rllstcdklhalbf` csç su pr`pa` slbtaf` fl
ub strlss ubaábf`sl lb n`rgc tlgp`rcrac c ub galgdr` ` sud h`gpltlbhac cglbczcf`. Hucbf` lk gcraf` hulsta`bc c kc
sastlgc fl kc ncgakac. Lstl tap` fl abh`rp`rchaøb c kc lstruh gujlr p`r slr ub cgc fl hcsc flspr`kajc, lkkc h`galbzc c
turc ncgakacr rlqualrl ubc huafcf`sc pkcbanahchaøb y ubc mcda mcdkcr chlrhc fl kc gckc h`bfuhtc flk baó` lb kc lshulkc. Lk
kafcf pcrc flskaicrsl, fl tck g`f` qul lk tlrcplutc b` slc tlrcplutc sl ubl ck gcraf` lb ubc h`ckahaøb h`btrc kc lsp`sc,
cds`rdaf` p`r kc iulrrc ncgakacr. cp`ycbf` narglglbtl su rlqulragalbt` fl ub gcy`r `rflb lb
Vcgdaáb pulfl ubarsl c k`s fanlrlbtls galgdr`s fl kc nc kc hcsc. Lstc táhbahc fc kuicr fl abglfact` ck suriagalbt` flk
gakac lb n`rgc suhlsavc. Lb lstl hcs`, sl ckac c ub galgdr` h`bnkaht` h`byuick qul, h`b kc cyufc flk tlrcplutc, ls bl
y plklc jubt` c ák y kuli` hcgdac, fastraduylbf` sus ncv`rls i`hacf` flbtr` flk sudsastlgc h`byuick, kadlrcbf` ck baó`.
lb n`rgc lquatctavc y flscrr`kkcbf` strlss suhlsav`s lb fanl- Hucbf` lk tlrcplutc sl ubl c ub galgdr` fl kc ncgakac,
anrbtls pcrtls flk sastlgc ncgakacr. _`r ljlgpk`, ub tlrcplutc fldl lvckucr lb n`rgc cflhucfc lk ugdrck fl t`klrcbhac fl
43= 431
lxprlsaøb fl ub pr`dklgc h`btlxtuck. _`r k` tcbt`, pulfl h`g g` talgp` qul cuglbtc kc fastcbhac lbtrl lstc majc y lk baó`
dctar kc tlbflbhac fl kc ncgakac c hlbtrckazcrsl lb lk p`rtcf`r pcrlbtck, y k` mchl rlhurralbf` c ubc tcrlc dcscfc lb lk
flk sçbt`gc. Lb `tr`s hcs`s, sab lgdcri`, pulfl lkliar trc lbhlbfaf` fl nuli`.
dcjcr lb n`rgc farlhtc h`b lk qul prlslbtc k`s pr`dklgcs. Lb kc ncgakac Dr`wb, lk pr`dklgc prlslbtcf`, kc cb`rlxac
C vlhls, lk sabt`gc, p`r ljlgpk` kc n`dac, kc cb`rlxac blr blrva`sc qul cglbczc kc vafc fl kc pchalbtl, ls aiuckglbtl
va`sc ` kcs tlbflbhacs abhlbfacracs, ls tcb plkair`s` qul `dkaic urilbtl y, ubc vlz gãs, rlprlslbtc ub b`fuk` fl strlss nc
c h`bsaflrcrk` lb n`rgc pra`ratcrac. Lb `trcs `hcsa`bls, lb ub gakacr. Lk tlrcplutc chtúc fl tck g`f` qul lbtrl k`s pcfrls
praglr g`glbt` ls p`sadkl qul kc ncgakac b` pulfc lbhcrcr y lk baó` surjc ub h`bnkaht` lb rlkchaøb h`b lk sçbt`gc, k` qul
ub h`btrct` tlrcpáutah` qul vcyc gãs ckkã flk pr`dklgc prl cuglbtc kc pr`xagafcf lbtrl k`s høbyuils y ctlbúc lk vçbhuk`
slbtcf`. pr`tlht`r lbtrl gcfrl l majc.
Lbn`qul hlbtrcf` lb lk sçbt`gc. C glbuf`, lk trcdcj` h`b Lb `tr` hcs`, ub baó` chufl c tlrcpac h`b ubc n`dac cbtl
k`s sçbt`gcs flk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` pulfl h`bstatuar lk hc k`s plrr`s sugcglbtl chlbtucfc, qul prãhtahcglbtl b` kl plr
gab` gãs rãpaf` pcrc facib`stahcr y g`fanahcr kcs pcutcs gatl cdcbf`bcr su hcsc. Lk facibøstah` flk tlrcplutc ls lk
4
trcbschha`bckls fasnubha`bckls fl ubc ncgakac. K`s sçbt`gcs flk fl qul lk sçbt`gc ls rln`rzcf` p`r ub h`bnkaht` agpkçhat`, b`
pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` `hupcb ubc p`sahaøb lsplhack lb lk sas rlsulkt`, lbtrl k`s lsp`s`s, qul sl gcbanalstc lb ubc ubaøb
tlgc fl trcbschha`bls fl kc ncgakac. Tlprlslbtcb ub b`fuk` lbtrl kc gcfrl y lk maj` qul lxhkuyl ck pcfrl. Xu lstrctliac
h`bhlbtrcf` fl strlss ncgakacr. C glbuf`, h`bstatuylb ubc h`bsastl lb cuglbtcr kc ubaøb lbtrl lk pcfrl y lk maj` cbtls
fl kcs n`rgcs fl kc ncgakac fl gcbljcr lstl strlss. Lb t`f` fl lbnrlbtcr k`s pr`dklgcs flk sudsastlgc h`byuick. H`b lsl
hcs`, k`s sçbt`gcs flk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` s`b rln`rzcf`s nab, lstagukc ck pcfrl, hcrtlr`, y, p`r k` tcbt`, "lxplrt` lb
p`r ub búglr` saibanahctav` fl pcutcs trcbschha`bckls fl kc kc rlkchaøb h`b plrr`s*', pcrc qul kl lbslól ck maj` høg` lb
ncgakac. _crcnrcslcbf` c Nrluf, p`frçcg`s flhar qul lk trc nrlbtcr c k`s plrr`s flsh`b`haf`s. Lk maj`, qul ls cf`ptav`,
dcj` h`b lkk`s pulfl h`bstatuar lk hcgab` rlck mchac kc ls cf`ptc c su vlz ub plrr`, y pcfrl l maj` chtúcb lb h`b
truhturc ncgakacr. jubt` lb t`f`
t`f` k` qul talbl qul vlr h`b
h`b lk plrr`.
plrr`. Lstc chtavafcf
chtavafcf
lsLb lk trctcgalbt`
urilbtl g`fanahcrfllkkcpr`dklgc
ncgakac I`rflb, h`g`lk lsfllvaflbtl,
prlslbtcf`, kc baóc lr`dustlhl
maj`. Ck su rlkchaøb ylkpr`gulvl
flscpcrlhlr ubctlrcplutc
sabt`gc, lk slpcrchaøb lbtrl
lk`iac gcfrl
c cgd`s
abhlbfacrac. Vcgdaáb sl `dslrvc h`b hkcrafcf qul kcs chta pcfrls p`r su lxat`s` gcblj` flk baó`. Kuli` lbhcrc lk trcdcj`
tufls abhlbfacrçcs y kcs trcbschha`bls c su ckrlflf`r h`bsta h`b k`s h`bnkaht`s gcraf`-gujlr.
tuylb ub b`fuk` flk strlss ncgakacr. _`r k` tcbt`, lk tlrcplutc @tr` tlrcplutc lstagukc c ub baó` qul sl mchl lbhagc pcrc
b` hulsta`bc lb n`rgc abglfactc kc n`rgukchaøb flk pr`dklgc qul h`bslrvl lk sçbt`gc "c glb`s qul cki` pulfc `hurrar lb
p`r pcrtl fl kc ncgakac. _rlnlrlbtlglbtl, saiul kc lstrctliac kc ncgakac*'. Cfvalrtl c k`s pcfrls qul cbckahlb huafcf`scglbtl
fl abnkuar s`drl lk rlst` fl kc ncgakac pcrc qul `plrl lb tár huckls slrçcb kcs h`bslhulbhacs sa lk baó` fljcsl fl mchlrsl
gab`s fl cyufc ck pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` lb lk ãrlc flk sçbt`gc. lbhagc y "sl mahalsl b`rgck". Lstl gát`f`, qul sl pr`k`biø
Cubqul bubhc h`gubahc su pr`pa` n`h` c kc lstruhturc ncga furcbtl ub gls, sarvl pcrc lxpk`rcr kc utakazchaøb flk sçbt`gc
kacr, flspkczc c kc gcfrl fl ubc p`sahaøb lb kc lstruhturc lb kc ncgakac y rlvlkc k`s lklglbt`s ncgakacrls fasnubha`bckls
ncgakacr c `trc, cuglbtcbf` kc pr`xagafcf gcfrl-majc ck gas- sudychlbtls ck sabt`gc.
446 44<
sabt`gc. \b tlrcplutc
Lxcilrchaøb flk sabt`gc.
Lxcilrchaøb tlrcplutc pulfl utakazcr su tr` flk hcgp` fl kc h`gafc, fl ub abtlbs` h`bnkaht` abtlrplr-
p`flr flbtr` fl kc ubafcf tlrcpáutahc pcrc rln`rzcr k`s sçbt` s`bck, qul kuli` prlf`gabc lb rlkchaøb h`b lk sçbt`gc . 6
gcs flk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf`, cuglbtcbf` su abtlbsafcf. Lstc Lb ubc ncgakac h`gpulstc p`r ub pcfrl, gcfrl y trls maj`s
tãhtahc sl h`bvalrtl lb ubc gcba`drc rllstruhturcbtl. fl trlhl, falz y `hm` có`s, lk pcfrl ls lk pchalbtl aflbtana
\bc pcrljc fl lfcf glfac chufl c tlrcpac fldaf` c qul hcf`, h`b vøgat`s fl `railb psçquah`. Kc lsp`sc b` qualrl
pcrtahapcr lb lk trctcgalbt` ba tcgp`h` plrgatar qul k`s baó`s
kc flprlsaøb flk gcraf` ls tcb slvlrc qul kl agpafl trcdcjcr.
chufcb. Absastl lb qul lk pr`dklgc ls lxhkusav` flk gcraf`.
Lk tlrcplutc, ck `dslrvcr kc hcrlbhac fl cp`y` gutu` lb lstc Xab lgdcri`, chlptc h`bhurrar c kc slsaøb abahack. Lb kc slsaøb
pcrljc sab maj`s, abtlrprltc kc flprlsaøb flk m`gdrl h`g` ubc h`b kc pcrljc sl `dslrvc h`b hkcrafcf qul kc lsp`sc ls kc "ful
lvckuchaøb h`rrlhtc fl su vafc plrfafc y suialrl qul rlckahl óc fl kcs rlikcs" lb kc ncgakac. Lk gcraf` ls h`gpkchalbtl,
ub fulk` p`r ubc pcrtl plrfafc fl sç qul mc gulrt`. Fl sckv` lb sus vøgat`s. Kc majc fl trlhl có`s, sliúb kc flshrap
chulrf` h`b kc rlkaiaøb fl kc ncgakac, lk tlrcplutc ch`bsljc ck haøb fl k`s baó`s qul rlckazcb k`s pcfrls, ls guy cbiustacfc,
m`gdrl qul kklvl lk Xmavc (k`s trcfaha`bckls saltl fçcs fl prl`hupcfc p`r tlg`rls fl qul su pcfrl gulrc. Lk maj` glb`r
fulk` fl kc rlkaiaøb jufçc)
jufç c) plrgcblhalbf` slbtcf` lb lk pas`
furcbtl `hm` m`rcs facracs galbtrcs su lsp`sc kl trcl ckaglbt` gagc y rlglfc
lstc pcrljc k`s vøgat`s
kcs saiualbtls flk pcfrl._ulfl
cktlrbctavcs. Lk tlrcplutc
cyufcr ck`nrlhl
pcfrlc
y k` h`bsulkc. Lk m`gdrl kk`rc h`btabucglbtl furcbtl trls fçcs, lbslóãbf`kl c v`gatcr sab mchlr ruaf`, ` c kagatcr sus vøgat`s
kuli` sl cdurrl huctr`. Xu flprlsaøb flscpcrlhl y rlirlsc ck ck dcó`, ` abhkus` c fljcr fl v`gatcr p`r h`gpklt`. _lr` lkk`
trcdcj`. Kc pcrljc pr`saiul lk trctcgalbt` scdalbf` qul b` b` cyufcrã c kc pcrljc c cfquarar ub rlsplt` gutu` ` c k`s
ls lk gcraf` lk flpragaf`, sab` kc rlkchaøb lb su t`tckafcf. f`s maj`s, lb huycs vafcs sl abjlrtc, abtlrnalrl, lk h`bnkaht` pcrlb
Lb `trc ncgakac, lk pr`dklgc prlslbtcf` h`bsastl lb qul tck, c cprlbflr c fanlrlbhacrsl h`g` abfavafu`s. Xl trctc fl kcs
lk maj` r`dc. Lk tlrcplutc, qul fltlrgabc qul sl trctc fl ubc ãrlcs lb kcs qul lk trctcgalbt` slrçc gãs agp`rtcbtl.
rlchhaøb cbtl kc hcrlbhac fl ub h`btr`k lnlhtav` lb kc ncgakac, Cf`phaøb
Cf`p haøb fl ub bulv sçbt`gc. Lk cd`rfcjl fl ub ssçbt`g
bulv`` sçbt`gc. çbt`gcc
abstruyl lb n`rgc cdalrtc ck baó` pcrc qul saic r`dcbf`, l ab c trcvás fl su nubha`bcgalbt` lb kc ncgakac plrgatl flscrr`
hkus` pcrc qul kl r`dl ck pcfrl, fahalbf`: "Sualr` vlr sa kkcr ubc lstrctliac pcrc lbnrlbtcr lk pr`dklgc aflbtanahcf`
tlbls mcdakafcf sunahalbtl h`g` pcrc r`dcrkl c tu pcfrl". Lstl flspkczcbf` tlgp`rcracglbtl lk n`h` fl h`bhlbtrchaøbRtlrc-
rlhurs` rludahc kc h`bfuhtc cbtas`hack lb ubc satuchaøb abgl páutahc c `tr` galgdr` fl kc ncgakac. Lk flspkczcgalbt` flk
factc qul g`vakazc kcs nubha`bls ljlhutavcs fl h`btr`k fl kc n`h` ls utakazcf` lb ubc ncgakac qul chufl c tlrcpac fldaf`
ncgakac. Kc táhbahc ls sagakcr c kcs táhbahcs utakazcfcs p`r C. c pr`dklgcs fl suló` flk maj` fl f`hl có`s. Lb lk trcbshurs`
Cahm`rb h`b baó`s flkabhulbtls \bc vlz gãs, kc h`bfuhtc
8
fl kc tlrcpac, kc gcfrl flshradl su' pr`pa` abs`gba` qul sl
cbøgckc fl ub galgdr` sl h`bvalrtl lb tlgc fl rliukchaøb pr`k`biø furcbtl falz có`s y, p`stlra`rglbtl, slóckc lk pkchlr
abtlrplrs`bck lb kc ncgakac. slhrlt` qul k`irc ck tlblr h`gpcóçc furcbtl ckiubcs fl sus
Fltchlbtu
Fltch lbtuchaø
chaøbb fl
flkk sçbt`
sçbt`gc.
gc. Lb ckiubcs `hcsa`bls, ls p`sa b`hmls abs`gbls. Lk flspkczcgalbt` flk n`h` ls utakazcf` tcg
dkl utakazcr lk sabt`gc h`g` ubc vçc qul plrgatc ckljcrsl flk daáb h`b k`s I`rflb. Lb kc ncgakac Xgatm, kc sliubfc pcrtl
pchalbtl aflbtanahcf`. Kc táhbahc fl ckg`rzcr h`b ub pchalbtl fl kc lbtrlvastc abtlbtc flspkczcr kc ltaqultc csagátrahc fl
cb`ráxah` y su ncgakac, p`r ljlgpk`, nchakatc kc hrlchaøb, flb- lbnlrglfcf flk gcraf` c kc lsp`sc.
44> 449
Tl
Tllta
lta qu ltu g alb t` fl k sçb t`gc
t` gc . \bc rlh`bh
rlh`bhlptuckazchaøb
lptuckazchaøb flk Ckiubcs ncgakacs, lb pcrtahukcr kcs ch`scfcs p`r kc p`drlzc
sçbt`gc lb tárgab`s abtlrplrs`bckls pulfl cdrar bulv`s hc ` kcs qul talblb ub galgdr` psah`s`gãtahcglbtl lbnlrg`, ls
gab`s fl hcgda`. Lb ub hcs`, ubc cb`rlxac fl ubc baóc ls tãb tcb mcdatucfcs c kcs lglrilbhacs qul lb su slb` b` lxastl
rlflnabafc h`g` fls`dlfalbhac y rlhurs` pcrc satucr c k`s babiubc jlrcrquçc fl pr`dklgcs. Hucbf` sl pkcbtlc ubc sa
pcfrls lb ubc p`sahaøb fl abh`gpltlbhac. tuchaøb hrçtahc, su agpcht` ls gabagazcf` p`r kc agprlsaøb fl
G`fanahchaø
G`f anahchaøb sabt`gc.. _ulfl slr útak hcgdacr
b flk cnlht` flk sabt`gc qul "tcgdaáb lstc vlz b`s crrlikcrlg`s". Ls p`sadkl qul lk
lk cnlht` fl kcs trcbschha`bls qul h`bhalrblb c ub sçbt`gc. \b tlrcplutc sl vlc `dkaicf` c abtr`fuhar abtlbsafcf pcrc k`ircr
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sl salbtl plrnlhtcglbtl dalb lb ub irup` cf`klshlbtl ls h`btrc
tcf` pcrc lbslócr ck pchalbtl kc n`rgc fl abtlrchtucr h`b ub
irup` .
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c kc
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halbtl.
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maj`, Gcttmlw, fl f`hl, y lk pcfrl fl kc sló`rc Xgatm, lk gl nua fl ctta, hrl`, mchl huctr`
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484 488
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iuá ck f`ht`r Ncrrlkk. _r`dcdkl aflbtanahcf`, k` qul hulsta`bc kc rcplutc mchl ub pkcbtl` abfcict`
glbtl ustlf gl pr`p`rha`bcrã su aflc fl qul mcy ub pchalbtl. ra` dcj` kc n`rgc fl ubc prliub
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dklgcs, fl tck g`f` qul p`fcg`s truhturcbtl.
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fl ga pr`dklgc. X`y y` lk qul pr`d klgc .
k` talbl.
talbl. Q .. . Cnabuh'aab: Ggg. Xaicg`s su Ch. Xl ch`g`fc cbtl lk ch`g`
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buhmabck lstã
garc sló`rcp`ktr`bcf`. Gcttmlw
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hulsta`bc kc lxplralbhac fl kc rl Xló`r Xgatm: Xcdl, gl s`rprlb £4 sló`r Xgatm rlpkahc.
ckafcf flk pchalbtl y fl k`s galg flrçc guhm`.
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qul csç ls. plrs`bck y saiul hulsta`bcbf` kc
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Gabu hmab : Xa, plr`, fl t`f`s Tl. Hulsta`bc bulvcglbtl kc
hlbtrck flk sló`r Xgatm lb kc nc
g`f`s, ls` b` gl flgulstrc t` rlckafcf flk pchalbtl.
gakac. Xl ch`g`fc c su p`sahaøb
fcvçc qul sl trctc fl ub pr`dkl Ch. Lstagukc ck pchalbtl aflbta h`g` iucrfaãb ck gasg` talgp`
gc lxhkusavcglbtl suy`. Dulb`, nahcf` pcrc qul mcdkl, k` qul k`
qul hulsta`bc kc lstruhturc.
pr`saic. °Huãk ls su pr`dklgc0 gcbtalbl lb ubc p`sahaøb hlbtrck.
Xló`r Xgatm: Xagpklglbtl qul Xló`r Xgatm: B` hrl` qul bc
lst`y blrva`s`, abqualt` t`f` lk fal fl kc ncgakac gl plrturdl.
talgp`. Gab uhm ab: Fájlgl prliubtcrkl Ch. Tlh`b`hl kc p`sahaøb flk
Gabu hmab : °\stlf lstã abqualt`0 c su lsp`sc, °fl chulrf`0 sló`r Xgatm h`g` iucrfaãb.
Xló`r Xgatm: Xa, bubhc pulf` £/ tlrcplutc lxplraglbtc lk p`
rlkcjcrgl. @m, c vlhls, c vlhls flr fl ub sastlgc rçiaf`, yc qul
pulf` mchlrk`. _lr` lb ilblrck b`. sus hulsta`bcgalbt`s mcb saf` `d
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kls plfa qul gl kklvcslb ck m`spa tl aflbtanahcf`, qul absastl lb
tck. Q lstuvl mcdkcbf` h`b lk f`h gcbtlblrsl h`g` pr`dklgc. Htg-
t`r
t`r Ncrrlkk lb lk m`spatck. slhulbtlglbtl, lk tlrcplutc lbtc
Gabuhmab: °\stlf palbsc qul f`.Xló`r Xgatm:
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daáb
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talbtl
tl flsl`*
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kac. cdulk`,
cdulk`, ck plrhadar
plrhadar tu kuicr
kuicr gcr
gcr
Hucbf` Gabuhmab lstcdklhaø h`b Xló`r Dr`wb: B`, kl v`y c fl
iabckk lb kc ncg
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akac.
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Gc ttm lw:
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_lr` lb kui kuicr
cr fl lkk` lk baó
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patl k` qul fahl su gcfrl. Lk tl fltlrgabcf`, °gl lbtalbfl0 Lb
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slc csa °scdl0 Kcs plrs`bcs s`b lxpk`rl trcbschha
lxpk`rl trcbschha`bls
`bls abtlrplrs`bc fahl: "K` mcrá". "B`, k` mcrá y`.
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vavlb jubtcs, lbt`bhls sl arratcb tlgc søk` lb n`rgc abfarlhtc galb
gutucglbtl, °gl lbtalbfls0 Ls trcs mcdkcdc h`b lk pcfrl y kc sc. @trc . .. °\stlf fahl qul kl
t`y sliur` fl qul tu pcfrl tl arra gcfrl, plr` ck mcdkcr h`b lk maj`
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iustc mchlr
mchlr h`sc
h`scss lb kuicr .. . pc flk sló`r Dr`wb rlnlrlbtl c kcs
tc c vlhls. (Kc sló`rc Xgatm ctchc h`b nulrzc. Bulvcglbtl
rc `trcs plrs`bcs0 chha`bls flk sló`r Xgatm. Lk sló`r
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sliur` fl qul tu cdulk` tl arratc rlckafcf fl ub galgdr` fl kc Dr`wb kcs kkcgc h`bs`kcf`rcs. Lk
c vlhls. Q tú, tcgdaáb, arratcs c tu ncgakac. tlrcplutc suialrl qul s`b slrva
cdulk` y c tu pcfrl y c tu gcfrl. Ch. H`bhkuyl su ctcqul h`b ub hackls.
Lst`y sliur` fl ls`. °Vlbi` rc plfaf` fl cs`hachaøb y rlh`b`ha
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absastl lb *u p`
Gcttmlw:
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rrugpl
pl
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Gabuhmabab pr`fu
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mcy talrrc lb kc ckn`gdrc. Lk fahl
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Gabuhm ab: Lk cdulk` b` mcdkc hucrt` galgdr`, faraiaábf`sl c ák kc ckn`gdrc". Lkkc: "dulb`, v`y
guhm`. °Suá lfcf talbl ustlf, lb n`rgc j`vack. c kagpacrkc". "B` tl prl`hupls
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sló`r Dr`wb0 k` mcrá." Q lbt`bhls vc fl ab
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palbs` qul mcdk` flgcsacf`. b` fldlrçc mchlrk`.
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tlf0 fc.
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tá Lk sló`r Dr`wb pcrlhl rlck
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cf` p`r lk sló`r
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b`s`tr`s trls.
pkct`s flsfl qul b`s hcscg`s,
Gabuhmab: °Hcric t`f` s`drl
plr` b` salgprl. Kc gcy`r pcrtl
sus m`gdr`s0
fl kcs vlhls.
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Gcttmlw:
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Gabuh mab: Vú. °Høg` gl fa
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ab (h`b abfaibch
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abtlrilblrcha`bck, yc qul kc ab
Gcttml
Gcttmlw:
w: Gcttmlw.
faibchaøb h`bstatuyl ubc nulrzc
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p`flr`sc pcrc kc slpcrchaøb.
tcdcs fl chulrf` h`b lst`, h`b kc
cnargchaøb fl tu cdulk`.
cnargchaøb Lk tlrcplutc talbl kc agprlsaøb
Gcttmlw:
Gcttmlw: Hrl` qul lb pcrtl fl qul Gcttmlw
Gcttmlw hrata
hratahc
hc c tu pc
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Xló`r Xgatm: B`, b` gl iustc
surc y t`f`. Lscs h`scs, kc gcy`r gcbljcr c kc ilbtl fl lsl g`f`.
pcrtl kcs tlbi` qul mchlr y`.
Sualr` qul slc mlhm` fl abglfac
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quljc fl Gct Gcttmlw
tmlw cpcrlhl
cpcrlhl
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lb ubc ckacbzc h`b lk tlb`r Xgatm,
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rllttcd\hl tu
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lbnlrg` y rlch rlchta
ta haflbhac
haflb hac lb rlkchaøb
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lbnlrg`.
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46= 469
46= 461
4<? 4<3
4<4 4<8
Xló`rc Xgatm: Ggg. kc dcsurc pcrc udahcrk` lbtrl ák tc lk suriagalbt` flk h`bnkaht`,
y Gabuhm
Gabuhmab
ab y flsmchl
flsmchl ub haicr
haicrra
ra qul kadlrc ck sló`r Xgatm fl kc
Gabuh mab: _`rqul c gç gl pc
kk` lb lk hlst`. Gabuhmab tl fls p`sahaøb cbøgckc. Cm`rc pcrlhl
rlhl qul T`slgcry lstã . . . lstcdc
pkczc kailrcglb
kailrcglbtltl mchac ctrãs
ctrãs.)
.) ub gcraf` li`çstc fl hcrahcturc.
lxprlscbf`
lxprlsc bf` rlhaáb ckiubcs hrçtahcs,
Xló`r Xgatm: _albs` qul ls sø
scdl. Q quazãs lkkc qualrl qul us
k` ub mãdat`.
tlf h`btlstl ckiubcs fl lscs h`scs. Ch. Cp`yc kcs quljcs fl kc ls Xló`rc Xgatm: _lr` fl t`f`s
p`sc galbtrcs kl mcdkc ck gcraf`
g`f`s b` gl fljcs mchártlk` c ta,
lb n`rgc cgast`sc.
y ba saqualrc gl fljcs kagpacrtl
Xló`rc Xgatm: Dulb`, yc kl prl Kc sló` rc Xga tm rlhm czc kc tc lk lshrat`ra`. °_`r quá0
iubtá lscs h`scs cbtls. rlc, mcdkcbf` h`b lk tlrcplutc. Xló`r Xgatm: B` sá p`r quá.
Gabuhmab: _rliúbtlslkcs cm`rc.
_albs` qul p`rqul cprlbfç kcs h`
Xló`rc Xgatm: H`g` y`, gl scs csa sab rcz`bcr lb ‖huãk
‖huãk ls -
chulrf`, tú salgprl talbls qul ar
b` sá sa ls b`rgck ` b`. Q tú tal
y garcr gas r`pcs, h`btr`kcr gas
bls rczøb. Q` gl ml lbnurlhaf`
r`pcs pcrc vlr sa t`f` lstã ckkç,
hucbf` lkkc hcgdaø fl kuicr gas
cdrar gas hcj`bls5 qul y` b` hrl`, pcplklss y gas h`scs. Q sagpklglb
pcplkl
b` ls qul hrlc qul b` fldlrçcs tl plbsá qul pulf` kagpacr lk ls
mchlrk`. Dulb`, b` gl pcrlhl qul
hrat`ra` s`k`, ls` ls t`f`.
fldlrçcs mchlrk`. _lr` fl t`f`s
Xló`rc Xgatm: X ç, plr` b` sl k` Kc sló`
sló`rc
rc Xg\m
Xg\m tl mc ch`g`
ch`g`
g`f`s b` gl lbnurlzh` p`rqul
k` mcics.
kagpaø flsfl mchl guhm` talgp`. fcf` ck rlqulraga
rlqulragalbt`
lbt` flk tlrc
Q ls p`r lst` qul gl lbnurlzh` plutc lk h`bs`kafcr
h`bs`kafcr lk kçgatl flk
Gabu hma b: @m sç, T`slgcry, us Tl. _r`gulvl lk h`bnkaht`. hucbf` ák garc, hucbf` tú tl gl sudsastlgc
sudsastlgc h`byuick.
h`byuick. Lb lk pubtpubt``
tlf sl lbnurlhl, b` gl faic qul tls lb gas h`scs. _`rqul tú b` lb lk qul mcdatuckglbtl lkkc ab
b` sl lbnurlhl. gl fljcs gltlrgl lb tus h`scs. tr`fuharkc
tr`fuharkc c `trc plrs`b
plrs`bc,
c, h`galb
Xló`rc Xgatm: B`, dulb`, fá zc c abtr`
abtr`fuhar
fuhar ck tlrcplutc
tlrcplutc.. Lb
jlgl lxpkahcrk` gãs lb fltckkl, t`bhls,
t`bhls, lb kuicr fl utakazc
utakazcrr ck tl
p`r ncv`r. _`rqul salbt` qul lscs rcplutc
rcplu tc pcrc flsvacr lk h`bnkaht`
h`bnkaht`
s`b gas h`scs y y` b` v`y, p`r h`byui
h`byuick,
ck, saiu
saiull lbnrlb
lbnrlbtcb
tcbf`
f` c tu
qul ák gl k` mc fahm`. Ba saqual gcraf`.
gcra f`.
rc gl fljc kagpacr su lshrat`ra`
p`rqul b` pulf` g`vlr bcfc fl Xló`r Xgatm: B` gl prl`hupc
su kuicr. _lr` ák salgprl lstã sa mcs lstcf` lb lk hcjøb ` b`.
ylbf` c gas hcj`bls, h`btr`kcbf` (Lvatc kc garcfc fl su lsp`sc.
qul t`f` lstá cmç, h`g` sa y` Gab
Gabuhm
uhmab
ab kl i`kplc kailrcgl
kailrcglbtl
btl lk
nulsl c fãrslk` c ckiualb. B` v`y m`gdr`
m`g dr` y kl fahl qul talbtalbll qul
c flsmchlrgl fl bcfc. Q sl k` garcrkc.)
garcr kc.)
prliubtá guhmcs vlhls, °p`r quá Xló`rc Xgatm: Xa b` nulsl p`r
talbls qul vaiakcr gas r`pcs y gas lst` b` hrl` qul gl lb`jcrçc. _l
h`scs0 r` dcj` lstcs harhubstcbhacs, ls
(Gabuhmab vc fltrãs flk sló`r p`r ls` qul gl lsnulrz`. Vú fl
Tl. Tlstrabil kc pcutc trcbsch-
Xgatm y kl mchl flspkczcr s u tukc ha`bck prlnlrafc qul gcbtalbl lk
dlrçcs ‖°sa ub` pulfl mchlrk`,
fl tck g`f` qul sl lbhulb
lbhulbtrl
trl gãs p`r quá b` lk `tr`0
sló`r Xgatm h`g` pchalbtl y caskc
bltcglb
bltc glbtl
tl nrlb
nrlbtl
tl c su lsp`
lsp`sc.
sc. Ga ck gcraf` y c kc gujlr. Ck gcb Xló`r Xgatm: Xa qualrls garcr
buh
buhmab
mab tl salb
salbtc
tc hlrhc flk m`gdrl. tlblr lk strl's fl kc pr`xagafcf gas hcj`bls, b` gl prl`hupc.
Lk tlb`r Xgtçm gulvl lk hlst` fl gcraf`-gujlr, lk tlrcplutc nchaka- Xló`rc Xg\m: Ls csa h`g` gl
4<6 4<<
haøb gcraf`-g
gcraf`-gualr
ualr.. _us` t`f` su
tcgdaáb kc fl su lsp`sc, ` hratahc c kc sló`rc Xgatm, lk sló`r plt` pcrc k`ircr qul tc vasuckazc
vasuckazc
Xgatm rlsp`bfl slóckcbf` fl ckiúb g`f` su pr`pac absuna sl c kc lsp`tc h`h`g`
g` lbnl
lbnlrgc.
rgc. Lkk`
halbhac. Kcs abtlrvlbha`bls flk tlrcplutc s`b flshckanahcfcs t`k` pulfc k`ircrtl c trcvás fc
h`bstcbtlglbtl p`r lk sló`r Xgatm, b` csç p`r kc sló`rc Xgatm. ubc lstrlhmc h`ckahaøb lbtrl ák ^
ck rlbulbtl
rlbulbtl tlb`r Xgatm.
Xgatm. Kcµ pcupcu
Lk saiualbtl nrciglbt` h`rrlsp`bfl cpr`xagcfcglbtl c ubc tcs trcbschh
trcbschha`b
a`bckls
ckls trlbsaha`
trlbsaha`bc\
bc\ss
m`rc flspuás. Gabuhmab kl mc plfaf` ck sló`r Dr`wb y c Gct d`tcfcµ
d`tc fcµ lb lstc lstrc
lstrctliac
tliac ncha
nchaka
ka
tmlw qul cdcbf`blb kc mcdatchaøb y v`khø kc h`bvlrschaøb mc tcrãb kc utak
utakazcha
azchaøb
øb fc pcupcutcµ
tcµ ck
tlrb
tlrbctav`
ctav`µµ lb lstl rçiaf` sastlsastlgc.
gc.
hac kc vafc slxuck fl kc pcrljc, chlrhc fl kc huck cgd`s s`b Xló`r Xg\m: Dulb`, scdac qul
lvcsav`s. çdcg`s c kklicr c lst`. Ml mcdkc
f` h`b lk f`ht`r Ncrrlkk. Mlg`s
lxcgabcf`
lxcgabcf` lstl pubt`. Lkkc ls sag
Gab uhm ab: °Mcy cki` lb k` qul Tl. Abtlbtc lstagukcr kcs hrçta- pklglbtl ‖y ml mcdkcf` h`b ga
ustlf hrataqul c T`slgcry0 hcs flk sló`r Xgatm qul lquaka gujlr‖, lkkc ls sagpklglbtl k`
drcrçcb lk g`f`
lstcdklhaf` lb qul
kc rlkchaøb sl mc
gcraf`-gu qul y` kkcgcrçc
bcturcklzc ubclkkc
nrçc. @m, plrs`bc fl
b` talbl
jlr. guhmcs ‖b` sá huck ls kc pckcdrc
Xló`r Xgatm: °Hrataqul c lkkc0 cflhucfc‖ abhkabcha`bls slxuckls,
°_albscs qul mcy cki` qul hrata y mchl ckiub`s có`s gl prl`hu
qul lb ta0 pcdc guhm` p`r lst` _lr` lb
Xló`rc Xgatm: B` sá, D`d. Vl Kc sló`rc Xgatm sl mc ch`g`- gcy`r ` glb`r glfafc gl va kkl
prliubtø c ta. B` sá. fcf` lb gcy`r glfafc ck tlrc vcf` c chlptcrk` cm`rc. Q quazã
plut c, plr` lk sast lgc , h`b sus p`rqul ml lbvljlhaf` y gas tlb
rçiafcs pcutcs trcbschha`bckls, sl flbhacs slxuckls mcb fasgabuaf`
gcbtalbl. tcgdaáb. _lr` lb ubc áp`hc tuva
Xló`r Xgatm: Xa lkkc qualrl ar g`s pr`dklgcs slxuckls, y y` kl
c ckiúb kcf`, y` ... s`kçc plfar qul nulsl ck gáfah`
Gab uhm ab: Kl lst`y prliubtcb pcrc h`bsuktcr p`r lst`, y lkkc k`
f` sa mcy cki`. Xá qul lkkc hrçta h`bvlrsø h`b bulstr` gáfah` fl
hc ckiubcs h`scs suycs. Kl lst`y hcdlhlrc, ls` nul mchl ckiub`s
prliubtcbf`, °mcy ckiubcs h`scs có`
có`s.s. Q . . . _lr` lb gcy`r
gcy`r ` gl
fl T`slgcry qul b` kl iustlb0 b`r glfafc kkliuá c chlptcrk`.
°Sualrl qul lkkc hcgdal lb cki`0 Sualr` flhar, b` plbsá qul nulsl
Xló`r Xgatm: B`. hcusck fl fav`rha` ba bcfc p`r lk
Gab uhm ab: °Muggg0 lstak`. @trcs h`scs, plbsá qul mc
Xló`r Xgatm: B`, b` k` hrl`. dkc `trcs h`scs lb lk gubf` cfl
Kc qualr` tck h`g` ls. Q .. . gãs flk slx`kcgdaáb. _`rqul mcy
Gabuhmab:
Gabuh mab: Lk f`ht`r Ncrrlkk gl ubc ircb pcrtl fl kc vafc gctra
lbvaø cquç ubc b`tatc. Fahl qul g`back.
kc sló`rc Xgatm bubhc nul slxuck- Gab
Gabuhm ab: _lr` fl t`f`s g`
uhmab:
glbt
glbtll slbsa
slbsadk l. Q y` b` s á . . .
dkl. Lk tlrcplutc, ck slbtarsl h`bs f`s tuvalr`b rlkcha`bls slxuckls.
tcbtlglbtl flshckanahcf`, flscrr` Xló`r Xgtçm: Xç. Dulb`, qualr`
kkø cm`rc ubc lstrctliac pcrc ab flhar, ustlfls s`b gáfah`s. Lkkc
tlrvlbar lb kc fast`rsa`bcfc rlkc- bubhc gl bliø lk flrlhm`. Xatcµ
4<= 4<1
4>? 4>3
4>4 4>8
4>6 4><
y lk galgdr` gãs p`flr`s` flk sastlgc tlrcpáutah`, slr h`g` Lstl sl salbtl rlcsliurcf` p`r ubc ckacbzc h`b lk tlrcplutc y
ák b` pulfl slr ubc n`rgc fl lbnlrglfcf. Kcs gcba`drcs fl sl salbtl csç lstagcf` p`r ák. _crc gcbtlblr lstc ckacbzc, lk
"aiuckcrsl" tcgdaáb hulsta`bcb kc lxplralbhac fl k`s `tr`s galg sló`r Xgatm fldl chlptcr kc rlckafcf fl kcs blhlsafcfls fl su
dr`s fl kc ncgakac. Xa lk galgdr` lbnlrg` fl kc ncgakac ls h`g` lsp`sc y plrhadarsl h`g` lk qul kc cyufc lb nuicr fl plrhadarsl
lk p`flr`s` tlrcplutc, yc b` sl k` pulfl h`bsaflrcr h`g` lbnlr h`g` lk qul rlhadl cyufc fl lkkc. Lstl hcgda` schufl c kc
g`. Lstl pr`hls` sl abahac ck h`galbz` fl kc slsaøb. Hucbf` lk ncgakac nulrc fl su surh` mcdatuck. H`g` pr`fuht` fl ncht`rls
sló`r Xgatm fahl "y` s`y lk pr`dklgc", lk tlrcplutc rlpkahc "B` abtlrb`s y lxtlrb`s, kc lxplralbhac flk sló`r Xgatm hcgdac. Qc
lstá tcb sliur`". b` sl k` vl h`g` lk lbnlrg`, sab` h`g` lk "ilglk`" flk tlrc
C glfafc qul kc slsaøb cvcbzc, lk tlrcplutc absastl lb sl plutc. Qc b` sl k` vl h`g` lk qul rlhadl cyufc, sab` h`g` lk
óckcr qul lk sló`r Xgatm rlsp`bfl c ch`btlhagalbt`s qul sl qul kc pr`p`rha`bc. Lstc trcbsn`rgchaøb fl kc lstruhturc ncga
pr`fuhlb lb lk abtlra`r fl kc ncgakac. Cubqul lstl pubt` fl kacr plrgatl csç qul sl gcbanalstlb pcutcs trcbschha`bckls `huk
vastc ls tlbczglbtl rlhmczcf`, ck hcd` fl ub halrt` talgp` tcs. Lstcs bulvcs pcutcs, cflgãs fl cut`sustlbtcrsl, slrãb rl
h`galbzc c slr chlptcf`.
flk sló`r Xgatm h`g` ubc Xl h`galbzc
rlspulstc c kcch`bfuhtc
plrhadar fl
kc h`bfuhtc
k`s `tr`s n`rzcfcs lb tlrcpac. c lstc slsaøb, sl rlckazc ubc fashusaøb
H`b p`stlra`rafcf
galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac. Xl hulsta`bc bulvcglbtl kc vckaflz h`b lk f`ht`r Ncrrlkk chlrhc fl kcs lstrctliacs cflhucfcs pcrc
fl kc lxplralbhac fl kc ncgakac. h`btabucr lk trcdcj` h`b kc pcrljc. Hucbf` lk f`ht`r Ncrrlkk
Lb ub g`glbt` p`stlra`r fl kc slsaøb, lk tlrcplutc flsc h`bsaflrc qul b` talbl ubc n`rgchaøb sunahalbtl lb tlrcpac
rr`kkc kc lstrctliac fl h`bvlrtar c kc sló`rc Xgatm lb kc pchalbtl. fl ncgakac pcrc trcdcjcr h`b kc pcrljc, sl farail lk hcs` c ub
Lstc p`sahaøb sl `p`bl lb n`rgc farlhtc c kc lxplralbhac fl kc tlrcplutc fl ncgakacs, Gcracb` Dcrrciãb, f`ht`r lb Glfahabc.
ncgakac fl h`bsaflrcr ck sló`r Xgatm h`g` lbnlrg`, y p`r k` Lstl sl lbtrlvastc h`b kc pcrljc cpr`xagcfcglbtl vlabtl vlhls
tcbt` sl kc rlsastl. Xab lgdcri`, kc sló`rc Xgatm chlptc lk c k` kcri` fl ub plrç`f` fl falz glsls. Lk n`h` sl flspkczc c
tuk` fl lbnlrgc p`rqul agpkahc kc pr`glsc fl sctasnchlr sus kc sló`rc Xgatm y sl lxcgabcb k`s pr`dklgcs slxuckls fl kc
blhlsafcfls, qul mcstc lk g`glbt` mcb lstcf` sud`rfabcfcs pcrljc, rlhurraábf`sl c táhbahcs h`g` kcs flscrr`kkcfcs p`r
c kcs blhlsafcfls flk sló`r Xgatm. Kc h`gpklglbtcrafcf prlvac Gcstlrs y J`mbs`b . Lk tlrcplutc tcgdaáb cyufc c kc ncgakac
3
ls abvlrtafc. Kc sló`rc Xgatm, kc "vahtagazcfc", sl h`bvalrtl c flkagatcr ub lspcha` vatck gãs flnabaf` pcrc lk sló`r Dr`wb,
cm`rc lb kc pchalbtl. Xl kl s`kahatc ck pchalbtl prlvacglbtl slpcrcf` flk fl kc pcrljc. Lk cdulk` h`galbzc c vasatcr h`b
aflbtanahcf` qul cyufl c kc bulvc cbøgckc. gcy`r nrlhulbhac c sus cgai`s, y sl lgplóc lb rltarcrsl t`fcs
Ck gasg` talgp`, sl prlslrvc lk kuicr hlbtrck flk sló`r kcs b`hmls c kc pcrtl fl kc hcsc qul h`bstatuyl su f`gaba`. Xl
Xgatm lb lk sastlgc. Lstc p`sahaøb ls sab fufc agp`rtcbtl, h`bhkuyl kc tlrcpac p`r gutu` chulrf`. \b sliuagalbt` rlcka
tcbt` pcrc ák h`g` pcrc su ncgakac. _lr` ckiub`s csplht`s fl zcf` trls có`s flspuás plrgatl h`gpr`dcr qul lk sló`r Xgatm
su plrs`bckafcf qul mcdçcb tlbfaf` c flscpcrlhlr c k` kcri` sl saiul flslbv`kvalbf` lnahczglbtl lb su trcdcj` y qul kc
fl k`s có`s pulflb cm`rc gcbanlstcrsl, fl tck g`f` qul pulfl ncgakac nubha`bc lb n`rgc crg`ba`sc. Lb lstl hcs`, ubc abtlr
cyufcr lb kuicr fl slr cyufcf`. vlbhaøb `ralbtcfc mchac kc ncgakac plrgataø lvatcr kc m`spatc
Kc lstrctliac
ncht`rls. talbl áxat`,
Lk tlrcplutc cp`yøylbástl ls p`sadkl
n`rgc farlhtc fldaf`
ck sló`rc vcra`s
Xgatm. kazchaøb.
4>> 4>9
4>= 4=1
49? 493
494 498
496 49<
pcbtck`bls fl sp`rt c lstc lfcf. k`s lstak`s fl k`s baó`s, su abtlb \b nulrtl salbf` cgcdkl y trcb gcfrl lb n`rgc farlhtc y tlblr
°Suá lfcf talbls0 °Falz0 haøb fl lstcdklhlr ub faãk`i` h`b quak`0 qul flscnacrkc. Lk tlrcplutc rlcka
lk baó` ls lvaflbtl. zc ubc abtlrprltchaøb fl h`gpkl
Xló`r F`ffs: °B` pulfls mc glbtcrafcf lb kc rlkchaøb gcraf`-
dkcr0 Mcdçckl ck f`ht`r. gujlr. \bc vlz gãs, k`s tárgab`s
Xhmwcrtz: Xcdlb, ls kc pragl Ch. Xhmwcrtz pr`p`rha`bc ub utakazcf`s sudrcycb k` p`satav`:
p`satav`: kc
rc vlz qul Fcvaf y y` b`s lbh`b pulbtl lbtrl lk sastlgc tlrcpáu gcfrl ls nulrtl, lk pcfrl ls cgc
trcg`s. Ls kc praglrc vlz qul tl tah` cbtlra`r y lk tlrcplutc. Ln 5
dkl. @tr` tlrcplutc, qul pusalsl
vl` cqua. Q gl kkcgc kc ctlbhaøb lstak` fl Xhmwcrtz, guy fastabt` gãs lk chlbt` lb kc pct`k`içc, mu
høg` sl pcrlhlb Fcvaf y Jcs`b flk fl Ymatcelr, lbnrlbtc kc pc dalsl p`faf` kkcgcrkc h`btr`kcf`-
lb hucbt` c ls` fl h`btlstcr prl t`k`içc y kc rlsastlbhac. rc y c ák pcsav`.
iubtcs. _albs` qul ubc fl kcs
lxplralbhacs qul mlg`s tlbaf` Xló`r F`ffs: Xa
Xa,, palbs` qul tl
h`b Jcs`b cqua ls kc fl qul c blg`s plrs`bckafcfls dcstcbtl
vlhls nul fançhak mcdkcr. Q b` sc `pulstcs. Lkkc ls, h`g` ustlf fa
dlg`s guy dalb p`r quá ls csa. hl, dcstcbtl vlmlglbtl.
C vlhls kc sló`rc F`ffs sl abtr` Ymatcelr: °C ustlf kl circfc
fuhl y rlsp`bfl c kcs prliubtcs. lst`0 °Kl iustc0
Ymatcelr: C ga gl pcrlhl h` Tl. Lxpkahc kc h`bfuhtc flk ba Xló`r F`ffs: Xç, sup`bi` qul
g` sa mudalsl guhm` nuli` lb kc ó` lb tárgab`s fl su abtlrchhaøb lb halrt` g`f` ls dulb`.
v`z fl gcga fl tck g`f` qul k` h`b kc gcfrl. Kc rlpltafc gltã Ymatcelr: Vlbi` kc agprlsaøb Ch. Xl cp`yc c cgd`s høbyu
fldl mchlr vchakcr c ák, °lm0 n`rc b` ls blictavc, yc qul b` qul ls csa h`g` b`s hcscg`s. Q` ils y c sus pcutcs trcbschha`bc
ckufl ck h`btr`k ` ck lb`j` gc gl hcsá h`b ubc gujlr vlmlglb kls. Xl flnabl lk kagatl flk sud
tlg`s. Kc agcilb lv`hc ubc fa` tl p`rqul lb halrt` g`f` s`y sastlgc h`byuick, k` qul pr`tlil
sc qul absparcrçc tlg`r, rlsplt` ` h`bflshlbfalbtl y trcbquak`. c cgd`s lsp`s`s. Kc gcfrl b`
cf`rchaøb, ck aiuck qul vchakchaøb. ls caskcfc h`g` lk "h`bgutcf`r"
h`btr`kcf`r, tck h`g` k` nul lb
Xló`rc F`ffs: B`, b` k`s ml Kc gcf
gcfrl
rl sl salb
salbtl
tl hulsta`
hulsta`bc
bc ub h`galbz` fl kc slsaøb, y lk
agpukscf` fl babiúb g`f` p`r fc y sl ch`g`f
ch`g`fcc ck tlrc
tlrcplu
plutc.
tc. pcfrl b` ls caskcf` h`g` lk qul
qul b` sá quá prliubtcs vc c mc ckaglbtc (sl( sl gcbtuv` lb saklbha`
hlr ustlf.
nulr`b: Gasfaklúbahcs
Jcs`b, pckcdrcs
ck f`ht`r Yma flsfl qul kl fa` fl h`glr ck dl
dá). Lk cuglbt` fl kc pr`xaga
tcelr k` qul tl fajl pcrc lk hcs`
qul tl mahalslb ckiubc prliubtc. fcf chtavc fl k`s høbyuils kadl
rcrã tcgdaáb ck pchalbtl aflbtana
b: °Suá0
Jcs`b:
Jcs`
hcf` fl kc ctlbhaøb cdrugcf`rc
Xló`rc F`ffs: Hucbf` tl fajl fl kc gcfrl. Lk gagltasg` flk
lb hcsc: huckqualr h`sc qul tl prl tlrcplutc tcgdaáb cp`yc ck gcra
iubtlb. .. °quá tl fajl0 f` y c kc gujlr, g`strcbf` qul
Hctmy: Suá kc h`btlstl. ák ls h`g` lkk`s.
Xló`rc F`ffs: °Suá Hctmy0 Tl. Lk mlhm` fl mc
mcdkcr
dkcr h`b lk
H`btlstcrkc. Lstc ls kc úbahc abfa pcfrl k` mchl `hupcr ub kuicr
hchaøb qul kls fa. Xa sl mchl ck
gãs hlbtrck, rlfuhalbf` k`µ ckhcb
iubc prliubtc, b` agp`rtc huãk
hls fl kc gcfrl.
slc, h`btlstlb.
Xló`r F`ffs: Q lkkc ls h`g` kc
Ymatcelr: ^cg`s _c. °Tlsulk Tl. Lstcdklhl
Lstcdk lhl h`btcht` h`b lk vafc flk irup`.
vls lk pr`dklgc fl qul Gc slc pcfrl, lvatcbf` rlsp`bflrkl c kc Ymatcelr: B` hrl` qul icbl Ch. Gagltasg` qul chlbtúc su
49> 499
kc Ymatcelr: Cqul
ncbtcsçc fl glbuf`
glbu f` ml
sa f`s tlbaf`
d`kcs fl ictlcbf
ictl
qul cbf`
` mchac
mchcactulkkc
qulrçcs ): °Flhafastl
lkkc):
gcfrl0 Dulb`, schh
schha`b
a`bck
pulstc
puls tc ck
c kccktl
cktlrbc
rbctavc
h`b
h`bfuhtavc
fuhtc h`g`
h`g
tc flk ` plu
rls
tlrcplu
tlrc
nuli` h`g` su lsp`sc sl hcscslb, vlb lbt`bhls. °Sualrls p`blrtl fl tc. Kc gcfr
gcfrll ls gãs h`b h`bflsh
flshlb
lb
t`f` sl abhlbfacrac. Q sa f`s ta rlhm` cquç y flharkl m`kc ck f`h falbtl,
falb tl, hcsa slfu
slfuht`r
ht`rc,
c, y cpcrlhl
cpcrlhl
p`s trcbquak`s h`g` ustlf ` h` t`r0 °Ls ub m`gdrl guy dulb`, ub mug`r ilblrck fl `riukk` y sc
g` y` b`s hcsá slrb`s, tlbgbcrac- b`0 tasn
tasnchha
chhaøb,
øb, h`b lk dldá
dldá lb lk hlb
hlb
g`s dkc, dkc, Gc. tr`.
Xló`rc F`fft: H`b ls` lst`y Hctmy. ¡M`kc! (V`gc
(V `gc ck dldá.)
fl chulrf`. C glbuf` k` fai`. Ga Ymatcelr (t`fcvçc lb lk pas`):
Fa`s, °quá `hurrarçc sa sl mudalsl °K`s hmah`s c vlhls sl p`blb
hcscf` h`b ubc hmahc h`g` ák0 vlmlglbtls h`g` kc gcfrl0 °@
|B` pcscrçc bcfc, bck lb ilblrck sl p`rtcb h`g` ustlf0
Xló`r F`fft: _albs` qul ls Xló`r F`ffs: B` sá. Lb ilbl Tl. Xaiul `t`ricbf` lk kuicr
halrt`. Hrl` qul ls p`r ls` qul rck talblb ub mug`r uban`rgl. C hlbtrck ck pcfrl, h`bstruylbf` ub
ftuaEG Just`s* vlhls lstckkcb. g`flk` pcrc sus maj`s.
Ymatcelr (ck dldá): M`kc. Ch. Lk tlrcplutc sl ubl c kc Ymatcelr: °\stlf tcgdaáb lx Ch. Tcstrl`. Kc lxpk`rchaøb fl
°Sualrls vlbar y vlrgl0 ^lb, vlb. ncgakac lb su csplht` butraha` t` pk`tc c vlhls0 ub csplht` fl kc h`bfuhtc flk pc
(_`bl ck dldá lb tu rlict`.) °Suá gcbf` lb drcz`s ck dldá, qul frl k` n`rtcklhl.
tck0 °Sualrls dcjcrtl0 (Lk dldá tl mcdçc lstcf` fcbf` vulktcs ckrl
d`n
d`nc.)
c.) flf`r fl vcra`s galgdr`s fl kc Xló`r F`ffs: C vlhls.
ncgakac pcrc qul k` t`gcslb lb Ymatcelr: °Høg` sl pr`fuhl0
drcz`s. Xló`r F`ffs: GuGuyy rcrc vlz.
Valbl qul trctcrsl fl cki` qul sl
Xló`rc F`fft: Ls ubc
ubc hracturc mc lstcf` fcbf` furcbtl guhm`
guy cgaicdkl. talgp` cbtls fl qul y` rlckglbtl
Ymatcelr: Gcrcvakk`sc s`brasc. lxpk`tl.
Hmcu. Ymatcelr: °Gc sl csustc hucb Tl. _rlslbtc kc p`sadakafcf fl
49= 491
4=? 4=3
4=4 4=8
Ymatcelr: Mchl dalb. Ch. Cp`yc. Xló`r F`ffs: B` fai` qul kkll
Xló`rc F`fft: Lbt`bhls y` gl iustl, plr` b` trctc fl crrlikcrk`
`hup` fl hcsa t`f` k` qul talbl ba bcfc p`r lk lstak`. _lr` c vl
qul vlr h`b kc fashapkabc. hls hucbf` t`f` cbfc dalb sl
Ymatcelr: °Suá `hurrl hucbf` Tl. Lfuhc. Kc, abtlbhaøb flk chlrhc c su gcfrl y kl fc ub
ustlf sl fashukpc0 °K` mchl0 °Kl tlrcplutc fl chtucr lb n`rgc mu !2ls` ` ub cdrcz` ` cki` csç.
fahl qul ustlf lstã lquav`hcfc0 gcbc `ralbtc ckiubcs fl sus prl Xló`rc F`ffs: @m, sç.
iubtcs. H`bsaflrc agp`rtcbtl kc Ymatcelr: Vuvl rlhaáb ubc aflc Tl. T`gpalbf` k`s kçgatls fl
hcpchafcf fl kc ilbtl fl cp`ycr k`hc. °Kls iustcb kcs aflcs k`hcs0 slpcrchaøb y k`s r`kls abfavafuc
y rlh`b`hlr c k`s flgãs. C gç gl iustcb kcs aflcs k`hcs. kls, lk tlrcplutc suialrl qul lk
X`b gãs favlrtafcs qul kcs aflcs pcfrl pulfl cprlbflr fl su maj`.
Xló`rc F`fft: @m, sç, k` ml h`gubls. Kc aflc k`hc qul tuvl
mlhm`. °B` ls halrt`, Jcs`b0 (Jc ls qul ák trctcdc fl lbslócrkl
s`b nal.) _lfartl fashukpcs.
fashukpcs. °B` høg` trctcr c su lsp`sc. Ls p`
tl ml fahm`
fahm`0:
0: "Dulb`, k` salbt`, sadkl qul ustlf slc flgcsacf`
Jcs`b, y`...". ^lcg`s. B` nul gcibãbag`.
mchl
qul y`guhm`
gl fatalgp`
hulbtc qul y` fajl,
flspuás qul
lstcdc lquav`hcfc.
Jcs`b (nal): °Hucbf` nul ls`0
Xló`rc F`fft: °Suá gl fahls Kc slsaøb tl abahaø
abahaø h`b ubc gc
fl hucbf` tl kklvá c kc lshulkc lk frl hlbtrck,
hlbtrck, h`btr`kc
h`btr`kcf`rc,
f`rc, qul
`tr` fac, y fajl qul kcglbtcdc talgprl
talgprl tlba
tlbacc rczøb y qul tl qul
mcdlrtl lgpujcf` tcb nulrtl, sg jcdc fl ub maj` nrustrcbt
nrustrcbtl.
l. Kc ab
scdlr k` qul pcscdc lb kc lshul tlrvlbhaø
tlrvlbhaøbb flk tlrcplutc
tlrcplutc mc k`irc
k`irc
kc0 °B` tl k` fajl0 °Sul b` scdac f` qul kct pcutct
pcutct trcb
trcbschh
schha`bc
a`bckls
kls
kcs tlbsa`bls qul slbtçcs0 gcfrl-maj
gcfr l-maj`` faltlb pct` c ububcc pcu
tc cmlgctavc,
cmlgctavc, lb kc qul ubc gc
frl g`klstc,
g`klstc, hukpcdkl
hukpcdkl,, kl pafl fat-
hukpct
hukpct c tu maj`.
maj`.
Ymatcelr: °Kc plrf`bc c ustlf Tc. Bulvcglbtl flspkczc ck
lb sliuafc lbt`bhls0 pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` fl ubc agc
ilb fl ckiualb abh`gpltlbtl c kc
fl ckiualb qul talbl lk p`flr fl
plrf`bcr ` b` c ubc gcfrl huk
pcdkl.
Xló`rc F`fft: °Gl plrf`bls,
Jcs`b0
Jct`b (rçl): Xa.
Jct`b
Xló`r F`fft: B` ls guy h`g
pcsavc _`r ljlgpk`, sa lbnurlhl
c su gcfrl mcstc ub pubt` lb
qul lkkc sl flslsplrc ` kk`rc ` ck-
ifcsa.
Ymatcelr: °Lb halrt` g`f` kl
iustc, lm0
4== 4=9
k`s kaic c hcfc galgdr` fl kc ncgakac. Lst` flgulstrc qul sl tlbuls h`b lk gubf` lxtlra`r pulfl abhkuar flsfl ub h`galbz`
lbhulbtrc prlpcrcf` pcrc lk h`btcht` h`b kc ncgakac. Fl slr ck tlrcplutc lb sus h`bnkaht`s y plklcr fl abglfact`. @trcs nc
p`sadkl, fldl mcdlr udahcf` lb kc mcdatchaøb sakkcs sunahalbtls gakacs sl pr`tlilrãb pr`p`rha`bcbf` ubc vlrsaøb `nahack fl su
cbtls fl kc kklicfc fl kc ncgakac. Xa mcy baó`s plquló`s, pulfl ncgakac, cdraábf`sl ck tlrcplutc rlhaáb flspuás fl qul ástl
slr h`bvlbalbtl qul fasp`bic sakkcs plqulócs y ckiub`s ju sl mcyc ubaf` c lkk`s lb ub sastlgc tlrcpáutah`.
iultls sushlptadkls fl ubc utakazchaøb trcbquakc. Kc praglrc prliubtc flk tlrcplutc ls pkcbtlcfc, p`r k` il
Hucbf` kc ncgakac sl salbtc, lk tlrcplutc ncgakacr fldl prls blrck lb tárgab`s ilbárah`s, y b` ls faraiafc hkcrcglbtl c
tcr ctlbhaøb ck g`f` lb qul sl udahcb. C glbuf`, su udahc babiúb galgdr` fl kc ncgakac lb pcrtahukcr. _`r ljlgpk`, pul
haøb pulfl pr`p`rha`bcr ckiub`s fct`s chlrhc fl k`s vçbhuk`s fl flhar: "Dulb`, vlcg`s quá ls k` qul k`s mc trcçf` cquç".
lxastlbtls lb kc ncgakac. Xl trctc fl fct`s gçbag`s, c k`s qul _lr` lk tlrcplutc tcgdaáb pulfl flhafar qul h`bvalbl faraiar
lk tlrcplutc b` fldl ctraduar lxhlsavc agp`rtcbhac. Xab lgdcr lstc prliubtc c ub galgdr` lsplhçnah`. Xa k`s pcfrls sl lb
i`, lb ckiub`s hcs`s pr`p`rha`bc lnlhtavcglbtl ckiub`s abfa hulbtrcb slbtcf`s jubt`s, pulfl faraiarkls kc prliubtc garcbf`
ha`s qul p`stlra`rglbtl pulflb vlranahcrsl. lb su farlhhaøb.
Lk tlrcplutc pulfl utakazcr k`s praglr`s gabut`s pcrc hmcr Lb ckiub`s hcs`s, kc praglrc prliubtc ls fltlrgabcfc p`r
kcr fl nrusklrçcs. Xa sl utakazc ckiúb lquapcgalbt` lsplhack, k`s vck`rls hukturckls fl kc ncgakac ` p`r ub sastlgc fl vck`rls
h`g` ircdcf`rls ` nugcf`rcs, fldl lxpkahcr fl quá sl trctc. h`gpcrtaf`s. _`r ljlgpk`, ub tlrcplutc m`gdrl pulfl fara
_ulfl abtlrr`icr c kc ncgakac sa lstãb pcscbf` ub g`glbt` iarsl lb praglr kuicr ck pcfrl fldaf` c ub sastlgc fl vck`rls
fançhak. Xl trctc fl ubc h`bfuhtc s`hack h`bn`rgl c kcs rlikcs h`gúb. @ pulfl slr h`bvlbalbtl mcdkcr lb praglr kuicr h`b
hukturckls fl cgcdakafcf. lk pcfrl p`r `trcs hcuscs. _`r ljlgpk`, ck trcdcjcr h`b ubc
ncgakac p`drl lk tlrcplutc h`bsaflrc qul kc gcfrl mc rlhadaf`
kc rlsp`bscdakafcf y `dkaichaøb fl kcs tcrlcs lfuhctavcs y flk
LXVCDKLHAGALBV@ FL K@X lstcdklhagalbt` fl h`btcht` h`b abstatuha`bls, p`rqul sl kc
H@BVCHV@X VLTC_Á\VAH@X h`bsaflrc cut`gãtahcglbtl h`g` glj`r h`b`hlf`rc fl k`s pr`
dklgcs fl k`s baó`s y gãs falstrc lb lk lstcdklhagalbt` fl
Vcb pr`bt` h`g` lk tlrcplutc h`bsaflrc qul kc ncgakac sl h`btcht` h`b kcs abstatuha`bls. Xab lgdcri`, sa lk tlrcplutc fa
salbtl gãs høg`fc, prliubtc huãk mc saf` lk pr`ircgc qul rail kc praglrc prliubtc c kc gcfrl ls p`sadkl qul lk pcfrl
trcj` c kc ncgakac c slsaøb. Lstc prliubtc h`bnaiurc kc bcturc sl flskaiul. \bc prliubtc cfaha`bck faraiafc ck pcfrl lbvacrã
klzc fl kc tcrlc qul mc rlubaf` c ub lxplrt` qul cyufc y c lk glbscjl fl qul lk tlrcplutc k` h`bsaflrc h`g` ubc plrs`bc
ubc ncgakac qul k` blhlsatc. Kc rlspulstc fl kc ncgakac h`bs saibanahctavc lb lk slb` fl kc ncgakac, qul fldlrçc pcrtahapcr.
tatuyl lb sç gasgc ubc abfahchaøb flk g`f` lb qul kc ncga Cub sa lk pcfrl `ralbtc lbt`bhls kc prliubtc mchac su gujlr,
kac bli`hac kçgatls flk gubf` lxtlra`r y chlrhc fl huãk ls kc yc sl mc k`ircf` lstcdklhlr lk h`btcht` h`b ák. Xu rlpkcbtl`
agcilb qul prltlbfl pr`ylhtcr h`g` pr`pac. fl kc prliubtc ls lb sa gasg` ubc n`rgc fl pcrtahapchaøb.
Kuli`, lk tlrcplutc h`galbzc c lxtlbflr su h`btcht`. Lb
Lb lstl h`b
lbhulbtrc pubt`, kc ncgakacqul
ub tlrcplutc ls ls
ub ub
glfa` crtanahack,
lxtrcó`. _`r k`qul sl
tcbt`, ubc ncgakac abtchtc, h`galbzc p`r ctrclr ck `tr` lsp`s`. Xa kc
sl h`gp`rtcrãb fl ub g`f` "`nahacr. \bc ncgakac h`b kagatls gcfrl mc prlslbtcf` lk pr`dklgc, lk tlrcplutc prliubtc lbt`b-
41? 413
lls ck pcfrl høg` vl kc satuchaøb. Xa lk pcfrl mc mcdkcf`, lk p`r lk rlhabt` ` h`bsuktcb praglr` c kc gcfrl0 Xa ub pcfrl
h`galbzc c mcdkcr, °kc gcfrl abtlrrugpl pcrc hckanahcr ` bl
tlrcplutc sl farail
_rlstc ubc c kclsplhack
ctlbhaøb gcfrl. c kcs slgljcbzcs y fanlrlbhacs icr k`, qul sl mc fahm`0 Hucbf` ub galgdr` fl kc ncgakac
mcdkc, °prlstcb ctlbhaøb k`s `tr`s c k` qul fahl0 °Huãkls s`b
fl kc n`rgc lb qul hcfc pcfrl prlslbtc k`s pr`dklgcs. _`r
kcs slóckls c trcvás fl kcs huckls k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac sl
ljlgpk`, kc gcfrl pulfl sudrcycr kc fls`dlfalbhac fl ub maj`,
pr`p`rha`bcb gutucglbtl abfahcha`bls rlnlrlbtls c quá h`
plr` lk pcfrl pulfl hcrchtlrazcr kc satuchaøb fahalbf` qul lk
gubahchaøb ls chlptcdkl lb lk h`btlxt` fl kc slsaøb0 Lk tlrc
baó` ls guy fls`dlfalbtl h`b su lsp`sc. Kc bcturcklzc fl kc
plutc fl ncgakac fldlrã scdlr p`r úktag` fl quá g`f` rlckazc
hcrchtlrazchaøb, ` abhkus` ubc abnklxaøb fl su v`z, pulfl abfu
trcbschha`bls kc ncgakac y høg` rlsp`bfl c satucha`bls fl strlss
har ck tlrcplutc c lxpk`rcr lsl ãrlc. Hucbf` abfciul, ls p`sadkl
lb lk abtlra`r fl kc ncgakac. Kc `dslrvchaøb fl lstl úktag` lb
qul lk pcfrl faic qul lk baó`, k` `dlflhl, plr` qul kc gcfrl
ub bavlk b` vlrdck h`bstatuyl ub praglr pcs` mchac su h`g
ls flgcsacf` abfukilbtl. Fl lsl g`f`, y guy pr`bt`, lk tlrc
prlbsaøb.
plutc sl lbhulbtrc lb lk glfa` fl ub h`bnkaht` abtlrh`byuick.
Lk pr`dklgc lxpkçhatcglbtl flnabaf` p`r k`s pcfrls habh` ga Flspuás fl qul lk tlrcplutc fl ncgakac nchakatø kc prlslbtc
but`s cbtls nul lk fl kc fls`dlfalbhac flk baó`. Lsc satuchaøb haøb flk pr`dklgc p`r pcrtl fl k`s pcfrls, abtlrr`icrã c ub
sl lxtlbfaø yc c ub ãrlc fl flschulrf` lbtrl k`s pcfrls. tlrhlr galgdr` pcrc h`b`hlr su `pabaøb. _`r k` ilblrck, b`
h`bvalbl qul lstc plrs`bc slc lk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf`, yc qul
Kc saiualbtl abtlrvlbhaøb flk tlrcplutc flplbfl fl su lvc sa k`s pcfrls sl mcb hlbtrcf` lb ub baó` hcrchtlrazãbf`k` h`g`
kuchaøb fl kc ncgakac. _ulfl plrgatar ` abhkus` ncv`rlhlr qul lk pr`dklgc, ástl sl lbhulbtrc lb ubc p`sahaøb flnlbsavc. Xa
lk h`bnkaht` pcrlbtck sl flscrr`kkl h`g` ubc lstrctliac pcrc lk tlrcplutc lstcdklhl h`btcht` h`b ástl, pulfl slbtar lbt`bhls
flspkczcr lk røtuk` flk "pr`dklgc" nulrc flk baó` y lxpk`rcr qul lk tlrcplutc sl ubl c kc h`ckahaøb qul k` chusc y qul kc
ub sudsastlgc gcraf`-gujlr p`sadklglbtl fasnubha`bck. Xab lg chlptc. Lk h`btcht` prlva` h`b `tr` galgdr` fl kc ncgakac
dcri`, fldl tlblr kc prlhcuhaøb fl b` cdrar ãrlcs fl strlss pulfl plrgatar qul sl gcbanalstl `tr` pubt` fl vastc chlrhc
cbtls fl qul lk sastlgc tlrcpáutah` sl mcyc flscrr`kkcf` mcstc flk pr`dklgc, cdralbf` csç ubc bulvc ãrlc fl k`s pr`dklgcs
ub pubt` lb lk qul pulfc cp`ycr c k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac fl kc ncgakac.
strlsscf`s. Xa lsl h`bnkaht` abtlrh`byuick sl gcbanalstc flgcsac
f` pr`bt`, lb kc praglrc slsaøb, ls p`sadkl qul lk tlrcplutc Lk tlrcplutc fldl p`blrsl lb h`btcht` lb ckiúb g`glbt`
sl vlc `dkaicf` sagpklglbtl c rliastrcrk` h`g` ub ãrlc pcrc h`b hcfc ub` fl k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac prlslbtls, abhkus`
ubc lxpk`rchaøb nuturc y k` ctlbúl hlbtrãbf`sl lb `tr` galg k`s baó`s gãs plquló`s. Ls p`sadkl qul b` h`bvlbic abtlrr`icr
dr` fl kc ncgakac. c ub galgdr` guy plquló` chlrhc fl su `pabaøb s`drl lk
Lk tlrcplutc prlstc ctlbhaøb ck h`btlbaf` fl kc prlslbtchaøb pr`dklgc, plr` lk tlrcplutc pulfl abtlrhcgdacr ckiubcs pckc
flk pr`dklgc p`r pcrtl fl kc ncgakac, plr` tcgdaáb `dslrvc drcs ` ilst`s cnlhtav`s h`b ák, pcrc mchlrkl slbtar qul n`rgc
lk g`f` lb qul sl h`gp`rtc kc ncgakac. Lb ub bavlk b` vlrdck, pcrtl fl kc slsaøb.
ls pr`dcdkl qul sl lbhulbtrlb guhm` glb`s h`bstrlóaf`s, y B` ls agprlshabfadkl qul hcfc galgdr` fl kc ncgakac slc
qul su h`bfuhtc slc gãs sagakcr c sus pcutcs mcdatuckls. Lk h`btchtcf` lb n`rgc suhlsavc, y qul lk tlrcplutc b` pr`saic
tlrcplutc t`gc b`tc fl t`fc h`gubahchaøb b` vlrdck lbtrl sus abfcicha`bls mcstc qul t`f`s k`s galgdr`s mcycb saf` h`b
k`s baó`s y k`s pcfrls. Xa k`s baó`s s`b ciatcf`s, °sl flspkczcb tchtcf`s. _lr` lb kc praglrc slsaøb ls agp`rtcbtl qul hcfc
414 418
416
41<
4X> 410
Kc praglrc lbtrlvastc qul naiurc c h`btabuchaøb nul h`b lk pcfrl y lk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf`, y kc gcfrl ctchcdc ck pc
fuhafc p`r ub tlrcplutc fl ncgakacs fl ircb lxplralbhac, Drcu frl c trcvás fl kc pchalbtl aflbtanahcfc (Nai. 6<).
ka` G`btckv`. Xaiul ubc slhulbhac lb halrt` g`f` g`fanahcfc
lb rlkchaøb h`b lk g`flk` glbha`bcf`. Kc praglrc ltcpc ls
drlvl, kc csagakchaøb sudslhulbtl flk tlrcplutc lb lk sastlgc
ncgakacr ls rãpafc, y lbt`bhls sus h`btcht`s h`b t`f`s k`s
galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac s`b abtlrrugpaf`s p`r ubc abtlbsc h`b" Kc gcfrl, p`r k` tcbt`, rlsp`bfl c kc cs`hachaøb flk tlrc
hlbtrchaøb lb lk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf`, Gcbfy, fl saltl có`s. plutc h`b lk pchalbtl aflbtanahcf` cuglbtcbf` su ctcqul h`b
_lr` t`fcs kcs tcrlcs pr`shraptcs fl kc praglrc lbtrlvastc s`b trc kc baóc.
ljlhutcfcs. H`g` h`bslhulbhac fl lkk`, lk tlrcplutc fl ncgakacs hcgdac
Kc lvckuchaøb lstruhturck flk tlrcplutc fl kc ncgakac H`r. lbt`bhls su lstrctliac, cp`ycbf` c kc gcfrl pcrc cp`ycr csç
flb ls kc fl qul lstã h`gpulstc p`r ub sudsastlgc ljlhutav`, c kc pchalbtl aflbtanahcfc (Nai. 6>).
kc gcfrl y ub
aflbtanahcfc ls maj` pcrlbtck,
utakazcfc h`g`G`rras, fl falz
ub hmav` có`s.p`r
lgascra` Kc pchalbtl
lstl sas
tlgc ljlhutav` (Nai. 68). Kcs abtlrvlbha`bls abahackls flk tl-
41= 411
8??
8?3
Xló`rc
G`b
G`btckv`:
tckv`: °Suá usø
I`rflb: Mcdkc.
ák0 °Ciuc0 Gcbfy:
G`btc
G` kv`:B`.
btckv`: °B`0 °Suasastl cyu
Gcb fy: Xç.
Gcbfy: fcrk`0 °Suasastl cyufcrk` c cpc
tckv`: °Xç0 °Q quá gãs0
G`btckv`:
G`b Tl. Abtr`fuhl ub sliubf` hcg icrk`0 (Gcbfy gcshukkc cki`.)
°_crc cpcicr lk nuli`, quá usø0 da`, pr`fuhl ub icgdat`. Gcba °Lm0 K` salbt`, b` tl `ç.
pukc lk h`btlbaf` y lk cnlht` pcrc Xló`rc I`rflb: Mcdkc gã gãss Kc sló`rc
sló`rc I`rf
I`rflblb chlptc
chlptc qul
cbckazcr kc h`gpltlbhac ‖h`g` nulrtl. lk tlrcplutc chtúl h`g` abfuht`r.
nul rlsulkt`
rlsulk t` lk pr`dklgc‖ lb ku Ck gasg`
gasg` talgp`,
talgp`, rlt`
rlt`gc
gc su r`k
icr fl dushcr c quaáb sl fldl h`g`
h`g` jlnl fl kc ncg
ncgakacakac,, lb ub
ubcc
chuscr. Kcs ncgakacs lb hrasas sul chtatuf
chtatuf fl h`b
h`btr`k
tr`k..
klb prl`hupcrsl p`r aflbtanahcr ub Gcbfy: Lk gl faj` qul b` k`
hukpcdkl. K`s tlrcplutcs fldlb mahalsl.
scdlr huãbf` h`rrlsp`bfl hulsta` G`btc
G`btckvp:
kvp: °_ulfl cyufcrgl c Ch. Chlptc kc `nlrtc fl kafl
bcr lstc h`bfuhtc. Lb lstl hcs`, lbtlbflr0 °Suá faj`0 rczi` fl kc gcfrl, utakazãbf`kc
lk hulsta`bcgalbt` qulfc agpkç h`g` trcfuht`rc. Xaiul kcs kçblcs
hat`. Lk tlrcplutc h`bnaiurc su fl h`gubahchaøb fl kc ncgakac, uta
prl`hupchaøb p`r kc rls`kuhaøb flk kazcbf` c kc gcfrl h`g` "h`b
pr`dklgc y lk rlsplt` p`r kc h`g gutcf`r".
pltlbhac fl k`s baó`s. Tl. _kcbtlc lk klbiucjl fl cp`
y: Xøk` ciuc.
Gcbfy:
Gcbf y` y h``plrchaøb lb kc facfc gc
G`btckv`: °Xøk` ciuc0 °B`
G`btckv`: Cl. G`fanahc
G`fanahc lk cnlht` fl ub frl-majc.
crr`jø r`pcs ` cki` csa0 ch`btlhagalbt` trcugãtah` abtlrl Xló`rc I`rflb: Lkkc
Lk kc faj` qu
qull ák
sãbf`sl lb kc flshraphaøb flk ab kl faj` qul b` k` cyufcsl. _r`
haflbtl. Lkk` cyufc c Gcbfy c dcdklglbtl kl faj` qul sckalsl flk
abtlrchtucr lb n`rgc h`gpltlbtl glfa`.
h`b ák. G`btc
G`btckv`:
kv`: @m. °_`r quá b` Tl. Bulvcglbtl flsckalbtc c
Gcbfy
Gcbfy:: B`. qulrçcs qul cyufcsl0 kc gcfrl c mcdkcr lb kuicr fl
tckv`: °Nul rlckglbtl ub
G`btckv`:
G`b Ch. _kcbtlc prliubtcs lb n`rgc G`rras, k` qul rlnulrzc kc rlikc
ircb abhlbfa`0 h`bhrltc, fl tck g`f` qul kc fl qul k`s galgdr`s fl kc ncgakac
csustcfc baóc pulfc rlsp`bflrkl fldlb mcdkcr lb b`gdrl pr`pa`,
h`b g`b`sçkcd`s.
g`b`sçkcd`s. Hucbf
Hucbf`` lkkc sl sab abtlrglfacra`s.
8?4 8?8
8?6 8?<
8?= 8?9
8?= 8??
83? 833
ircbf` ub halrt
ircbf` halrt`` h`b`haga
h`b`hagalbt`
lbt` lx Xló`rc H`rflb: Kálk`.
plraglbtc
plraglbtckk fl kc lstruhtu
lstruhturc
rc ncg
ncga
a (klylbf`): "K`s trls
Gcbfy (klylbf`):
Gcbfy
kacr. Kc
haøb flkgasgc slhulbhac,
tlrcplutc
tlrcplutc cs`hac
h`b Gcbfy,
Gcb fy, `s`s. Lrcsl ubc vlz trls `s`s qul
vavçcb lb lk d`squl. \b `s` lrc
ctcqul fl kc sló`rc I`rflb
ctcqul I`rflb h`b lk _cpã @s`. \bc `sc lrc kc Gc
trc Gcbfy,
Gcbfy, sl pr`fupr`fuj`j` h`b cbtl gã @s`".
ra`rafcf,
ra`ra fcf, plr` b` tuv` ubc abtlb abtlb G`btckv`
G`b tckv`:: ¡ Guy dalb, Gcbfy,
safcf sunahalbtl
sunahalbtl h`g` pcrc abfu abfu guy dalb!
har ck tlrcplutc
tlrcplutc c hcgdacr
hcgdacr fl ch Xló`rc I`rflb: Dulb`, pulfl
tatuf.. Cm`
tatuf Cm`rcrc cprlm
cprlmlbfl
lbfl lk mlhm
mlhm`` kllr lst` guy dalb.
fl qul kc sló`rc
sló`rc I`rflb trc trcbsn`
bsn`r
r G`btckv`: _lr` garl. Garl, kl Tl. Agatc lk g`f` fl chtucr
gc lk cp`y`
cp`y` farlht` c Gcbfy
Gcbfy lb g`strcrá. "Xc, pulfl mchlr lst`. y fl mcdkcr fl kc sló`rc I`rflb.
ubc h`ckahaøb fl Gcbfy y lk tl Xc". °Suá pcsc h`b ustlf0 Ctchc c kc sló`rc I`rflb lb n`r
rcplutc
rcplu tc lb h`btrc
h`btrc suy`.
suy`. Ls p` gc farlhtc p`r su absastlbhac lb
sadkl qul tlbic lk prlslbtag
prlslbtagalbt
albt`` gcbtlblr ubc h`bfuhtc hrçtahc.
fl qul lstã
lstã rlhrlcbf`
rlhrlcbf` ubc lstruh Xló`rc I`rflb: °Suá qualrl
turc ncgakac
ncgakacrr prlvac,
prlvac, cbtl
cbtlra`rg
ra`rglb
lb flhar h`b ls`0
tl lxast
lxastlbtl
lbtl,, hucbf`
hucbf` lk pcfrl lrc G`btckv`
G`b tckv`:: Hcsa bcfc, qul lkkc Tl. G`fanah
G`fanahc
c su ctcqul h`btrc
ub galgdr` plrgcblbtl, y pul mchl guhmcs h`scs dalb. Xcdl, kll kc sló`rc I`rflb fahalbf` qul
fl tlbl
tlblrr prlslbtl
prlslbtl lsl prlsl
prlslbta
bta guy dalb, ls cgast`sc, sab fufc k`s csplht`s p`satav`s fl Gcb
Gcbfy
fy
galbt`
galb t` pcrc vlranahcr
vlranahcrk`
k` p`stlra`r
p`stlra`r
galbt` pcrc vlranahcrk`
galbt` vlranahcrk` p`stlra`r
p`stlra`r ustlf maz` guhm` h`b lkkc. _`r gulstrcb kc chhaøb fl ubc dulbc
glbtl.
glb tl. _lr` p`r lk g`glbt`
g`glbt` lx qul b` lstã tcb ctrcscfc lb klh gcfrl. Lsc glzhkc fl hratahc h`b
plraglbtc
plrag lbtc ubc rlsastlbh
rlsastlbhac
ac ck cp` turc ba lb bcfc h`g` ustlf faj`. lk`ia` kl plrgatl c kc sló`rc I`r
y` c Gcbfy.
Gcbfy. Fldl abh`r
abh`rp`rcr
p`rcr lstc
lstc flb chlptcr kcs hratahcs y kl plr
lxplralbhac lb su h`bfuhtc tlrc gatl tcgdaáb flnlbflrsl.
páutahc.
páutahc.
Xló`rc I`rflb: B`, dulb`, b`
lstã guy ctrcscfc.
Xló`rc I`rflb: Dulb`,
Dulb`, lst` yc G`btckv`
G`b tckv`:: Xa.
k` mc klçf`. Kc sló`rc
sló`rc I`rflb absa
absastl
stl lb b`
Xló`rc I`rflb: Ls
L s sagpklglb
rçc G`b
G`btckv`
vlrtckv`: Dalb.
sa :lkkc °Q ustlf
p`fçc sliuarqul
kl tl qul b` pulf` lstcr h`btr`kãb chlptcr k`s csplh
chlptcr csplht`s
t`s p`satav`s
p`satav`s fl
f`kc t`f` lk talgp`. H`g` hucb Gcbfy.
Gcb fy. Ls p`sad
p`sadkl
kl qul sl trctl
trctl
ylbf`0 f` kc flj` crradc y dcj` pcrc mc fl ubc fl kcs n`rgcs lb qul rls
Xló`rc I`rflb: Xa. hlr cki`, lb f`s gabut`s ckiualb p`bfll ck tlrcplutc
p`bf tlrcplutc..
tckv`:: °_`r quá b` pruldc
G`btckv`
G`b pruldc Tl. Tlnulrzc su tcrlc cbtlra`r. gl kkcgc p`r cki` qul lkkc maz`.
c vlr sa pulfl0 tckv`:: °Suaáb kc kkcgc0
G`btckv`
G`b Flsvac ub ctcqul fl tap` "hma
Xló`rc I`rflb: °Lstl ls lk na °G`bas0 v` lgascra`'' g`fanahcbf` lk h`b
bck0 tlbaf`, cktlrcbf` lk slbtagalbt` l
Gcb fu: Cjc.
Gcbfu: abtr`fuhalbf` c `tr`s galgdr`s
Xló`rc I`rflb: °Xcdls k` qul fl kc ncgakac.
ls0
Gcbfy:
Gcb fy: Cjá. Xló`rc I`rflb: B`, b` søk`
Xló`rc I`rflb: °_ulfls kllr G`rras.
k`0 °Qc k` mcs klçf`0 G`btckv`:: °Suaáb0
G`btckv`
Gcbfy: B`. Xló`rc I`rflb: J`yhl, Flddal,
Xló`rc I`rflb: °_ulfls
°_ulfls kllrk`0 t`f`s lkk`s.
fy: Xa.
Gcbfy:
Gcb G`btckv`
G`b -. K c úktagc vlz qu
tckv`-. qull
834 838
`hurraø cki` p`r lk lstak`, °quá rraø kcs `trcs b`hmls. _lr` b` lstã fl Gcbfy
Gcbfy nul flsdcrc
flsdcrctcfc
tcfc ub
nul0 csustcfc fl gç. Lb rlckafcf gl halr
halrt`
t` búglr`
búglr` fl vlhl vlhls,
s, kc utaka
utaka
Xló`rc I`rflb: Suazã h`g` K`s mlrgcb`
mlrgcb`ss chuscb
chuscb c Gc Gcbfc
bfc,, hulbtc gãs qul J`yhl kcs h`scs zchaøb
zchaøb flk tlrcplu
tlrcplutc
tc fl kc pcupcutctc
hucbf` y` kc gcbfá crradc, kl fa h`abhafalbf
h`abhafalbf`` h`b kc sló`
sló`rc
rc I`r qul pcscb. @ sa b` valbl y gl mcdatuc
mcdatuckk fl "prl`hu
"prl`hupch
pchaøb'
aøb''' nul
jl q
qul
ul ka
kagp
gpac
acsl
sl su mcd
mcdatc
atchaø
haøb.
b. Lb flb.
flb. Lb lstl pubt` fl ¡c vafc nc nc mcdkc fl k` qul pcsø lb kc lshul chlptcf
chlptcfcc p`r ¡c gcf
gcfrlrl y J`yh
J`yhll
t`bhls lst`s f`s fldçcb lstcr kag gakacr
gakacr Gcbfy
Gcbfy ls ub dulb dkcbh`.
dkcbh`. kc. _lr`
_lr ` J`yhl bubhc gl gl hulbtc nul abh
abhkua
kuafc.
fc.
pacbf` kc mcdatchaøb. Gcbfy
Gcbfy b` Hucbf` k`s mlrgcb`s ck aiuck qul k` qul pcsø lb kc lshulkc.
mchl bcfc c glb`s
glb`s qul y` kc h`b kc gcfrl chuscb, kc cut`plrhlp-
haøb flk hmav`
hmav` lga
lgascra
scra`` h`g`
h`g` lk G`
G`btc kv`: Dulb`, ustlf fahl
btckv`:
tr`kl. J`yhl
J`y hl dcjø y faj`: "Gcga, qul lkkc b` lstã csustcfc y qul
Gcb
Gcbfyfy fahl qul b` vc c mchlr huk
hukpcd
pcdkl
kl sl rlnu
rlnulrzc
lrzc..
kl mcdkc. Valbl rczøb, s`b saib`s
bcfc". Q sa sud`, ls p`sadkl qul p`satav`s. °Valbl ckiubc aflc fl
J`yhl crrlikl k`s zcpct`s, galb p`r quá mchl h`scs pr`madafcs y
trcs Gcbfy k`s flscrrlikc, qul
qul b` fldlrçc mchlr0
J`yhl lstá h`kicbf` cki`, galb
trcs lkkc k` flshulkic. Xló`rc I`rflb: Dulb`, chlrhc
fl ls` b` h`bsai` qul gl faic
G`btc kv`: K
G``kvafcg`s
B`s btckv`: Klçstl
lçstl dalb, Gcbfy.
fl flharkl Gcb
qul fy.
kl Ch. Lk
gcfrl "b`s`tr`s"
c ubarsl abvatc c kc
ck tlrcplutc. bcfc. _lr`
_lr ` ubc vlz kl faj` c G`
rras qul kl iustcrçc arsl c vavar
yø dalb.
h`b lk pcfrl p`rqul ák kc fljcrçc
Tl. Hcgdac lk h`btlbaf`, hlb mchlr t`f` k` qul c lkkc kl iustc.
trãbf`k` lb ub ãrlc lb lk qul Dulb`, hucbf` lstuv` gl faj`
Gcbfy ls h`gpltlbtl. qul y` lrc flsh`bsaflrcfc h`b
Xló`rc I`rflb: Xa. Guy dalb. Kc sló`rc
sló`rc I`rf
I`rflblb h`btlg
h`btlgp`ra
p`ra lkkc p`rqul b` kc fljcdc mchlr
zc h`b lk tlrcplu
tlrcplutc,
tc, pr`d
pr`dcdk
cdklgl
lglb
b k` qul qulrçc.
qulrçc. _lr` ák b` k`s h`
tl fldaf`
fldaf` c qul
qul c trcv
trcvás
ás flk lk`
lk` rrail dalb. _`r ljlgpk`, sa mchlb
ia` fl Gcbfy
Gcbfy pulfl
pulfl rlstcdk
rlstcdklhlr
lhlr cki`, dulb`, sagpklglbtl k` mc
kc ckacbzc h`b ák. hlb. B` kl iustc qul rlhadcb pc
G`btc
G`btckv`:
kv`: Nçjlsl, lst`y prl`hu Tl. Fljc lk n`h` fl Gcbfy pc kazcs ` qul slcb hcstaicf`s p`r
pcf` p`rqul, sab fufc, lstcg`s rc lxcgabcr c cgdcs mlrgcbcs y cki`. _lr` Flddal lstã lhmcfc c
fcbf` vulktcs pcrc vlr sa p`fl c sus vafcs cnlhtavcs. \takazø lstc plrflr. Q ls`, h`g` ls cm`rc, cb
g`s cvlraiucr k` qul pcsc. Q ls lstrctliac lb favlrscs `hcsa`bls tls lrc tlrradkl, b` sl kc p`fçc
t`y h`bvlbhaf` fl qul sl fldl furcbtl kc slsaøb. _crlhl lnlhtavc kklvcr' c babiúb kcf` p`rqul ub`
mchlr cki` pcrc qul ustlf sl furcbtl ub halrt` kcps`, y kuli` sl slbtçc guy g`klst`. Q h`g`
pulfc slbtar trcbquakc hucbf` sc kc n`hc kazc haøb fl Gcbfy h`g` lk cm`rc, ubc vlz Jlrry kc kklvø cnul
kl. Lkkc
Lk kc b` vc c mchlr h`scs csa úbah` pr`dklgc fl kc ncgakac rl rc ‖hucb
‖hucbf`f` ák s`kçc vlbar, cm`rc
hucbf` ustlf sckic. _lr`, scdl, cpcrlhl. b` valbl bubhc‖ y nulr`b fl
lst`y gãs prl`hupcf` p`rqul J`y h`gprcs ` cki` csç. Lbt`bhls
Lbt` bhls y`
hl ls ub p`h` tçgafc. B` ls søk` fajl: kc v`y c fljcr h`b ubc dcdy
Gcbfy. J`yhl ls cki` tçgafc y b` sattlr p`rqul b` qualr` kklvcrkc,
mcdkc, y gl pcrlhl qul Gcbfy p`rqul sá høg` sl h`gp`rtc hucb
lstã ub p`h` csustcfc. f` lstã h`btai`. _lr` ák faj`:
Xló`rc I`rflb: B`, lkkc b` gl Kc sló`rc
sló`rc I`rflb chchlptc
lptc kc lx "Su
"Sualr`
alr` qul vcyc". Lbt`bh
Lbt`bhlsls kc
talbl galf`. _r`dcdklglbtl lstã tlbsaøb
tlbsaøb fl kc prl`
prl`hup
hupcha
chaøb
øb flk fljá ar. Lbt`bhls lbtrá lb ub bl
csustcfc
csustcfc c cm`rc
m`rc p`r k` qu qul.
l. .. ls` tlrc
tlrcplu
plutc
tc l abh
abhkuy
kuyll c J`yhl
J`yhl h`g`
h`g` i`ha`
Q lkkcpcrc h`gprcr
qulrçc ckiubcs
cki` ckkç. Q y`h`scs.
fajl:
ls k` qul gl pcrlhl. Gl pcrlhl pr`dklg
pr`d klgc.
c. Gal
Galbtr
btrcs
cs kc lstr
lstrctl
ctliac
iac
qul lstã csustcfc p`r k` qul `hu- fl sudrcycr
sudrcycr k`s csplht`s
csplht`s p`satav`s
p`satav`s "Dulb`,
"Dul b`, Flddal, b` ls pcrc v`s".
836 83<
Q lkkc lbt`bhls sl tarø lb lk pas` flr k`s pcplkls mcstc qul lkkc sl rc kc sló`rc I`rflb y Gcbfy s`
y h`glbzø c tarcr t`fcs kcs d`tl salbtc høg`fc. Xa kk`rc, ustlf fl
kkcs fl k`haøb flk lstcbtl. Jlrry jc fl juicr.
juicr. °Fl ch
chul
ulrf`
rf`00 kcs yubc
lb kc sló`rc I`rflb
p`sahaøb fl fcrls udahcfc
cki` c
b` quas`
quas` qul kl plicsl: "B` kl Gcbfy. Lstc
Lstcss hcrchtlrçstahcs fl kc
pliuls.
pliul s. Lsplrc mcstc qul kkliulb tcrlc abtlbtcb hrlcr ub h`btlxt`
c hcsc. Lsplrc
Lsplr c mcstc qul kkl lb lk qul kc gcfrl y kc majc utaka
iul
iulb b c hcsc". Lbt`bhls
Lbt`bhls . . . zcfc h`g` hmav` lgascra` pulflb
G`btc
G`btckv`:
kv`: °H`b Gcbfy pcscdc lbh`btrcrsl lb ubc satuchaøb fls
k` gasg`0 ch`stugdrcfc lb kc ncgakac. Kc
Xló`rc I`rflb: B`, bubhc chch sló`rc I`rflb ls h`gpltlbtl y
tuø csç. kl fc cki` c Gcbfy5 Gcbfy rlha
G`btc
G`btckv`:
kv`: Sualr` flhar, Jlrry Tl. Lxpk`rc kc utakazchaøb fl k`
k`ss dl y chlptc cyufc p`r pcrtl fl
y ustlf tlbçcb guhmcs fashusa` maj`s h`g` flsva` flk h`bnkaht` su gcfrl.
bls p`r... gcraf`-gujlr. Xló`rc I`rflb: Fl chulrf`.
Xló`rc I`rflb: @m, dulb`, ák G`btckv`: B` mcic flaaw-acf`.
b` qulrçc qul y` kl fajlsl bcfc Tl. Csliurc kc h``plrchaøb fl
°Valbl ub` fl ls`s rlk`jat`s fl Gcbfy flshradalbf` kc tcrlc h`
c lkkc. crlbc0 °Fl ls`s pcrc mchlr k`s
G`btc kv`: Lbtalbf`. °Lbt`bhls
G`btckv`: g` ub juli` lb lk qul lkkc flslg
mulv`s0 plóc ub pcplk lsplhack. Flspuás
mcdçc guhm`s pr`dklgcs lbtrl us
Xló`rc I`rflb: Xç. fl mcdlr k`ircf` qul kc sló`rc
tlf y Jlrry p`r k`s hmah`s0 Lk b`
qulrçc qul ustlf kls fajlsl bcfc G`btc
G`btckv`:
kv`: Mãick` furcbtl falz I`rflb chlptl kc tcrlc, pulfl mc
c lkk`s. gabut`s, b` gãs. _ulfl mchlrk` dkcr lb n`rgc farlhtc c Gcbfy y
furcbtl falz gabut`s. °Xcdls, pr`g`vlr ubc h`bfuhtc lfuhctavc
Xló`rc I`rflb:
I`rflb: B`, b` qulrçc Gcbfy, quá vc c mchlr gcga h`b mchac lkkc ck gasg` talgp` qul
qul k`s rltcsl. Lbt`bhls • • • v`s0 Lshuhmc, G`rras, p`rqul vcs kl csaibc ubc tcrlc qul pulfl
G`btc
G`btckv`:kv`: °Suaáb lrc lk ncv` Tl. Lxpk`rc kc h`ckahaøb c trc c tlblr qul huafcr c J`yhl y c kklicr c slr strlsscbtl. Xudrcyc lk
rat` fl Jlrry0 ( Kc gcfrl slóckcslóckc.)
.) vás fl kçgatls ilblrcha`bckls y Flddal. Xøk` Gcbfy vc c juicr. mlhm` fl qul Gcbfy ls h`gpl
°Gcbfy0 Gl pcrlhçc. Gl prliub rlckazc abtlrprltcha`bls agpkçhatcs Vú b` pulfls juicr, y tú b` pul tlbtl y fldl ljlrhlr lsc h`gpl
t ` . . . °^c c trcdcjc
trcdcjcrr lstc b
b`hml
`hml00 rlnlrlbtls c Gcbfy h`g` pcrtl fls juicr. °Dalb0 Vú lrls kc úba tlbhac lb rlkchaøb h`b su gcfrl.
fl ubckc h`ckahaøb
h`btrc gcfrl. pcfrl-Gcbfy hc qul pulfl juicr h`b gcgã. Kc tcrlc cpubtckc lk kuicr hlbtrck
Gcga tl vc c lbslócr c juicr h`b fl kc sló`rc I`rflb, plr` abtlbtc
Xló`rc I`rflb: °Lstc b`hml0 nøsn`r`s pcrc qul b` tl qulgls hrlcr ub bulv` lstak` fl abtlrch
Xç. ba qulgls bcfc. °Dalb0 °Kl vcs haøb lbtrl kc sló`rc I`rflb y
G`btc kv`: °C quá m`rc, gas `
G`btckv`: c lbslócr t`f` k` qul scdls0 °Kl Gcbfy.
glb`s0 vcs c lbslócr t`f` k` qul scdls s`
Xló`rc I`rflb: Dulb`,
Dulb`, kls fajl drl . . . 0 °Xcdls
°Xcdls prlbflrk`s0
prlbflrk`s0 (Xl
qul adc c kklicr tcrfl. crr`fakkc
crr` fakkc ck kcf` fl GcbfyGcbfy,, pck
G`
G`btc kv`: Gl iustcrçc qul
btckv`: qul nul Tl. Agp`bl ubc tcrlc pcrc lk glãbf`
glãbf`kl kl lk drcz`.)
drcz`.)
sl c su hcsc y trcjlsl lk juli` m`icr. Kc tcrlc lstã cpubtcfc søk` Gcbfy
Gcbfy:: Xç.
fl quçgahc. Q G`rras pulfl ar pcrc f`s galgdr`s. C k`s `tr`s G`btc
G`btckv`:kv`: Dulb`, guástrckl t` Tl. \takazc lk h`btcht` nçsah`
y huafcr c J`yhl y c Flddal p`r galgdr`s sl kls csaibc ubc tcrlc f` k` qul scdls. °Dalb0 Cm`rc gl pcrc rln`rzcr su tcrlc. Hrlc abta
ub rct`. Q c ga gl iustcrçc qul fanlrlbtl, k` qul fljcrã c kc sl iustcrçc qul s`stlbics kc gcb` gafcf y cnlht
cnlht`` p`satav` lb rlkc
ustlf kklvcsl c Gcbfy y kl lb ó`rc I`rflb y c Gcbfy s`kcs. Kc fl gcga. °Dalb0 Cm`rc gcga tl haøb h`b ub h`btlbaf` qul agpka
slócsl høg` gcbljcrsl h`b k`s tcrlc ls flshraptc lb fltckkl h`b vc c lbslócr c juicr h`b nøsn`r`s hc kc lnahcz ljlhuhaøb fl tcrlcs
nøsn`r`s sab qulgcrsl ` høg` tárgab`s h`rralbtls, h`b ub t`b` sab kcstagcrtl y sab kcstagcr c y kc lvatchaøb flk f`k`r.
prlbflrr nuli`. \stlf pulfl prlb-
prlbfl p`satav`. Xl trctc
tr ctc fl ub juli` pc- bcfal. °Dalb0
83> 839