NAME: SHIELA MAE B.

FORRO

YEAR AND COURSE: 2ND Year BS in BIOLOGY

SUBJECT AND CODE: GPE3 (2402)

TIME: 8:00 AM- 10:00 AM

“MODULE 2 ASSIGNMENT- BADMINTON”

1. What is Badminton?

Badminton is an aerobic activity that can help a person's overall health.

The shuttlecock must be volleyed to the opposite team by badminton teams who
must continuously move around the court. To win the game, they must be able to
re-volley it. Players can choose to play in groups or alone. Because they cover
the full court by themselves, people who play one on one receive a more rigorous
workout. Moreover, people who play badminton get a good workout as well. To
reach the shuttlecock, people must go back and forth while remaining upright and
extending. In fact, the muscles' strength and agility can be improved by this
continual activity. The action tones the muscles and is equally effective as lifting
weights or performing simple muscular workouts. Badminton players are forced
to make quick movements, which might assist people improve their balance.
2. Historical Development of Badminton with Pictures

Origin of badminton may be traced back over 2000 years to the ancient
games of battledore (bat or paddle) and shuttlecock (also known as "bird" or
"birdie"), which were played for decades in Eurasia nations including Greece,
Egypt, China, India, and Japan.

Imagesource:https://badmintonprofessor.com/history-of- badminton/#:~:text=Development%20of%20Badminton
%20According%20to%20%E2%80%9C%20A%20Brief,of%20Poona%2C%20the%20game%20was%20known%20as
%20Poona.

Battledore and shuttlecock was a game in Europe, particularly England,

from the 1600s that included two people striking a shuttlecock as many times as
they could before it touched the ground. Nowadays, we can still find a similar
game in Japan which is called Hanetsuki, it’s a very popular new year’s game
involving a wooden paddle called hagoita and a shuttle called hane.
Imagesource:https://badmintonprofessor.com/history-of- badminton/#:~:text=Development%20of%20Badminton
%20According%20to%20%E2%80%9C%20A%20Brief,of%20Poona%2C%20the%20game%20was%20known%20as
%20Poona

Moreover, the development of badminton according to Betty Uber's book "A

Brief History of Badminton from 1870 to 1949," modern badminton was invented
by British military officers in British India around the 1850s. A net was added to
the game at the time, and the game was dubbed "Poona" because it was so
popular in the garrison town of Poona. And during that time, when the weather
was windy and wet, the upper class preferred a woolen ball to a shuttlecock, and
thus “Ball badminton” was born. Retired British army men brought the game back
to England from India in the 1870s, and it quickly became a popular past time.
The sport was first established in 1873 at the Duke of Beaufort's rural home,
"Badminton House" in Gloucestershire, and has been known as Badminton ever
since.
 The Badminton House in UK

In 1875, a badminton club in Folkestone, England was started by retired

officers from British India. And in 1887, J. H. E. Hart of the Bath Badminton Club
standardized the rules. But, the Badminton Association of England issued the
original set of regulations, which were identical to the present rules, on September
13, 1893, in a home named “Dunbar” at Six Waverley Grove, Portsmouth, England.
 In March 1898, the first Open Tournament was held at Guildford the first 'All England'
Championships were held the following year.

So, by 1899, they had organized the world's first badminton tournament, the
"All England Open Badminton Championships." However, by 1934, the International
Badminton Federation (IBF, now known as the Badminton World Federation) was
formed with England, Scotland, Wales, Canada, Denmark, France, Ireland, New
Zealand, and the Netherlands as the founding members. Then by 1948, the
International Badminton Federation launched the first tournament: Thomas Cup
(World Men’s Team Championships). Since then, more world-class events have
been launched such as; Uber Club (World Team Championships for Women), World
Championships (BWF World Championships), Sudirman Cup (Mixed Team
Badminton Championship takes place every 2 years),World Junior Championships
(BWF World Junior Championships), and World Grand Prix Finals (BWF World
Badminton Grand Prix Finals, only the top 8 players in the year-end world rankings
were invited).
 Furthermore, badminton was first introduced as a demonstration sport at the
Munich Olympics in 1972, and then as an official Olympic event at the 1992
Barcelona Olympics. Only singles and doubles were listed at the time. Mixed
Doubles was added to the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, but Badminton remains
the only sport with mixed doubles events in the Olympics to this day. Since 1992, the
following countries have won gold medals at the Olympics: Indonesia, Denmark,
China, South Korea, Japan, and Spain.

3. Materials, Facilities and Equipment in Badminton with Pictures

The equipment and facilities of badminton includes the racket, shuttlecock, court,
posts and the net.

1. RACKET- Badminton rackets are composed of wood, aluminum, metal, or

synthetic materials such as graphite or carbon and are relatively light. Because
of their exceptional lightness and robustness, synthetic rackets are becoming
increasingly popular. A badminton racquet is 68 cm long and weighs around
98-100 grams (3 1/2 oz).

Image source: https://indoorchamp.com/badminton-rackets/

PARTS OF THE RACKET

 Stringed Area – is extended to hit the shuttle. It is of uniform pattern and does
not exceed 280 mm. (11 in.) in length and 220 mm. in width.
 Head– bounds the stringed area.
 Throat – connects the shaft to the head.
 Shaft – connects the handle to the head
 Ferrule – firmly connects the shaft and the handle.
 Handle – is intended for a player’s grip
 Butt – is located at the tip of the handle
  Frame – includes the head, the throat, the shaft and the handle. It is no more
than 680 mm. or wider than 230 mm.

2. SHUTTLECOCK - is the official name given to the shuttle or bird. It has a

leather wrapped cork head and is made up of 16 goose feathers. It weights
between 4.7 and 5.50 grams. It may be made of feathers, plastic, or nylon.

Imagesource:https://khelmart.wordpress.com/tag/types-of-badmintonshuttlecock/

 Feathered Shuttle – consists of 16 goose feathers. Its length is 62-70 mm. It

must be fastened firmly with thread or other suitable materials.
 Cork or Base – shall be 25-28 mm. in diameter, and is rounded on the bottom.
 3. COURT- although courts can be set outdoors, competitive badminton is
generally played indoor where the wind and other elements will not affect the
shuttle. The official badminton court is 20 ft. wide, while the singles court is 17
ft. wide.

Image source: http://www.ap-physical-literacy.com/badminton-court-measurement/

PARTS OF BADMINTON COURT

 Back-court – also called rear court. The back-court is 8 ft. of the court, including

the back alley.
 Baseline – also called back line; back boundary line at each end of the end of
the court parallel to the net and the doubles long service line.
 Long Service Line – in singles, the back boundary line; in doubles, the line 2 1/2
ft. inside the back boundary line. Any serve landing behind this line is out.
 Mid-Court – the middle third of the court from the short service line to the back
third, a distance of about 7 1/2 ft.
 Service Shot – area into where the service must be declined. A service may be
made to the right or left service court depending on the score.
  Short Service Line – the line 6 1/2 ft. from and parallel to the net. A serve must
land on or behind it to be legal.

4. POSTS - the posts should stand 1.55 m. ( 5 ft., 1 in.) in height from the surface
of the court. They must be placed on the doubles sidelines. For singles as well
as for doubles, they must also be firm to take the necessary tension when the
net is strained across to its full height. There should be no gap between the
post and the net through which a shuttle could pass. This can be ensured by
the use of hooks down the inside of the ports and a draw-cord along the
bottom of the net.

BADMINTON POSTS

Image source: https://bxhrsports.en.made-in-china.com/product/vesEpxcraXYR/China-Simple-Badminton-Post-YMQ111-.html

5. NET- At all times, this should be strained tightly so that its height from the floor
is 1.524 (5 ft.) long at the post. A measuring rod, should be kept by the umpires
chair to facilitate regular testing to ensure the net is still and its correct central
height and has not sagged.
 BADMINTON NET

Image source: https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/foldable-badminton-net-17514051462.html

4. Basic Skills in Badminton

The 5 basic skills in badminton involve your: Grip, Serve, Footwork,

Stance, and Stroke.

‣ THE GRIP- like any racquet game, having a proper grip in badminton is essential.
The correct grip will allow you to have more control and will help you dictate where
you place your shot. There are numerous ways of holding a badminton racket
depending on whether your shot is forehand or backhand.

For example, you could use the:

 Forehand grip: Anything on your racquet side (right side if you’re right-handed,
left side if you’re left-handed) whether it be overarm or underarm.
 Backhand grip: Anything to your non-racket side (left side if you’re right-handed,
right side if you’re left-handed) whether it be overarm of underarm.
 Universal grip: A type of backhand grip where your thumb has moved to the
edge of the fatter face of your grip. This is used for backhand cross-court net
shots, backhand clears, and backhand straight drop shots from the rear court.
 Panhandle grip: Where your thumb and the finger pinch the top of the racket in
order to tap/net-kill the incoming shuttlecock.
 Make sure to hold your badminton racket lightly no matter what type of grip
you use. In fact, the grip should be so light that someone can come along and pull it
away from your hands. This will help you prevent wrist injuries and improve the
angle and flexibility of your shot.

‣ THE SERVE- Service is another necessary skill you need to master for badminton.
A good serve is likely to get you points and may give you some advantage during
the rally.

There are two types of services used in badminton:

a. High Serve- when hitting the shuttlecock toward the back end of the court,
you can force your opponent to run to the back of the court (sometimes the corner).
A strong high serve will almost always save you from an opponent's smash.

b. Low Serve- by striking the shuttlecock toward the front of the court, the low
serve is intended to pull the opponent forward. If you hit a fantastic low serve, your
opponent will have to rush forward and beneath the shuttle to return it. Depending
on the quality of the return, you might be able to return the shot with a net kill/smash.

‣ FOOTWORK- another important badminton skill is footwork. You must constantly

alter your speed in response to the shuttlecock's speed. Because the players have
little area to move, strong footwork is essential. You will be able to conserve energy
and face shots coming from any direction if you use proper footwork.

‣ STANCE- in badminton, the stance is an important skill to have while returning an

opponent's shots. Proper posture will help you to efficiently return your opponent's
strokes and gain an edge in rallies.

There are three basic stances in badminton:

 a. Defensive Stance- you may protect against smashes by taking the
defensive position. Face the net with your torso and the racquet at
approximately waist height to assume the defensive position. Because
you'll need to make a quick, unconscious judgment while returning the
shot, you may also use this posture to accomplish a high clear. You may
do a lift while in the defensive position to buy some time.
b. Attacking Stance- you can return a short or high lift from your opponent
while in the offensive position. To use the offensive stance, position
yourself behind the shuttlecock, lift your arm, then shift your weight to your
racquet leg and smash the shuttlecock. You may also send a drop shot by
using the offensive posture and depending on the opponent's stroke.
When receiving the shuttlecock from the front or back of the court, drop
shots can be employed.
c. Net Stance- After sending a net shot, the net stance is utilized to return
the opponent's stroke. Your racquet foot should be front and your other
foot should be rearward. For the net posture, place the racquet in front of
your torso, just above your waist. Using a tumbling net shot is one method
to get into the net stance. The tumbling net shot causes the shuttlecock to
twirl and spin above the net, landing in your opponent's court. Your body
will automatically place itself in the net posture after sending a falling net
shot. Prepare to conduct a net kill move to an aggressive posture to
perform a winning smash while in the net stance.

‣STROKES- are fundamental to becoming a good badminton player and

executing superior shots.

Broadly categorizing, there are two main kinds of strokes:

a. Forehand Shots- when the shuttlecock is on your racket side, you should
play forehand strokes. As you swing over arm or underarm, your index
finger will control the forehand stroke. To play a forehand stroke, swing
your wrist with your index finger as support.
 b. Backhand shots- when playing backhand shots, keep the shuttlecock on
your non-racket side and control the strokes with your thumb. Your light
grip will allow you to easily swap between the forehand and backhand
grips when playing badminton. To play a backhand shot, place the back of
your hand in front of the racquet and swing your wrist forward while
supporting yourself with your thumb.

5. Proper Training and Nutrition in Badminton 

It doesn’t matter whether you are a beginner or a pro badminton player.

These six simple workouts can help you improve your athletic abilities. First is
strength training, which is necessary because badminton is a spectacular
physical activity. It works muscles in both the lower and upper bodies, and it
employs many muscles at the same time. As a result, there are several reasons
to strengthen these muscles. Next is the aerobic training, also known as
endurance or aerobic fitness, is essential for badminton. Essentially, the goal of
this exercise is to increase oxygen and food energy delivery to the working
muscles. Any activity that significantly raises the heart rate for a sustained length
of time is referred to as aerobic training. Next is the speed and agility training,
when we say agility it is the physical quickness that consists of the ability to
generate massive power and change direction rapidly. Great agility, quickness,
and fast reactions are necessary to succeed in badminton. While a few people
appear to be naturally fast , and agile, these are abilities which can be acquired.
Another one is flexibility training; badminton players utilize their flexibility on the
court to reach, turn, and dive. Stretching on a regular basis might help you
become more flexible. Before beginning a badminton training program or
competing, a player should stretch. Active stretches, such as PNF, will help
certain muscle groups become more flexible. Strength training will instantly
 translate to a competitive advantage on the badminton court. You also require
core stability training, which is a type of physical exercise that involves the use of
various training equipment and techniques to target the core area of the muscles
groups in order to improve human core function and the body's center of gravity
motion stability. Lastly, circuit training is a demanding and effective way of
conditioning. It helps to develop flexibility, coordination, strength, and endurance.

On the other hand, because badminton is an energy-sapping, fast-paced,

quick-reflexes focused, fast-racket game in which the smash speed exceeds
200mph when the shuttle leaves the racket after the smash, nutrition is also an
important component. So a badminton player has to take care of his/her
nutritional requirements on and off his/her badminton days to maintain a balance.
For example, on an off day, you may require 2500 to 3000 calories whereas on
competition day, you may require up to 5000 calories. Similarly, your requirement
for water, carbohydrates, electrolytes and other nutrients vary between his off
day and competition day. On the other side, it is preferable to consume less
carbohydrate and more fat and protein in the days leading up to a competition. It
depletes his liver's glycogen reserves. Then, for a day or two before the
competition, you can boost your carbohydrate intake, which will refill glycogen
stores to its maximum capacity. Badminton players also need vitamins like
thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin, as well as minerals like iron, to use the extra
calories they burn while playing. Fresh fruits, vegetables, greens, eggs, and other
foods rich in vitamins and minerals should be included in their diet. Lastly, before,
during, and after play, only enough water should be drank to satiate the player's
thirst. Water intoxication can occur if you drink too much water in the hopes of
quenching your thirst and improving your fitness. Drinking too little water in the
hopes of slowing down the game by bloating the stomach is likewise a faulty
notion.

REFERENCES:
Writer, S. (2020). What is badminton? Retrieved on September 8, 2021, from
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Badminton Professor. (2020). Brief history of badminton. Retrieved on September 8,

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%20Poona.

Alvarez, M., Erpelo, R., & Victorio, R. (2017). Badminton and its equipment.
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%20and%20facilities%20of,or%20synthetic%20materials%20such%20as
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Tariq, M.A. (2020). The 5 basic badminton skills. Retrieved on September 9, 2021,
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%205%20Basic%20Badminton%20Skills%20%28With%20Examples%2C
%20Videos,when%20the%20shuttlecock%20is%20on%20your%20racket
%20side.

Sports Uncle. (2019). 6 badminton exercises that will improve your performance in
court. Retrieved on September 9, 2021, from
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Badminton Life. (2012). Nutrition and badminton. Retrieved on September 9, 2021,
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