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Section 2 Strengths of Acids and Bases

The document discusses the strengths of acids and bases. It defines strong acids as acids that ionize completely, while weak acids only partially ionize in dilute solutions. Strong bases are those that fully dissociate into metal ions and hydroxide ions, whereas weak bases only partially ionize to form the conjugate acid and hydroxide ion. Strong acids and bases have higher acid/base ionization constants and ionize to a greater extent than weak acids and bases. The strength of an acid or base refers to its degree of ionization, which is independent of its concentration.

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Devine Rawls
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486 views

Section 2 Strengths of Acids and Bases

The document discusses the strengths of acids and bases. It defines strong acids as acids that ionize completely, while weak acids only partially ionize in dilute solutions. Strong bases are those that fully dissociate into metal ions and hydroxide ions, whereas weak bases only partially ionize to form the conjugate acid and hydroxide ion. Strong acids and bases have higher acid/base ionization constants and ionize to a greater extent than weak acids and bases. The strength of an acid or base refers to its degree of ionization, which is independent of its concentration.

Uploaded by

Devine Rawls
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name ___________________________________________________________________ Date _____________________

Acids and Bases


Section 2 Strengths of Acids and Bases

Skim Section 2 of your text Focus on the headings, subheadings,


boldfaced words, and the main ideas. Write three questions about
strengths of acids and basis based on what you have read.

Accept all reasonable responses.


1. ______________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________

Use your text to define each term.


strong acid _______________________________________________________________
an acid that ionizes completely

_______________________________________________________________
an acid that ionizes only partially in dilute aqueous solution
weak acid

_______________________________________________________________
the value of the equilibrium constant expression for the
acid ionization
_______________________________________________________________
ionization of a weak acid
constant

_______________________________________________________________
a base that dissociates entirely into metal ions and hydroxide ions

strong base
_______________________________________________________________
a base that ionizes only partially in dilute aqueous solution to

weak base form the conjugate acid of the base and hydroxide ion
_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
the value of the equilibrium constant expression for the

_______________________________________________________________
ionization of a base
base ionization
constant

Chemistry: Matter and Change 249 Science Notebook


Name ___________________________________________________________________ Date _____________________

Acids and Bases


Section 2 Strengths of Acids and Bases

Strengths of Explain why all acids are not equal in strength.


Acids _______________________________________________________________
Some acids ionize completely, which makes them strong, and
Use with pages 644–647.
other acids do not ionize completely, which makes them weak.
_______________________________________________________________

Identify the acids in the following table as strong or weak.


Acid Strong Acid Strong
or or Weak
Weak
acetic weak hydroiodic strong
carbonic weak hydrosulfuric weak
hypochlorous weak
hydrochloric strong nitric strong
hydrofluoric weak sulfuric strong

Describe the difference in conductivity between strong and weak acids.


_______________________________________________________________
Because ions carry electricity through a solution, strong acids

produce the maximum number of ions, and they are good


_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
conductors of electricity. Weak acids have fewer ions and, as a

result, do not conduct electricity as well as strong acids do.


_______________________________________________________________
Analyze equilibrium constant expressions by completing the following
statements.

The concentration of liquid water in the denominator of an equilibrium


constant expression is considered to be __________
constant in dilute aqueous
combined with Keq to give a
solutions. Therefore, liquid water can be __________________

new equilibrium constant, Ka. For weak acids, the equilibrium


_______________ products in the numerator tends to be small
concentration of the ____________
compared to the equilibrium ________________
concentration of the ___________
reactants in the
smallest Ka values because
denominator. The weakest acids have the ___________
their solutions have the highest concentrations of _____________
un-ionized acid

molecules.

Chemistry: Matter and Change 250 Science Notebook


Name ___________________________________________________________________ Date _____________________

Acids and Bases


Section 2 Strengths of Acids and Bases

Strengths of Compare and contrast the strengths of acids and bases by completing
Bases this concept map using the terms ionize, ionization constant, strong,
stronger, weak, and weaker.
Use with pages 648–649.

Describe the differences between the strength and the concentration of


acids and bases by completing the following statements.
The number of the acid or base molecules dissolved is described by the terms
dilute and ______________.
_______ concentrated The degree to which an acid or base separates
strong A strong acid
weak and _________.
into ions is described by the terms ________
can be a __________
dilute solution and a _________
weak acid can be a concentrated

solution.
Chemistry: Matter and Change 251 Science Notebook

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