Physics – Unit Review

Key Terms
angle of refraction hyperopia pupil
bioluminescence incandescent radio waves
centre of curvature incident ray ray diagrams
concave mirror index of refraction real image
converging lens iris reflected angle
converging mirror lens reflected ray
convex lex light ray reflection
convex mirror magnification equation refraction
cornea microwaves retina
critical angle myopia SALT
diffuse reflection near sightedness specular reflection
diverging lens negative meniscus speed of slight
diverging mirror normal line thin lens equation
electromagnetic spectrum optic nerve total internal reflection
electromagnetic wave optical centre ultraviolet light (UV)
far sightedness phosphorescence vertex
fluorescent plane mirror virtual image
focal length positive meniscus visible light
human eye principal axis X-rays

Key Ideas
1. Understand that light is produced natural and artificial sources and know what those
sources are
2. Explain how light is made up of electromagnetic waves
3. Describe the laws of reflection
4. Be able to explain how mirror produce images in both plane and curved mirrors
5. Be able to draw ray diagrams for various mirrors and identify the SALT characteristics for
different cases
6. Understand that light travels at different speeds through transparent mediums
7. Understand why light bends toward the normal when it slows down in a medium with a
higher index of refraction
8. Explain in words and with diagrams why total internal reflection occurs when an
incident ray is aimed at a medium with a lower index of refraction at an angle greater
than the critical angle
9. Know how to calculate the index of reflection
10. Understand how various lenses change the direction of light
11. Be able to draw ray diagrams to find images for various lens cases
12. Use the lens equations to calculate image and object locations
13. Use magnification equation to calculate height and distance of images and objects
Multiple-Choice
1. What is the correct term for light produced as a result of heating atoms?
a. Fluorescence c. Chemiluminescence
b. Bioluminescence d. Incandescence
2. What happens to the speed of light (v) in a certain substance (medium) as the optical
density and index of refraction (n) increases?
a. Decreases c. Remains constant
b. Increases d. Travels at 3.00 x108 m/s
3. For total internal reflection to occur, a light ray must strike the boundary from a…
a. More optically dense medium at an angle less than the critical angle
b. Less optically dense medium at an angle less than the critical angle
c. More optically dense medium at an angle greater than the critical angle
d. Less optically dense medium at an angle greater than the critical angle
4. In which of the following mirror can you always expect an image that is virtual and the
same size as the object?
a. Diverging c. Concave
b. Convex d. Plane
5. Which of the following diseases associated with vision is not the direct result of the
failure of the eye to form a focused image?
a. Cataracts c. Far-sightedness (hyperopia)
b. Near-sightedness (myopia) d. Presbyopia

6. Explain the difference between myopia and hyperopia.

7. Does the reflected ray in the illustration below obey the law of reflection? Explain why it
does or not.
No, The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.

8. How is a virtual image different from a real image?

10. State two practical uses for:

11. Draw a ray diagram of an object 0.75 F from a concave mirror.

12. Draw a ray diagram of an object 0.75 F from a convex mirror.

13. What is the definition of refraction?

14. How is the index of refraction related to the speed of light in a substance?

15. Draw a ray diagram for an object 0.75 F from a converging lens.

16. Draw a ray diagram for an object 1.25 F from a converging lens.

17. List the two parts of the eye that can refract light.

18. A) What type of vision problem does the eye below have?
B) Copy the diagram into your notebook. Add a correcting lens to your diagram and
show how the lens bends the light rays to focus the image on the retina.

19. A movie projector magnifies an image on 70.0 mm film to fill a screen 2.40 x 10 4 mm
wide screen. What is the magnification provided by the projector?

20. Draw a ray diagram to show how a plane mirror produces an image of the object shown
below.
21. A) In a sapphire, light travels at 1.71 x 108 m/s. What is the refractive index of this
gemstone?
B) Copy the diagram below and show how light will bend when passing through
sapphire (you need to calculate it).
C) Calculate the critical angle for light going from sapphire back into air.

22. A converging lens produces a larger, upright, virtual image that is 12.25 cm in front of
the lens. The object is located 5.10 cm away. What is the focal length of the lens?

23. While walking on a beach, you find a clear, colourless rock that may be a quartz (n =
1.46) or a piece of glass (n = 1.52). Explain how you could use variations in the angles of
refracted light and the index of refraction to determine whether the rock is glass or
quartz.

24. Many grocery stores carry “reading glasses” that you can buy to help you read small
print. What type of lenses do you think these glasses use? Explain.

25. Explain how a fibre optic cable can transmit information using light.

26. Explain why diamonds “sparkle.”

27. Sketch a colour ray diagram that shows how each of the different colours of the visible
spectrum (light spectrum) are refracted to explain how dispersion in a glass prism
works. Index of refraction: nair = 1.00; nred = 1.51; nviolet = 1.53