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法语笔记

This document provides information about using the verb être in French. It discusses: 1. Using être to describe a state, quality, or profession of the subject. Examples include "Je suis triste" and "Je suis étudiant." 2. Conjugating être in different tenses and for different subjects, such as "je suis", "tu es", "il est", etc. 3. Using nationalities like "français", "américain", and "espagnol" with être to say one's nationality. It also notes some exceptions involving c'est instead of il/elle and spelling changes for verbs like vouloir when used with

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48 views

法语笔记

This document provides information about using the verb être in French. It discusses: 1. Using être to describe a state, quality, or profession of the subject. Examples include "Je suis triste" and "Je suis étudiant." 2. Conjugating être in different tenses and for different subjects, such as "je suis", "tu es", "il est", etc. 3. Using nationalities like "français", "américain", and "espagnol" with être to say one's nationality. It also notes some exceptions involving c'est instead of il/elle and spelling changes for verbs like vouloir when used with

Uploaded by

suyi wong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Duolingo

J'ai un animal de compagnie

Alice veut une chouette. [she ette]

>….want ….owl

Le chien est dans le jardin.

être 
L'attribut or "complement" in English is mainly associated with the verb être and
describes

1. a state of the subject as in

FRENCH "ENGLISH"

Je suis triste. "I'm sad."

Je suis fatigué. "I'm tired."

Je suis excité. "I'm excited."

Je suis en bonne santé. "I'm in good health."

2. a quality or nature of the subject

1. Je suis français.
"I'm French."

L'attribut can be an adjective, such as triste ("sad") or français ("French"), as in


the examples above.

It can also be many other words, such as:

3. a noun to tell about:


NOUN TYPE FRENCH "ENGLISH"

a profession Je suis étudiant. "I am a


student."

a place Je suis au centre- "I am


ville. downtown."

Je suis au travail. "I am at work."

a trait Je suis un clown. "I am a clown."

a quality Je suis une "I am an


experte. expert."

Note: Some other verbs have un attribut, including the verb s'appeler, such as in
the dialogue phrase Je m'appelle Patricia ("I'm Patricia.").

B - Conjugation of être

The verb être is irregular; however, it is very common and used extremely


frequently in the French language. We use it not only to state information about a
thing or person, but also in other tenses. For this reason, mastering it is
important, as it will affect your French further in your studies.

To talk of nationality about yourselves or someone else, use first the appropriate
noun and verb form:

TALKING... FRENCH "ENGLISH"

About yourself je suis "I am"

To your interlocutor tu es "you are"

About a man il est "he is"

About a woman elle est "she is"


About you and nous "we are"
someone else sommes

About a person vous êtes "you are"


formally or a group of
people

About men or men ils sont "they are"


and women

About women elles sont "they are"

Tell About Your Nationality/Origin

Then add any of the appropriate nationalities, which you will find in the table
below:

"ENGLISH" FRENCH MASCULINE FRENCH FEMININE

"French" français française

"American" américain américaine

"British" anglais anglaise

"Australian" australien australienne

"Indian" indien indienne

"Belgian" belge belge

"Spanish" espagnol espagnole


"Portuguese" portugais portugaise

"Brazilian" brésilien brésilienne

"Swiss" suisse suisse

"German" allemand allemande

"Moroccan" marocain marocaine

"Italian" italien italienne

"Mexican" mexicain mexicaine

"Cuban" cubain cubaine

"Canada" canadien canadienne

"Russian" russe russe

"Japanese" japonais japonaise

"Chinese" chinois chinoise

"Korean" coréen coréenne

Ce vs il/elle

Before possessive words like mon or ma, you need to use c’est instead of il est or elle est

C’est+所有格+名词，不能用 il/elle（职业除外）

ce with all nouns, except professions when they don't have an article:

C'est mon père


C'est ma soeur
C'est Jean
C'est un médecin

But:

Il est professeur
Elle est médecin

我们 Nous 搭配 Ons words


With nous, most verbs end in -ons.

nous voulons we want


nous -avons we have
nous -habitons we live

Nous mangeons. We are eating.

Verbs
Some Verbs feature some spelling changes!

Je veux un taxi. I want a taxi.

subject verb (vouloir)

je veux
I want

tu veux
you want

il/ elle veut


he / she wants

nous voulons
we want

Au wow!
In French, à and le are never used together. Instead, they combine into au
Tu vas au restaurant. You are going to the restaurant.
Elle va au zoo. She is going to the zoo.

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