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IOQM Number Theory GCD AND LCM

1. This document contains 15 number theory problems involving concepts like greatest common factor, least common multiple, perfect squares, divisibility, and primes. 2. Some questions ask to evaluate expressions, find numbers satisfying equations, or prove certain statements about integers and their properties. 3. The answer key provides solutions to several of the problems, including finding greatest common factors and least common multiples, determining the number of divisors of various expressions, and identifying prime numbers satisfying given conditions.

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Karthikeyan
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2K views

IOQM Number Theory GCD AND LCM

1. This document contains 15 number theory problems involving concepts like greatest common factor, least common multiple, perfect squares, divisibility, and primes. 2. Some questions ask to evaluate expressions, find numbers satisfying equations, or prove certain statements about integers and their properties. 3. The answer key provides solutions to several of the problems, including finding greatest common factors and least common multiples, determining the number of divisors of various expressions, and identifying prime numbers satisfying given conditions.

Uploaded by

Karthikeyan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRE RMO – Number Theory

1. Let (a,b) denote the greatest common factor of a and b, and let [a,b] denote the least common

multiple of a and b. Evaluate the following expressions

(a) (15,20) (b) (66,121) (c) (126,184) (d) (2143567, 2143369)

2. Which of the following numbers is a perfect square ?

14!15! 15!16! 16!17! 17!18!


(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2

3. The product of two positive integers is 9984 and the greatest common factor of those integers

equals that difference between them. What are the two integers?

4. Give two different prime numbers p and q. find the number of different divisors of the number

a)pq; b) p2q; c) p2 q 2 ; d)pn q m

5. Given a prime number P, find the number of natural numbers which are

a) less than P and relatively prime to it

b) less than P2 and relatively prime to it.

6. Tom multiplied two two-digit numbers on the blackboard. Then he changed all the digits to letters

(different digits were changed to different letters, and equal digits were changed to the same letter).

He obtained AB⤫CD =EEFF Prove that Tom made a mistake somewhere.

7. The numbers a and b satisfy the equation 56a = 65b. Prove that a + b is composite.

8. Prove that n5 + 4n is divisible by 5 for any integer n.

9. Prove that n3 + 2 is not divisible by 9 for any integer n.

10. The natural numbers x, y, and z satisfy the equation x2 +y2 = z2. Prove that at least one of them is
divisible by 3.
11. Given natural numbers a, b, and c such that a +b+ c is divisible by 6, prove that a3 + b3+ c3 is also
divisible by 6.
12. What is the last digit of 777777 ?

13. (a) Given that p, p + 10, and p + 14 are prime numbers,find p

(b) Given that p, 2p + 1, and 4p + 1 are prime numbers, find p

14. Given the pair of prime numbers p and p2 + 2, prove that p3 + 2 is also a prime number.
15. Prove that the sum of the squares of five consecutive natural numbers cannot be a perfect square.
ANSWER KEY
1. (a) 5, (b) 11, (c) 2436 2. D 3. 39, 36 4. (a) 4, (b) 6, (c) 9, (d) (n+1)(m+1)

5. (a) P-1, (b) P2-P 12. 7 13. (a) 3, (b) 3

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