INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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Site Safety Supervisor

Competency Course

Part VI (E)– Occupational Safety

Piling Work Safety
1
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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Introduction
 Building and any other structures are carrying
dead loads and imposed loads.

 Those loads are distributed to the ground;

due to their characteristics not all grounds
have the capacity to support the loads.

 Strong foundations are required to ensure the

building or structure stability.
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Introduction

 Types of foundations:

- Shallow foundation – pad footing.

- Deep foundation – piles with pile caps.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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Introduction
 Piles are used as one of the options to transfer
the structure loads to stable ground.

 Classification of pile:

- Friction pile – load bearing derived from skin

friction.

- End bearing pile – load bearing derived from

bottom.
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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Introduction
Types of Pile

Pre-Cast RC Piles Spun Piles Steel H-Piles

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Introduction
Types of Pile

Bored Piles Micropiles

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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Introduction
Piling Activities

Pile Driving/ Installation Load Test

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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Introduction
Piling Method

Diesel Drop Hydraulic Jacked-In Cast In-Situ

Hammer Drop Hammer
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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Typical Hazards
 Lifting hazards - overhead loads,
swinging objects, rigging, loss of
loads, etc.

 Ergonomics - manual handling,

noise and vibration hazards.

 Moving plant - collapse, run

down other workers, etc.
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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Typical Hazards
 Collapse of load test kentledge - crushing
hazards.

 Overhead & underground services.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Selection of Equipment

 The locality of the work site.

 Noise.

 Vibration.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Pre-Inspection
 Valid certificate of fitness and operated by
competent operator.

 Sufficient capacity to handle load.

 Boom on the crane long enough to handle

maximum length of pile.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Pre-Inspection
 All lifting equipment such as
wire ropes, grips, etc. in
good working conditions.

 Digger mat provided in the

event of working on soft soil
to prevent collapse of pile
driving equipment or crane.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Pre-Inspection
 Ladder extended from the bottom of the leads to
the overhead sheaves are attached to the
structure supporting the lead.

 Working platform on level of the lead and

provided with safety railings and toe-boards.

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 INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Pre-Inspection
 Piling crews are provided with suitable and
adequate PPE.

 Locate all utilities in and near work site.

 Check conditions of adjacent building or

structures.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Pile Driving
 Supervise by competent designated person.

 Pile driver equipment and crane are park in

areas that provide safe entrance and exit of
the work area.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Pile Driving
 Wear appropriate PPE consistent with the
hazard.

 Only one person designated to communicate

with the crane operator.

 Avoid walking and working under suspended

loads.
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 INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Pile Driving
 Be aware of pinch points and
crushing hazards.

 Never lift pile at points other than

designated lifting points.

 Proper lifting techniques shall be

used; get help or use equipment if
necessary.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Pile Driving
 Be aware of loose materials, excavation drop-
off, tripping hazards and other obstructions.

 Never left working pile driving equipment

unattended.

 Always check vertically of piles being driven.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Pile Driving
 Connecting of piles by welding
should comply with
specification.

 Hammer of pile driving

equipment not in used should
be chocked or blocked in leads
or lowered to the ground.
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Pile Driving
 Dispose of salvage materials properly.

 Use gloves and long sleeves when handling

treated timber, sheet piles or steel piles –
practise good housekeeping.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Load Test
 Supervise by competent
designated person.

 Approved method of
statement.

 Check and ensure stability

of loads.
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 INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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General Control Measures

Load Test
 Work area is gazetted as prohibited area for
other workers.

 Only authorised personnel takes the gauge

reading.

 He/she move out as soon as possible after

taking the readings.
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Summary
 Piling is part of the foundation work for an
intended structure.

 Generally it involves with heavy lifting, pile

driving and load test.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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Summary
 The work is to be carried out by experienced
workers and supervised by competent
designated person.

 Work area is to be gazetted as prohibited

area to other workers.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

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