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Advantages: Q.1 What Are The Advantages and Disadvantages of Information Systems?

This document contains a student's answers to questions about business information systems. It discusses the advantages of information systems like improved communication and globalization. It also discusses disadvantages like unemployment and security issues. It defines business expert systems as knowledge-based systems that use rules and facts to provide advice like medical or engineering experts. It describes decision support systems as tools that analyze data to help with organizational decision making. Finally, it outlines the three layers of management information systems: operational support, knowledge work support, and management support.

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Zayd ShaiKh
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133 views5 pages

Advantages: Q.1 What Are The Advantages and Disadvantages of Information Systems?

This document contains a student's answers to questions about business information systems. It discusses the advantages of information systems like improved communication and globalization. It also discusses disadvantages like unemployment and security issues. It defines business expert systems as knowledge-based systems that use rules and facts to provide advice like medical or engineering experts. It describes decision support systems as tools that analyze data to help with organizational decision making. Finally, it outlines the three layers of management information systems: operational support, knowledge work support, and management support.

Uploaded by

Zayd ShaiKh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Business information system assignment

Zayd Shaikh core C


BBA019244

Q.1 What are the advantages and disadvantages of information


systems?
ANS

Advantages
Communication – with help of information technologies the instant messaging,
emails, voice and video calls becomes quicker, cheaper and much efficient.

Globalization and cultural gap – by implementing information systems we can bring


down the linguistic, geographical and some cultural boundaries. Sharing the
information, knowledge, communication and relationships between different
countries, languages and cultures becomes much easier.

Availability – information systems has made it possible for businesses to be open


24×7 all over the globe. This means that a business can be open anytime anywhere,
making purchases from different countries easier and more convenient. It also
means that you can have your goods delivered right to your doorstep with having to
move a single muscle.

Creation of new types of jobs – one of the best advantages of information systems
is the creation of new and interesting jobs. Computer programmers, Systems
analyzers, Hardware and Software developers and Web designers are just some of
the many new employment opportunities created with the help of IT.

Cost effectiveness and productivity – the IS application promotes more efficient


operation of the company and also improves the supply of information to decision-
makers; applying such systems can also play an important role in helping companies
to put greater emphasis on information technology in order to gain a competitive
advantage. IS has a positive impact on productivity, however there are some
frustrations can be faced by systems users which are directly linked to lack of
training and poor systems performance because of system spread.

Disadvantages
Unemployment and lack of job security – implementing the information systems
can save a great deal of time during the completion of tasks and some labor
mechanic works. Most paperwork’s can be processed immediately, financial
transactions are automatically calculated, etc. As technology improves, tasks that
were formerly performed by human employees are now carried out by computer
systems. For example, automated telephone answering systems have replaced live
receptionists in many organizations or online and personal assistants can be good
example also. Industry experts believe that the internet has made job security a big
issue as since technology keeps on changing with each day. This means that one
has to be in a constant learning mode, if he or she wishes for their job to be secure.

Dominant culture – while information technology may have made the world a global
village, it has also contributed to one culture dominating another weaker one. For
example it is now argued that US influences how most young teenagers all over the
world now act, dress and behave. Languages too have become overshadowed, with
English becoming the primary mode of communication for business and everything
else.

Security issues – thieves and hackers get access to identities and corporate
saboteurs target sensitive company data. Such data can include vendor information,
bank records, intellectual property and personal data on company management. The
hackers distribute the information over the Internet, sell it to rival companies or use it
to damage the company’s image. For example, several retail chains were targeted
recently by hackers who stole customer information from their information systems
and distributed Social Security numbers and credit card data over the Internet.

Implementation expenses – to integrate the information system it require pretty


good amount of cost in a case of software, hardware and people. Software,
hardware and some other services should be rented, bought and supported.
Employees need to be trained with unfamiliar information technology and software.

Information systems contribute to the efficient running of organizations. Information


systems are showing the exponential growth in each decades. Today’s information
technology has tremendously improved quality of life. Modern medicine has
benefited the most with better information system using the latest information
technology. By understanding and learning what advantages and disadvantages it
can bring, we have to try, believe and put an effort with our best to make that existing
advantage much better and navigate the disadvantages to have a less impact on
organizations and society.

Q.2 What are business expert systems? explain with the help of an
example.

ANS
• A Business Expert System (BES) is a knowledge based information system,
which is based on artificial intelligence. A Knowledge Based information
system adds a knowledge base that uses its knowledge about a specific,
complex application area to act as an expert.

• Expert systems are designed to solve complex problems


by reasoning through bodies of knowledge.The first expert systems were
created in the 1970s and then proliferated in the 1980s. Expert systems were
among the first truly successful forms of artificial intelligence (AI)

• BES provides decision support to managers in the form of advice from an


expert in a specific problem area such as medical, engineering and business.
BES is interactive in nature and it is able to answer the questions asked by a
user. For answering the questions, an expert system searches its knowledge
base for facts and rules and explains its reasoning process and results in the
expert advice to the end user.

• Dendral was a project in artificial intelligence (AI) of the 1960s, and


the computer software expert system that it produced. Its primary aim was to
study hypothesis formation and discovery in science. For that, a specific task
in science was chosen: help organic chemists in identifying unknown organic
molecules, by analyzing their mass spectra and using knowledge of chemistry
.It was done at Stanford University by Edward Feigenbaum, Bruce G.
Buchanan ,Joshua Lederberg, and Carl Djerassi, along with a team of highly
creative research associates and students. It began in 1965 and spans
approximately half the history of AI research.

Q.3 What is decision support system?

ANS

A decision support system (DSS) is a computerized program used to support


determinations, judgments, and courses of action in an organization or a business. A
DSS sifts through and analyzes massive amounts of data, compiling comprehensive
information that can be used to solve problems and in decision making.

Typical information used by a DSS includes target or projected revenue, sales figures
or past ones from different time periods, and other inventory- or operations-related
data.

Q.4 Characteristics of a Decision Support System


The primary purpose of using a DSS is to present information to the customer in an
easy-to-understand way. A DSS system is beneficial because it can be programmed
to generate many types of reports, all based on user specifications. For example, the
DSS can generate information and output its information graphically, as in a bar
chart that represents projected revenue or as a written report.

As technology continues to advance, data analysis is no longer limited to large, bulky


mainframe computers. Since a DSS is essentially an application, it can be loaded on
most computer systems, whether on desktops or laptops. Certain DSS applications
are also available through mobile devices.

The flexibility of the DSS is extremely beneficial for users who travel frequently. This
gives them the opportunity to be well-informed at all times, providing the ability to
make the best decisions for their company and customers on the go or even on the
spot.

Q.5 Discuss the structure of MIS

ANS

Information systems consist of three layers: operational support, support of


knowledge work, and management support. Operational support forms the base of
an information system and contains various transaction processing systems for
designing, marketing, producing, and delivering products and services.

THANK YOU!

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