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CHT 8 and 10 HW 4 Solution

The document is a homework solution that contains the following: 1) The solution to problem 8.6, 8.7, and C.8.11, with the latter discussing the iso-electric point of glycine being 6.07. 2) It describes an historical reaction for the study of chemical kinetics involving the inversion of sucrose into glucose and fructose in acidic solutions. 3) It provides five questions for a kinetics problem involving this reaction, asking about the role of H+, writing a rate equation, solving the equation, calculating a rate constant, and determining the optical rotation at infinity.

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2K views

CHT 8 and 10 HW 4 Solution

The document is a homework solution that contains the following: 1) The solution to problem 8.6, 8.7, and C.8.11, with the latter discussing the iso-electric point of glycine being 6.07. 2) It describes an historical reaction for the study of chemical kinetics involving the inversion of sucrose into glucose and fructose in acidic solutions. 3) It provides five questions for a kinetics problem involving this reaction, asking about the role of H+, writing a rate equation, solving the equation, calculating a rate constant, and determining the optical rotation at infinity.

Uploaded by

Charleruan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PH0161. Homework 4, 2007.

SOLUTION

1. Problem 8.6 (10 pts)

2. Problem 8.7 (10 pts)

3. Problem C.8.11 (10 pts)


Ans: There are two reversible dissociation processes in equilibrium in this problem (or
more, if you count that of water, for instance):
[-COO − ][H + ]
-COOH ⇔ -COO- + H+ for which = 10−2.35 (1)
[−COOH]
[-NH 2 ][H + ]
- NH 3+ ⇔ -NH2 + H+ for which = 10-9.78 (2)
[− NH 3+ ]
At the iso-electric point, the net charge of glycine molecules in solution is zero, which
means [−COO − ] = [− NH 3+ ] . Since these charged groups are from the same total pool of
molecules, one can confidently claim, accordingly, [−COOH] = [− NH 2 ] . Multiplying
equations (1) by (2) yields, after cancelling 2 pairs of equal concentrations,
[H + ]2 = 10−2.35 ×10−9.78 = 10−12.13 . Therefore [H + ] =10-6.07 . In other words, the
iso-electric point of glycine is 6.07.

4. Problem 10.4 (10 pts)

5. (20 pts) One historical reaction for the study of chemical kinetics is the inversion
of sucrose into glucose and fructose (as in the way bees make honey):

H2O+C12H22O11 --> C6H12O6 + C6H12O6


Sucrose glucose fructose
Each sugar component is optically active, with sucrose being most dextrorotary (right-
handed rotation for linearly polarized light). A rotation constant alpha can be defined as
the degrees of rotation per molar concentration per decimeter path length. Thus
αs=66.5o M-1dm-1 for sucrose, followed by αg =52.5o M-1dm-1 for glucose, and αf = -92o
M-1dm-1 for fructose. The minus sign means that fructose is levorotatory (left-handed
rotation). Therefore, the kinetics of this reaction can be followed by shining through
the sample solution a linearly polarized light and examine the rotation of polarization
over a fixed path length.

This reaction requires an acidic solution condition, with reaction constant proportional
to the concentration of H+. However, it was discovered when the solution pH was
monitored during the reaction that it remained constant.

a) What a role do you speculate that H+ plays in this reaction?


b) Write a kinetic equation relating the concentration of sucrose and the rate of
change of sucrose concentration.
c) Solve the equation to express the concentration of sucrose as a function of time.
d) Suppose the initial optical rotation of a 0.5 M sucrose solution was 70 o, and in
10 min the optical rotation dropped down to 40o, calculate the rate constant of
this reaction
e) What would be the value of optical rotation at t Æ infinity?
EXTRA CREDIT PROBLEM: 10.5.

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