1 INTRODUCING SCIENCE

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1 Introducing Science

S ECTIONAL E XERCISE
1.1 Learning about science efer to Textbook
p.4–15
Sectional Exercise

A. True or false (4 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. The study of the cause of flu is related to medicine.

2. Scientific discoveries and inventions are always good for humans.
3. Renewable resources can be replenished continuously in Nature.
4. The problem of war can be solved using scientific knowledge.
Integrated Exercise

B. Fill in the blanks (5 marks)

1. The study of phenomena and events in Nature through systematic (a) and
(b) is called science. The people who work in science are called
(c) .

2. Scientific such as computers and smartphones have greatly improved the

quality of our lives.
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3. Besides scientific inventions, scientists have made many scientific , for

example, the fact that the Earth is a sphere.

C. Multiple-choice (5 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. Which of the following questions CANNOT be answered by science?

A. Why does an apple fall to the ground?
B. Can we live on Mars?
C. How can we make a good friend?
D. When will fossil fuels be exhausted?

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2. Which of the following is NOT a scientific invention?

A. Vaccine  B. Wi-Fi

C. Microwave oven D. DNA

Sectional Exercise

3. Which of the following combinations about the scientist and his/her contribution is correct?

Integrated Exercise
Scientist Contribution
A. Charles Kao Invented optical fibres
B. Marie Curie Invented light bulbs
C. Charles Darwin Developed the theory of relativity
D. Albert Einstein Discovered the force of gravity

4. Which of the following is/are example(s) of renewable resources?

(1) Metal ores
(2) Water
(3) Air

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(4) Plants
A. (1) only
B. (1) and (2) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only

5. In the past, people lived in very crowded conditions and they thought that bad smell and air
caused diseases. After microorganisms were discovered, people know that many diseases are
actually caused by microorganisms. This shows that
A. the cause of diseases is bad smell and air.
B. scientific knowledge is subject to change.
C. people have become cleverer.
D. the living conditions in the past were bad.

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D. Questions (9 marks)
1. Name the branch of science related to each question below. (6 marks)

(a) (b) (c)

Sectional Exercise

What is the inside structure of the Why does an apple turn brown Why are some stars brighter than
Earth? when it is cut open? the others?

The branches of science

(d) (e) (f)

Integrated Exercise

Why can a ship float in water? Are corals plants or animals? How can we treat AIDs?

EM
ST
2. A self-driving car is a new technology that has been
developed in recent years. It has sensors, radar, GPS, etc.
After getting in the car, the ‘driver’ can simply pick a
Spelling Corner

destination and then he/she can sit back, relax and let the
car handle all the driving and even parking.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of self-driving cars? Write A if it is an advantage
and D if it is a disadvantage. (3 marks)

(i) Fewer traffic accidents (ii) Very expensive

(iii) May cause traffic congestion (iv) Fewer driving errors

(v) Easy for parking (vi) Loss of privacy as your movements

can be tracked

Total Score :   / 23

coral  珊瑚 radar  雷達 congestion  擠塞

sensor  感應器 GPS  全球定位系統
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1.2 Practice of science efer to Textbook

p.16–24

A. True or false (3 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. All scientific investigations involve designing and doing experiments.

2. Model building is a type of scientific investigation.

Sectional Exercise
3. In a fair test, the variable that we are going to change is called the dependent variable.

B. Fill in the blanks (6 marks)

1. The steps in a scientific investigation are shown below:

Form a Design and do

(a) (b) (c)

Integrated Exercise
Draw a
Analyse
(d)

2. is a type of scientific investigation which involves comparing the

similarities and differences between objects, and sorting them into groups.

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3. In science, can represent objects that are too small or too big to see.
They are usually used to show the structures of objects.

C. Multiple-choice (7 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. When experimental results do not support the hypothesis, scientists will first
A. slightly modify the results to make them support the hypothesis.
B. repeat the experiment to make sure there are no mistakes in the procedure.
C. form a new hypothesis and design another experiment.
D. copy other scientists’ results.

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2. Study the following figure.

A C
Some new leaves The water in the
have formed. fountain is cool.
Sectional Exercise

D
B The fresh air contains
The birds are singing.
oxygen.

Which of the above statements is NOT an observation?

3. Which of the following statements about evidence in science is INCORRECT?

A. Evidence in science usually does not come from experiments.
B. If enough evidence is collected in experiments, the hypothesis becomes acceptable
scientific knowledge.
Integrated Exercise

C. Science is based on evidence.

D. Evidence in science can be observations and data in experiments.

4. Amy hears that mixing used tea leaves with soil can help with plant growth. She wants to
design an experiment to test if this is true. Which of the following shows a correct set-up for
her experiment?
A. B.

soil mixed with

used tea leaves
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soil mixed with

used tea leaves

C. D.

soil mixed with soil without soil mixed with soil mixed with
used tea leaves tea leaves used tea leaves used tea leaves
from Brand P from Brand Q

oxygen  氧
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Directions: Questions 5 to 7 refer to the following description about performing a fair test
with okra.

Okra is said to help reduce the blood cholesterol level. A doctor carries out a fair test to find out
whether okra has such effect. He finds two groups of people with high blood cholesterol levels.
One group have okra in their meals every day, and the other group without okra.

Sectional Exercise
Integrated Exercise
5. Which of the following is the independent variable in this fair test?
A. Age of the people
B. Gender of the people
C. Whether there is okra in their meals
D. The blood cholesterol levels of the people

6. At the end of the fair test, what should the doctor measure?
A. The amounts of okra the people eat
B. The sizes of okra the people eat

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C. The number of people in each group
D. The blood cholesterol levels of the people

7. Why does the doctor carry out the test with two groups of people instead of two people?
(1) This allows the people to communicate how to eat the okra.
(2) This can reduce errors due to individual differences.
(3) The result will be more reliable.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

okra  秋葵 gender  性別
cholesterol  膽固醇
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D. Questions (4 marks)
1. The screens of smartphones often break when the smartphones are accidentally dropped onto
the ground. Tom is curious about which brand of smartphone has a more impact-resistant
screen. He collects different brands of smartphones and performs a test:
Sectional Exercise

Step 1: He throws the smartphone one by one

up to the sky and let it drop onto the
ground.

Step 2: He observes and compares the levels

of damage of the screens.
Integrated Exercise

(a) Write down the independent variable (the only variable that is changed) and dependent
variable (the variable to be measured) in Tom’s test. (2 marks)

Independent variable:
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Dependent variable:

(b) Give TWO reasons why Tom’s test is unfair. (2 marks)

He throws the smartphones one by one to the sky and let them drop onto the ground.
Therefore,

• the each smartphone reaches before dropping is different.

• the at which each smartphone hits the ground is
different.

Total Score :   / 20

impact-resistant  防撞的
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1.3 Laboratory safety efer to Textbook

p.24–36

A. True or false (5 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. We should wear safety goggles before entering the laboratory.

2. We should read safety precautions before doing an experiment.

Sectional Exercise
3. Notes and textbooks should be kept away from flames.
4. We should avoid shock when handling explosive chemicals.
5. A water-type fire extinguisher can put out all kinds of fires.

B. Multiple-choice (5 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

Directions: Questions 1 and 2 refer to the description below.

Integrated Exercise
The hazard warning symbol shown below is found on a bottle of insect killer.

1. The chemical inside the bottle is

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A. irritant.
B. corrosive.
C. flammable.
D. explosive.

2. According to the hazard warning symbol, what safety precautions should be taken when
using the insect killer?
(1) Wear gloves.
(2) Avoid shock.
(3) Keep the bottle of insect killer away from heat and flames.
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

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3. Which of the following experiments should be carried out in a fume

cupboard?
A. Mixing water with alcohol
B. Handling corrosive chemicals
C. Heating a test tube of water
D. Observing a burning candle

4. If chemicals accidentally get into the eyes when we are doing an experiment, we should
Sectional Exercise

A. keep calm and continue the experiment.

B. ask a classmate to get a bottle of eye drop for you.
C. find a first-aid box and look for suitable medicine.
D. wash the eyes with the distilled water from an eye wash bottle.

5. Which of the following is NOT a condition for a fire to start?

(1) Dryness
(2) High temperature
(3) Fuel
Integrated Exercise

(4) Oxygen
A. (1) only B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only D. (1) and (4) only

C. Questions (13 marks)

1. As shown below, Amy and Kate are heating a liquid in the laboratory.
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Kate
Amy

(a) Amy and Kate make THREE mistakes in the experiment. Circle the mistakes. (3 marks)

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(b) Amy accidentally touches the boiling tube and gets a heat burn on her fingers. She drops
the boiling tube on the bench. The boiling tube breaks and the water inside splashes
over the bench.

(i) To treat the heat burn, what should Amy do immediately? (1 mark)

She should place her fingers

(ii) Describe how Kate should handle the accident. (3 marks)

Sectional Exercise
• She should keep calm and

• She should with a brush

carefully and dispose of them in a

2. The steps of using a fire extinguisher are listed below. Arrange them in the correct order.
(4 marks)
(a) Squeeze the handle.
(b) Aim at the lowest part of the fire.
(c) Sweep from side to side until the fire is put out.

Integrated Exercise
(d) Pull the safety pin.

Correct order:   

3. A child played with a fuel lighter and accidentally burned his clothes. His father wrapped him
in a wet blanket at once and the fire was put out. The child was sent to hospital afterwards.

Spelling Corner

Briefly explain how the fire was put out using a wet blanket. (2 marks)

The wet blanket of the burning clothes and stops

the supply to the fire.

Total Score :   / 23

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1.4 Laboratory apparatus efer to Textbook

p.37–41

A. True or false (3 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. A spatula is used to transfer a small amount of solid.

2. All laboratory apparatus is made of glass.
3. When drawing a vertical section diagram, we should shade the diagram to represent
Sectional Exercise

the parts that are darker in colour.

B. Multiple-choice (3 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. Which of the following apparatus should be used to stir a hot liquid?

A. Glass rod
B. Spatula
Integrated Exercise

C. Dropper
D. Thermometer

2. Which of the following apparatus should be used to measure out 15 cm3 of liquid?
A. B. C. D.

100

100
200
50
80
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100 60

40

3. Which of the following is the vertical section diagram of a conical flask?

A. B. C. D.

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C. Questions (29 marks)

1. The diagram below shows some laboratory apparatus and safety equipment.

T U

A L
B
F M

Sectional Exercise
G

C H
N
I
O
J
D

E
K P
Q R S

Integrated Exercise
(a) Name each laboratory apparatus and equipment. (21 marks)

A B C

D E F

G H I

J K L

M N O

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P Q R

S T U

(b) The table below lists the uses of some of the above apparatus and equipment. Complete
the table with suitable letters. The first one has been done for you as an example.
(4 marks)

Use Apparatus/Equipment
To transfer a small amount of liquid D
To heat substances
To hold hot objects
To hold a test tube when heating
To protect your eyes

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(c) Draw the vertical section diagram of each apparatus below. (4 marks)

Apparatus
Sectional Exercise

Vertical section
diagram
Integrated Exercise

Total Score :   / 35

1.5 Using measuring instruments efer to Textbook

p.42–59
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A. Fill in the blanks (6 marks)

1. We use a (a) to measure the volume of a liquid. To

take an accurate reading, our eyes should be at the same level as the bottom of the
(b) .

2. In the laboratory, we usually use a to measure the mass of an object.

3. We can use a (a) to measure temperature. We can also measure

temperature with a temperature sensor connected to a (b)
Temperature is usually measured in (c) (°C).

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B. Multiple-choice (7 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. What is the length of the pen below?

Sectional Exercise
A. 14.3 cm
B. 14.4 cm
C. 14.6 cm
D. 14.7 cm

2. Which of the following units is NOT a unit of volume?

Integrated Exercise
A. cm3
B. L
C. mg
D. mL

3. The volume of the drink carton package shown on the right is 6.5 cm 4 cm
250 cm . The height of the carton package is about
3

A. 10.6 cm.

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B. 9.6 cm. height
C. 80 mm.
D. 100 mm.

4. Which of the following is an advantage of using an electronic

balance?
A. It gives precise measurements.
B. It is less expensive.
C. It can measure heavier objects.
D. It is a more advanced instrument.

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5. The apparatus shown in the photo is a

A. lever balance.
B. triple beam balance.
C. top pan balance.
D. spring balance.

6. Which of the following diagrams shows the correct way to measure the temperature of the
liquid with a thermometer?
Sectional Exercise

A. B. C. D.
Integrated Exercise

7. Temperature can be measured in degrees Celsius (°C) or in degrees Fahrenheit (°F). The photo
below shows a thermometer with both scales.
Spelling Corner

When the temperature is 0 °C, the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit will be

A. –18 °F.
B. 25 °F.
C. 32 °F.
D. 80 °F.

Fahrenheit  華氏
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C. Questions (14 marks)

1. (a) Draw a meniscus to represent the given (b) Draw a liquid column to represent
volume. (1 mark) the given temperature. (1 mark)
thermometer
70 30

Sectional Exercise
measuring cylinder
Temperature = 38 °C
60 20

Volume = 27 cm3

2. A student measures the volume of a stone using the method shown below.

stone

Integrated Exercise
displacement can

water
cm3 lower the stone into the cm3
20 displacement can 20

10 10

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(a) What is the volume of the stone? (1 mark)

(b) When taking the reading, the student should place the measuring cylinder on the bench,
instead of holding it in his/her hands. Briefly explain why. (3 marks)

The student can take a more (i) reading by placing the measuring
cylinder on the bench or any other (ii) surface, because it is easier for
him/her to read the bottom of the (iii) .

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3. Leo uses the instrument shown on the right to measure

the net mass (i.e. the mass without the container) of a
bottle of soft drink.

(a) Name the instrument. (1 mark)

(b) Describe how he can measure the net mass of the bottle of soft drink. (3 marks)
Put an (i) on the instrument and press the
Sectional Exercise

(ii) to set the reading to zero. Then, pour

(iii) into the beaker to
directly measure the mass of the soft drink.

4. Amy tries to measure the time for one complete swing of a ball (i.e. swinging from P to Q,
and then back to P). She measures the time taken for 10 swings and then divides the time
taken by 10 in order to find the time for one single swing.
Integrated Exercise

string

P Q

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4

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Time for 10 swings (s) 25.5 25.0 24.5 23.0

(a) What instrument should Amy use to measure time? (1 mark)

(b) Calculate the average time for one single swing of the ball. (2 marks)

Average time for 10 swings =

Average time for 1 swing =

(c) Why does Amy carry out several trials instead of one? (1 mark)

Total Score :   / 27

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1.6 Basic practical skills efer to Textbook

p.59–68

A. True or false (4 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. To save chemicals, excess unused solution should be poured back into the reagent
bottle.

Sectional Exercise
2. We should close the air hole before lighting the Bunsen burner.
3. The non-luminous flame is hotter than the luminous flame.
4. If strike back occurs, we should close the air hole of the Bunsen burner immediately.

B. Multiple-choice (5 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. When transferring a large amount of solution from a reagent bottle to a boiling tube,
A. we can pour it out directly.

Integrated Exercise
B. we should use a dropper to transfer it carefully.
C. we should ask for teacher’s assistance.
D. we should first pour it out into a beaker and then transfer it from the beaker to the
boiling tube using a dropper.

2. Which of the following is NOT a correct way to mix solutions?

A. B.

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C. D.

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3. The diagrams below show the steps in using a dropper to transfer a solution.

p q r s

squeeze

empty test
Sectional Exercise

solution tube

Which of the following shows the steps in the correct order?

A. r  s  p  q
B. r  p  s  q
C. p  r  s  q
D. p  s  r  q
Integrated Exercise

4. When we use a Bunsen burner to heat substances in the laboratory, we should

(1) fully open the air hole.
(2) wear safety goggles.
(3) not touch the chimney.
(4) put a heat-proof mat under the Bunsen burner.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (2) and (3) only
C. (2), (3) and (4) only
D. (1), (2), (3) and (4)
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5. Which of the following shows the most suitable way to heat a small amount of water in a
boiling tube?
A. B. C. D.

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C. Questions (17 marks)

1. Label different parts of the Bunsen burner in the diagram below. (5 marks)

(c)
(a)

Sectional Exercise
(d)

(b)

(e)

Integrated Exercise
2. Draw the Bunsen flames in the diagrams below and complete the table. (12 marks)

Air hole is closed Air hole is open

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air hole is air hole is
closed open

Shape (regular/irregular)

Colour (yellow/blue)

Temperature (higher/lower)

Brightness (luminous/non-luminous)

Noise level (quiet/noisy)

Total Score :   / 26

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I NTEGRATED E XERCISE
A. True or false (8 marks)
Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. When carrying out a fair test, we should keep all variables the same.
2. If an investigation is not a fair test, no conclusion can be drawn.
3. Fair test is the only type of scientific investigation.
Sectional Exercise

4. Oxygen is necessary for a fire to start.

5. Water type fire extinguishers can be used on fires caused by burning oil.
6. An evaporating dish is used for holding a small amount of liquid.
7. We should draw vertical section diagrams with a blue ball pen.
8. We can use a coloured alcohol thermometer to measure the temperature of boiling
water.
Integrated Exercise

B. Multiple-choice (10 marks)

Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. Which of the following questions CANNOT be answered by science?

(1) Does water boil at a higher temperature when table salt is added?
(2) Does brand X battery have a longer life than brand Y battery?
(3) Will your class win the football match tomorrow?
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
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C. (1) and (2) only

D. (2) and (3) only

2. The photo shows Peter’s birthday gift received from his

parents. Peter tries to observe and guess what the gift is
without opening the box. Which of the following is NOT
an observation?
A. The gift is heavy in weight.
B. The size of the gift is larger than his hands.
C. The gift may be a camera.
D. The gift is not attracted by a magnet.

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3. The photos below show two different types of flies.

head

thorax

abdomen

Sectional Exercise
wing

Which of the following are differences between them?

(1) Appearance of the head
(2) Markings on the thorax
(3) Markings on the abdomen
(4) Number of wings

Integrated Exercise
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (2) and (3) only
C. (1), (2) and (3) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only

4. What is the use of the apparatus shown on the right?

A. To transfer a small amount of liquid
B. To transfer a small amount of powder
C. To stir a solution

Spelling Corner
D. To mix two kinds of liquids

5. What is the volume of the water in the measuring cylinder (in mL) shown below?

A. 50 mL
B. 51 mL
C. 5.0 mL
D. 5.1 mL

thorax  胸
abdomen  腹
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6. What is the reading of the thermometer shown on

the right?
A. 39.4 °C
B. 39.5 °C
C. 39.6 °C
D. 39.8 °C
Sectional Exercise

Directions: Questions 7 and 8 refer to the following information.

After a smartphone battery is fully charged, the actual power available may not be 100%. The
power available from a smartphone battery varies with temperature. The graph below shows the
actual powers available from a smartphone battery at three different temperatures.

100%

75%
Integrated Exercise

Actual power available (%) 50%

25%

0%
25 0 –20
Temperature (°C)
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7. What is the actual power available from a smartphone battery at 0 °C?

A. 75%
B. 45%
C. 33%
D. 12%

8. Which of the following can be inferred from the above data?

A. Temperature affects the power available from a smartphone battery.
B. Temperature has no effect on the power available from a smartphone battery.
C. The actual power available from a smartphone battery is highest at –20 °C.
D. A smartphone battery can be used for a shorter time at higher temperatures.

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9. Joe wants to carry out a test to find out how the original length of a spring affects its stretched
length when a weight is hung at the end. Which pair(s) of springs below can he use to carry
out the test?

Sectional Exercise
P Q R S

(1) P and S
(2) P and R
(3) Q and S
(4) Q and R

Integrated Exercise
A. (1) only
B. (4) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (2) and (4) only

10. When the air hole of a Bunsen burner is closed,

A. the flame is hotter.
B. the flame is luminous.
C. the flame is blue in colour.

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D. the flame has a regular shape.

C. Questions (32 marks)

1. What unit will you use for each measurement below? Write the symbol of the unit.
(5 marks)

(a) Length of the Great Wall of China

(b) Duration of a flight from Hong Kong to London

(c) Volume of a can of soft drink

(d) Temperature of a glass of iced water

(e) Mass of a tennis ball

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2. Classify the following natural resources into renewable and non-renewable resources.
(6 marks)

plants metal ores animals water fossil fuels air

Renewable resources Non-renewable resources

Sectional Exercise

3. The pictures below show the story of the development of vaccine by Dr. Jenner (1749–1823).
Arrange the pictures in the correct order, and write the step in a scientific investigation
represented by each picture. (6 marks)

Correct order: ➔ ➔ ➔

i I’m right. People who have ii

caught cowpox before have
an ability to fight against
Integrated Exercise

smallpox.

Milkmaids who have caught

cowpox before seldom caught
smallpox.
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iii iv

Dr. Jenner put some

pus from a person who
had cowpox into a
boy’s body. The boy
suffered from cowpox
but got well after a few
Perhaps people who have days. Then, Dr. Jenner
caught cowpox before put some smallpox pus
have an ability to fight into the boy’s body.
against smallpox. However, the boy did
not catch smallpox.

cowpox  牛痘 smallpox  天花
milkmaid  擠奶女工 pus  膿
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4. Draw the vertical section diagram of the experimental set-up shown below. Label all the
apparatus in the diagram. (8 marks)

Sectional Exercise
Integrated Exercise
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5. Karen sees the advertisement of a desiccant in a magazine.

SUPER BRAND
SUPER BRAND
DESICCANT
Don’t miss the most effective
desiccant in this humid spring!!
Sectional Exercise

Buy now to enjoy 10% off

Karen wants to compare the water-absorbing ability of Super Brand desiccant with three other
brands of desiccant. She designs the experimental set-up as shown below.
Integrated Exercise

box box

50 cm3 of 50 cm3 of
water water

100 g Super Brand desiccant 100 g Brand P desiccant

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box box

40 cm3 of 50 cm3 of
water water

50 g Brand Q desiccant 100 g Brand R desiccant

(a) Karen’s experiment is not a fair test. Briefly explain why. (2 marks)

• The in the beakers are different.

• The on the watch glasses are different.

desiccant  乾燥劑
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According to her teacher’s advices, Karen then modifies her experimental set-up.

(b) Write down the variables involved in Karen’s experiment. (4 marks)

Independent variable Dependent variable Controlled variables

(the only variable that is changed) (the variable to be measured) (variables that are kept the same)

Sectional Exercise
(c) After one day, Karen measures the volumes of water remaining in the beakers. The table
below shows her results.

Brand of desiccant Volume of water remaining (cm3)

Super Brand desiccant 40

Brand P desiccant 45

Integrated Exercise
Brand Q desiccant 38

Brand R desiccant 43

According to the results, which brand of desiccant has the best water-absorbing
ability? (1 mark)

Total Score :   / 50

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 All answers
1 Introducing Science

S PELLING C ORNER
Look at each group of figures below. Use one key term in science to describe the figures. The
letters forming the missing part of the key term can be found on the right.
1.
P A P
R
U A
T A
Sectional Exercise

Key term:

2.
I I
Integrated Exercise

N
N E
T O
N V

Key term: SCIENTIFIC 

Spelling Corner

3.

U I M
E
Q N
P E
T
Key term: SAFETY 

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