Name: _____________________________ Class: __________________ Date: __________________

Cells and Energy

Chapter Test B
Answer Key
Multiple Choice 20. The Calvin cycle. Sample answer: The
1. b Calvin cycle uses energy from the light-
2. b dependent reactions, and carbon dioxide
3. a from the atmosphere, to produce sugar
4. d molecules.
5. c 21. The diagram shows glycolysis, fermentation,
6. c and cellular respiration. Sample answer:
7. b Glycolysis produces the NADH and
8. c pyruvate that can be used in both processes.
9. b 22. Accept any two: ATP, NADH, FADH2.
10. d 23. oxygen
11. a 24. The Krebs cycle, or citric acid cycle. For
12. c products, accept any three: carbon dioxide,
13. d NADH, FADH2, ATP.
14. b 25. During strenuous exercise, there is not
15. a enough oxygen present in the cells to pick
Short Answer up electrons from the electron transport
16. The diagram shows the process of chain. Instead, fermentation produces a
photosynthesis. Sample answer: The stacked steady supply of NAD+ so that glycolysis
structure is a granum, which contains the can continue. This process cannot continue
thylakoids. The light-dependent reactions indefinitely, because glycolysis makes very
occur in and across the thylakoid membrane. little ATP and fermentation produces a toxic
17. NADPH and ATP waste product (lactic acid).
18. Reactants: water, carbon dioxide. Products:
glucose (sugars) and oxygen.
19. Membrane of the thylakoids If water were
unavailable, then there would be no supply
of hydrogen ions to be pumped inside the
thylakoid membrane. If the concentration of
hydrogen ions were not higher inside the
thylakoid membrane—or if there were no
chemiosmoticgradient—then no hydrogen
ions would diffuse through ATP synthase
and no ATP would be made by the light-
dependent reactions.

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Biology 1 Cells and Energy

Name: _____________________________ Class: __________________ Date: __________________
Cells and Energy

Chapter Test B
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Choose the letter of the best answer. (15 credits)

_____ 1. Which of the following _____ 5. Which of the following best

statements is true of ATP? describes the molecules
a. It stores energy as labeled B in Figure 4.1?
glucose.
b. It transfers energy to cell
processes.
c. It releases energy when it
gains a phosphate group.
d. It converts sunlight into
chemical energy.
_____ 2. The breakdown of which of
the following provides the
largest number of ATP per
molecule?
a. carbohydrates FIG. 4.1
b. lipids a. carbon monoxide
c. proteins entering the light-
d. cellulose independent reactions
b. water entering the
_____ 3. Which of the following
thylakoid membrane
reactions provides the
c. carbon dioxide entering
chemical energy for most
the Calvin cycle
cell functions?
d. oxygen entering an
a. ATP − P → ADP electron transport chain
b. ATP + P → ADP
c. ADP − P → ATP _____ 6. Which chemical equation
d. ADP + P → ATP best represents the process
of photosynthesis?
_____ 4. Which process would a. 6CO2 + 6O2 →
bacteria living near a heat C6H12O6 + 6O2
vent on the ocean floor use b. C6H12O6 + 6H2O →
to build carbon-based C6H12O6 + 6O2
molecules, such as sugars?
c. 6CO2 + 6H2O →
a. light-independent
reactions C6H12O6 + 6O2
b. cellular respiration d. C6H12O6 + 6O2 →
c. fermentation 6CO2 + 6H2O
d. chemosynthesis

Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company

Biology 2 Cells and Energy

Name: _____________________________ Class: __________________ Date: __________________

Chapter Test B, continued

_____ 7. Which of the following is _____ 11. Which process is best

the site of the photosystems represented by the chemical
in the light-dependent equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 →
reactions of photosynthesis? 6CO2 + 6H2O?
a. stroma a. cellular respiration
b. thylakoid membrane b. photosynthesis
c. ATP synthase c. glycolysis
d. mitochondrial matrix d. fermentation
_____ 8. What is the name of the _____ 12. An electron transport chain
process that breaks glucose is part of
down into the pyruvate that a. the Krebs cycle only.
is used in cellular b. cellular respiration only.
respiration? c. both photosynthesis and
a. fermentation cellular respiration.
b. electron transport d. both glycolysis and the
c. glycolysis Krebs cycle.
d. the Krebs cycle
_____ 13. Which process allows
____ 9. The aerobic stages of glycolysis to continue in the
cellular respiration take absence of oxygen?
place in the a. chemosynthesis
a. cell membrane. b. photosystem I
b. mitochondria. c. cellular respiration
c. cytoplasm. d. fermentation
d. grana.
_____ 14. Which organisms use
_____ 10. What is the main function of alcoholic fermentation to
the electrons shown in allow glycolysis to continue
Figure 4.2? to produce ATP?
a. reptiles c. humans
b. yeasts d. mammals
_____ 15. When pyruvate is a reactant
in cellular respiration it
means that
a. oxygen is present.
FIG. 4.2 b. all ATP is made in the
a. provide energy to form cytoplasm.
water molecules c. only fermentation is
b. provide energy to break taking place.
down glucose d. glycolysis has stopped.
c. provide energy to make
ADP
d. provide energy to pump
hydrogen ions
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company

Biology 3 Cells and Energy

Name: _____________________________ Class: __________________ Date: __________________

Chapter Test B, continued

Short Answer Use the diagram below to answer items 16–20. (5 credits)

FIG. 4.3

16. What process does the simplified diagram illustrate? How do you know?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
17. List two high-energy molecules shown in the diagram that transfer energy.
_______________________________________________________________
18. What are the two reactants and two products for the process illustrated above?
_______________________________________________________________
19. Name the structure in the figure in which an electron transport chain is located.
If no water were available, what would happen to the reactions that take place
in this location?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
20. What is the name of the cycle represented by a circle in the diagram? Describe
what happens during the cycle.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company

Biology 4 Cells and Energy

Name: _____________________________ Class: __________________ Date: __________________

Chapter Test B, continued

Use the diagram below to answer items 21–25. (5 credits)

FIG. 4.4

21. What processes does the diagram illustrate? How do you know?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
22. Name two high-energy molecules in the diagram that transfer energy.
_______________________________________________________________
23. What must be present for the process shown on the right to occur, and is not
present in the process shown on the left?
_______________________________________________________________
24. What is the name of the cycle represented by the circle in the diagram? Name
three molecules that are produced by this cycle.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
25. Describe a real-life situation in which the anaerobic part of the process above
might occur. Use the term fermentation in your answer. Could this process
continue indefinitely? Why or why not?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

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Biology 5 Cells and Energy