Type of communication system where two equipments can communicate with each other in both the directions simultaneously

Duplex Communication
System
Which is not a kind of Analog modulation ? Band pass modulation
In this mode of communication, the information is sent through light Optical Communications
The process of transforming a carrier signal so that it can carry the information of a message signal. Modulation
Digital modulation is the process of converting a digital bit stream into an analog carrier wave for transmission via a communication channel.
The type of system where the sender has to stop sending the signals to the recipient and then only the recipient can respond Half duplex
communication System
Radio communication system works even without the aid of an antenna false
Tactical Communication varies according to the changes in the environmental conditions and other situations.
In half Duplex communication system, both the two parties can’t communicate simultaneously. True
Super heterodyne receivers All of the above
Emitter modulator amplifier for Amplitude Modulation All of the above
Standard intermediate frequency used for AM receiver is 455 KHz
The modulation technique that uses the minimum channel bandwidth and transmitted power is SSB
Calculate the bandwidth occupied by a DSB signal when the modulating frequency lies in the range from 100 Hz to 10KHz. 19.8 KHz
The AM spectrum consists of All of the above
The ability of the receiver to select the wanted signals among the various incoming signals is termed as Selectivity
In the TV receivers, the device used for tuning the receiver to the incoming signal is Varactor diode
Amplitude modulation is Change in amplitude of the carrier according to modulating signal
In Amplitude Demodulation, the condition which the load resistor R must satisfy to discharge capacitor C slowly between the positive peaks of the carrier wave so
that the capacitor voltage will not discharge at the maximum rate of change of the modulating wave (W is message bandwidth and ω is carrier frequency, in rad/sec )
is RC < 1/W

Change in amplitude of the carrier according to modulating signal frequency

The modulation technique that uses the minimum channel bandwidth and transmitted power is
SSB
Super heterodyne receivers
All of the above

Emitter modulator amplifier for Amplitude Modulation

All of the above

In the TV receivers, the device used for tuning the receiver to the incoming signal is
Varactor diode

The ability of the receiver to select the wanted signals among the various incoming signals is
termed as
Selectivity

In Amplitude Demodulation, the condition which the load resistor R must satisfy to discharge
capacitor C slowly between the positive peaks of the carrier wave so that the capacitor voltage
will not discharge at the maximum rate of change of the modulating wave (W is message
bandwidth and ω is carrier frequency, in rad/sec ) is
RC < 1/W

Amplitude modulation is
Change in amplitude of the carrier according to modulating signal

The modulation technique that uses the minimum channel bandwidth and transmitted power is
SSB

Standard intermediate frequency used for AM receiver is

455 KHz

The AM spectrum consists of

All of the above

Calculate the bandwidth occupied by a DSB signal when the modulating frequency lies in the
range from 100 Hz to 10KHz.
19.8 KHz

What is the circuit used for producing AM called?

Modulator

What happens when the amplitude of the modulating signal is greater than the amplitude of the
carrier?
Distortion
The ratio between the modulating signal voltage and the carrier voltage is called?
Modulation index

What is the line connecting the positive and negative peaks of the carrier waveform called?
Envelope

In Amplitude Modulation, the instantaneous values of the carrier amplitude changes in

accordance with the amplitude and frequency variations of the modulating signal.
True

What is the percentage of modulation if the modulating signal is of 7.5V and carrier is of 9V?
83.33

What is the condition for greatest output power at the transmitter without distortion?
Modulating signal voltage

What is the reference line for the modulating signal?

Carrier peak line

What is the effect of distortion?

Error information

When does over-modulation occur?

Modulating signal voltage > Carrier voltage

For over modulation, the value of modulation index m is m > 1

Synchronous detection means Both a and b
When AM signal is of 25KHz, calculate the number of channels required in Medium Frequency (MF)
band of 300KHz-3000KHz. 54
What is the effect on the transmitted power of AM signal when the modulation index changes from 0.8
to 1? 0.1364
Analog signal may be converted into digital signal by Sampling
Calculate the frequencies available in the frequency spectrum when a 2MHz carrier is modulated by
two sinusoidal signals of 350Hz and 600Hz. 2000.35, 1999.65 and 2000.6, 1999.4
Noise figure of merit in SSB modulated signal is 1
Calculate the total modulation Index when a carrier wave is being modulated by two modulating
signals with modulation indices 0.8 and 0.3. 0.8544
A 3 GHz carrier is DSB SC modulated by a signal with maximum frequency of 2 MHz. The minimum
sampling frequency required for the signal so that the signal is ideally sampled is 6.004 GHz
Calculate the power saved in an Amplitude Modulated wave when it is transmitted with 45%
modulation – Without carrier, – Without carrier and a sideband 90%, 95%
An AM broadcast station transmits modulating frequencies up to 6 kHz. If the AM station is
transmitting on a frequency of 894 kHz, the values for maximum and minimum upper and lower
sidebands and the total bandwidth occupied by the AM station are: 900 KHz, 888 KHz, 12 KHz
What is the carrier frequency in an AM wave when its highest frequency component is 850Hz and the
bandwidth of the signal is 50Hz? 825 Hz
Advantage of using VSB transmission is
Both a and b
If a receiver has poor capacity of blocking adjacent channel interference then the receiver has Poor
selectivity
Calculate the power in one of the side band in SSBSC modulation when the carrier power is 124W and
there is 80% modulation depth in the amplitude modulated signal. 79.36 W
Calculate the modulation index when the un modulated carrier power is 15KW, and after modulation,
carrier power is 17KW. 51.63%
The amount of data transmitted for a given amount of time is called Bandwidth
An unmodulated AM signal produces a current of 5.4 A. If the modulation is 100 percent, calculate a)
the carrier power, (b) the total power, (c) the sideband power when it is transmitted through an antenna
having an impedance of 50Ω. 1458 W, 2187.5 W, 729.25 W
Convert power gains of 0.01, 0.001, and 0.0005 to decibel values
10×log10(0.01)=−20dB
10×log10(0.001)=−30dB
10×log10(0.0005)=−33dB

Types of analog modulation are: All of the above

Function of RF mixer is Multiplication of two signals
The antenna current of the transmitter is 10A. Find the percentage of modulation when the antenna
current increases to 10.4A. 28.5%
Calculate the depth of modulation when a transmitter radiates a signal of 9.8KW after modulation and
8KW without modulation of the signal. 67%
A communication system has five stages, with gains and attenuations of 12 dB, -45 dB, 68 dB, -31 dB
and 9 dB.
For low level modulation, amplifier used is Class A
An AM signal has a total power of 48 Watts with 45% modulation. Calculate the power in the carrier
and the sidebands.
43.59 W, 2.205 W
Calculate the power in a DSB SC signal when the modulation is 60% with a carrier power of 600W.
108 W
Modulation is required for All of the above
What is the change in the value of transmitted power when the modulation index changes from 0 to 1?
50%
A modulation index of 0.5 would be same as 50% of Modulation Depth
The total power in an Amplitude Modulated signal if the carrier of an AM transmitter is 800 W and it
is modulated 50 percent. 900 W
Disadvantage of using a DSB or SSB signal modulation is Both a and b are correct
An AM transmitter has an antenna current changing from 5 A un modulated to 5.8 A. What is the
percentage of modulation? 83.14%
Calculate the side band power in an SSBSC signal when there is 50% modulation and the carrier
power is 50W.  6.25 W
Advantage of using a high frequency carrier wave is All of the above
Analog communication indicates: All of the above
If an AM signal is represented by v = ( 15 + 3 Sin( 2Π * 5 * 103 t) ) * Sin( 2Π * 0.5 * 106 t) volts. (i)
Calculate the values of the frequencies of carrier and modulating signals. (ii) Calculate the value of
modulation index. (iii) Calculate the value of bandwidth of this signal. 1.6 MHz and 8 KHz, 0.2, 16
KHz
The function of multiplexing is To combine multiple data streams over a single data channel
TRF receiver and super heterodyne receiver are used for Both a and b
Aliasing refers to Sampling of signals less than at Nyquist rate

Demodulation is: Both a and b

Bandwidth required in SSB-SC signal is (fm is modulating frequency): fm
Convert power gains of 100, 1000 and 2000 to decibel values

10×log10(100)=20dB
Bandwidth required in SSB-SC s
10×log10(1000)=30dB
Convert power gains of 100, 100
10×log10(2000)=33dB

The signal input power to a receiver is 6 W. The noise power is 25 mW. 

What is SNRdB?
23.8Db
What is the SNR? 240

A receiver’s sensitivity is the minimum received signal power for the receiver to successfully recover
the transmitted signal. If a receiver’s sensitivity is -45 dBm, and the received power is 10 μW, will the
receiver be able to recover the transmitted signal? Since this value is > receiver sensitivity (-45 dBm),
the receiver can recover the signal.
A communication system has five stages, with gains and attenuations of 12 dB, -45 dB, 68 dB, -31 dB
and 9 dB.
What is the overall gain in dB (AT,dB)? 13Db
If the input power is 1 dBm, what is the output power in dBm? 14DBm
The overall power gain (AT)? 20
A power amplifier has a gain of 55 dB. The input power is 600 mW. What is the output power in W?
Pout = Pin x AP = 0.6 W x 105.5 = 189.7 kW
An amplifier has an output power of 5W. What is this amount of power in dBm?
Pout,dBm=10log10(5W0.001W)=37dBm
A power amplifier has an output power of 200 W and an input power of 8W. What is the power gain in
decibels?
Ap=Pout/
Pin=200W/

Convert decibel power gains of 13 dB, 33 dB, and 103 dB to power gains.

13dB→1013/10=20
33dB→1033/10=2000
103dB→10103/10=2×1010
Three amplifiers with gains of 12.5, 4, and 20 are cascaded as shown in the following diagram (from
left to right). The input power is 120 mW. What is the overall gain and the output powers of each
stage?
P1=Pin×AP1=120mW(12.5)=1500mW=
1.5W
P2=P1×AP2=1.5W(4)=6WP3=
P2×AP3=6W(20)=120W
AT=AP1×AP2×AP3=12.5(4)20=1000
_____is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit to increase the power or amplitude of a signal
from the input to the output port by adding energy converted from some power supply to the
signal.
Gain
This is a method of combining more than one signal over a shared medium.
Multiplexing 
This is a particular frequency at which the attenuation reaches a specified value.
Stopband frequency
_____affects the propagation of waves and signals in electrical circuits, in optical fibers, and in air.
Electrical attenuators and optical attenuators are commonly manufactured components in this
field.
Attenuation
____is the process of transforming a carrier signal so that it can carry the information of a
message signal. It superimposes the contents of the message signal over a high-frequency carrier
signal, which is then transmitted over communication channels.
Modulation     
______system depends on light as the medium for communication.
Optical communication 
______use analog and Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM).
Broadband transmissions
Baseband transmissions use digital signaling and ____.
time division multiplexing 
___ filter that passes signals with a frequency lower than a selected cutoff frequency and
attenuates signals with frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency.
low-pass    
A range of frequencies within a given band, in particular that used for transmitting a signal.
Bandwidth 
When the ____________is modulated onto the radio frequency carrier, the new radio frequency signal
moves up and down in frequency. audio signal

These transmissions could offer high fidelity audio, and for this reason, frequency modulation is far
more popular than the older transmissions on the long, medium and short wave bands.

To generate a ______________the frequency of the radio carrier is changed in line with the amplitude
of the incoming audio signal. frequency modulated signal

 Wether ___________ or mobile radio communication systems, or for use in portable applications, FM
is widely used at VHF and above. Fixed

In addition to its widespread use for high quality audio broadcasts, FM is also used for a variety of
_________radio communication systems. Two way

It is not possible to change the frequency of a signal to give frequency modulation or FM.

False

Frequency modulation is widely used on frequencies below 30 MHz.

False

Frequency modulation is able to provide near interference free reception, and it was for this
reason that it was adopted for the VHF sound broadcasts.
True

While changing the amplitude of a radio signal is the most obvious method to modulate it, it is
by no means the only way.
True

Frequency modulation is particularly well known for its use for VHF FM broadcasting.
True