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Different Types of ENGINE

The document discusses different types of engines. It describes engines as devices that convert chemical energy to mechanical energy or work. It then classifies engines based on 11 criteria including whether they use internal or external combustion, the type of fuel used, the number of strokes, type of ignition, number of cylinders, and cooling methods. It provides more detail on supercharged, turbocharged, Wankel, and gas turbine engines. The Wankel engine uses a rotary design with advantages of simplicity and power but disadvantages of sealing issues and efficiency. Gas turbines were invented in 1930 and are now commonly used for aircraft and power generation.

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189 views

Different Types of ENGINE

The document discusses different types of engines. It describes engines as devices that convert chemical energy to mechanical energy or work. It then classifies engines based on 11 criteria including whether they use internal or external combustion, the type of fuel used, the number of strokes, type of ignition, number of cylinders, and cooling methods. It provides more detail on supercharged, turbocharged, Wankel, and gas turbine engines. The Wankel engine uses a rotary design with advantages of simplicity and power but disadvantages of sealing issues and efficiency. Gas turbines were invented in 1930 and are now commonly used for aircraft and power generation.

Uploaded by

Karnal 0388
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Different types of ENGINE

What is an Engine?
An engine is a device which is use
to convert chemical energy into
mechanical energy or work.
Classification of engine
• Automobile engines are classified on the following bases
1) Internal combustion (IC) and External Combustion (EC)
2) Type of fuel: Petrol, Diesel, Gas, Bio / Alternative Fuels
3) Number of strokes – Two stroke Petrol, Two-Stroke Diesel, Four Stroke
Petrol / Four Stroke Diesel
4) Type of ignition such as Spark Ignition, Compression Ignition
5) Number of Cylinders – From 1 to upto 18 cylinders (in a car)
6) Arrangement of cylinders which are Inline, V, W, Horizontal, Radial
7) Motion of Pistons which are Reciprocatory, Rotary
8) Size / Capacity
9) Bore-to-Stroke Ratio
10) Engine cooling methods such as Air-cooled, Liquid-cooled (Water based),
Oil-cooled (Oil is cooled separately)
11) Breathing such as Naturally Aspirated, Turbocharged Supercharged
Super charged Engine
Supercharging
• The process of supplying to the engine the air fuel
mixture above the atmospheric pressure is called
supercharging. A supercharger increases the pressure of
the air fuel mixture from the carburettor before, it entres
the engine. In supercharged engines, the mixture is
forced into the cylinder at a pressure higher than that of
the atmosphere. Due to higher pressure the density of
ythe mixtures increases,therfore, its weight per stroke is
increased. The engine should be able to take higher
forces due to supercharging.
Turocharger
Wankel Engine
• A type of Internal
Combustion Engine
that uses a rotary
design.

• Uses Four strokes


cycle (Otto cycle).

• Developed in 1951 by
Felix Wankel.
Rotary Design
• 4 stroke engine (intake,
compression,
combustion, exhaust)
• Rotor on eccentric shaft.
• Design to Minimize
Volume while Maximizing
Compression ratio.
• Reuleaux Rotor –
Triangular shaped with
equaled width.
Pro
• Much simpler
comparing to its
piston counterpart.
• Power to weight ratio
is superior than piston
engines.
• Smooth power flow
and high RPM.
• No Seizure at high
temperature.
Con
• Sealing, leaks from the
apex seals greatly
reduces efficiency of the
engine.
• High Operating
Temperature, the housing
operates at steady state
with constant heating in
each chamber.
• Low fuel efficiency and
shorter engine life due to
damaged seals.
Applications
Rotor Vs Piston
Mazda Rx-7 (1989-1992) Nissan 240sx (1991-1994)

13B 1.3 Liters (146 hp @ 6500 rpm and KA24DE 2.4 Liters (155 hp @ 5600 rpm
138 ft·
lbf ) and 160 ft·
lbf)
Gas Turbine
• Invented in 1930 by Frank Whittle
• Patented in 1934
• First used for aircraft propulsion in 1942 on Me262 by
Germans during second world war
• Currently most of the aircrafts and ships use GT
engines
• Used for power generation
• Manufacturers: General Electric, Pratt &Whitney,
SNECMA, Rolls Royce, Honeywell, Siemens –
Westinghouse, Alstom
• Indian take: Kaveri Engine by GTRE (DRDO)
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

Intake:-
Slow down incoming air
Remove distortions
Compressor:-
Dynamically Compress air
Combustor:-
Heat addition through
chemical reaction
Turbine:-
Run the compressor
Nozzle/ Free Turbine:-
Generation of thrust power/shaft
power
Advantages and Disadvantages

• Great power-to- Expensive:


weight ratio high speeds and high operating
compared to temperatures
designing and manufacturing
reciprocating gas turbines is a tough problem
engines. from both the engineering and
• Smaller than their materials standpoint
Tend to use more fuel when they
reciprocating are idling
counterparts of the They prefer a constant rather than
same power. a fluctuating load.

• Lower emission
levels
Jet Engine
Principle
Stucture of jet engine
Thank You

submit by
Mhd. Baseem

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