Experiences of Farmers in Using Modern Agricultural Types of

Machines.
GENERAL DE JESUS COLLEGE, S.Y 2020- 2021
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An Undergraduate Thesis Presented

To the Faculty of Senior High School Department
General De Jesus College San Isidro, Nueva Ecija

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In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for Senior High School
Practical Research I

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By:

Angela Stacey B. Talens

Franc Lawrence DB. Balisi
Harry Francois B. Cabigting
Renz Aaron P. Dela Cruz
John Cedric B. Libunao
John Euriz M. Pablo
Del Humphrey B. Valenzuela

December 2020.

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 Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Nowadays, a lot of modern technology is emerging in our

society, and many people are also using it in various fields. Some

people are using technology in the field of medicine which we know

does help a lot when it comes to the treatment of people with

strange diseases. Other people use technology in the field of

communication, and we all know that modern technology has been

helping us in communicating with other people even though they are

miles and miles away. And how about in the field of agriculture,

is it really worth it or not?

Technology can help farmers in tackling issues of food

scarcity and provide sustainable and high-quality food for

communities that do not have the same level of access. With

technology, we can provide farmers with modern types of machinery

so that they can do their job with ease. Having modern agricultural

machinery does have pros, but it also has cons.

With modern types of machinery, it can limit or destroy the

habitat of some wild creatures and it may also lead to soil

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erosion. It can also limit the traditional way of harvesting

agricultural crops with the use of carabaos. Modern agricultural

machines are also expensive. Meaning, not all people can afford

these type of machines.

One of the cons of having modern agricultural machine is that

not all people can afford it. Therefore, they need to work with

the traditional way of harvesting by using carabaos as a helping

hand for harvesting crops.

Many technologies nowadays really helped all the workers to

continue their lifestyle just like then. Truly the pandemic had

completely changed our lifestyle and our daily routines. With

modern technology, there are endless ways of improving and

discovering possible solutions to future complications that may

arise. Thus, the purpose of this study is to apprehend the

experiences of farmers in using modern agricultural types of

machines.

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Conceptual Framework

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework that will be used in assessing the experiences of

farmers using modern agricultural machinery.

Figure one shows the different variables used in assessing

the effects on farmers of usage of modern machines. This figure

will determine how various modern types of machinery can affect

farmers in many aspects.

Income is the primary reason why people work and is considered

as the most important factor, because income or money is a basic

need, especially nowadays that the cost of living is getting higher

and higher. Farmers that are using modern agricultural machines

can definitely point the difference of farming when or when not

using machines, these machines are assets that require a good

amount of money as investments. How long does it take for farmers

to get the return of their investment in these machineries? Does

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these machineries make the amount of their income higher or lower

is a question that this research wanted to determine and answer.

Innovation is part of our lives, as well as change, is

inevitable. Innovation helps our society function much faster and

effectively, this innovation will help us keep up with other

countries and thus improve our way of living. Even though farming

in the Philippines is mostly done in a traditional way, using axes,

pitchfork, shovels, and many more, some farmers opted to give

innovation a try and now uses modern machinery to make their

farming faster and more effective. How do these machines help

farmers as a form of innovation is another question this research

will uncover by the end.

Modern machines as we all know will give farmers ease in doing

their work, however this is not the case all the time, because

these machines will still need farmers to have proper training and

knowledge on how these will put in to use. Some machines will first

give farmers a hard time because of their difficulty in usage,

some are difficult to maneuver as well and will take time for

farmers to practice using but some are also quite easy to use does

making the work of our famers much easier. If these machineries

are put into good use the labor of farmers will be affected, will

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it make their work easier or harder is another question to be

answered. As we all know these machines also need proper care and

maintenance that the farmers will take into consideration, and

this maintenance is another part of our farmers work, if they want

to have a good use of these machines.

Machineries for farming makes the work easier for the farmers

to earn money for their everyday needs. The farmers who can afford

to buy newly invented machines that can help them will really see

the difference on their income, it can somehow lessen their cost

of labor and expense resulting to higher yields. However, while

the invented machineries do the work, other farmers who are

laborers will lose their job and their income will highly decrease.

Machineries also needed funds for their maintenance cost which is

also high making additional expense to other farmers. In addition,

because of the high price of most machineries, most farmers do not

have enough money to afford and buy them. In work labor just like

what I stated in the effect in income, it makes the life of a

farmer easier and It helps the farmers to do faster work than

before. As a disadvantage, the machines took over the job of poor

farmers that cannot afford to buy the machines thus making them

leave the industry of farming and opt to other jobs that can

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provide them money. Innovation can really help boost the speed and

ways of farming; it can diminish the time of farming even by half.

With innovation farmers can do farming more easily by having new

machineries that can help them, however with innovation,

traditional farming that we used to know can be forgotten in time,

the traditional farming that our ancestors started and helped our

economy before will slowly be removed from our minds, innovation

can also take the jobs from farmers, because they can be replaced

by machines thus making more people jobless and making more

families even more hungry.

Research Paradigm

Figure 1. Research Paradigm

Statement of the Problem

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 This research intends to conduct a study concerning the

situation particularly, on the Experiences of Farmers in Using

Modern Agricultural Types of Machinery. The researchers came up

with the topic to share awareness and have a grip on comprehension

to share that there are likewise some critical issues that the

farmers were encountering today.

Hence, it specifically seeks answers to the following

questions:

1. How may the profile of the respondents be described in terms

of:

1.1 Age;

1.2 Sex?

1.3 Years of being a farmer?

2. What are the advantages of using modern machines in farming?

3. What are the disadvantages of using modern machines in

farming?

4. What are the effects of the use of modern agricultural types

of machinery to the respondents in terms of:

4.1 Income;

4.2 Adoption to agricultural innovation;

4.3 Work Labor

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Scope and Delimitation

The focus of this research work is to determine the

experiences of farmers in using modern agricultural types of

machines. Researchers interviewed 3-5 farmers who are using modern

agricultural machines. The respondents were asked about the

advantages and disadvantages of utilizing modern agricultural

types of machinery and how it may affect their income, work labor

and so forth. Individual demographic variables for the respondents

are age, gender, occupation. This study would likely to focus only

to the farmers who are using modern agricultural machinery.

Significance of the Study

This research is focused on the experiences of farmers in

using modern agricultural machineries. The findings of the study

would be beneficial to the following:

Farmers/farmhands. This study would help farmers to adapt to

innovation and to help them with being informed regarding what are

the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing modern agricultural

types of machines.

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Agricultural Engineers. It would further help agricultural

engineers to improve and make farming more sustainable, safe, and

environmentally friendly.

Agricultural Workers. It would improve the work labor of

agricultural workers as they operate the farm machinery under the

supervisions of farmers, agricultural engineers, etc.

Farm landowners. It would also be beneficial to the landowners to

know if the following machines can be cost-reducing or cost-

increasing.

Consumers. This research would not also be beneficial to the

farmers and agricultural engineers as it will likewise give

knowledge to the consumers about the products they consumed.

Researchers. The individuals who are involved in conducting the

study would acquire knowledge and give significance to

understanding the research.

Future Researchers. The individuals who will be associated with

conducting the research will increase their sources and references

and will make their study more substantial and reliable.

Definition of Terms

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 The following terms used in this study are operationally

defined for better understanding:

Agricultural Engineers – is the engineering of agricultural

production and processing. It combines the disciplines of

mechanical, civil, electrical, Food sciences and chemical

engineering principles with a knowledge of agricultural principles

according to technological principles.

Assets - is a resource with economic value that an individual,

corporation, or country owns or controls with the expectation that

it will provide a future benefit. Assets are reported on a

company's balance sheet and are bought or created to increase a

firm's value or benefit the firm's operations.

Axe - hand tool used for chopping, splitting, chipping, and

piercing. Stone Age hand axes originated in simple stone implements

that acquired wooden hafts or handles.

Inevitable - adjective unable to be avoided, evaded, or escaped;

certain; necessary: an inevitable conclusion. sure, to occur,

happen, or come; unalterable: The inevitable end of human life is

death.

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Innovation - is the creation, development and implementation of a

new product, process, or service, with the aim of improving

efficiency, effectiveness, or competitive advantage.

Investment - is an asset or item acquired with the goal of

generating income or appreciation. ... An investment always

concerns the outlay of some asset today time, money, or effort in

hopes of a greater payoff in the future than what was originally

put in.

Machine - is an assemblage of machines or mechanical apparatuses:

the machinery of a factory. the parts of a machine, collectively:

the machinery of a watch. a group of people or a system by which

action is maintained or by which some result is obtained: the

machinery of government.

Maneuver - is a careful and skillful move or series of moves or a

scheme or plot that requires skill to carry out. ... To maneuver

is defined as to move in a skillful manner or to complete a series

of skillful moves or a carefully planned scheme.

Opt - is defined as to decide or to have a choice.

Pitchfork - is an agricultural tool with a long handle and two to

five tines used to lift and pitch or throw loose material, such as

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hay, straw, or leaves. The term is also applied colloquially, but

inaccurately, to the garden fork. ... Pitchforks appear in artworks

whose subject is associated with agriculture.

Shovel - is a tool with a long handle and broad scoop used to lift

and throw loose material (as dirt or snow) as much as a shovel

will hold a shovel of sand. shovel. verb. shoveled or shoveled;

shoveling or shoveling.

Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This section represents the various thoughts and concepts of

the different authors that are relevant to this study.

This chapter will present interrelated ideas for

understanding the experiences of farmers in utilizing modern

agricultural types of machines. These incorporate brief depictions

of the factors that influence farmers who utilize modern

agriculture machines in the present time.

Related Literature

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 To know the different experiences of farmers about the use of

machinery in agriculture, the different perspectives of the farmer

helps to make the study more reliable.

The mechanization of agriculture that took place during

the 20th century led to significant changes in how farmers plant,

irrigate, and harvest crops. Combines, tractors, harvesters, and

other machinery have enabled farmers to increase their production

while relying less upon an extended labor force. Farm Mechanization

is the application of engineering principles and technology in

agricultural production storage and processing on the farm. Farm

Mechanization applies to land preparation, planting, fertilizer

application, weeding, and crop harvesting, Rearing, care, and

feeding of animals, as well as processing and storage of farm,

produce using appropriate Farm Machines. By applying this method,

farmers are gaining more profits and able to increase their

productivity of yield.

It is not always positive sometimes, there are always

problems that might occur. Due to lack of practical knowledge,

farmers cannot handle the machines properly. Maintenance cost is

very high, over usage of machines may lead to environmental damage,

it is efficient, but it has side effects and drawbacks, most of

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the farmers do not know about the usage of modern machines “Admin”

(2019).

“Sara Williams” Professional farmers, as well as homesteaders

or hobby farmers, use farm equipment to improve the productivity

and efficiency at their farm. We cannot compare the use of a hand

spade to the use of a tractor, as both tools have their own

importance and ensure greater productivity at farms.

The only thing a farmer needs to do to be productive is to

plant, reap and sow at the right time with the right equipment and

in the right season. Farming needs different farm implement to be

used in the various steps in farming operations. To make a

significant difference and enhance the value of the produce a

farmer needs to keep their farm on a stable schedule and choose

the right equipment.

“Wendell Berry” (2011) builds perhaps the most compelling

case that technology has been misapplied to agriculture.

Industrialization, he argues, is the primary cause of our

depopulated farms and rural towns. In 1790, 90 percent of our

people were engaged in agriculture. Today, technology and decades

of federal policy that deliberately reduced agricultural jobs have

shrunk the farm community to less than 1 percent of our population,

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and our rural population to 17 percent. Our physical separation

from natural settings may well be exacerbating an alienation from

nature fraught with trouble for our collective health and psyche.

“Department of Agriculture” research in the 1930s and '40s

documented the importance of farming practices based on human skill

and hand work - crop diversification and rotations, integration of

animals, and using grass to guard against erosion, manage pests,

and maintain soil fertility. But, as Berry notes, approach to

producing food veered sharply away from farming founded on human

stewardship, natural cycling, and recycling. It abandoned grass

and embraced chemicals and machines.

Dutch born “Gerrit Kurstjens” (2018) shares his experiences

of operating a driverless tractor on his farm in Australia. One of

the world's first driverless tractors is being put to work in

fields south-west of Brisbane. The driverless technology was

applied to my Fendt 936 Vario tractor by Dutch technology

manufacturer, Probotiq, as he trialed the system this season.

He is looking to technology to help him raise crop yields and

reduce the use of chemicals, thus cutting growing costs. Our Fendt

936, which is equipped with an autonomic system from Probotiq, can

start work in 2 different ways. The first method is "learn and

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play". This is where the tractor has to first be driven up and

down over the whole paddock, after which it can follow the same

route and speed. It can also travel over a private road.

“Fred Magdoff” (1982) There is much that needs modernizing

in traditional agricultural practices of the Third World. In some

countries relatively simple changes, such as the substitution of

metal implements for wooden hoe and plows, or the use of rubber

tires on wheelbarrows and carts, may make a great difference. There

are many areas where more efficient drainage of wet soils and/or

irrigation of dry soils, better weed control, more use of improved

varieties and fertilizers, different crop rotations, and erosion-

control practices would significantly improve crop production and

farmer welfare.

Related Studies

The overall aim of this study was to investigate how farmers

utilize advanced agricultural types of machines and to identify

the advantages and disadvantages of using them. Furthermore, this

work was aimed to present suggestions or recommendations to

farmers, farm landowners, agricultural engineers, and

manufacturers to improve the agricultural field in work efficiency

and flexibility using modern agricultural machines.

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 The researchers have run over numerous quantities of studies

that are related to the current research. An example of that was

the study that was conducted by Christina Lunner-Kolstrup (2018)

on the “Farm operators’ experiences of advanced technology and

automation in Swedish agriculture.”

Christina Lunner-Kolstrup (2018) investigated how farm

operators use and experience working with advanced farm technology

and automated systems and noted the following findings:

1. Modern agricultural types of machines may enhance the

farmers’ work labor in their daily work yet, it may be stressful

for them to learn and handle advanced agricultural technology as

they may deal with possible machine failures.

2. Researchers discovered that younger machine operators seem

to learn and adapt with the modern machines more easily and faster

than the older machine operators, as they still need a brief

understanding of how the machines work, by that they often chose

practical guidelines and learn by doing the principles rather than

learning with the instruction manuals.

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 Based on this findings, Bautista (2017), described the

perceptions of farmers in using modern technology machines and

land reformation in the Philippines:

1. Researchers had found out that the agricultural

mechanization in the Philippines is as yet described by low

production level, high post-harvest losses, and failure to

transform their raw form into high-quality products.

2. Farmers in the Philippines' awareness of farm

mechanization happens to be very low, and they likewise have

financial issues when they consider adopting modern agricultural

machines.

In addition, Bautista’s (2017) study on the "Farmer’s

Perception on Farm mechanization and Land reformation in the

Philippines" stated that agricultural mechanization raises the

efficiency of farm operations and inputs and lowers production

costs and post-harvest losses. Therefore, this would help address

poverty, social equity, and food security, and enhance

agricultural competitiveness and sustainable development leading

to increased farmers’ income.

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 As revealed by the findings in the study, in both research

and practice, it has been known that the farmers are struggling in

adapting to modern agricultural technology and there are still

places in the Philippines that harvest manually by utilizing

carabaos as their assistance to ease the work labor. The

experiences of the farmers have been generally researched and, its

disadvantages have been recognized. Advantages, in any case,

remain with regard that should be examined further.

The current research endeavors to acknowledge the perceptions

of farmers in utilizing modern agricultural types of machines and

to recognize what are the favorable circumstances and hindrances

of using them.

Ghosh (2010), a case study about "Determinants of Farm

Mechanization in Modern Agriculture." states that mechanization of

agriculture is a significant factor elevating to higher yield of

the agricultural farm and increasing the benefits in farm

practices. In life of a primary field review in the Burdwan

district of West Bengal, the study attempts to recognize and

analyze the impacts of factors such as water system, access to

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institutional credit, government extension support services, and

experience of the farmers on the level of farm mechanization.

From the results of this investigation, the following

advantages are recognized:

1. Farm mechanization is considered to be one of the few

pathways in agricultural development. In modern agricultural

practices, modern machines are needed from the perspective of the

benefit of farming.

2. The utilization of farm tractors saves the resources for

maintaining animals and enables the expansion in yield by raising

cropping intensity and yield per acre or section of land and can

prompt the rise in farm employment.

3. By investing in modern agricultural machines, farmers with

the bigger operational area have a competitive edge over the small

farmers in regard to farm mechanization.

Relationship of the Present Study to the Literature and Studies

Revealed

The reviewed studies and literature gave the researchers with

the essential data they needed for their research.

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 The investigations of Lunner-Kolstrup (2018), Bautista

(2017), and Ghosh (2010) are corresponding to the present studies

since they introduced and discusses about the experiences of the

present-day farmers in utilizing modern agriculture types of

machines.

Therefore, the current study will be useful to the readers of

the research in terms of gaining data regarding the experiences of

the farmers in using modern agricultural types of machines.

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter shows how the study was handled. It incorporates

the research design used, the research locale, and the respondents

of the research, the selections of respondents as well as sampling

procedures. It additionally includes the research instrument used,

the data gathering process, and the data analysis.

Research Design

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 Due to the nature and purpose of the study, the

phenomenological method was adopted to complete this study which

the researchers intended to explore a phenomenon behind the

experience of selected farmers when it comes to agriculture.

Through this study, the researcher carefully observed and

evaluated the response and experiences of the respondents.

The study used the Husserlian Descriptive Phenomenology. It

is a data analysis method used to explore and describe the lived

experiences of individuals. It brings the perspectives,

experiences, beliefs of the respondents. It sought to reinstate

the human world as a foundation of science that brought justice to

the everyday lived experience. Moreover, the complex source of

unspoken meaning associated with being and experiencing shapes an

individual’s understanding of their lifeworld. (Christensen et.

al, 2017)

For this information, the phenomenon is situated in the

farmers’ experiences in utilizing modern agricultural types of

machines. The phenomenological study can distinguish the

advantages and disadvantages of using modern machinery in

agriculture. This method is the ideal choice for this research to

acquire the most precise data.

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Sampling Procedure

There are various types of sampling techniques that can be

utilized in the research study. The type of sampling used in this

study is the purposive sampling method, also called judgment

sampling. It will give the researchers a subjective understanding

of what are the experiences of farmers in using modern types of

agricultural machines. As per Tongco (2007), the questions of the

researchers that are keen on answering are the most important. By

using the purposive method, researchers can focus on specific

qualities of the population, which is an excellent way to respond

to a research question.

Five (5) farmers participated in the study. They were asked

through google meet and were interviewed privately for their

privacy. The farmers were purposively selected by the researchers

around the municipalities in Nueva Ecija, focusing more on the

towns of Cabiao and San Isidro.

Data Gathering Procedure

The research was conducted, the researchers provided a series

of questions that were used to interview the respondents that were

validated by our research adviser. A good technique was used here

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to interview the respondent, wherein the researcher invited the

chosen respondents to join a google meeting to have their one-on-

one talk to acquire information through the experiences of the

person. Questions can be considered sufficient to gather the data

and information needed to complete the study. The interview will

likewise be recorded with the permission of the respondent to make

sure that the acquired questions were written accurately.

If the respondent cannot answer the questions through a video

call, the researchers will provide a questionnaire for the

respondent. Thus, safety precautions will be conducted to prevent

the chances of contracting the virus, given the situation of the

country right now.

Data Gathering Instrument

The researchers used a Qualitative Type of Research. Wherein,

the information of the specific research was based on the personal

experiences of the respondents. In which the researchers used

research instruments to gather accurate information.

The following are the research instruments the researchers

used:

• Interview questions

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 The main instrument used in this study was to interview each

and every individual. The questions that the researchers will be

asking are based on the topic of the research, researchers need to

interview people to gather the data needed to complete the study.

Asking the respondents is needed, for the researchers to tackle

the solution of the study.

Interview Questions:

1. Are you having a hard time adapting to Modern Agricultural

Machines? If so, do you mind sharing your experiences?

2. How does utilizing modern machines affect your income?

3. Does it ease the work labor?

4. Does it help you produce and improve your crops?

5. Does it make farming safe, efficient, and environmentally

friendly?

6. Does it raise farm job employment?

7. What is the difference between doing the traditional way and

using modern technology?

8. What is more cost-effective? Maintaining and taking care of

carabaos or maintaining modern machines?

9. What are the advantages of using modern machines in farming?

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 10. Over the past few years, Agriculture has already improved

here in the Philippines. What are your thoughts about the

farming culture in the country?

Validation of the Instrument

A letter of approval was prepared and was given to the

respondents. The researchers prepared the interview questions

based on the related experiences of farmers using machinery in

agriculture. The final draft was presented to the research advisor

for correction and approval. After this, the interview questions

were administered to the 5 respondents from the different towns of

Cabiao and San Isidro.

Chapter IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the researchers’ summarization of the

information accumulated, which had been cautiously,

systematically, and basically analyzed and described.

A sum of five (5) respondents were interviewed about their

encounters in utilizing modern agricultural machines. Each

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interviewed were translated into English. Meanings were arranged,

so topics will be emerged.

1. Profile of the Respondents

This part shows the essential data about the respondents’ who

experienced using modern agricultural machines in terms of age,

sex, and years of being a farmer.

1.1 Age

A total of five farmers from selected municipalities in Nueva

Ecija were interviewed in the study.

20% of the respondents were between 29 to 40 years of age,

and 80% were between 50 to 60 years of age.

1.2 Sex

The results show that 80% of the respondents are males, and

20% are females.

1.3 Years of being a farmer

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 20% of respondents stated that they have 10-15 years of

experience as farmers, while 80% said that they have 20-25 years

of experience as farmers.

2. What are the advantages of using modern machines in farming?

As stated by Rehman et al. (2016), the utilization of modern

technology in Agriculture can significantly improve agricultural

production and sustainability. Most of the respondents say that

using a modern machine in farming makes their work faster and

easier. It does not need a great amount of labor and prepares the

crops faster than usual. And it can higher crop productivity, which

is supported by Parke (2013) which stated that utilizing modern

machines in agriculture can speed up the process of harvesting,

ease the work of farmers, and an increase in food production.

3. What are the disadvantages of using modern machines in farming?

Based on the answers of the respondents, the majority of the

farmers had difficulty adopting modern technology in the beginning

and stated that their salary was affected by the emergence of

machinery. The number of people working on farms was affected

29
because of the machines that were used more often, salaries of

farmers had also decreased, and the farmers expressed that

maintaining modern machines are more expensive than traditional

farming, which supported by Trakhtenberg (2012) which stated that

modern machines reduced the labor use in farming, and modern

machines are too complex to handle and expensive to maintain.

4. What are the effects of the use of modern agricultural types of

machines to the respondents?

Mostly, the respondents expressed that they experienced

positive and negative impacts in utilizing modern agricultural

machines and is divided into three: income, adoption to

agricultural innovation, and work labor.

4.1 Income

The majority of the respondents expressed that utilizing a

machine is more cost-effective which is supported by Bautista

(2017) which referenced that farmers in the Philippines' awareness

of farm mechanization happens to be very low, and in like manner

have financial issues when they consider adapting to modern

agricultural machines.

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 4.2 Adoption to Agricultural Innovation

Half of the respondents stated that adapting to agricultural

innovation was easy, and it was designed with efficiency and ease

of mind. Furthermore, the remaining of the respondents expressed

that they had a hard time adjusting to agricultural innovation

because it was costly, which is supported by Feder et al. (1984),

which stated that adapting to agricultural innovation may contrast

across every farmer and over time. Some changes have been well

adopted, and some were definitely not.

4.3 Work Labor

The vast majority of respondents expressed that utilizing

modern machines eased their work since they would not get tired

easily, unlike doing the traditional ways of farming, which is

supported by Gallardo et al. (2018) which stated that using modern

machines overcome the difficulties of unsafe and lower increased

productivity, including reduced dependence on labor.

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 Chapter V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions,

and recommendations produced by the thorough investigation and

through analysis of data.

Summary

The main goal behind the study was to determine and depict

the Experiences of Farmers Using Modern Types of Machines. The

descriptive and phenomenological study method of research was

utilized in the study.

The essential instrument as documentation was used to gather

information appropriate to the study. In addition, an unstructured

interview was conducted.

The respondents in the study were the selected farmers around

the municipalities in Nueva Ecija mainly in San Isidro and Cabiao.

Hence, it specifically seeks answers to the following

questions:

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 5. How may the profile of the respondents be described in terms

of:

5.1 Age;

5.2 Sex?

5.3 Years of being a farmer?

6. What are the advantages of using modern machines in farming?

7. What are the disadvantages of using modern machines in

farming?

8. What are the effects of the use of modern agricultural types

of machinery to the respondents in terms of:

8.1 Income;

8.2 Adoption to agricultural innovation;

8.3 Work Labor

Major Findings

The findings of the study are summarized as follows:

1. Profile of the Respondents

1.1 Age

20% of the respondents were between 29 to 40 years of age,

and 80% were between 50 to 60 years of age.

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 1.2 Sex

The results show that 80% of the respondents are males, and

20% are females.

1.3 Years of being a farmer

20% of respondents stated that they have 10-15 years of

experience as farmers, while 80% said that they have 20-25 years

of experience as farmers.

2. What are the advantages of using modern machines in farming?

The majority of the respondents stated that using a modern

machine in farming makes their work faster and easier. And it does

not need a great amount of labor and prepares the crops faster

than usual. Similarly, one of the respondents stated that farming

in the Philippines has seen major improvements due to the

incorporation of these modern agricultural machines.

3. What are the disadvantages of using modern machines in

farming?

The majority of the respondents described that they had

difficulty adopting modern technology in the beginning and stated

that their salary was affected by the emergence of machinery. And

34
farmers expressed that maintaining modern machines are more

expensive than traditional farming. Likewise, one of the

respondents stated that it is costly to finance modern machinery

because of gas and the need for repairing when it is not working.

4. What are the effects of the use of modern agricultural types

of machines to the respondents?

The respondents described the use of modern agricultural

types of machines had affected their farming experiences and are

identified and divided into three: income, adoption to

agricultural innovation, and work labor.

4.1 Income

Four respondents claimed that the use of modern agricultural

types of machines affected their income by the cost of acquiring

it and maintaining the machinery. In addition, one respondent

stated that it did not affect his income at all as he cannot afford

a machine.

4.2 Adoption to Agricultural Innovation

Three respondents stated that they had a hard time adapting

to Agricultural Innovation because they cannot acquire a machine.

Also, two respondents claimed that it was very easy to adapt to

35
Agricultural Innovation as the machines are designed with

efficiency and ease.

4.3 Work Labor

Four of the respondents claimed that utilizing machines in

agriculture eased their work labor. However, one respondent stated

that it does not ease his work labor because he does not have a

modern machine.

Conclusions

After due investigations, sufficient amount of evidence,

through analysis and careful interpretation, the researcher has

arrived at the following conclusions:

1. Farmer-respondents are in the proper status of maturity in

the field of agriculture. In this stage they are

knowledgeable, they are the ones who experience the effects

of having modern technology in agriculture and above all to

get a good and useful answer the farmers are chosen to be

interviewed because they are more able to provide and complete

to answer the research problem.

36
 2. Most of the findings revealed that utilizing modern machines

in agriculture can lower the income and decrease the job

employment of farmers. Likewise, maintaining a modern machine

is expensive.

3. Most of the respondents admitted that machinery makes their

work easier, can higher crop productivity in their farm, and

also struggle using machinery in the beginning.

4. The respondents described that modern machine can increased

the worker’s safety while doing farming.

Recommendations

Farmers

1. Farmers should extend their awareness of how the products

should be handle.

2. To give them ideas of the benefits that they will get when

they upgrade to agricultural machines.

Agricultural Engineers

1. Agricultural Engineers should focus on inventing other

machines that will help the production for farmers, includes

37
 designing safer equipment for food processing or reducing

erosion.

Agricultural Workers

1. Agricultural workers should make a control plan not only this

time of pandemic but for their everyday work to remove a

threat or unsafe process, install feasible engineering

controls, and enforce adequate washing, disinfection, and

sanitation procedures to further minimize the exposure to

farmworkers.

Farm landowners

1. Promoting cost-sharing schemes and technological tools as a

partnership: Many people agree that when it comes to

conservation, they are still doing the best they could. But

still, understand that there is more that is needed to be

done. Recognize that even minor changes can make a difference

and highlight the resources available to support those who

try their best to do even better.

38
Future Researchers

1. Future researchers should have a study about agricultural

society to be conducted.

2. To give an insights of the situation of the Farm culture in

the Philippines.

39
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40
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