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Solubility

The document defines solubility and discusses how the solubility of a solute in a solvent depends on factors like the nature of the solute and solvent, temperature, and pressure. It provides examples of how sugar and sodium chloride are soluble in water but iodine is only sparingly soluble, and how iodine dissolves in ethanol but sodium chloride does not. The document also discusses saturation, supersaturation, dilute and concentrated solutions.

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21 views7 pages

Solubility

The document defines solubility and discusses how the solubility of a solute in a solvent depends on factors like the nature of the solute and solvent, temperature, and pressure. It provides examples of how sugar and sodium chloride are soluble in water but iodine is only sparingly soluble, and how iodine dissolves in ethanol but sodium chloride does not. The document also discusses saturation, supersaturation, dilute and concentrated solutions.

Uploaded by

carresha applewhaite
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOLUBILITY

Definition: The amount of a solute which


dissolves in a fixed mass of solvent at a known
temperature.

Therefore a solute is considered to be soluble


if it dissolves in a given solvent and sparingly
soluble if the solute dissolve only to a small
extent in a given solvent.
Example (Demonstrate in Class)
1. Sugar and sodium chloride (salt) are readily soluble in
water but solid iodine is only sparingly soluble in water.

2. Solid iodine dissolves easily in ethanol but solid


sodium chloride is insoluble in ethanol.

Therefore the extent to which a solute dissolves in a


particular solvent depends on the following:
• the nature of the solute and the solvent
• the temperature
• and the pressure
• The solubility of solids in liquids usually increases
with an increase temperature.

Example: Sugar dissolves better in hot water than in


cold water

• The solubility of gases in liquids usually decrease


with a decrease in temperature, but increases with
pressure.

Example: Warm carbonated drinks have more


bubbles than cold ones.
We can find how much sodium chloride can
dissolve in 10 cm3 of water at a particular
temperature. When no more solute (sodium
chloride) can dissolve in the solvent the solution
reaches what is known as the saturation point.

Definition of Saturation: A solution is saturated


as a given temperature when no more solute can
dissolve at that temperature and when
undissolved solute is present.
A solution is supersaturated when the
amount of solute dissolved in it is more than
that dissolved in a saturated solution at the
same temperature

A dilute solution contains a small amount of


solute dissolved in the solvent.

A concentrated solution contains relatively


large quantities of solute dissolved in the
solvent.
Perform Experiment:

Determine the Solubility of Potassium


Nitrate

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