LEARNING ACTIVITY WORKSHEETS

Grade 11 – EARTH SCIENCE

Name: ___________________________ Date: _________ Rating/Score_________

Crustal Deformation and the Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis

Activity 1: Crustal Deformation
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and if not, write FALSE on the blank
provided before the number.

_______________1. In geology, stress is the force per unit area that is placed on rock.

_______________2. Tension is the major type of stress at transform plate boundaries.

_______________3. Sedimentary rocks that do not have horizontal layers have been

deformed.

_______________4. In an anticline, the youngest rocks are at the center.

_______________5. In a normal fault, the footwall drops down relative to the hanging wall.

_______________6. A rock’s response to stress depends only on the type of stress.

_______________7. Basin-and-range landforms result from tension pulling crust apart.

_______________8. Confining stress always causes folds or faults.

_______________9. The oldest layers of sedimentary rock are on always the bottom

unless rock layers have been disturbed.

_______________10. Left-lateral and right-lateral faults are two types of dip-slip faults

Activity 2: Matchy! Matchy!

Directions: Match the words in Column A with its correct definition on column B. Write

Column A Column B

_____ 1. compression a. fracture in which there is no movement of

rocks
_____ 2. tension
b. break in rock
_____ 3. deformation
c. stress that pulls rocks apart

_____ 4. fracture d. bend in rock due to compression

_____ 5. fold e. stress that squeezes rocks together

_____ 6. fault f. change in the shape of rock due to stress

_____ 7. joint g. fracture in which blocks of rock move

Q2 Week 3 (Learning Activity Worksheet) Page 1 of 8

Target Competency: Describe how rocks behave under different types of stress such as
compression, pulling apart, and shearing (S11ES-IIc-27)

• Describe what happens after magma is formed (S11ES-IIc-25)

LEARNING ACTIVITY WORKSHEETS
Grade 11 – EARTH SCIENCE
Activity 3: Stages of Deformation
Directions: Match the picture in column A with their correct answer on column B then
match column B on column C.

Column A Column B Column C

_______A. Elastic D. wherein the strain is

Deformation irreversible.

_______B. Ductile E. irreversible strain

Deformation wherein the material
breaks.

_______C. Fracture F. wherein the strain is

reversible

Image taken from https://media.springernature.com/lw785/springer-static/image/prt%3A978-3-540-31080-8%2F16/MediaObjects/978-3-540-31080-

8_16_Part_Fig1_HTML.jpg

Activity 4: Deformation in Rocks

Directions: Explain the deformation you can observe in the photo.

(Source: http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~schlisch/structureslides/slides.html)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

Q2 Week 3 (Learning Activity Worksheet) Page 2 of 8

Target Competency: Describe how rocks behave under different types of stress such as
compression, pulling apart, and shearing (S11ES-IIc-27)

• Describe what happens after magma is formed (S11ES-IIc-25)

LEARNING ACTIVITY WORKSHEETS
Grade 11 – EARTH SCIENCE
Activity 5: Identify It!
Directions: Identify the ocean floor feature being described. Choose your answer from
the box below.
Continental margin Abyssal plain Abyssal hills
Mid-ocean ridges Deep-ocean trenches Seamounts

_____________1. Underwater mountains that rise hundreds or thousands of feet from

the seafloor.
_____________2. A submarine mountain chain that winds for more than 65,000km
around the globe.
_____________3. A submerged outer edge of the continent where continental crust
transitions into oceanic crust.
_____________4. An extremely flat, sediment-covered stretches of the ocean floor, and
interrupted by occasional volcanoes.
_____________5 Small, topographically well-defined submarine hill that may rise from
several metres to several hundred metres above the abyssal seafloor
_____________6. These are narrow, elongated depressions on the seafloor many of
which are adjacent to arcs of island with active volcanoes; deepest
features of the seafloor.
Activity 6: Label It.
Directions: Label the ocean floor features as shown in the picture below.

Photo taken from https://i.pinimg.com/originals/51/a0/bb/51a0bb645b355d429a5cb0c583bd7a7d.jpg

Q2 Week 3 (Learning Activity Worksheet) Page 3 of 8

Target Competency: Explain how the seafloor spreads (S11ES-IIf-32)

• Describe what happens after magma is formed (S11ES-IIc-25)

LEARNING ACTIVITY WORKSHEETS
Grade 11 – EARTH SCIENCE
Activity 7: Explain It!
Directions: Read the paragraph below and analyze the illustration shown. Then,
answer the question briefly.
The seafloor spreading theory is supported by the way iron bits line up in the ocean
floor rocks. As new rock forms from the mid-oceanic ridge, iron bits mixed with lava are
attracted with the Earth’s polarity. They tend to line up pointing to the direction of Earth’s
magnetic pole. Scientists believed that there have been four major polarity reversals in
the past 4 million years, and it was illustrated in the diagram below. Analyze the diagram
then answer the questions that follows.

Photo taken from https://mrjonesscienceroom.weebly.com/uploads/5/7/8/5/57859897/editor/mid-ocean-ridge-stripes-orig_1.jpg?1513697739

Questions:
1. In what direction do the iron bits in rocks formed 4 million years ago point? _______
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. In what direction do the iron bits in rocks formed 3 million years ago point? _______
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. What do you think will happen to the alignment of iron bits if there was no seafloor
spreading? __________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
4. How does the magnetic striping (alternating polarity alignment of iron bits) of the
ocean floor supports seafloor spreading? _________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

Q2 Week 3 (Learning Activity Worksheet) Page 4 of 8

Target Competency: Explain how the seafloor spreads (S11ES-IIf-32)

• Describe what happens after magma is formed (S11ES-IIc-25)

LEARNING ACTIVITY WORKSHEETS
Grade 11 – EARTH SCIENCE

Structure and Evolution of Ocean Basins and the

Plate Tectonic Theory
Activity 8: Graphing the Depths of the Ocean Floor
Directions: The table below shows the data taken in Sound Navigation and Ranging
(SONAR) in mapping the ocean floor. Calculate the depth of the ocean floor using the
formula given and plot it in the graph provided.
SONAR Data from Shore to Open Ocean
Distance 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
from the
Shore (km)
Time 0.13 0.27 0.53 2.65 2.65 2.92 4.25 4.25 2.65 1.96

Depth (km)
Distance 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
from the
Shore (km)
Time 1.33 3.98 4.51 6.10 6.90 12.25 14.60 6.64 7.96 7.43

Depth (km)
Formula: 𝐷 = 1/2 (𝑇 𝑥 𝑉)

D = depth

T = time

V = Velocity of Sound waves in water at 20oC which is equal to 1.5km/s

***Activity adopted from: Ocean Floor Topograhy Retrieved from
https://www.ketteringschools.org/userfiles/1318/Classes/17278/ocean%20floor%20topography.pdf?id=541073 on July 10, 2020

Plot here then connect each point with a line.

Activity 2: Illustrating the Ocean Floor

Q2 Week 4 (Learning Activity Worksheet) Page 5 of 8

Target Competency: Describe the structure and evolution of ocean basins (S11ES-IIf-33)

• Describe what happens after magma is formed (S11ES-IIc-25)

LEARNING ACTIVITY WORKSHEETS
Grade 11 – EARTH SCIENCE
Activity 9: Illustrating the Ocean Floor
Directions: Based on the graph you made in Activity 1, illustrate how the ocean floor
looks like.

Activity 10: The Ocean Basin

Directions: Answer the following questions briefly.

1. What is an ocean basin?

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

2. How does an ocean basin form?

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

Q2 Week 4 (Learning Activity Worksheet) Page 6 of 8

Target Competency: Describe the structure and evolution of ocean basins (S11ES-IIf-33)

• Describe what happens after magma is formed (S11ES-IIc-25)

LEARNING ACTIVITY WORKSHEETS
Grade 11 – EARTH SCIENCE
Activity 11: The Major Lithospheric Plates of the Planet

Directions: Label the Earth’s major lithospheric plates on the map below.

Photo taken from: http://www.phschool.com/atschool/science_activity_library/plate_tectonics/

Source: https://www.nps.gov/subjects/geology/plate-tectonics-evidence-of-plate-motions.htm

Activity 12: The Plate Tectonics Theory

Directions: Answer the following questions briefly.
1. What is a plate?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

2. How will you describe the plate tectonics theory?

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

Q2 Week 4 (Learning Activity Worksheet) Page 7 of 8

Target Competency: Explain how the movement of plates leads to the formation of folds, faults,
trenches, volcanoes, rift valleys, and mountain ranges (S11ES-IIf-34)
LEARNING ACTIVITY WORKSHEETS
Grade 11 – EARTH SCIENCE
Activity 13: Plate Movements and Landforms
Directions: Analyze the pictures below and then provide the information being asked.
Landform: Trench
Type of Plate Boundary: ____________
Describe how a trench forms:
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________

Landform: Volcanoes
Type of Plate Boundary: ____________
Describe how a volcano forms:
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________

Landform: Volcanic Island Arc

Type of Plate Boundary: ____________
Describe how an island arc forms:
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________

Landform: Mountain Ranges

Type of Plate Boundary: ____________
Describe how a mountain range forms:
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________

Images taken from https://studylib.net/doc/18086259/different-plate-boundaries-create-different-landforms

Q2 Week 4 (Learning Activity Worksheet) Page 8 of 8

Target Competency: Explain how the movement of plates leads to the formation of folds, faults,
trenches, volcanoes, rift valleys, and mountain ranges (S11ES-IIf-34)