Specification

SECTION 02666 - POND AND RESERVOIR LINERS

PART 1 GENERAL 02666-3/9

1.1 SECTION INCLUDES 02666-3/9

1.2 REFERENCES 02666-3/9
1.3 DEFINITIONS 02666-3/9
1.4 SUBMITTALS 02666-3/9
1.4.1 PRODUCT DATA 02666-3/9
1.4.2 SHOP DRAWINGS 02666-3/9
1.4.3 SAMPLES FOR VERIFICATION 02666-3/9
1.4.4 MANUFACTURER CERTIFICATE 02666-3/9
1.4.6 QUALIFICATION DATA 02666-3/9
1.4.7 MATERIAL AND PRODUCT TEST REPORTS 02666-3/9
1.4.8 FIELD TEST REPORTS 02666-4/9
1.4.9 MAINTENANCE DATA 02666-4/9
1.4.10 WARRANTIES 02666-4/9

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE 02666-4/9

1.5 PROJECT CONDITIONS 02666-4/9
1.6 WARRANTY 02666-4/9
1.6.1 SPECIAL WARRANTY 02666-4/9
1.6.2 WARRANTY PERIOD 02666-4/9
1.7 WARRANTY 02666-4/9

PART 2 PRODUCTS 02666-5/9

2.1 MATERIALS 02666-5/9

2.1.1 GENERAL 02666-5/9
2.1.2 EPDM SHEET 02666-5/9

2.2 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS 02666-6/9

2.2.1 ADHESIVES 02666-6/9
2.2.2 PENETRATION ASSEMBLIES 02666-6/9
2.2.3 BATTENS 02666-6/9

2.3 FABRICATION 02666-7/9

2.4 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL 02666-6/9
2.5 CONCRETE SUBSTRATE 02666-6/9
2.6 EXCAVATION, BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION 02666-6/9
2.7 REINFORCEMENT 02666-6/9

PART 3 EXECUTION 02666-7/9

3.1 EXAMINATION 02666-7/9

3.2 PREPARATION 02666-7/9

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Specification

3.3 INSTALLATION 02666-7/9

3.3.1 GENERAL 02666-7/9
3.3.2 FIELD SEAMS 02666-8/9
3.3.3 ADHESIVE BONDING 02666-8/9
3.3.4 THERMAL BONDING 02666-8/9
3.3.5 LINER ATTACHED TO CONCRETE 02666-8/9
3.3.6 BATTEN STRIPS 02666-8/9
3.3.7 LINER REPAIRS 02666-8/9

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL 02666-8/9

3.4.1 NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING 02666-8/9

3.5 PROTECTION 02666-9/9

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Specification

SECTION 02666 - POND AND RESERVOIR LINERS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SECTION INCLUDES

1.1.1 This Section includes impermeable geomembrane pond and reservoir liners as
shown on Drawings and specified herein.

1.2 REFERENCES

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM D 751 Nominal Thickness for Synthetic Rubber Flexible Sheet

ASTM D 2136 Low Temperature Flexibility for Synthetic Rubber Flexible Sheet

ASTM D 751 Tearing Resistance for Synthetic Rubber Flexible Sheet

ASTM D 413 Ply Adhesion for Synthetic Rubber Flexible Sheet

ASTM D 1203 Volatile Loss for Synthetic Rubber Flexible Sheet

ASTM D 1204 Dimensional Stability for Synthetic Rubber Flexible Sheet

1.3 DEFINITIONS

1.3.1 Plastics Terminology: Refer to ASTM D 1600 for definition of abbreviated

terms for plastics not otherwise defined in this Section.

1.3.2 EPDM: Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

1.4.1 Product Data: For each type of the following:

1. Geomembrane.
2. Seaming adhesive, solvent, and extrusion.
3. Penetration assembly.

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1.4.2 Shop Drawings: Show fabrication and installation details for geomembrane
liner. Show panel layout, seams, penetrations, perimeter anchorage, and
methods of sealing to other construction. Differentiate between factory and
field seams and joints.

1.4.3 Samples for Verification: For each geomembrane, not less than one 12-inch
(300-mm) seam length of factory-bonded sheets and one 12-inch (300-mm)
seam length of field-bonded sheets.

1.4.3 Manufacturer Certificates: Signed by manufacturers certifying that they comply

with requirements.

1.4.4 Qualification Data: For firms and persons specified in "Quality Assurance"
Article to demonstrate their capabilities and experience. Include lists of
completed projects with project names and addresses, names and addresses of
architects and owners, and other information specified.

1.4.5 Material and Product Test Reports: Indicating materials, geomembrane, and
seams comply with requirements, based on comprehensive testing of current
product formulations and products.

1.4.6 Field Test Reports: Indicate and interpret test results for compliance with
performance requirements.

1.4.7 Maintenance Data: For geomembrane system to include in maintenance

manuals specified in Division 1.

1.4.8 Warranties: Special warranties specified in this Section.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.5.1 Installer Qualifications: An experienced installer who has specialized in

installing work similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for this
Project and who is acceptable to geomembrane panel manufacturer.

1.6 PROJECT CONDITIONS

1.6.1 Weather Limitations: Proceed with installation only when existing and
forecasted weather conditions permit placement and seaming of geomembrane
to be performed according to manufacturers' written instructions and warranty
requirements. Do not place or seam geomembrane during conditions of
precipitation, excessive atmospheric moisture, blowing dust, strong wind, or at
temperatures outside manufacturers' recommended range.

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1.7 WARRANTY

1.7.1 Special Warranty: Written warranty, signed by geomembrane manufacturer,

liner manufacturer, and liner Installer agreeing to repair or replace geomembrane
liner that fails in materials and workmanship or that deteriorates under
conditions of normal weather within specified warranty period. Warranty does
not include deterioration or failure of geomembrane liner due to exposure to
harmful chemicals, gases or vapors, abnormal and severe weather phenomena,
fire, earthquakes, floods, vandalism, or abuse by persons, animals, or equipment.
Failures include, but are not limited to, the following:

1.7.1.1 Leaks.

1.7.2 Warranty Period: 10 years from date of Substantial Completion.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

2.1.1. General: Provide impervious geomembrane liner fabricated from sheet material
indicated, complying with specified product characteristics.

2.1.2 EPDM SHEET

2.1.2.1. EPDM, compounded for use in hydraulic structures and to permit heat-
welded seams, formed into uniform, flexible sheets, and as follows:

2.1.2.1.1 Reinforcing Scrim: One-ply, 10x10x1000D polyester fabric

totally encapsulated between two sheets.

2.1.2.1.2 Nominal Thickness: 45-mil- (1.1-mm-) thick sheet per

ASTM D 751.

2.1.2.1.3 Hydrostatic Resistance: Not less than 250-psi (1724-kPa)

resistance per ASTM D 751, Method A, Procedure 1.

2.1.2.1.4 Breaking Strength: Not less than 220 lbf (0.97 kN) per
ASTM D 751, Procedure A.

2.1.2.1.5 Tearing Resistance: Not less than 80 lbf (0.36 kN) per
ASTM D 751, Procedure B.

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2.1.2.1.6 Low-Temperature Flexibility: Pass, 1/9-inch (3-mm)

mandrel, four hours at minus 40 deg F (minus 40 deg C), and
per ASTM D 2136.

2.1.2.1.7 Ply Adhesion: Not less than 10 lbf/in. (1.75 kN/m) of seam
width, or film tearing bond, according to ASTM D 413,
Machine Method, as modified by NSF 54, Annex A.

2.2 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS

2.2.1 Adhesives: Provide types of adhesive compounds, solvents, and tapes

recommended in writing by liner manufacturer for bonding to structures (if
required), for sealing of seams in geomembrane, and for sealing projections
through liner.

2.2.2 Penetration Assemblies: Provide manufacturer's standard factory-fabricated

assemblies for sealing penetrations. Include joint sealant, recommended in
writing by liner manufacturer, compatible with geomembrane and containment
conditions and materials.

2.2.3 Battens: Long-length strips of material indicated size as shown on Drawings.

Fabricate battens with sharp projections removed, and edges eased and
predrilled or punched for anchors. Provide anchors or other type of attachment,
of type and spacing recommended in writing by liner manufacturer for attaching
geomembrane liner system to substrate and as indicated.

2.2.3.1 Batten Material: Liner manufacturer's standard system.

2.3 FABRICATION

2.3.1 Fabricate geomembrane liner panels from sheets in sizes as large as possible
with factory-sealed seams, consistent with limitations of weight and installation
procedures. Minimize field seaming.

2.4 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL

2.4.1 General: Test for bonded seam strength and peel adhesion every 3000 feet (915
m) or once per panel, whichever is more frequent, per NSF 54, Table 14.

2.4.2 EPDM Liner: Test and inspect factory seams for peel adhesion not less than 10
lbf/in. (1.75 kN/m) of seam width, according to ASTM D 413, as modified by
NSF 54, Annex A, and for bonded seam strength not less than 160 lbf/in. (28
kN/m) of seam width for seam constructed from two scrim reinforced sheets,
each with nominal sheet thickness of not less than 45 mils (1.1 mm), according
to ASTM D 751, as modified by NSF 54, Annex A.

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2.5 CONCRETE SUBSTRATE: Comply with requirements of Section 03300 – CAST IN

SITU CONCRETE.

2.6 EXCAVATION, BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION: Excavation, backfilling and

compaction shall be undertake in accordance with configuration and profiles shown on
Drawings and in compliance with requirements of applicable sections in Division 2 –
SITEWORK.

2.7 REINFORCEMENT: Comply with requirements of Section 03200 – CONCRETE

REINFORCEMENT.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

3.1.1. Examine substrates, with Installer present, for freedom from sharp projections
and voids; for compliance with requirements for soil compaction and grading;
for subgrade free from angular rocks, rubble, roots, vegetation, debris, voids,
protrusions, and ground water; and for other conditions affecting performance
of liner.

3.1.1 Examine anchor trench excavation, where liner is to be secured, for substrate
conditions indicated above and for correct location and configuration.

3.1.2 Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been
corrected.

3.2 PREPARATION

3.2.1 Provide temporary ballast that does not damage geomembrane liner or
substrate, to prevent uplift of liner in areas with prevailing winds, until edges
are permanently secured.

3.2.2 Prepare surfaces of construction penetrating through liner according to liner

manufacturer's written instructions.

3.2.3 Remove curing compounds and coatings from concrete surfaces to be sealed
to geomembrane liner.

3.3 INSTALLATION

3.3.1 General: Place geomembrane liner over prepared surfaces to ensure minimum
handling. Install according to Shop Drawings and to comply with liner
manufacturer's written instructions. In areas with prevailing winds, begin
placing liner at Project's upwind direction and proceed downwind. Install liner

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in a relaxed condition, free from stress and tension. Fit closely and seal around
inlets, outlets, and other projections through geomembrane liner. Permanently
secure edges.

3.3.2 Field Seams: Comply with liner manufacturer's written instructions. Form
lapped seams by lapping edges of panels 2 to 4 inches (50 to 100 mm), unless
instructions require a larger overlap. Wipe contact surfaces clean and free of
dirt, dust, moisture, and other foreign materials. Use solvent-cleaning methods
and grind geomembrane seam surfaces if recommended by liner manufacturer.
Proceed with seaming at required temperatures for materials and ambient
conditions. Continuously bond sheet to sheet to construct single or double
seams of width recommended for method of seaming used. Seal or fuse free
seam edges as instructed. Inspect seams and reseal voids.

3.3.3 Adhesive Bonding: Apply bonding cement to both contact surfaces in seam
area and press together immediately, or use other seaming methods as instructed
by liner manufacturer. Roll to press surfaces together, to distribute adhesive to
leading edges of panels, and to remove wrinkles and fishmouths. Remove
excess adhesive.

3.3.4 Thermal Bonding: Use thermal-welding technique recommended by liner

manufacturer. Apply pressure to smoothly bond surfaces together. Inspect for
and patch wrinkles and fishmouths.

3.3.5. Liner Attached to Concrete: Use liner manufacturer's standard system to suit
project conditions. Support adhesive and liner fabric on not less than 8-inch-
(200-mm-) wide concrete substrate, unless otherwise indicated.

3.3.6. Batten Strips: Install batten strips over bonded liner as shown on Drawings.

3.3.7. Liner Repairs: Repair tears, punctures, and other imperfections in liner field
and seams using patches of liner material, liner-to-liner bonding materials, and
bonding methods according to liner manufacturer's written instructions. Apply
bonding solvent or weld to contact surfaces of both patch and liner and press
together immediately. Roll to remove wrinkles.

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

3.4.1. Nondestructive Testing: Visually inspect all seams and patches. Comply with
ASTM D 4437 for Air Lance Test, Vacuum Box Testing, or Ultrasonic (High
Frequency) Pulse Echo Testing or with GRI Test Method GM6, as applicable to
geomembrane and seam construction. Record locations of failed seams and
patches. For the record, individually number and date occurrences and details
of leak and remedial action. Repair leaking seams and patches.

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3.5 PROTECTION

3.5.1. Protect installed geomembrane liner according to liner manufacturer's written

instructions. Repair or replace areas of liner damaged by scuffing, punctures,
traffic, rough subgrade, or other unacceptable conditions.

3.5.2. Before initial filling of pond, or placement of earth or other cover, inspect seams
and patched areas to ensure tight, continuously bonded installation. Repair
damaged membrane and seams and re-inspect repaired work.

END OF SECTION 02666

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